Samuel Aro

Federal University of Technology Akure, Animal production and health, Faculty Member

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I am a reseacher cum University Lecturer with special interest in the field of Animal Physiology and Reproduction. My research efforts have been so much concentrated on the utilization of cassava tuber wastes as alternative feed resourses to replace the costly conventional feedstuff like maize, guinea corn and millet in livestock nutrition. Considering the anti-nutritional factors in cassava tuber wastes products like cyanide, I have thus made foray into the field of reproductive toxicology to assess the impact of residual cyanide in the cassava tuber wastes on the reproductive performance of livestock (pigs, poultry and rabbits) fed the cassava tuber waste products which I developed. I have also considered the influence of the environment on the physiology of farm animals especially the oppressive heat stress that is the lot of tropical livestock. This has made me research into many methods of ameliorating the impact of heat stress on farm animals. My research also include the effect of feeding unfermented, naturally fermented and microbe-fermented cassava tuber wastes on haematology, osmotic fragility, viscosity and biochemical indices of various farm animals. Steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis and embryology are other areas of my reseach.

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Papers by Samuel Aro

Effect of Battery and Furnished Cages on Blood Viscosity and Erythrocyte Osmotic Stability of Laying Hens

International journal of innovative research and development, Dec 31, 2022

Evaluation of the nutritive values of the leaves of three common trees in Landmark University as potential feed resources in poultry

2023 International Conference on Science, Engineering and Business for Sustainable Development Goals (SEB-SDG)

Cheaper Alternative Feedstuffs for Sustainable Cockerel Production: An Admixture of Rural-Urban Resources and Preferences

Introduction Integration of livestock and crop residue allow resources to be recycled more effect... more Introduction Integration of livestock and crop residue allow resources to be recycled more effectively in livestock production enterprise. Large quantities of crop residues generated from private and government farms in Nigeria are wasted every year. Some are left to rot in the field while most are burnt off to create space for further accumulation of wastes. Research efforts into the utilization of these wastes have revealed a lot of potentials that could be tapped if they are incorporated into livestock diets (Aro et al., 2012). Also, a form of social equilibrium within the rural and urban settings is achievable by this livestock-crop residue integration. This has been conceptualised as a three way cyclic process: the rural farmers produce the crops; the agro-allied industries process these crops and generate wastes as a result while the livestock sector coverts these wastes by way of value addition to livestock feed ingredients (Aro, 2010). A win-win situation could therefore be ...

Influence of time of feeding on dam performance prepartum and postpartum and its impact on its kids

Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 2021

Background This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of time of feeding on the performance ... more Background This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of time of feeding on the performance of WAD goats during pregnancy, and to assess how the time of feeding of the dam affect the growth of their kids’ postpartum. Twelve (12) pregnant does were used in the pre-partum and in the postpartum, the same 12 lactating does and their 12 kids (1 kid per doe) were used. The dams were randomly distributed into three treatments and were fed once daily either in the morning, noon, or evening at 0600 h, 12:00 h and 18:00 h respectively under the natural light–dark cycle. Result Serum creatinine in noon-fed does was higher (P = 0.005) than in morning and evening-fed does. In addition, low density lipoprotein in morning-fed gravid does was the high (P = 0.007) compared to noon-fed does while the evening-fed does had the lowest. During postpartum, morning and noon-fed dams consumed more feed (forage, concentrate, and total daily feed intake) than evening-fed dams (P ≤ 0.006). Kid weight of m...

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Enhancement of Nutritive Value of Cassava Stumps by Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 in Solid State

Journal of Animal Health and Production

CARCASS INDICES AND MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKENS FED DIETS CONTAINING FORTIFIED FERMENTED CASSAVA STUMP

by FUNMILAYO A . OKENIYI, Samuel Aro, and Razaq A . Animashahun

A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets c... more A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets containing fortified fermented cassava stump (FFCS) as a replacement for maize. Cassava stumps and leaves were fermented in the solid state at room temperature, using Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 for 192 and 96 hours, respectively, and then mixed at a ratio of 19:1 to obtain the FFCS. The birds were allotted into four treatments with three replicates (n= 30). The treatments consisted of different inclusion levels of FFCS: Diet 1 containing 0% FFCS (control treatment); Diet 2 containing 20% FFCS; Diet 3 containing 40% FFCS; and Diet 4 containing 60% FFCS. Dressing and eviscerated percentages were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in birds fed the diets with up to 40% FFCS. The carcass yield was not significantly influenced (p > 0.05) by the inclusion of FFCS, but values obtained were higher with up to 40%. Meat quality was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by the FFCS. In addition, the degree of meat peroxidation decreased with increased FFCS levels. Diets with up to 40% FFCS inclusion resulted in improved carcass traits, oxidative stability, and meat quality. Therefore, the addition of fortified cassava stump in broiler chickens' diets could produce meat of better quality, with low peroxidation, high oxidative stability, and longer shelf-life.

