Terminology Electrotecnia

INSTITUTO EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR TECNOLÓGICO PÚBLICO
“CARLOS CUETO FERNANDINI”

ÁREA ACADÉMICA ELECTROTECNIA INDUSTRIAL
ESTIMADOS ESTUDIANTES:
La información que vamos a desarrollar es TERMINOLGY (terminología), hay que recordar
que como en cualquier otro idioma uno de los términos más usados en expresar un mensaje
son los verbos (VERBS).
Hay dos clases de VERBO: Verbos Regulares (Regular Verbs) y Verbos Irregulares (Irregular
Verbs).
En este caso, vamos a recordar o aprender la ortografía (Spelling) o escritura de los verbos
en general en gerundio (Gerund - ING FORMS), en el cual sus reglas de escritura están con
ejemplos en la página 1.
Luego, vamos a recordar o aprender la ortografía (Spelling) o escritura de los verbos en

general en tiempo gramatical presente tercera persona (S/ES FORMS), en el cual sus reglas
de escritura están con ejemplos en la página 2.
Continuando con la información, los Verbos tienen tres tiempos: Presente, Pasado y
Participio Pasado.
Los Verbos Regulares – V(r) son la gran mayoría, estos verbos para pasar del presente al
pasado y al participio pasado, en su escritura se agrega ed a la forma simple del verbo
(presente) teniendo en cuenta las reglas que están detalladas y con ejemplos en la pág. 3.
Los Verbos Irregulares - V(irr) que son la minoría, se encuentran mayormente en orden
alfabético en los diccionarios. Estos verbos irregulares se diferencian de los verbos
regulares en su escritura, algunos se escriben igual en los tres tiempos (presente, pasado
y participio pasado), otros en gran cantidad del presente al pasado tienen diferente
escritura e igual escritura del pasado con participio pasado; y otros verbos irregulares
tienen diferente escritura en los tres tiempos. Esta información detallada se encuentra
desde la página 4 hasta la página 9
Los ejercicios de aplicación se encuentran desde la página 10 hasta la página 14 para los
verbos regulares, el resumen en orden alfabético de los verbos irregulares y sus ejercicios
de aplicación se encuentran en las páginas 15 y 16.
En todo caso, cuando nos comuniquemos desarrollaré la información respectiva teniendo

en cuenta los temas relacionados para que puedan desarrollarlos.
Nota: Toda información que se les brinde son derechos reservados del autor, que
solo deberán ser usados por ustedes con fines estrictamente académicos con su
docente autor de la información, bajo responsabilidad.
Lic. Mauro Jesús Agama Acosta
Docente Autor IESTP “CCF” EI

SPELLING OF ING – FORMS
RULES EXAMPLES
A. When the single form of a verb ends in a Have having

single ë¨, the ë¨ is dropped before Write writing
adding ING. Choose choosing
B. When a one-syllable verb ends in a single Sit sitting

consonant (excepting w, x and y) Stop stopping
preceded by one vowel, the consonant is Run running
doubled before adding ING.
A final consonant preceded by two Look looking
vowels is not doubled. Wear wearing
C. When a verb of more than one syllable Admit admitting

ends in a single consonant preceded by Forget forgetting
one vowel, the final consonant is doubled Prefer preferring
when the last syllable is stressed.
The final consonant is not doubled when Listen listening

the last syllable is unstressed. Visit visiting
D. When the simple form of a verb ends in Die dying

“ie”, the “e” is dropped and the “i” is Tie tying
changed to “y” before adding ING.
Lie lying
E. In all other cases, ING is added to the Do doing

simple form. See seeing
Study studying
Tema: TERMINOLOGY Página 1

Resumen: Lic. Mauro Jesús AGAMA ACOSTA – IESTP-“CCF”
VERBS IN THIRD PERSON (3rd p) S/ES-FORMS
RULES EXAMPLES
A. Most s-forms are made by adding ¨s¨ to Get gets

the simple form of the verb. Live lives
Buy buys
B. When the simple form ends in ö¨ or in a Go goes

letter or combination of letters which Do does
represent a sibilant sound, ës¨ is added
to the simple form. Miss misses
Watch watches
C. When the simple form ends in ÿ¨ Study studies

preceded by a consonant, the ÿ¨ is Hurry hurries
changed to ¨ i ¨ and ës¨ is added. Dry dries
D. Be and have are irregulars

