Membra disiecta (part II) continues the analysis of lithic material incorporated in medieval monu... more Membra disiecta (part II) continues the analysis of lithic material incorporated in medieval monuments of Haţeg Land (Ţara Haţegului). The subject of this research is a unique, exceptional monument, the precinct enclosure of the medieval church in Ostrov, made mostly of fragments of funerary or commemorative monuments of architectural character taken from the necropolis of the capital of Roman Dacia, Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa. Following a brief account of both the phenomenon of migration of lithic material in Transylvania and the dramatic present state of epigraphic monuments originating in the enclosure and previously published, the study presents the inventory, the exhaustive survey, the catalogue and the analysis of the fragments. These steps inform reconstructions of varied types of funerary monuments, expressing top features of Imperial Roman art. Moreover, based on metrological analysis and on principles of tracing, the study shows that the precinct has been designed and traced on the ground simultaneously with the tracing of the first phase of the medieval church.
Rezumat. Articolul prezintă o descoperire recentă făcută în aşezarea fortificată de tip urban din... more Rezumat. Articolul prezintă o descoperire recentă făcută în aşezarea fortificată de tip urban din intravilanul localităţii Nufăru, localitate situată pe malul drept al braţului Sf. Gheorghe, în com. Nufăru, jud. Tulcea: un edificiu de cult cu necropolă, aparţinând sec. XI-XII. Descoperirile sunt rezultatul unei cercetări cu caracter preventiv desfăşurate pe o proprietate privată (Saşa Ivanov). A fost cercetată o biserică, amplasată în afara zidurilor cetăţii bizantine, în apropierea turnului situat în colţul nord-vestic al acesteia. Edificiul de tip uninavat, cu absidă orientată spre est, se păstrează parţial. A fost înconjurat de un cimitir din care s-au cercetat doar 19 complexe funerare, reprezentate de morminte de inhumaţie, orientate V-E. Bisericuţa reprezintă primul dintre locaşurile de cult descoperite în cetatea bizantină de la Nufăru şi unul dintre puţinele edificii creştine, databile în epoca medio-bizantină, cercetate în Dobrogea până în prezent.
Roşia Montană (County Alba, Romania) is a gold mining site known and exploited since Roman or eve... more Roşia Montană (County Alba, Romania) is a gold mining site known and exploited since Roman or even pre-Roman times until the recent past. Traditional, family- or small group-operated mining has been going on for roughly two millennia, with even farther precedents, and lasted until the 1948 Communist nationalization, making of this place one of the most long-lived traditional mining centres known today. This particular endurance translates into a systematic and profound interrelation between natural setting and cultural phenomena – from deep down into the mountains, all the way to the surface, from topography to fauna and flora and to the human communities of the area, which produced one of the richest and most spectacular cultural landscapes of Romania and possibly of Europe.
In this paper, an overview of the cultural heritage of the site is presented, based on acknowledged or emerging multidisciplinary research and evaluations. Consequently, two currently confronting visions for the development of the site are presented, a large-scale short-term open-cast mining project with already felt damaging effect on the cultural heritage, and the long-term sustainable development based on the rich cultural and natural resources, with a vision for the inscription of the site in the World Heritage List.
The field schools organized by the Association ARA starting with 2007 aim to attack subjects and ... more The field schools organized by the Association ARA starting with 2007 aim to attack subjects and entire fields rarely visited or absent altogether from the Romanian professional landscape, such as the study and protection of architectural-archaeological structures, the conservation of rural vernacular heritage, the social and economic connections of heritage research and conservation. The field schools which took place at Covasna – Cetatea Zânelor (Co. Covasna), Roşia Montană (Co. Alba) and Nufăru (Co. Tulcea) provided the participants with the possibility to come into contact with heritage sequences which are illustrative for the mentioned themes and to experience direct action strategies for the understanding and rescue of these particular categories of vestiges.
"This contribution presents the assessment and motivation prepared and submitted by the authors i... more "This contribution presents the assessment and motivation prepared and submitted by the authors in the name of the Association “Architecture. Restoration. Archaeology” (ARA) to Romania’s Minister for Culture and National Heritage with the request to start the procedures for adding Roşia Montană to Romania’s Tentative List for the World Heritage. The content is organized according to the requirements set by UNESCO in the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention.
On 26th January 2011, The National Commission on Historical Monuments, the advisory body for the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, voted in unanimity to include Roşia Montană on Romania’s Tentative List for the World Heritage. An extended discussion of the built heritage of Roşia Montană is to be published in the following issue of Caiete ARA – ARA Reports, due to appear in spring 2012."