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Carcass Indices and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Fortified Fermented Cassava Stump

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences

A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets c... more A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets containing fortified fermented cassava stump (FFCS) as a replacement for maize. Cassava stumps and leaves were fermented in the solid state at room temperature, using Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 for 192 and 96 hours, respectively, and then mixed at a ratio of 19:1 to obtain the FFCS. The birds were allotted into four treatments with three replicates (n= 30). The treatments consisted of different inclusion levels of FFCS: Diet 1 containing 0% FFCS (control treatment); Diet 2 containing 20% FFCS; Diet 3 containing 40% FFCS; and Diet 4 containing 60% FFCS. Dressing and eviscerated percentages were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in birds fed the diets with up to 40% FFCS. The carcass yield was not significantly influenced (p &gt; 0.05) by the inclusion of FFCS, but values obtained were higher with up to 40%. Meat quality was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) influenced by the FFCS. In addition, the degree of meat peroxidation decreased with increased FFCS levels. Diets with up to 40% FFCS inclusion resulted in improved carcass traits, oxidative stability, and meat quality. Therefore, the addition of fortified cassava stump in broiler chickens’ diets could produce meat of better quality, with low peroxidation, high oxidative stability, and longer shelf-life.

Carcass Indices and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Fortified Fermented Cassava Stump

by Razaq A . Animashahun, Samuel Aro, and FUNMILAYO A . OKENIYI

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences, 2022

A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets c... more A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets containing fortified fermented cassava stump (FFCS) as a replacement for maize. Cassava stumps and leaves were fermented in the solid state at room temperature, using Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 for 192 and 96 hours, respectively, and then mixed at a ratio of 19:1 to obtain the FFCS. The birds were allotted into four treatments with three replicates (n= 30). The treatments consisted of different inclusion levels of FFCS: Diet 1 containing 0% FFCS (control treatment); Diet 2 containing 20% FFCS; Diet 3 containing 40% FFCS; and Diet 4 containing 60% FFCS. Dressing and eviscerated percentages were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in birds fed the diets with up to 40% FFCS. The carcass yield was not significantly influenced (p > 0.05) by the inclusion of FFCS, but values obtained were higher with up to 40%. Meat quality was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by the FFCS. In addition, the degree of meat peroxidation decreased with increased FFCS levels. Diets with up to 40% FFCS inclusion resulted in improved carcass traits, oxidative stability, and meat quality. Therefore, the addition of fortified cassava stump in broiler chickens’ diets could produce meat of better quality, with low peroxidation, high oxidative stability, and longer shelf-life.

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Microbial conversion and biovalorization of fermented cassava waste biomass into livestock-based diets

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, Mar 29, 2022

Effect of Microbial-Fermented Cassava Wastes as Dietary Replacement for Ground maize on Cockerel Production

Waste and Biomass Valorization

Impact of varied time of feeding on the lactation and growth performance of West African Dwarf goat

Tropical Animal Health and Production

Fasuyi, A. O., Fajemilehin, S. O. K. and Aro, S. O. (2005). Nutritional potentials of Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) leaf meal (SWLM) on laying hens: Biochemical and haematological implications. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 4(5): 336-341

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition

The effects of social groups on reproductive performance of Wistar rats. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences

Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences

Aro, S. O. and Tewe, O. O. (2007). Performance and carcass yield of barrows fed dried poultry waste (DPW) as a replacement for palm kernel cake (PKC). African Journal of Biotechnology. 6(4): 487-492

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Potentials of Chromolaena odorata leaf meal as egg yolk colourant for laying hens. Livestock Research for Rural Development. www.lrrd.org/lrrd21/10/aro2110cit.htm, Volume 21, Article#171

Livestock Research for Rural Development

Aro, S. O., Agbede, J. O. and Aletor, V. A. (2010). Energy values of cassava tuber by-products fermented naturally and through a consortium of micro-organisms. Biotechnology Development and threat of Climate Change in Africa: The Case of Nigeria. Cuvillier Verlag Gottingen. 2010. Vol. 1. Pp.133-139

Improvement in the nutritive quality of cassava and its by-products through microbial fermentation

African Journal of Biotechnology, 2010

A review of the extent of fermentation of cassava and its by-products was made in order to highli... more A review of the extent of fermentation of cassava and its by-products was made in order to highlight the role played by fermentation on the bio-conversion of cassava and cassava by-products for improved nutrient quality. The reasons for cassava products fermentation mentioned were synonymous with the reasons canvassed generally for embarking on fermentation which include among others: biological enrichment of the substrate in terms of protein, vitamins, essential amino acids and essential fatty acids; impartation of good aroma, flavour and texture; preservation of the fermented products and decrease in cooking time and fuel requirement. The choice of the fermentation methods that have been employed was the next topic of this article with a dividing line drawn between the two most popular fermentation methods -submerged/liquid substrate fermentation and solid substrate fermentation in which the balance is greatly tilted in favour of the latter, especially in the developing countries because of its relatively low cost, ease of adaptability of local conditions and technologies, little or no effluent generation and a much reduced rate of environmental pollution. The array of some cassava products that have been fermented with their varied rate of success in terms of nutrient enhancement from diverse cultures and background together with animal trials conducted to validate the in vitro nutrient enhancement of these products was also highlighted.