Be is
Have has
* NOTE: THESE RULES ARE ALSO USED TO FORM NOUNS IN PLURAL.
MJAA
XIAL

VERBS IN PAST TENSE AND PAST PARTICIPLE
1. SIMPLE PAST expresses a one-time completed past event.
2. REGULAR PAST TENSE forms end in ed. They are made from the simple
form in the following ways:
RULES EXAMPLES
A. When the simple form of a verb ends in Change changed

ë¨, only ¨d¨ is added. Dance danced
B. When a one-syllable verb ends in a single Plan planned

consonant (excepting c, w, x, or y) Shop shopped
preceded by a single vowel, the final Stop stopped
consonant is doubled and “ed” is added.
C-ending verbs add K before the suffix. Picnic picnicked

Panic panicked
C. When a verb of more than one syllable Omit omitted

ends in a single consonant preceded by a Occur occurred
single vowel, the final consonant is
doubled when the final syllable is
stressed.
The final consonant is not doubled when Visit visited

the final syllable is unstressed. Listen listened
D.When the simple form of a verb ends in Try tried

“y” preceded by a consonant, the “y” is Hurry hurried
changed to “i” and ed is added. Study studied
E. All other regular past tense and past Look looked

participle forms are formed by adding Talk talked
”ed” to the simple form. Stay stayed

3. IRREGULAR PAST TENSE forms must be memorized because they are not related to
simple forms in any predictable way. There are approximately 150 of them in all, and
many are among the most frequently used words in the language. In the following
lists the less common ones are marked. These need be learned for recognition only,
whereas the others will be needed in every day speech.
Many irregular past form the simple forms in their internal vowel sounds only. Others
also differ in their final consonant sounds.
They are presented here in groups meant to facilitate memorization.
a.- Verbs with no special past tense forms. The simple forms are used to express
both present and past events.
SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE
- BET : Apostar
- BIT : Enfrentar
- BURST : Estallar
- CAST : Tirar, arrojar
- COST : Costar
- CUT : Cortar
- HIT : Golpear
- HURT : Herir, lesionar
- LET : Dejar hacer algo
- PUT : Poner
- QUIT : Dejar
- RID : Desembarazar,
librar.
- SET : Vender
- SHED : Derramar
- SLIT : Rajar, partir
- SPLIT : Hender, partir
- SPREAD : Esparcir
- THRUST : Embestir ,meter
- WED : Casarse
- WET : Afilar, amolar.
b.- Final consonant change only. The past forms end in ¨ T ¨.
- BEND : Doblar BENT

- BUILD : Construir BUILT
- DWELL : Habitar, DWELT
residir

- LEND : Prestar LENT

- REND : Arrendar RENT
- SEND : Enviar, remitir SENT
- SPEND : Gastar, pasar SPENT
c.- Vowel and consonant changes. All the following past forms rhyme though the
spellings differ. Note which two are spelled with /a/.
- BRING : Traer BROUGHT

- BUY : Comprar BOUGHT
- CATCH : Coger, agarrar CAUGHT
- FIGHT : Pelear, combatir FOUGHT
- SEEK : Buscar, inquirir SOUGHT
- TEACH : Enseñar TAUGHT
- THINK : Pensar THOUGHT
d.- Vowel changes /i/ to /E/
- BLEED : BLED
- BREED : Criar, procrear BRED
- CREEP : Arrastrar, raptar CREPT
- DEAL : Distribuir DEALT
- DREAM : Soñar DREAMT
- KNEEL : Arrodillarse KNELT
- LEAD : Emplomar LED
- LEAVE : Salir LEFT
- MEAN : Significar MEANT
- MEET : Encontrar MET
- READ : Leer READ
- SLEEP : Dormir SLEPT
- SWEEP : Barrer SWEPT
- WEEP : Llorar, lamentar WEPT

e.- Vowel changes /I/ to /A/
- CLING : Adherirse, pegarse CLUNG

- DIG : Cavar, ahondar DUG
- FLING : Arrojar, lanzar FLUNG
- SLING : Tirar con honda, SLUNG
lanzar
- SLINK : Escabullirse SLUNK
- SPIN : Hilar, girar SPUN
- STICK : Clavar, prender STUCK
- STING : Picar, pinchar STUNG
- STRING : Enhebrar, ensartar STRUNG
- SWING : Mecer, balancear SWUNG
- WIN : Ganar, vencer WON
- WRING : Torcer WRUNG
f.- Vowel changes /ai/ to /au/
- BIND : Atar, unir BOUND

