Mathematics Analysis and Approaches Paper 2 SL Markscheme

N22/5/MATHX/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
Markscheme
November 2022
Mathematics: analysis and approaches
Standard level
Paper 2
23 pages
–2– N22/5/MATHX/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
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Instructions to Examiners
Abbreviations
M Marks awarded for attempting to use a correct Method.
A Marks awarded for an Answer or for Accuracy; often dependent on preceding M marks.
R Marks awarded for clear Reasoning.
AG Answer given in the question and so no marks are awarded.
FT Follow through. The practice of awarding marks, despite candidate errors in previous parts, for their
correct methods/answers using incorrect results.
Using the markscheme
1 General
Award marks using the annotations as noted in the markscheme eg M1, A2.
2 Method and Answer/Accuracy marks
• Do not automatically award full marks for a correct answer; all working must be checked, and
marks awarded according to the markscheme.
• It is generally not possible to award M0 followed by A1, as A mark(s) depend on the preceding M
mark(s), if any.
• Where M and A marks are noted on the same line, e.g. M1A1, this usually means M1 for an attempt
to use an appropriate method (e.g. substitution into a formula) and A1 for using the correct values.
• Where there are two or more A marks on the same line, they may be awarded independently; so if
the first value is incorrect, but the next two are correct, award A0A1A1.
• Where the markscheme specifies A3, M2 etc., do not split the marks, unless there is a note.
• The response to a “show that” question does not need to restate the AG line, unless a Note makes
this explicit in the markscheme.
• Once a correct answer to a question or part question is seen, ignore further working even if this
working is incorrect and/or suggests a misunderstanding of the question. This will encourage a
uniform approach to marking, with less examiner discretion. Although some candidates may be
advantaged for that specific question item, it is likely that these candidates will lose marks elsewhere
too.
• An exception to the previous rule is when an incorrect answer from further working is used in a
subsequent part. For example, when a correct exact value is followed by an incorrect decimal
approximation in the first part and this approximation is then used in the second part. In this situation,
award FT marks as appropriate but do not award the final A1 in the first part.
Examples:
Correct Further Any FT issues?

Action
answer seen working seen
1. 5.65685... No. Award A1 for the final mark
8 2 (incorrect Last part in question. (condone the incorrect further
decimal value) working)
2. 35 0.468111… Yes. Award A0 for the final mark
(incorrect Value is used in (and full FT is available in
72 decimal value) subsequent parts. subsequent parts)
3 Implied marks
Implied marks appear in brackets e.g. (M1),and can only be awarded if correct work is seen or
implied by subsequent working/answer.
4 Follow through marks (only applied after an error is made)
Follow through (FT) marks are awarded where an incorrect answer from one part of a question is
used correctly in subsequent part(s) (e.g. incorrect value from part (a) used in part (d) or incorrect
value from part (c)(i) used in part (c)(ii)). Usually, to award FT marks, there must be working
present and not just a final answer based on an incorrect answer to a previous part. However, if all
the marks awarded in a subsequent part are for the answer or are implied, then FT marks should be
awarded for their correct answer, even when working is not present.
For example: following an incorrect answer to part (a) that is used in subsequent parts, where the
markscheme for the subsequent part is (M1)A1, it is possible to award full marks for their correct
answer, without working being seen. For longer questions where all but the answer marks are
implied this rule applies but may be overwritten by a Note in the Markscheme.
• Within a question part, once an error is made, no further A marks can be awarded for work which
uses the error, but M marks may be awarded if appropriate.
• If the question becomes much simpler because of an error then use discretion to award fewer
FT marks, by reflecting on what each mark is for and how that maps to the simplified version.
• If the error leads to an inappropriate value (e.g. probability greater than 1, sin θ = 1.5 , non-integer
value where integer required), do not award the mark(s) for the final answer(s).
• The markscheme may use the word “their” in a description, to indicate that candidates may be
using an incorrect value.
• If the candidate’s answer to the initial question clearly contradicts information given in the question,
it is not appropriate to award any FT marks in the subsequent parts. This includes when candidates
fail to complete a “show that” question correctly, and then in subsequent parts use their incorrect
answer rather than the given value.
• Exceptions to these FT rules will be explicitly noted on the markscheme.
• If a candidate makes an error in one part but gets the correct answer(s) to subsequent part(s),
award marks as appropriate, unless the command term was “Hence”.
5 Mis-read
If a candidate incorrectly copies values or information from the question, this is a mis-read (MR). A
candidate should be penalized only once for a particular misread. Use the MR stamp to indicate
that this has been a misread and do not award the first mark, even if this is an M mark, but award all
others as appropriate.
• If the question becomes much simpler because of the MR, then use discretion to award
fewer marks.
• If the MR leads to an inappropriate value (e.g. probability greater than 1, sin θ = 1.5 , non-integer
value where integer required), do not award the mark(s) for the final answer(s).
• Miscopying of candidates’ own work does not constitute a misread, it is an error.
• If a candidate uses a correct answer, to a “show that” question, to a higher degree of accuracy than
given in the question, this is NOT a misread and full marks may be scored in the subsequent part.
• MR can only be applied when work is seen. For calculator questions with no working and incorrect
answers, examiners should not infer that values were read incorrectly.
6 Alternative methods
Candidates will sometimes use methods other than those in the markscheme. Unless the question
specifies a method, other correct methods should be marked in line with the markscheme. If the
command term is ‘Hence’ and not ‘Hence or otherwise’ then alternative methods are not permitted
unless covered by a note in the mark scheme.
• Alternative methods for complete questions are indicated by METHOD 1,

