MBA, Edinburgh Business School

SUMMARY1. Monensin was given orally to female rats at two dose levels (1.75 and 3.50 mg/kg body weight) over the period of 9‐17 days of pregnancy where organogenesis of fetuses occur. The dams were killed on the nineteenth day of gestation and their fetuses were subjected to morphological, visceral and skeletal examination. The small dose of monensin increased the number of resorbed and dead fetuses and induced marked retardation in growth of viable fetuses, but visceral or skeletal defects in these fetuses were not seen. Large doses produced fetal resorption in all dams and no viable fetuses were delivered.2. Prolonged oral administration of monensin in male rats for 60 successive days at two dose levels, decreased the conception rate in non‐treated females (mated with treated males) to 33.3% and 0% for the small and large doses, respectively. Both doses markedly decreased the weights of testicles, epididymides and seminal vesicles. The small dose of monensin caused oligospermia, w...

Optical properties of metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy grown InAs quantum dots in GaAs covered by thin In x Ga 1−x As strain reducing layer were studied by photomodulated reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Results show that the increasing In content in the strain reducing layer shifts the luminescence of quantum dots from 1.25 to 1.46 m and narrows the photoluminescence linewidth. To interpret photoluminescence data, we developed a simulation model of our quantum dot structure, which was calibrated using results of atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence and photoreflectance measurements. Simulations have shown that the strong photoluminescence red shift is caused both by the change of the band structure and the height of quantum dots which is significantly increasing when the In content in the strain reducing layer grows.

This work investigates two silicon (Si) photodiodes (PDs) fabricated in 40 nm standard CMOS technology. The basic structure of the proposed Si PD is formed by N+/P-substrate and N-well/P-substrate diodes. The N+/P-substrate PD demonstrates a responsivity of 0.09 A/W and an electrical bandwidth of 3 GHz for 8 V reverse bias at 520 nm. The N-well/P-substrate PD demonstrates a responsivity of 0.24A/W and an electrical bandwidth of 1.2 GHz for 14.8 V reverse bias at 660 nm. For 520 nm, the N-well/P-substrate PD shows a responsivity of 0.18A/W and an electrical bandwidth of 3.0 GHz for 14.8 V reverse bias.

In this paper, a study of nonlinear stratified rotating fluids is introduced with the shallow-water theory. The mathematical model for two layers of perfect fluids in a rotating circular cylinder is given as well. A distortion for shallow water and slowly rotating fluids is established. A detailed study of the particular case for progressive waves on both layers is presented and the analytical solution has been obtained; this solution is believed to be new.

The main speed limitations of standard nanometer CMOS photodiodes are coming from the substrate slow carriers diffusion. Also the capacitance of the photodiode is increasing with technology scaling as the doping is increasing. The PD capacitance must be as low as possible to reduce the high frequency loss of the photocurrent to reach highest possible sensitivity. These demands are partially conflicting; so a trade-off is necessary, especially due to the wavelength dependence of the penetration depth. Many photodiode structures are recently introduced to increase the photodiode intrinsic speed in nanometer CMOS technology. In this paper a theoretical and comparative study for different recently published photodiodes structures fabricated in nanometre CMOS technology will be presented. This paper gives the researchers a detailed comparison and analysis to select the right photodiode to achieve the best performance in challenging nanometre CMOS technology.

Through this paper we aim to measure a distance using an optical signal. The distance measurement is based on the time of the flight (TOF) method via correlation technique. A method of stretching the time scale is used to decrease the operating frequency. A proof of concept using Matlab results in a distance resolution less than 17mm. The algorithm is implemented on a standalone cheap digital signal controller and the measured results show high accuracy comparable to the simulated one. The optical transmitters and optical receivers are implemented using off shelf components.

This study was to investigate the influence of pre-sowing treatment of Anethum graveolens L. seeds, consisted in irradiation with gamma radiation (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 k-rd doses) with or without zinc (150 ppm), on the oil content and oil composition of plants during vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages. Spraying dill plants with zinc increased the oil content. Generally increasing gamma rays doses increased essential oil. However interaction treatment between zinc and gamma radiation at 8 k-rad dose recorded the highest values of essential oil in vegetative and fruiting stages, while interaction between zinc and gamma radiation at 2 k-rad dose recorded the highest essential oil in flowering stage. The major compounds were found to be Į-phellandrene, limonene, β-phellandrene and p-cymene in the vegetative stage, p-cymene, carvone, dillether and dillapiole in the flowering stage, whereas, carvone, dillapiole and limonene in the fruiting stage.

This paper introduces a sensing and stimulation system to transfer the electromyogram (EMG) signal from one limb to another, aiming to enable self-electro-physical therapy. The presented technique depends on sensing EMG signal from one limb muscle and, simultaneously, stimulating the corresponding muscle in the other limb by this signal. The technique has been implemented on a standalone cheap microcontroller. The sensing and stimulating circuits have been implemented using off-shelf components. The delivery of the stimulating signal has been done noninvasively through surface electrodes.