- FIND : Encontrar FOUND
- GRIND : Moler, oprimir GROUND
- WIND : Devanar, enrollar WOUND
g.- Miscellaneous vowel changes:
- COME : Venir, llegar CAME

aproximar
- HANG : Colgar, ahorcar HUNG
- HEAR : Oír, escuchar HEARD
- HOLD : Tener, aguanta, HELD
retener
- LIGHT : Encender LIT
- LOSE : Perder, disipar LOST
- RUN : Correr RAN
- SAY : Decir SAID

- SELL : Vender SOLD

- SHINE : Lucir, brillar SHONE
- SHOE : Calzar, herrar SHOD
- SHOOT : Tirar, disparar SHOT
- SIT : Sentarse SAT
- SLIDE : Resbalar, SLID
deslizarse
- STAND : Estar de pie STOOD
- STRIKE : Golpear, atacar STRUCK
- TELL : Decir, contar TOLD
h.- Other irregular past forms:
- LAY : Poner LAID

- PAY : Pagar PAID h1
- HAVE : Tener, poseer HAD
- MAKE : Hacer, crear MADE h2
h1 .- Past : These are irregular in spelling only.
h2 .- Past : These have each lost a consonant.
4. Verb with special past participle forms. Soon we will look at some sentence patterns
which require the used of past participles. All regular verbs, and all those listed in (3)
above, do not have special participle forms. The past form and the participle are
identical. The verbs listed here are the only ones with special past participle form.
a.- Regular vowel changes. /I/ to /ae/ to (i,a,u).
- BEGIN : Empezar BEGAN BEGUN

- DRINK : Tomar(líquidos) DRANK DRUNK
- SWIN : Nadar SWAM SWUM
- RING : Circundar RANG RUNG
- SHRINK : Encogerse, mermar SHRANK SHRUNK
- SING : Cantar SANG SUNG
- SINK : Hundir, clavar SANK SUNK
- SPRING : Saltar SPRANG SPRUNG
- STINK : Oler mal, tener mala STANK STUNK
reputación.

b.- N-ending participles; All the following verbs have participles ending with the sound
/n/, though a few are spelled with a final silent /e/.
- AWAKE : Despertar AWOKE AWAKEN

- BE : Ser, estar WAS/WERE BEEN
- BEARD : Soportar BORE BORN/BORNE
- BEAT : Batir, pegar BEAT BEATEN
- BITE : Morder, picar BIT BITTEN
- BLOW : Soplar, sonar BLEW BLOWN
- BREAK : Ruptura, intermedio BROKE BROKEN
- CHOOSE : Escoger, seleccionar CHOSE CHOSEN
- DO : Hacer DID DONE
- DRAW : Dibujar DREW DRAWN
- DRIVE : Manejar DROVE DRIVEN
- EAT : Comer ATE EATEN
- FALL : Caer FELL FALLEN
- FLY : Volar FLEW FLOWN
- FORGET : Olvidar FORGOT FORGOTTEN
- FORGIVE : Perdonar FORGAVE FORGIVEN
- FORSAKE : Abandonar, rechazarFORSOOK FORSAKEN
- FREEZE : Helar, congelar FROZE FROZEN
- GET : Conseguir GOT GOTTEN
- GIVE : Dar GAVE GIVEN
- GO : Ir WENT GONE
- GROW : Cultivar,crecer GREW GROWN
- HIDE : Esconder,ocultar HID HIDDEN
- KNOW : Saber KNEW KNOWN
- LIE : Echarse,tumbarse LAY LAIN
- RIDE : Cabalgar RODE RIDDEN
- RISE : Subir, levantarse ROSE RISEN
- SEE : Ver SAW SEEN
- SEW : Coser SEWED SEWN
- SHAKE : Sacudir, agitar SHOOK SHAKEN
- SHOW : Mostrar SHOWED SHOWN
- SLAY : Matar SLEW SLAIN
- SMITE : Herir, golpear SMOTE SMITTEN
- SOW : Sembrar SOWED SOWN
- SPEAK : Hablar SPOKE SPOKEN
- STEAL : Robar, hurtar STOLE STOLEN
- STRIDE : Dar zancadas STRODE STRODDEN
- STRIVE : Esforzarse STROVE STRIVEN
- SWEAR : Jurar,blasfemar SWORE SWORN