METHOD 2, etc.
• Alternative solutions for parts of questions are indicated by EITHER . . . OR.
7 Alternative forms
Unless the question specifies otherwise, accept equivalent forms.
• As this is an international examination, accept all alternative forms of notation for example 1.9 and
1,9 or 1000 and 1,000 and 1.000 .
• Do not accept final answers written using calculator notation. However, M marks and intermediate
A marks can be scored, when presented using calculator notation, provided the evidence clearly
reflects the demand of the mark.
• In the markscheme, equivalent numerical and algebraic forms will generally be written in brackets
immediately following the answer.
• In the markscheme, some equivalent answers will generally appear in brackets. Not all equivalent
notations/answers/methods will be presented in the markscheme and examiners are asked to apply
appropriate discretion to judge if the candidate work is equivalent.
8 Format and accuracy of answers
If the level of accuracy is specified in the question, a mark will be linked to giving the answer to the
required accuracy. If the level of accuracy is not stated in the question, the general rule applies to
final answers: unless otherwise stated in the question all numerical answers must be given exactly
or correct to three significant figures.
Where values are used in subsequent parts, the markscheme will generally use the exact value,
however candidates may also use the correct answer to 3 sf in subsequent parts. The markscheme
will often explicitly include the subsequent values that come “from the use of 3 sf values”.
Simplification of final answers: Candidates are advised to give final answers using good
mathematical form. In general, for an A mark to be awarded, arithmetic should be completed, and
25 5
any values that lead to integers should be simplified; for example, should be written as . An
4 2
exception to this is simplifying fractions, where lowest form is not required (although the numerator
10 5
and the denominator must be integers); for example, may be left in this form or written as .
4 2
10
However, should be written as 2, as it simplifies to an integer.
5
Algebraic expressions should be simplified by completing any operations such as addition and
multiplication, e.g. 4e 2 x × e3 x should be simplified to 4e5 x , and 4e 2 x × e3 x − e 4 x
× e x should be
simplified to 3e5 x . Unless specified in the question, expressions do not need to be factorized, nor do
factorized expressions need to be expanded, so x ( x + 1) and x 2 + x are both acceptable.
Please note: intermediate A marks do NOT need to be simplified.
9 Calculators
A GDC is required for this paper, but If you see work that suggests a candidate has used any
calculator not approved for IB DP examinations (eg CAS enabled devices), please follow the
procedures for malpractice.
10. Presentation of candidate work
Crossed out work: If a candidate has drawn a line through work on their examination script, or in
some other way crossed out their work, do not award any marks for that work unless an explicit note
from the candidate indicates that they would like the work to be marked.
More than one solution: Where a candidate offers two or more different answers to the same
question, an examiner should only mark the first response unless the candidate indicates otherwise.
If the layout of the responses makes it difficult to judge, examiners should apply appropriate
discretion to judge which is “first”.
Section A
1. (a) 1.01206…, 2.45230…
a =1.01 , b = 2.45 (1.01x + 2.45) A1A1
[2 marks]
(b) 0.981464…
r = 0.981 A1
Note: A common error is to enter the data incorrectly into the GDC, and obtain the
answers a 1.01700...,
= = b 2.09814...
= and r 0.980888... Some candidates may
ie. a 1.02,
write the 3 sf answers,= = b 2.10 =
and r 0.981 or 2 sf answers, ie.
=a 1.0,
= b 2.1 and
= r 0.98 . In these cases award A0A0 for part (a) and A0 for
part (b). Even though some values round to an accepted answer, they come
from incorrect working.
[1 mark]
(c) correct substitution of 78 into their regression equation (M1)
81.3930… 81.23 from 3 sf answer
81 A1
[2 marks]
Total [5 marks]
2. (a) attempt to use sine rule (M1)
24
=
17