L’article présente une découverte récente provenant de l’établissement fortifié urbain situé sur ... more L’article présente une découverte récente provenant de l’établissement fortifié urbain situé sur le territoire du village de Nufăru: un édifice de culte, avec une nécropole, daté aux XIe-XIIe siècles. Les vestiges proviennent d’une fouille archéologique préventive, déroulée pendant l’année 2008 sur une propriété privée – appartenant à Saşa Ivanov –, englobant le côté Nord-Ouest de la forteresse. Il s’agit d’une église, située en dehors de l’enceinte byzantine, au Nord de la tour du coin Nord-Ouest, composée par une nef et une abside, partiellement conservées. À la proximité sud de l’église, on a fouillé un cimetière, documenté seulement par 19 tombes d’inhumation, orientées Ouest-Est, sans mobilier funéraire (à l’exception de la tombe 1 – une monnaie en bronze du XIe siècle) appartenant à une communauté chrétienne. La petite église constitue le premier édifice de culte découvert dans la forteresse byzantine de Nufăru et un des quelques édifices chrétiens datés à l’époque médio-byzantine découverts dans la zone de la Dobroudja.
Keywords: Haţeg Land, Ostrov, Roman funerary architecture, medieval architecture, enclosure, spol... more Keywords: Haţeg Land, Ostrov, Roman funerary architecture, medieval architecture, enclosure, spolia, migration of Roman lithic material. Abstract: Membra disiecta (part II) continues the analysis of lithic material incorporated in medieval monuments of Haţeg Land (Ţara Haţegului). The subject of this research is a unique, exceptional monument, the precinct enclosure of the medieval church in Ostrov, made mostly of fragments of funerary or commemorative monuments of architectural character taken from the necropolis of the capital of Roman Dacia, Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa. Following a brief account of both the phenomenon of migration of lithic material in Transylvania and the dramatic present state of epigraphic monuments originating in the enclosure and previously published, the study presents the inventory, the exhaustive survey, the catalogue and the analysis of the fragments. These steps inform reconstructions of varied types of funerary monuments, expressing top features of Imperial Roman art. Moreover, based on metrological analysis and on principles of tracing, the study shows that the precinct has been designed and traced on the ground simultaneously with the tracing of the first phase of the medieval church.
Membra disiecta (part II) continues the analysis of lithic material incorporated in medieval monu... more Membra disiecta (part II) continues the analysis of lithic material incorporated in medieval monuments of Haţeg Land (Ţara Haţegului). The subject of this research is a unique, exceptional monument, the precinct enclosure of the medieval church in Ostrov, made mostly of fragments of funerary or commemorative monuments of architectural character taken from the necropolis of the capital of Roman Dacia, Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa. Following a brief account of both the phenomenon of migration of lithic material in Transylvania and the dramatic present state of epigraphic monuments originating in the enclosure and previously published, the study presents the inventory, the exhaustive survey, the catalogue and the analysis of the fragments. These steps inform reconstructions of varied types of funerary monuments, expressing top features of Imperial Roman art. Moreover, based on metrological analysis and on principles of tracing, the study shows that the precinct has been designed and traced on the ground simultaneously with the tracing of the first phase of the medieval church.
Rezumat. Articolul prezintă o descoperire recentă făcută în aşezarea fortificată de tip urban din... more Rezumat. Articolul prezintă o descoperire recentă făcută în aşezarea fortificată de tip urban din intravilanul localităţii Nufăru, localitate situată pe malul drept al braţului Sf. Gheorghe, în com. Nufăru, jud. Tulcea: un edificiu de cult cu necropolă, aparţinând sec. XI-XII. Descoperirile sunt rezultatul unei cercetări cu caracter preventiv desfăşurate pe o proprietate privată (Saşa Ivanov). A fost cercetată o biserică, amplasată în afara zidurilor cetăţii bizantine, în apropierea turnului situat în colţul nord-vestic al acesteia. Edificiul de tip uninavat, cu absidă orientată spre est, se păstrează parţial. A fost înconjurat de un cimitir din care s-au cercetat doar 19 complexe funerare, reprezentate de morminte de inhumaţie, orientate V-E. Bisericuţa reprezintă primul dintre locaşurile de cult descoperite în cetatea bizantină de la Nufăru şi unul dintre puţinele edificii creştine, databile în epoca medio-bizantină, cercetate în Dobrogea până în prezent.
Roşia Montană (County Alba, Romania) is a gold mining site known and exploited since Roman or eve... more Roşia Montană (County Alba, Romania) is a gold mining site known and exploited since Roman or even pre-Roman times until the recent past. Traditional, family- or small group-operated mining has been going on for roughly two millennia, with even farther precedents, and lasted until the 1948 Communist nationalization, making of this place one of the most long-lived traditional mining centres known today. This particular endurance translates into a systematic and profound interrelation between natural setting and cultural phenomena – from deep down into the mountains, all the way to the surface, from topography to fauna and flora and to the human communities of the area, which produced one of the richest and most spectacular cultural landscapes of Romania and possibly of Europe.
In this paper, an overview of the cultural heritage of the site is presented, based on acknowledged or emerging multidisciplinary research and evaluations. Consequently, two currently confronting visions for the development of the site are presented, a large-scale short-term open-cast mining project with already felt damaging effect on the cultural heritage, and the long-term sustainable development based on the rich cultural and natural resources, with a vision for the inscription of the site in the World Heritage List.