- SWELL : Hinchar, henchir SWELLED SWOLLEN

- TAKE : Tomar TOOK TAKEN
- TEAR : Llorar TORE TORN
- THROW : Hechar, arrojar THREW THROWN
- TREAD : Pisar, hollar TROD TRODDEN.
MJAA
XIAL

TECHNICAL ENGLISH
*REGULAR VERBS PRACTICES
ENGLISH SPANISH PRESENT PRESENT PRETERITE

PROGRESSIVE 3rd Person
V-ING FORM OR PAST
PARTICIPLE
TO ABORT ABORTAR aborting

TO ACCOMPLISH EFECTUAR accomplished
TO ACCUMULATE ACUMULAR accumulating
TO ACTIVATE ACTIVAR activating
TO ADDRESS DIRIGIR A addressing
TO ADD SUMAR adding
TO ALLOW PERMITIR allowing
TO ALTER ALTERAR alterring
TO AMAZE ASOMBRAR amazing
TO ANALYZE ANALIZAR analized
TO ANSWER RESPONDER answering
TO APPLY APLICAR applying
TO APPEND AÑADIR appending
TO ASK PREGUNTAR, asking
TO ARRIVE LLEGAR arriving
TO ASSEMBLE ENSAMBLAR assembling
TO ATTEND ASISTIR A attending
TO AVOID EVITAR avoiding
TO BASE BASAR basing
TO BELIEVE CREER believing
TO BLOCK BLOQUEAR blocking
TO BOUNCE REBOTAR boucing
TO BLIND CEGAR blinding
TO BOOT CEBAR booting
TO BOOTSTRAP ARRANCAR bootstrapping
TO BOMB EXPLOTAR bombing
TO BRANCH BIFURCAR branching
TO BUG ERROR
TO BURST SEPARAR bursting
TO CALL LLAMAR called
TO CALCULATE CALCULAR calculatting
TO CARRY OUT LLEVAR A CABO carried out
TO CATALOG CATALOGAR cataloging
TO CARE TENER CUIDADO cariing
TO CATENATE CONCATENAR
TO CHAIN ENCADENAR chaining
TO CHANGE CAMBIAR changing
TO CHECK CHEQUEAR checking
TO CLEAR BORRAR clearring
TO CONNECT CONECTAR connecting
TO CONCEIVE CONCEBIR conceiving
TO CONTAIN CONTENER containing
TO CLOSE CERRAR clossing
TO CODE CODIFICAR coding
TO COMPUTE CALCULAR computed
COMPUTARIZE AUTOMATIZAR
COPY COPIAR copying
COLLATE INTERCALAR collating
COMPARE COMPARAR comparring