sin113 sin BAC

OR sin BAC ( )
 = 0.652024... (A1)
40.6943…
ˆ = 40.7
BAC A1
[3 marks]
(b) METHOD 1 (cosine rule with ABC ˆ )

ˆ or BAC
attempt to use the cosine rule (M1)
2
24= AB2 + 17 2 − 2 ⋅17 ⋅ AB ⋅ cos113° ( AB 2
0 ) OR
+ 13.2848...AB − 287 =
2
17= AB2 + 242 − 2 ⋅ 24 ⋅ AB ⋅ cos 40.6943...° ( AB2 − 36.3935...AB + 287 =
0) (A1)
11.5543…
AB = 11.6 A1
ˆ )
METHOD 2 (cosine rule with BCA
attempt to use cosine rule (M1)
correct substitution (A1)
AB2= 17 2 + 242 − 2 ⋅17 ⋅ 24 ⋅ cos 26.3056...° OR AB2 = 133.502...
11.5543…
AB = 11.6 A1
continued…
Question 2 continued
METHOD 3 (sine rule)
attempt to use sine rule (M1)
correct substitution (A1)
AB 24 17 24 ⋅ sin (180° − 113° − 40.6943...° )

= = OR AB =
sin 26.3056...° sin113° sin 40.6943...° sin113°
11.5543…
AB = 11.6 A1
[3 marks]
Total [6 marks]
– 10 – N22/5/MATHX/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
3. (a) ( 0.708519...,0.639580...)
( 0.709,0.640
= ) (x 0.709,
= y 0.640 ) A1A1
[2 marks]
(b) 1.09885...
x = 1.10 accept (1.10, 0 ) A1
[1 mark]
(c) METHOD 1
2
∫ f ( x ) dx (A1)
0
4.61117...
area = 4.61 A2
METHOD 2
2 2
−∫ f ( x ) dx OR ∫ f ( x ) dx OR 4.17527… (A1)
1.09885... 1.09885...
1.09885... 2
∫ f ( x ) dx − ∫ f ( x ) dx OR 0.435901… + 4.17527… (A1)
0 1.09885...
4.61117...
area = 4.61 A1
[3 marks]
Total [6 marks]
4. 86.4 = 50r 3 (A1)
 86.4 
=r 1.2
=  3
 seen anywhere (A1)
 50 
50 (1.2n − 1)
> 33500 OR 250 (1.2n − 1) =
33500 (A1)
0.2
attempt to solve their geometric S n inequality or equation (M1)
26.9 OR S 26 = 28368.8 OR S 27 = 34092.6 OR algebraic

sketch OR n > 26.9045, n =
manipulation involving logarithms
n = 27 accept n ≥ 27 A1
Total [5 marks]
5. recognition that initial population is 15000 (seen anywhere) (A1)
P ( 0 ) = 15000 OR 0.11×15000 OR 0.89 ×15000
population after 11% decrease is 15000 × 0.89 ( =