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The Use of Microbial Biotechnology in Value Addition to Cassava Wastes as Feed for Pigs: Prospects and Challenges

Advances in Microbiology, 2015

Chromolaena odorata in livestock nutrition

Magnesium, 2009

This paper seeks to review the nutritional values of Chromolaena odorata (C.O.), an erstwhile obn... more This paper seeks to review the nutritional values of Chromolaena odorata (C.O.), an erstwhile obnoxious plant. The food and medicinal values of this plant, aside from its agronomic importance were mentioned as part of the introductory pieces of information on its use in livestock production. The plant has assumed an enigmatic status of sort, to the herbalists, the agronomists and the livestock nutritionists alike, but recent research efforts as reviewed in this article, such as its use in the formulation of layers diets, its influence on performance, nutrient digestibility, mineral utilization, blood and biochemical indices of monogastrics as well as its acceptance and high preference score recorded on the West African dwarf goats are quickly changing the perception of the plant as a noxious weed to one of immense medicinal and nutritional potentials only waiting for mankind to continue to tap and benefit from.

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Nutritional Potentials of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaf Meal (SWLM) on Laying Hens: Biochemical and Haematological Implications

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2005

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 4 (5): 336-341, 2005 ISSN 1680-5194 © Asian Network for Scientific ... more

Effect of Battery and Furnished Cages on Blood Viscosity and Erythrocyte Osmotic Stability of Laying Hens

International journal of innovative research and development, Dec 31, 2022

Evaluation of the nutritive values of the leaves of three common trees in Landmark University as potential feed resources in poultry

2023 International Conference on Science, Engineering and Business for Sustainable Development Goals (SEB-SDG)

Cheaper Alternative Feedstuffs for Sustainable Cockerel Production: An Admixture of Rural-Urban Resources and Preferences

Influence of time of feeding on dam performance prepartum and postpartum and its impact on its kids

Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 2021

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Enhancement of Nutritive Value of Cassava Stumps by Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 in Solid State

Journal of Animal Health and Production

CARCASS INDICES AND MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKENS FED DIETS CONTAINING FORTIFIED FERMENTED CASSAVA STUMP

by FUNMILAYO A . OKENIYI, Samuel Aro, and Razaq A . Animashahun

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Carcass Indices and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Fortified Fermented Cassava Stump

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences

A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets c... more A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets containing fortified fermented cassava stump (FFCS) as a replacement for maize. Cassava stumps and leaves were fermented in the solid state at room temperature, using Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 for 192 and 96 hours, respectively, and then mixed at a ratio of 19:1 to obtain the FFCS. The birds were allotted into four treatments with three replicates (n= 30). The treatments consisted of different inclusion levels of FFCS: Diet 1 containing 0% FFCS (control treatment); Diet 2 containing 20% FFCS; Diet 3 containing 40% FFCS; and Diet 4 containing 60% FFCS. Dressing and eviscerated percentages were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in birds fed the diets with up to 40% FFCS. The carcass yield was not significantly influenced (p &gt; 0.05) by the inclusion of FFCS, but values obtained were higher with up to 40%. Meat quality was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) influenced by the FFCS. In addition, the degree of meat peroxidation decreased with increased FFCS levels. Diets with up to 40% FFCS inclusion resulted in improved carcass traits, oxidative stability, and meat quality. Therefore, the addition of fortified cassava stump in broiler chickens’ diets could produce meat of better quality, with low peroxidation, high oxidative stability, and longer shelf-life.

Carcass Indices and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Fortified Fermented Cassava Stump

by Razaq A . Animashahun, Samuel Aro, and FUNMILAYO A . OKENIYI

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences, 2022

A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets c... more A 56-day study was conducted to evaluate carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets containing fortified fermented cassava stump (FFCS) as a replacement for maize. Cassava stumps and leaves were fermented in the solid state at room temperature, using Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 for 192 and 96 hours, respectively, and then mixed at a ratio of 19:1 to obtain the FFCS. The birds were allotted into four treatments with three replicates (n= 30). The treatments consisted of different inclusion levels of FFCS: Diet 1 containing 0% FFCS (control treatment); Diet 2 containing 20% FFCS; Diet 3 containing 40% FFCS; and Diet 4 containing 60% FFCS. Dressing and eviscerated percentages were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in birds fed the diets with up to 40% FFCS. The carcass yield was not significantly influenced (p > 0.05) by the inclusion of FFCS, but values obtained were higher with up to 40%. Meat quality was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by the FFCS. In addition, the degree of meat peroxidation decreased with increased FFCS levels. Diets with up to 40% FFCS inclusion resulted in improved carcass traits, oxidative stability, and meat quality. Therefore, the addition of fortified cassava stump in broiler chickens’ diets could produce meat of better quality, with low peroxidation, high oxidative stability, and longer shelf-life.

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Microbial conversion and biovalorization of fermented cassava waste biomass into livestock-based diets

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, Mar 29, 2022