V-ING FORM OR PAST
PARTICIPLE
CLASS CLASIFICAR classing

CORRECT CORREGIR correcting
TO COLLECT RECOGER collecting
CANCEL CANCELAR canceled
CONTINUE CONTINUAR continuing
CLASSIFY CLASIFICAR classifying
DAMAGE DAÑAR damaging
DEBATE DISCUTIR debating
DEBUG DEPURAR debugging
DEFEND DEFENDER defending
DEFINE DEFINIR defining
DELAY RETARDAR delaying
TO DECREMENT DISMINUIR decrementing
TO DIAL UP DISCAR dialing up
TO DIGITIZE DIGITALIZAR digitizing
TO DELIVER ENTREGAR deliverring
DERIVE DERIVAR diriving
DESCRIBE DESCRIBIR describing
DESIGNATE DESIGNAR designating
DELETE BORRAR deleting
DEVELOP DESARROLLAR developping
DETERMINE DETERMINAR determining
DIRECT DIRIGIR directing
DISPLAY VISUALIZAR,EXHIBIR displaying
DISORGANIZE DESORGANIZAR disorganizing
DIVIDE DIVIDIR dividing
DEPEND ON DEPENDER DE depending on
DISCOVER DESCUBRIR discovering
DISCUSS DISCUTIR,DISCURSAR discussing
DISTRIBUTE DISTRIBUIR distributing
DECODE DECODIFICAR decoding
DUMP VOLCAR dumpping
EDIT EDITAR editting
END TERMINAR ending
ENJOY GOZAR DE enjoying
ENTER ENTRAR A, POR O EN
ERASE BORRAR erasing
EXAMINE EXAMINAR examining
EXERCISE EJERCITAR exercising
EXCITE EXCITAR exciting
EXECUTE EJECUTAR executing
EXPLAIN EXPLICAR explaining
EMIT EMITIR emiting
EMULATE EMULAR, IMITAR emulating
ENCOURAGE FOMENTAR
TO FIX FIJAR, ASEGURAR fixing
TO FIT AJUSTAR, EQUIPAR fitting
TO FINISH TERMINAR, ACABAR finished
TO FOLLOW SEGUIR following
TO FORMAT FORMATEAR formating
TO FORM FORMAR
TO FAIL FALLAR failing
TO FETCH LLAMAR


V-ING FORM OR PAST
PARTICIPLE
TO FILL RELLENAR
TO GRADUATE GRADUAR
TO GENERATE GENERAR
TO HANDLE MANIPULAR
TO HELP AYUDAR
TO HIRE AJORNALAR
TO IDENTIFY IDENTIFICAR
TO INVENT INVENTAR
TO INSTALL INSTALAR
ILLUSTRATE ILUSTRAR
INTERROGATE INTERROGAR
TO INTRODUCE PRESENTAR
TO INVESTIGATE INVESTIGAR
TO INDEX INDICAR
INITIALIZE INICIALIZAR
TO INITIATE INICIAR
INSERT INSERTAR
INPUT ENTRAR
TO JOIN JUNTAR, UNIR
JUMP SALTAR
KEY DIGITAR
TO LABEL ROTULAR
LAG RETRASARSE
LETTER PONER LETRAS
TO LINK ENLAZAR
LIVE VIVIR
LIST LISTAR
LOAD CARGAR
TO LOCATE PONER, COLOCAR
LOOK UP BUSCAR
LOOP HACER UN LAZO
TO MANAGE ADMINISTRAR
MAP REPRESENTAR
MATCH EQUIPARAR
MASSAGE MASAJEAR
MASK ENMASCARAR
MANUFACTURE FABRICAR
MERGE FUSIONAR
MIX MEZCLAR
MODEL MODELAR
MODIFY MODIFICAR
MOVE TRANSFERIR
NARRATE NARRAR
NEED NECESITAR
NEST ANIDAR
NOTICE ADVERTIR
NUMBER NUMERAR
OBJECT OBJETAR
OCCUR OCURRIR
OPEN ABRIR
OPTIMIZE OPTIMIZAR
ORDER ORDENAR
OUT PUT DAR SALIDA
OVER FLOW DESBORDAR


V-ING FORM OR PAST
PARTICIPLE
ORGANIZE ORGANIZAR
OPERATE OPERAR
OVERLOAD SOBRECARGAR
TO PACK EMPAQUETAR
TO PERFORM EJECUTAR
TO PERMIT PERMITIR
PLAY JUGAR, TOCAR
PLUG IN ENCHUFAR
POINT OUT SEÑALAR
PRACTICE PRACTICAR
PREPARE PREPARAR
POSTPONE POSPONER
PRINT IMPRIMIR
PROCESS PROCESAR
TO PLAN HACER PLANES, IDEAR
PAD RELLENAR
PRONOUNCE PRONUNCIAR
PRODUCE PRODUCIR
PUBLISH PUBLICAR, EDITAR
PULL SACAR, JALAR
TO PROMPT SOLICITAR INGRESO
QUESTION PREGUNTAR
QUERY CONSULTAR
TO RECORD REGISTRAR,GRABAR
REFER REFERIR
RELATE RELATAR
TO REPAIR REPARAR
RELOCATE REUBICAR
RESSEMBLE PARECERSE
REFRESH REGENERAR
REPEAT REPETIR
RESTORE RESTABLECER
TO REPLACE REEMPLAZAR
REORGANIZE REORGANIZAR
REVIEW REVISAR
TO RETURN VOLVER
RETRIEVE RECUPERAR
SAVE CONSERVAR, GRABAR
SCAN EXPLORAR
TO SCHEDULE PLANIFICADOR
SCROLL DESPLAZAR
SEARCH BUSCAR
TO SELECT SELECCIONAR
SHOP COMPRAR
SIGN FIRMAR
SHARE COMPARTIR
SORT ORDENAR
START COMENZAR
STORE ALMACENAR
TO STAY PERMANECER
STUDY ESTUDIAR
SPECIFY ESPECIFICAR