13350 ) (A1)
recognizing that t = 8 on 1 January 2022 (seen anywhere) (A1)
substitution of their value of t for 1 January 2022 and their value of P ( 8 ) into the
model (M1)
15000e8 k OR 13350 = 15000e8 k

15000 × 0.89 =
ln 0.89
=k (−0.014566) (A1)
8
substitution of t =2041 − 2014(=27) and their value for k into the model (M1)
P(27) = 15000 e −0.0145...×27
10122.3…
P (27) = 10100 (10122) A1
Total [7 marks]
6.
Note: Do not award any marks if there is clear evidence of adding instead of
multiplying, for example 9Cr + (ax)9− r + (1) r .
valid approach for expansion (must be the product of a binomial coefficient with n = 9
and a power of ax ) (M1)
9
Cr (ax)9− r (1) r OR 9C9− r (ax) r (1)9− r OR 9C0 (ax)0 (1)9 + 9C1 (ax)1 (1)8 + ...
recognizing that the term in x 6 is needed (M1)
Term in x 6
2
= kx 4 OR
= r 6 OR
= r 3 OR 9=
−r 6
21x
correct term or coefficient in binomial expansion (seen anywhere) (A1)
9
C6 (ax)6 (1)3 OR 9
C3 a 6 x 6 OR 84 ( a 6 x 6 ) (1) OR 84a 6
EITHER
correct term in x 4 or coefficient (may be seen in equation) (A1)
9
C6 6 4
a x OR 4a 6 x 4 OR 4a 6
21
8 5 4 8 5
Set their term in x 4 or coefficient of x 4 equal to a x or a (do not accept other
7 7
powers of x) (M1)
9
C3 6 4 8 5 4 8 5
= a x =a x OR 4a 6 a
21 7 7
continued…
OR
correct term in x 6 or coefficient of x 6 (may be seen in equation) (A1)
84a 6 x 6 OR 84a 6
set their term in x 6 or coefficient of x 6 equal to 24a 5 x 6 or 24a 5 (do not accept other
powers of x) (M1)
=84a 6 x 6 24
= a 5 x 6 OR 84a 24
THEN
2
a= ≈ 0.286 ( 0.285714...) A1
7
2
Note: Award A0 for the final mark for a = and a = 0 .
7
Total [6 marks]
Section B
7. (a) initial displacement is s ( 0 ) (M1)
6 (m) A1
[2 marks]
(b) velocity is s ' (M1)
−2.29920
−2.30 (m/s) A1
[2 marks]
(c) attempting to find t when the particle changes direction (M1)
t = 0.433007...AND 3.25575...AND 6.33965... (may be seen on a graph) (A1)
particle travels away from P when v > 0 OR when s ' > 0 (M1)
0 ≤ t < 0.433007..., 3.25575... < t < 6.33965...
0 ≤ t < 0.433, 3.26 < t < 6.34 A1A1
[5 marks]
continued…
(d) recognizing that acceleration is a (t ) = v′(t ) OR a (t ) = s′′(t ) (M1)
attempting to find max/min on graph of velocity OR finding zeros on graph of

acceleration (M1)
b = 1.23140... , c = 5.68959...
b = 1.23 , c = 5.69 A1A1
[4 marks]
(e) METHOD 1 (using integral of velocity)
correct integral (accept absence of dt ) (A1)
5.68959... c 3.25575... 5.68959...

