THIS README IS FOR THE MASTER BRANCH AND REFLECTS THE WORK CURRENTLY EXISTING ON THE MASTER BRANCH. IF YOU ARE WISHING TO USE A NON-MASTER BRANCH OF EXCEPTION NOTIFICATION, PLEASE CONSULT THAT BRANCH'S README AND NOT THIS ONE.

The Exception Notification gem provides a set of notifiers for sending notifications when errors occur in a Rack/Rails application.

The built-in notifiers can deliver notifications by email, campfire rooms or via webhooks.

There's a great Railscast about Exception Notification you can see that may help you getting started.

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• Ruby 1.9.3 or greater
• Rails 3.1 or greater, Sinatra or another Rack-based application.

For previous releases, please checkout this.

Add the following line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'exception_notification'

As of Rails 3 ExceptionNotification is used as a rack middleware, or in the environment you want it to run. In most cases you would want ExceptionNotification to run on production. Thus, you can make it work by putting the following lines in your config/environments/production.rb:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  }

Note: In order to enable delivery notifications by email make sure you have ActionMailer configured.

In order to use ExceptionNotification with Sinatra, please take a look in the example application.

As of 4.x version the configuration syntax has changed. All email related options MUST BE nested under the :email key. Thus, previous configuration like:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotifier,
  :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
  :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
  :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}

becomes:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  }

Beside that, the rack middleware was renamed to ExceptionNotification::Rack.

ExceptionNotification relies on notifiers to deliver notifications when errors occur in your applications. By default, three notifiers are available: email notifier, campfire notifier and webhook notifier. But, you also can easily implement your own custom notifier.

The Email notifier sends notifications by email. The notifications/emails sent includes information about the current request, session, and environment, and also gives a backtrace of the exception.

After an exception notification has been delivered the rack environment variable 'exception_notifier.delivered' will be set to true.

For the email to be sent, there must be a default ActionMailer delivery_method setting configured. If you do not have one, you can use the following code (assuming your app server machine has sendmail). Depending on the environment you want ExceptionNotification to run in, put the following code in your config/environments/production.rb and/or config/environments/development.rb:

config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :sendmail
# Defaults to:
# config.action_mailer.sendmail_settings = {
#   :location => '/usr/sbin/sendmail',
#   :arguments => '-i -t'
# }
config.action_mailer.perform_deliveries = true
config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true

String, default: %("Exception Notifier" [email protected])

Who the message is from.

String/Array of strings, default: []

Who the message is destined for, can be a string of addresses, or an array of addresses.

String, default: [ERROR]

The subject's prefix of the message.

Array of strings, default: %w(request session environment backtrace)

By default, the notification email includes four parts: request, session, environment, and backtrace (in that order). You can customize how each of those sections are rendered by placing a partial named for that part in your app/views/exception_notifier directory (e.g., _session.rhtml). Each partial has access to the following variables:

@kontroller     # the controller that caused the error
@request        # the current request object
@exception      # the exception that was raised
@backtrace      # a sanitized version of the exception's backtrace
@data           # a hash of optional data values that were passed to the notifier
@sections       # the array of sections to include in the email

You can reorder the sections, or exclude sections completely, by using sections option. You can even add new sections that describe application-specific data--just add the section's name to the list (wherever you'd like), and define the corresponding partial. Like the following example with two new added sections:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]},
    :sections => %w{my_section1 my_section2}
  }

Place your custom sections under ./app/views/exception_notifier/ with the suffix .text.erb, e.g. ./app/views/exception_notifier/_my_section1.text.erb.

If your new section requires information that isn't available by default, make sure it is made available to the email using the exception_data macro:

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  before_filter :log_additional_data
  ...
  protected
    def log_additional_data
      request.env["exception_notifier.exception_data"] = {
        :document => @document,
        :person => @person
      }
    end
  ...
end

In the above case, @document and @person would be made available to the email renderer, allowing your new section(s) to access and display them. See the existing sections defined by the plugin for examples of how to write your own.

Array of strings, default: %w(backtrace data)

When using background notifications some variables are not available in the views, like @kontroller and @request. Thus, you may want to include different sections for background notifications:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]},
    :background_sections => %w{my_section1 my_section2 backtrace data}
  }

Hash of strings, default: {}

Additionally, you may want to set customized headers on the outcoming emails. To do so, simply use the :email_headers option:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix         => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address       => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]},
    :email_headers        => { "X-Custom-Header" => "foobar" }
  }

Boolean, default: true

If enabled, include the exception message in the subject. Use :verbose_subject => false to exclude it.

Boolean, default: false

If enabled, remove numbers from subject so they thread as a single one. Use :normalize_subject => true to enable it.