V-ING FORM OR PAST
PARTICIPLE
SOLVE RESOLVER
TO TALK PLATICAR, HABLAR
TEST PROBAR
TRANSLATE INTO TRADUCIR AL
TRY TRATAR, ENSAYAR
TO TYPE TIPEAR, DIGITAR
TURN VOLTEAR, GIRAR
USE USAR
UPDATE ACTUALIZAR
STOP DETENER
TRACE RASTREAR
TUNE AFINAR
TO UNPACK DESCOMPRIMIR
TURN ON ENCENDER
TURN OFF APAGAR
TO USE USAR
VARY VARIAR
VISIT VISITAR
TO VERIFY VERIFICAR
WAIT ESPERAR
WALK CAMINAR
WANT QUERER
WATCH OBSERVAR,VIGILAR
WASH LAVAR
TO WORK TRABAJAR,OPERAR
TRANSMIT ENVIAR
ZAP REMENDAR
MJAA
XIAL

TECHNICAL ENGLISH
*IRREGULAR VERBS PRACTICES
ENGLISH SPANISH PRETERITE PAST PRESENT PRESENT

PARTICIPLE V-ING FORM
TO BE SER,ESTAR,EXISTIR WAS, WERE BEEN

BEGIN EMPEZAR,COMENZAR BEGAN BEGUN
BREAK ROMPER BROKE BROKEN
TO BUILD CONSTRUIR,FORMAR BUILT BUILT
BUY COMPRAR BOUGHT BOUGHT
COME VENIR CAME COME
CUT CORTAR CUT CUT
BEND DOBLAR BENT BENT
TO CATCH COGER,ALCANZAR CAUGHT CAUGHT
BRING TRAER BROUGHT BROUGHT
BECOME LLEGAR A SER BECAME BECOME
CLING ADHERIRSE CLUNG CLUNG
TO COST COSTAR COST COST
CHOOSE ESCOGER CHOSE CHOSEN
DO HACER DID DONE
DRAW DIBUJAR DREW DRAWN
DEAL DISTRIBUIR DEALT DEALT
DRINK BEBER DRANK DRUNK
EAT COMER ATE EATEN
FALL CAER FELL FALLEN
FEED ALIMENTAR FED FED
FEEL SENTIR FELT FELT
FIND HALLAR FOUND FOUND
FORBID PROHIBIR FORBADE FORBIDDEN
FORGET OLVIDAR FORGOT FORGOTTEN
GET CONSEGUIR,ADQUIRIR GOT GOTTEN
GIVE DAR GAVE GIVEN
GO IR WENT GONE
HAVE TENER HAD HAD
HEAR OIR HEARD HEARD
HIDE ESCONDER,OCULTAR HID HIDDEN
HOLD SOSTENER,APOYAR HELD HELD
KEEP GUARDAR KEPT KEPT
KNOW CONOCER, SABER KNEW KNOW
LEARN APRENDER LEARNT LEARNT
LEAVE SALIR, PARTIR LEFT LEFT
LET PERMITIR LET LET
LIE APOYARSE LAY LAIN
LIGHT ENCENDER,ILUMINAR LIGHTED LIGHTED
LOSE PERDER LOST LOST
MAKE HACER,PRODUCIR MADE MADE
MEAN SIGNIFICAR MEANT MEANT
MEET REUNIRSE,ENCONTRAR MET MET
PUT PONER,COLOCAR PUT PUT