∫1.23140...
v (t ) dt OR ∫ b
s′(t ) dt OR − ∫
1.23140...
v (t ) dt + ∫
3.25575...
v (t ) dt OR
3.8560 + 15.696
19.5525…
total distance = 19.6 (m) A2
continued…
METHOD 2 (using differences in displacement)
finding displacement at b, c and local min on displacement graph (A1)
(b, 4.43306), (c, 16.2734), (3.25575, 0.577001) OR 4.43306 , 0.577001, 16.2734
correct approach (A1)
(4.43306−0.577001) + (16.2734−0.577001) OR towards P 3.85606 + away from

P 15.696
19.5525…
total distance = 19.6 (m) A1
[3 marks]
Total [16 marks]

8.
Note: In parts (a) and (b) of this question, candidates may consider either triangle
AOD or triangle AOE and work correctly to obtain the answer. Side AD is
interchangeable with side AE in the following MS.
(a) attempt to use right angled trigonometry or sine rule to find AE in terms of r
and α (M1)
r AE r
tan α = OR =
AE π  sinα
sin  − α 
2 
π 
r sin  − α 
r
OR AE =
2  OR r cos α
AE = AE = A1
tan α sinα sinα
valid approach to find the area of ADOE (M1)
2x area of triangle AOE OR area of triangle AED + area of triangle OED OR

OE × AE
1 r 
Area ADOE = 2 ⋅ ⋅ r  OR r × AE A1
 2 tan α 
r2
Area ADOE = AG
tan α
[4 marks]
continued…
(b) (i) recognizing that the sum of the angles of a kite is 2π (M1)
ˆ + OEA ˆ + ADO
ˆ + EAD ˆ = π ˆ =
DOE 2π OR 2α + 2 ⋅ + DOE 2π
2
ˆ = π − 2α
DOE A1
Note: Award M1A0 if candidate uses degrees (i.e.
ˆ + OEA ˆ + ADO
ˆ + EAD ˆ = π ˆ = 360° ) and obtains
DOE 360° or 2α + 2 ⋅ + DOE
2
ˆ = 180° − 2α .
DOE
(ii) valid approach to find the area of R (M1)
area of kite – area of sector OR 2(area of triangle AOE − 0.5 area of sector
OED)
1 2 ˆ  1 2 
Area of sector = r .DOE  = r ( π − 2α )  seen anywhere (A1)
2  2 
r2 1
Area of R = − r 2 ( π − 2α ) A1
tan α 2
r2 1
Note: Accept − r 2 .DOˆ E .
tan α 2
[5 marks]
continued…
2
(c) equating their area formula to πr (M1)
r2 1
− r 2 ( π − 2α ) =
πr 2
tan α 2
correct equation in terms of α A1
1 1
− ( π − 2α ) =
π
tan α 2
valid approach to solve the equation (M1)
α = 0.218979...
α = 0.219 A1
[4 marks]
Total [13 marks]

9.
Note: Do not penalize for inclusion or non-inclusion of endpoints for probabilities
using a normal distribution. For example, for P (T < 55 | T > 40 ) accept
P (T ≤ 55 | T > 40 ) , P (T ≤ 55 | T ≥ 40 ) , etc.
(a) recognising to find P (T > 40) (M1)
P (T > 40) =
0.574136...
P (T > 40) =
0.574 A1
[2 marks]
(b) attempt to multiply four independent probabilities using their P (T > 40) and
P (T < 40) (M1)
(1 − p ) ⋅ p OR (1 − 0.574136...) ⋅ 0.574136... OR ( 0.425863...)

3 3 3
⋅ 0.574136... (A1)
0.0443430...
0.0443 , 0.0444 from 3 sf values A1
[3 marks]
continued…
(c) (i) recognizing conditional probability (M1)
P (T < 55 | T > 40 )
Note: Award (M1) for an expression or description in context. Accept
P (T > 40 | T < 55 ) but do not accept just P ( A | B ) .
P (40 < T < 55)

(A1)
P (T > 40)
0.461944...
(A1)
0.574136...
P (T < 55 | T > 40 ) =
0.804590...
= 0.805 A1
(ii) recognizing binomial probability (M1)
X  B( n , p )
n = 10 and p = 0.804589... (A1)
0.0242111..., 0.0240188...using p = 0.805
P ( X= 5)
= 0.0242 A1
[7 marks]
continued…
(d) Let P (T < a ) =