Symbol, default: :text

By default, ExceptionNotification sends emails in plain text, in order to sends multipart notifications (aka HTML emails) use :email_format => :html.

Symbol, default: :smtp

By default, ExceptionNotification sends emails using the ActionMailer configuration of the application. In order to send emails by another delivery method, use the delivery_method option:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix         => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address       => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]},
    :delivery_method => :postmark,
    :postmark_settings => {
      :api_key => ENV["POSTMARK_API_KEY"]
    }
  }

Besides the delivery_method option, you also can customize the mailer settings by passing a hash under an option named DELIVERY_METHOD_settings. Thus, you can use override specific SMTP settings for notifications using:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix         => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address       => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]},
    :delivery_method => :smtp,
    :smtp_settings => {
      :user_name => "bob",
      :password => "password",
    }
  }

A complete list of smtp_settings options can be found in the ActionMailer Configuration documentation.

String, default: ActionMailer::Base

The parent mailer which ExceptionNotification mailer inherit from.

This notifier sends notifications to your Campfire room.

Just add the tinder gem to your Gemfile:

gem 'tinder'

To configure it, you need to set the subdomain, token and room_name options, like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :campfire => {
    :subdomain => 'my_subdomain',
    :token => 'my_token',
    :room_name => 'my_room'
  }

String, required

Your subdomain at Campfire.

String, required

The Campfire room where the notifications must be published to.

String, required

The API token to allow access to your Campfire account.

For more options to set Campfire, like ssl, check here.

This notifier sends notifications to your Hipchat room.

Just add the hipchat gem to your Gemfile:

gem 'hipchat'

To configure it, you need to set the token and room_name options, like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :hipchat => {
    :api_token => 'my_token',
    :room_name => 'my_room'
  }

String, required

The HipChat room where the notifications must be published to.

String, required

The API token to allow access to your HipChat account.

Boolean, optional

Notify users. Default : false.

String, optional

Color of the message. Default : 'red'.

String, optional, maximum length : 15

Message will appear from this nickname. Default : 'Exception'.

For all options & possible values see Hipchat API.

This notifier ships notifications over the HTTP protocol.

Just add the HTTParty gem to your Gemfile:

gem 'httparty'

To configure it, you need to set the url option, like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :webhook => {
    :url => 'http://domain.com:5555/hubot/path'
  }

By default, the WebhookNotifier will call the URLs using the POST method. But, you can change this using the http_method option.

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :webhook => {
    :url => 'http://domain.com:5555/hubot/path',
    :http_method => :get
  }

Besides the url and http_method options, all the other options are passed directly to HTTParty. Thus, if the HTTP server requires authentication, you can include the following options:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :webhook => {
    :url => 'http://domain.com:5555/hubot/path',
    :basic_auth => {
      :username => 'alice',
      :password => 'password'
    }
  }

For more HTTParty options, check out the documentation.

This notifier sends notifications to an IRC channel using the carrier-pigeon gem.

Just add the carrier-pigeon gem to your Gemfile:

gem 'carrier-pigeon'

To configure it, you need to set at least the 'domain' option, like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :irc => {
    :domain => 'irc.example.com'
  }

There are several other options, which are described below. For example, to use ssl and a password, add a prefix, post to the '#log' channel, and include recipients in the message (so that they will be notified), your configuration might look like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :irc => {
    :domain => 'irc.example.com',
    :nick => 'BadNewsBot',
    :password => 'secret',
    :port => 6697,
    :channel => '#log',
    :ssl => true,
    :prefix => '[Exception Notification]',
    :recipients => ['peter', 'michael', 'samir']
  }

String, required

The domain name of your IRC server.

String, optional

The message will appear from this nick. Default : 'ExceptionNotifierBot'.

String, optional

Password for your IRC server.

String, optional

Port your IRC server is listening on. Default : 6667.

String, optional

Message will appear in this channel. Default : '#log'.

Boolean, optional

Send a notice. Default : false.

Boolean, optional

Whether to use SSL. Default : false.

Boolean, optional

Join a channel. Default : false.

Array of strings, optional

Nicks to include in the message. Default: []

This notifier sends notifications to a slack channel using the slack-notifier gem.

Just add the slack-notifier gem to your Gemfile:

gem 'slack-notifier'

To configure it, you need to set at least the 'team' and 'token' options, like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :slack => {
    :team => "myteam",
    :token => "secret-token",
    :channel => "#exceptions"
  }

String, required

The name of your team on slack.

String, required

The API token to access your slack team's account.

String, optional

Message will appear in this channel. Defaults to the channel you set as such on slack.

String, optional

Username of the bot. Default: 'ExceptionNotifierBot'.