The field schools organized by the Association ARA starting with 2007 aim to attack subjects and ... more The field schools organized by the Association ARA starting with 2007 aim to attack subjects and entire fields rarely visited or absent altogether from the Romanian professional landscape, such as the study and protection of architectural-archaeological structures, the conservation of rural vernacular heritage, the social and economic connections of heritage research and conservation. The field schools which took place at Covasna – Cetatea Zânelor (Co. Covasna), Roşia Montană (Co. Alba) and Nufăru (Co. Tulcea) provided the participants with the possibility to come into contact with heritage sequences which are illustrative for the mentioned themes and to experience direct action strategies for the understanding and rescue of these particular categories of vestiges.
"This contribution presents the assessment and motivation prepared and submitted by the authors i... more "This contribution presents the assessment and motivation prepared and submitted by the authors in the name of the Association “Architecture. Restoration. Archaeology” (ARA) to Romania’s Minister for Culture and National Heritage with the request to start the procedures for adding Roşia Montană to Romania’s Tentative List for the World Heritage. The content is organized according to the requirements set by UNESCO in the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention.
On 26th January 2011, The National Commission on Historical Monuments, the advisory body for the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, voted in unanimity to include Roşia Montană on Romania’s Tentative List for the World Heritage. An extended discussion of the built heritage of Roşia Montană is to be published in the following issue of Caiete ARA – ARA Reports, due to appear in spring 2012."
L’article présente une découverte récente provenant de l’établissement fortifié urbain situé sur ... more L’article présente une découverte récente provenant de l’établissement fortifié urbain situé sur le territoire du village de Nufăru: un édifice de culte, avec une nécropole, daté aux XIe-XIIe siècles. Les vestiges proviennent d’une fouille archéologique préventive, déroulée pendant l’année 2008 sur une propriété privée – appartenant à Saşa Ivanov –, englobant le côté Nord-Ouest de la forteresse. Il s’agit d’une église, située en dehors de l’enceinte byzantine, au Nord de la tour du coin Nord-Ouest, composée par une nef et une abside, partiellement conservées. À la proximité sud de l’église, on a fouillé un cimetière, documenté seulement par 19 tombes d’inhumation, orientées Ouest-Est, sans mobilier funéraire (à l’exception de la tombe 1 – une monnaie en bronze du XIe siècle) appartenant à une communauté chrétienne. La petite église constitue le premier édifice de culte découvert dans la forteresse byzantine de Nufăru et un des quelques édifices chrétiens datés à l’époque médio-byzantine découverts dans la zone de la Dobroudja.
Keywords: Haţeg Land, Ostrov, Roman funerary architecture, medieval architecture, enclosure, spol... more Keywords: Haţeg Land, Ostrov, Roman funerary architecture, medieval architecture, enclosure, spolia, migration of Roman lithic material. Abstract: Membra disiecta (part II) continues the analysis of lithic material incorporated in medieval monuments of Haţeg Land (Ţara Haţegului). The subject of this research is a unique, exceptional monument, the precinct enclosure of the medieval church in Ostrov, made mostly of fragments of funerary or commemorative monuments of architectural character taken from the necropolis of the capital of Roman Dacia, Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa. Following a brief account of both the phenomenon of migration of lithic material in Transylvania and the dramatic present state of epigraphic monuments originating in the enclosure and previously published, the study presents the inventory, the exhaustive survey, the catalogue and the analysis of the fragments. These steps inform reconstructions of varied types of funerary monuments, expressing top features of Imperial Roman art. Moreover, based on metrological analysis and on principles of tracing, the study shows that the precinct has been designed and traced on the ground simultaneously with the tracing of the first phase of the medieval church.
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Papers by Ștefan Bâlici
In this paper, an overview of the cultural heritage of the site is presented, based on acknowledged or emerging multidisciplinary research and evaluations. Consequently, two currently confronting visions for the development of the site are presented, a large-scale short-term open-cast mining project with already felt damaging effect on the cultural heritage, and the long-term sustainable development based on the rich cultural and natural resources, with a vision for the inscription of the site in the World Heritage List.
On 26th January 2011, The National Commission on Historical Monuments, the advisory body for the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, voted in unanimity to include Roşia Montană on Romania’s Tentative List for the World Heritage. An extended discussion of the built heritage of Roşia Montană is to be published in the following issue of Caiete ARA – ARA Reports, due to appear in spring 2012."
Books by Ștefan Bâlici
In this paper, an overview of the cultural heritage of the site is presented, based on acknowledged or emerging multidisciplinary research and evaluations. Consequently, two currently confronting visions for the development of the site are presented, a large-scale short-term open-cast mining project with already felt damaging effect on the cultural heritage, and the long-term sustainable development based on the rich cultural and natural resources, with a vision for the inscription of the site in the World Heritage List.
On 26th January 2011, The National Commission on Historical Monuments, the advisory body for the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, voted in unanimity to include Roşia Montană on Romania’s Tentative List for the World Heritage. An extended discussion of the built heritage of Roşia Montană is to be published in the following issue of Caiete ARA – ARA Reports, due to appear in spring 2012."