*IRREGULAR VERBS PRACTICES
ENGLISH SPANISH PRETERITE PAST PRESENT PRESENT

PARTICIPLE V-ING FORM
READ LEER READ READ

RISE ASCENDER ROSE RISEN
RUN EJECUTAR,CORRER RAN RUN
SAY DECIR SAID SAID
SEE VER SAW SEEN
SEEK BUSCAR,EXPLORAR SOUGHT SOUGHT
SELL VENDER SOLD SOLD
SEND ENVIAR SENT SENT
SET UP PONER,INSTALAR SET UP SET UP
SHAKE SACUDIR SHOOK SHOOK
SHOOT DISPARAR,DESCARGAR SHOT SHOT
SHOW MOSTRAR,ENSEÑAR SHOWED SHOWED
SLEEP DORMIR SLEPT SLEPT
SLIDE RESBALAR SLID SLID
SPEAK HABLAR SPOKE SPOKEN
TO SPLIT PARTIR,DIVIDIRSE SPLIT SPLIT
STAND COLOCAR,PONER DE PIE STOOD STOOD
STICK PEGAR,INTRODUCIR STUCK STUCK
TAKE TOMAR TOOK TAKEN
TELL DECIR,EXPRESAR TOLD TOLD
TO THINK INTENCION DE PENSAR THOUGHT THOUGHT
TEACH ENSEÑAR TAUGHT TAUGHT
UNDERSTAND ENTENDER UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTOOD
TO WET HUMEDECER WETTED WETTED
WIN GANAR WON WON
WRITE ESCRIBIR WROTE WRITTEN
MAKE UP FORMAR,COMPONER MADE UP MADE UP
TO RESET RESTABLECER RESET RESET
LEAD CONDUCIR,DIRIGIR LED LED
STRIKE GOLPEAR STRUCK STRUCK
TO TROUBLE – DETECTAR,ERROR TROUBLESHOT TROUBLESHOT
SHOOT
MJAA
XIAL


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INSTITUTO EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR TECNOLÓGICO PÚBLICO

“CARLOS CUETO FERNANDINI”

Luego, vamos a recordar o aprender la ortografía (Spelling) o escritura de los verbos en

En todo caso, cuando nos comuniquemos desarrollaré la información respectiva teniendo

Lic. Mauro Jesús Agama Acosta

Docente Autor IESTP “CCF” EI

SPELLING OF ING – FORMS

A. When the single form of a verb ends in a Have having

B. When a one-syllable verb ends in a single Sit sitting

C. When a verb of more than one syllable Admit admitting

The final consonant is not doubled when Listen listening

D. When the simple form of a verb ends in Die dying

E. In all other cases, ING is added to the Do doing

Tema: TERMINOLOGY Página 1

VERBS IN THIRD PERSON (3rd p) S/ES-FORMS

A. Most s-forms are made by adding ¨s¨ to Get gets

B. When the simple form ends in ¨o¨ or in a Go goes

C. When the simple form ends in ¨y¨ Study studies

D. Be and have are irregulars

* NOTE: THESE RULES ARE ALSO USED TO FORM NOUNS IN PLURAL.

Tema: TERMINOLOGY Página 2

VERBS IN PAST TENSE AND PAST PARTICIPLE

1. SIMPLE PAST expresses a one-time completed past event.

A. When the simple form of a verb ends in Change changed

B. When a one-syllable verb ends in a single Plan planned

C-ending verbs add K before the suffix. Picnic picnicked

C. When a verb of more than one syllable Omit omitted

The final consonant is not doubled when Visit visited

D.When the simple form of a verb ends in Try tried

E. All other regular past tense and past Look looked

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SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

b.- Final consonant change only. The past forms end in ¨ T ¨.

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

- BEND : Doblar BENT

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- LEND : Prestar LENT

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

- BRING : Traer BROUGHT

d.- Vowel changes /i/ to /E/

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

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e.- Vowel changes /I/ to /A/

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

- CLING : Adherirse, pegarse CLUNG

f.- Vowel changes /ai/ to /au/

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

- BIND : Atar, unir BOUND

g.- Miscellaneous vowel changes:

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

- COME : Venir, llegar CAME

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- SELL : Vender SOLD

h.- Other irregular past forms:

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

- LAY : Poner LAID

a.- Regular vowel changes. /I/ to /ae/ to (i,a,u).

SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

- BEGIN : Empezar BEGAN BEGUN