String, optional

Custom hook name. See slack-notifier for more information. Default: 'incoming-webhook'

Simply put, notifiers are objects which respond to #call(exception, options) method. Thus, a lambda can be used as a notifier as follow:

ExceptionNotifier.add_notifier :custom_notifier_name,
  ->(exception, options) { puts "Something goes wrong: #{exception.message}"}

More advanced users or third-party framework developers, also can create notifiers to be shipped in gems and take advantage of ExceptionNotification's Notifier API to standardize the various solutions out there. For this, beyond the #call(exception, options) method, the notifier class MUST BE defined under the ExceptionNotifier namespace and its name sufixed by Notifier, e.g: ExceptionNotifier::SimpleNotifier.

Define the custom notifier:

module ExceptionNotifier
  class SimpleNotifier
    def initialize(options)
      # do something with the options...
    end

    def call(exception, options={})
      # send the notification
    end
  end
end

Using it:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  },
  :simple => {
    # simple notifier options
  }

You can choose to ignore certain exceptions, which will make ExceptionNotification avoid sending notifications for those specified. There are three ways of specifying which exceptions to ignore:

• :ignore_exceptions - By exception class (i.e. ignore RecordNotFound ones)

• :ignore_crawlers - From crawler (i.e. ignore ones originated by Googlebot)

• :ignore_if - Custom (i.e. ignore exceptions that satisfy some condition)

Array of strings, default: %w{ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound AbstractController::ActionNotFound ActionController::RoutingError ActionController::UnknownFormat}

Ignore specified exception types. To achieve that, you should use the :ignore_exceptions option, like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :ignore_exceptions => ['ActionView::TemplateError'] + ExceptionNotifier.ignored_exceptions,
  :email => {
    :email_prefix         => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address       => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  }

The above will make ExceptionNotifier ignore a TemplateError exception, plus the ones ignored by default.

Array of strings, default: []

In some cases you may want to avoid getting notifications from exceptions made by crawlers. To prevent sending those unwanted notifications, use the :ignore_crawlers option like this:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :ignore_crawlers => %w{Googlebot bingbot},
  :email => {
    :email_prefix         => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address       => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]}
  }

Lambda, default: nil

Last but not least, you can ignore exceptions based on a condition. Take a look:

Whatever::Application.config.middleware.use ExceptionNotification::Rack,
  :ignore_if => ->(env, exception) { exception.message =~ /^Couldn't find Page with ID=/ },
  :email => {
    :email_prefix         => "[Whatever] ",
    :sender_address       => %{"notifier" <[email protected]>},
    :exception_recipients => %w{[email protected]},
  }

You can make use of both the environment and the exception inside the lambda to decide wether to avoid or not sending the notification.

If you want to send notifications from a background process like DelayedJob, you should use the notify_exception method like this:

begin
  some code...
rescue => e
  ExceptionNotifier.notify_exception(e)
end

You can include information about the background process that created the error by including a data parameter:

begin
  some code...
rescue => exception
  ExceptionNotifier.notify_exception(exception,
    :data => {:worker => worker.to_s, :queue => queue, :payload => payload})
end

If your controller action manually handles an error, the notifier will never be run. To manually notify of an error you can do something like the following:

rescue_from Exception, :with => :server_error

def server_error(exception)
  # Whatever code that handles the exception

  ExceptionNotifier.notify_exception(exception,
    :env => request.env, :data => {:message => "was doing something wrong"})
end

Since his first version, ExceptionNotification was just a simple rack middleware. But, the version 4.0.0 introduced the option to use it as a Rails engine. In order to use ExceptionNotification as an engine, just run the following command from the terminal:

rails g exception_notification:install

This command generates an initialize file (config/initializers/exception_notification.rb) where you can customize your configurations.

Instead of manually calling background notifications foreach job/worker, you can configure ExceptionNotification to do this automatically. For this, run:

rails g exception_notification:install --resque

or

rails g exception_notification:install --sidekiq

For v4.0.1, see this tag:

http://github.com/smartinez87/exception_notification/tree/v4.0.1

For v4.0.0, see this tag:

http://github.com/smartinez87/exception_notification/tree/v4.0.0

For v3.0.1, see this tag:

http://github.com/smartinez87/exception_notification/tree/v3.0.1

For v3.0.0, see this tag:

http://github.com/smartinez87/exception_notification/tree/v3.0.0

For previous releases, visit:

https://github.com/smartinez87/exception_notification/tags

If you are running Rails 2.3 then see the branch for that:

http://github.com/smartinez87/exception_notification/tree/2-3-stable

If you are running pre-rack Rails then see this tag:

http://github.com/smartinez87/exception_notification/tree/pre-2-3

Here's the list of issues we're currently working on.

To contribute, please read first the Contributing Guide.

Copyright (c) 2005 Jamis Buck, released under the MIT license.