A Considerable research work has investigated the behavior and strength of deep beams with transverse openings. However, the focus was mainly on deep beams with rectangular sections, while no experimental data are available on the behavior of flanged deep beams. As result, most design codes and guidelines neglect the effect of flange on the strength and stiffness of deep beams with openings. This study aims to enrich the literature by reporting the experimental data of sixteen deep beams: twelve with flanged section (with or without opening) and four reference beams with rectangular section. The shear span to depth ratio (a/d) was 1.10. The openings in the beams' web had a constant depth (120 mm) and varied lengths (120 mm, 240 mm, and 360 mm). The effect of flange on the strength, stiffness, and deformation capacity of the tested beams was assessed. The results were analyzed in terms of cracking pattern, mode of failure, load-deflection behavior, deformations distribution, and strains in reinforcement. Prediction of the experimentally obtained behavior using finite element model was introduced. Assessment of ultimate strengths based on the available design equations and analytical models was also discussed. The test results clearly showed that the flange resulted in a significant gain in the strength and stiffness that cannot be ignored in the design. The FEA was shown to provide a reasonably accurate estimation of the experimental behavior for the tested beams. With the assumptions made herein, the modified compression field theory (MCFT) prediction was the closest to the experimental results.

Cichorium intybus L. "Chicory" is an edible plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae, growing in Europe, India, and Egypt. The plant contains several medicinally important compounds such as coumarins, flavonoids, and vitamins and used in traditional medicine as an antihepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, liver tonic, cholagogue, diuretic and also is used as a tonic and anticancer agent (Liu et al., 2013;

Egypt plays an important role in the consuming markets for tires all over the world. There is an urgent need to get rid of them in an economic and environmental way since it is considered as a harmful waste if burnt. The World trend is directed towards the improvement of new techniques to insert the rubber into useful products to maximize the benefit of recycling. This research deals with the expansion of novel techniques for rubber powder recycling for various purposes in a robust construction. Recycled rubber particles (RRP) are mixed with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) using various water to binder ratio (W/B) at 0.3 and 0.4. The Fourier transform – infrared (FT-IR) spectra is measured for RRP. The compressive strength (C.S) is investigated for the rubberized cement pastes at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The results aimed to enhance the compressive strength of rubberized cement pastes through improving the bonding strength between RRP and OPC by using fine particles of RRP. Maintaini...

A low-power, high-gain, and low-noise analog front-end (AFE) for wearable photoplethysmography (PPG) acquisition systems is designed and fabricated in a 0.35 μm CMOS process. A high transimpedance gain of 142 dBΩ and a low input-referred noise of only 64.2 pArms was achieved. A Sub-Hz filter was integrated using a pseudo resistor, resulting in a small silicon area. To mitigate the saturation problem caused by background light (BGL), a BGL cancellation loop and a new simple automatic gain control block are used to enhance the dynamic range and improve the linearity of the AFE. The measurement results show that a DC photocurrent component up-to-10 μA can be rejected and the PPG output swing can reach 1.42 Vpp at THD < 1%. The chip consumes a total power of 14.85 μW using a single 3.3-V power supply. In this work, the small area and efficiently integrated blocks were used to implement the PPG AFE and the silicon area is minimized to 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm.

In this article, we present a new photocurrent sensory circuit with a three-transistor background light cancellation. We describe our innovative photocurrent sensor-based blood pressure measuring device using a resistor-based current-to-voltage converter with a background light cancellation (BLC) loop. The photocurrent sensor is implemented using 0.35 μm standard CMOS technology and has zero average power consumption. The post-layout simulation for the photocurrent sensor shows a 1.3 MΩ transimpedance gain, a referred input noise current of 11 pA, and can reject a DC photocurrent up to 200 μA. This high DC rejection has been achieved due to the newly proposed multi-transistor BLC loop integrated with the sensor.

Background: Implant soft tissue dehiscence is a frequently reported esthetic complication, that more often than not affects the functional integrity of the dental implant with eventual loss of osteointegration. Many treatment modalities with different success rates have been proposed aiming to solve this complication or prolong the survival of the dental implant, of which are guided bone regeneration and soft tissue regeneration around the affected implants. Material and Methods: This prospective study was carried in the hospital of Future University. 11 Patients (1 Male – 10 Females) with 20 Maxillary implant sites demonstrating soft tissue dehiscence were randomly allocated to either a guided bone regeneration (GBR) group (Control) in which patients received a mixture of autogenous and xenogeneic bone graft substitute covered by a native collagen membrane fixated with titanium tacks over the affected implants or a connective tissue graft and coronal flap advancement (CTG + CAF) gr...