Serie y Convergencia Numérica
Serie y Convergencia Numérica
Serie y Convergencia Numérica
Solución:
∞ 𝑘 < 1 Converge
𝑎𝑛+1
Sea ∑ 𝑎𝑛 entonce si lim { 𝑘 > 1 Diverge
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛
𝑛=1 𝑘 = 1 No es concluyente
(𝑛 + 2)
𝑎𝑛+1 =
3(𝑛+1) (𝑛 + 1)!
(𝑛 + 1)
𝑎𝑛 =
3𝑛 𝑛!
Solución:
𝑘 > 1 es convergente
𝑎𝑛+1
si lim 𝑛 (1 − ){
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛
𝑘 < 1 es Diverge
5
𝑎𝑛 =
𝑛2 + 3𝑛
5 5 5
𝑎𝑛+1 = = 2 = 2
(𝑛 + 1)2 + 3(𝑛 + 1) 𝑛 + 2𝑛 + 1 + 3𝑛 + 3 𝑛 + 5𝑛 + 4
5
𝑎𝑛+1 =
𝑛2 + 5𝑛 + 4
2𝑛2 4𝑛 4
2𝑛2 + 4𝑛 𝑛 2 + 𝑛2 2+
𝑛 2+0 2
= lim 2 = lim 2 = lim = = =2
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 + 5𝑛 + 4 𝑛→∞ 𝑛 5𝑛 4 5 4
1+ + 2 1+0+0 1
𝑛→∞
+ + 𝑛 𝑛
𝑛2 𝑛2 𝑛2
𝑎𝑛+1
lim 𝑛 (1 − ) = 2 Como 𝐾 = 2 se tiene que 2 > 1
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛
∞
5
∴ La serie ∑ es convergente
𝑛2 + 3𝑛
𝑛=1
Solución.
∞
𝑘 < 1 Converge
Si lim 𝑛√𝑎𝑛 { 𝑘 > 1 Diverge
𝑛→∞
𝑘 = 1 No es concluyente
2
1 2𝑛 + 3 𝑛
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛 ( )
4 2𝑛 + 5
2 𝑛2
𝑛 √ 1 2𝑛 + 3 𝑛
𝑛
1 2𝑛 + 3 𝑛 1 2𝑛 + 3 𝑛
lim √𝑎𝑛 ⟹ lim ( ) = lim 𝑛 ( ) = lim 𝑛 ( )
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 4𝑛 2𝑛 + 5 𝑛→∞ 4 2𝑛 + 5 𝑛→∞ 4 2𝑛 + 5
3 𝑛 3 𝑛 3 𝑛
1 2𝑛 + 3 𝑛 1 2+𝑛 1 2+𝑛 1 lim 2 + 𝑛 1 2+0 𝑛
𝑛→∞
lim ( ) = lim 𝑛 ( ) = lim 𝑛 ∙ lim ( ) = lim 𝑛 ∙ ( ) = lim 𝑛 ( )
𝑛→∞ 4𝑛 2𝑛 + 5 𝑛→∞ 4 5 𝑛→∞ 4 𝑛→∞ 5 𝑛→∞ 4 5 𝑛→∞ 4 2+0
2+𝑛 2+𝑛 lim 2 + 𝑛
𝑛→∞
1
= lim ∙ (1)𝑛 = 0 ∙ 1 = 0
𝑛→∞ 4𝑛
2
1 2𝑛 + 3 𝑛
𝑛
lim √ 𝑛 ( ) =0 Como 𝐾 = 0 se tiene que 0 < 1
𝑛→∞ 4 2𝑛 + 5
∞ 2
1 2𝑛 + 3 𝑛
∴ La serie ∑ 𝑛 ( ) es convergente
4 2𝑛 + 5
𝑛=1
Solución:
𝑓 (𝑥) = ln(3 + 𝑥)
1
𝑓´(𝑥) = [ln(3 + 𝑥)]´ ∙ (3 + 𝑥)´ = = (3 + 𝑥)−1
(3 + 𝑥)
𝑓 (1) = ln(3 + 1) = ln 4
1
𝑓´(1) = (3 + 1)−1 = 4−1 =
4
1 1
𝑓´´(1) = −(3 + 1)−2 = −(4)−2 = − 2
=−
4 16
2 2 2 1
𝑓´´´(1) = 2(3 + 1)−3 = 2(4)−3 = 3
= 2∙3 = 6 =
4 2 2 32
6 2∙3 2∙3 3
𝑓 4 (1) = −6(3 + 1)−4 = −6(4)−4 = − 4
= − 2∙4 = − 8 = −
(4) 2 2 128
24 23 ∙ 3 23 ∙ 3 3
𝑓 5 (1) = 24(3 + 1)−5 = 24(4)−5 = 5
= 2∙5 = 10 =
4 2 2 128
∞
(−1)𝑛+1
𝑓 (𝑥) = ln(3 + 𝑥) = ln 4 + ∑ (𝑥 − 1)𝑛
22𝑛 𝑛
𝑛=1
𝑓 (𝑥) = sen 𝑥
Solución:
𝑓 (𝑥) = sen 𝑥
𝑓´(0) = cos 0 = 1
𝑓"(0) = − sen 0 = 0
𝑓´´´(0) = − cos 0 = −1
𝑓 4 (0) = sen 0 = 0
𝑓 5 (0) = cos 0 = 1
𝑓 6 (0) = − sen 0 = 0
𝑓 7 (0) = − cos 0 = −1
𝑓 8 (0) = sen 0 = 0
∞
𝑓"(0) 2 𝑓´´´(0) 3 𝑓 4 (0) 4 𝑓 𝑛 (0) 𝑛
𝑓 (0) + 𝑓´(0)𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 +⋯ = ∑ 𝑥
2! 3! 4! 𝑛!
𝑛=0
𝑓 (0) = 0
𝑓´(0) = 1
𝑓´´´(0) = −1
𝑓 4 (0) = 0
∞
1 1 1 1 1 11 (−1)𝑛 (2𝑛+1) (−1)𝑛 (2𝑛+1)
𝑥 − 𝑥3 + 𝑥5 − 𝑥7 + 𝑥9 − 𝑥 ⋯+ 𝑥 +⋯= ∑ 𝑥
3! 5! 7! 9! 11! (2𝑛 + 1)! (2𝑛 + 1)!
𝑛=0