x
recognition that probabilities sum to 1 (seen anywhere) (M1)
EITHER
expressing the three regions in one variable (M1)
1
x + 0.904 + 2 x OR P (T < a ) + 0.904 + 2P (T < a ) OR P (T > b ) + 0.904 + P (T > b )
2
OR x and 2x correctly indicated on labelled bell diagram
1
P (T < a ) + 0.904 + 2P (T =
< a ) 1 OR P (T > b ) + 0.904 + P (T=
> b ) 1 (or
2
equivalent) (A1)
OR
expressing either P (T < a ) or P (T > b) only in terms of P (a ≤ T ≤ b) (M1)
1 2
( P(T < a) = ) (1 − P (a ≤ T ≤ b) ) OR ( P(T > b) = ) ⋅ (1 − P (a ≤ T ≤ b) )
3 3
1 2
x= (1 − 0.904 )( =
0.032 ) OR P(T > b) = (1 − 0.904 )( = 0.064 ) (A1)
3 3
THEN
P (T < a ) =
0.032
a = 22.18167...
a = 22.2 accept 22.1 A1
[4 marks]
Total [16 marks]

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N22/5/MATHX/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M

Mathematics: analysis and approaches

© International Baccalaureate Organization 2022

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2022

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2022

M Marks awarded for attempting to use a correct Method.

R Marks awarded for clear Reasoning.

AG Answer given in the question and so no marks are awarded.

Using the markscheme

2 Method and Answer/Accuracy marks

Correct Further Any FT issues?

4 Follow through marks (only applied after an error is made)

• Exceptions to these FT rules will be explicitly noted on the markscheme.

• Miscopying of candidates’ own work does not constitute a misread, it is an error.

• Alternative methods for complete questions are indicated by METHOD 1,

8 Format and accuracy of answers

Please note: intermediate A marks do NOT need to be simplified.

10. Presentation of candidate work

1. (a) 1.01206…, 2.45230…

a =1.01 , b = 2.45 (1.01x + 2.45) A1A1

(c) correct substitution of 78 into their regression equation (M1)

81.3930… 81.23 from 3 sf answer

2. (a) attempt to use sine rule (M1)

(b) METHOD 1 (cosine rule with ABC ˆ )

attempt to use the cosine rule (M1)

attempt to use cosine rule (M1)

correct substitution (A1)

AB2= 17 2 + 242 − 2 ⋅17 ⋅ 24 ⋅ cos 26.3056...° OR AB2 = 133.502...

METHOD 3 (sine rule)

attempt to use sine rule (M1)

correct substitution (A1)

AB 24 17 24 ⋅ sin (180° − 113° − 40.6943...° )

x = 1.10 accept (1.10, 0 ) A1

4. 86.4 = 50r 3 (A1)

attempt to solve their geometric S n inequality or equation (M1)

26.9 OR S 26 = 28368.8 OR S 27 = 34092.6 OR algebraic

manipulation involving logarithms

5. recognition that initial population is 15000 (seen anywhere) (A1)

P ( 0 ) = 15000 OR 0.11×15000 OR 0.89 ×15000

population after 11% decrease is 15000 × 0.89 ( =

recognizing that t = 8 on 1 January 2022 (seen anywhere) (A1)

15000e8 k OR 13350 = 15000e8 k

P(27) = 15000 e −0.0145...×27

P (27) = 10100 (10122) A1

recognizing that the term in x 6 is needed (M1)

correct term or coefficient in binomial expansion (seen anywhere) (A1)

correct term in x 4 or coefficient (may be seen in equation) (A1)

correct term in x 6 or coefficient of x 6 (may be seen in equation) (A1)

7. (a) initial displacement is s ( 0 ) (M1)

(b) velocity is s ' (M1)

(c) attempting to find t when the particle changes direction (M1)

t = 0.433007...AND 3.25575...AND 6.33965... (may be seen on a graph) (A1)

0 ≤ t < 0.433007..., 3.25575... < t < 6.33965...

0 ≤ t < 0.433, 3.26 < t < 6.34 A1A1

(d) recognizing that acceleration is a (t ) = v′(t ) OR a (t ) = s′′(t ) (M1)

attempting to find max/min on graph of velocity OR finding zeros on graph of

b = 1.23 , c = 5.69 A1A1

(e) METHOD 1 (using integral of velocity)