Ejercicio Fogler 10.10
Ejercicio Fogler 10.10
Ejercicio Fogler 10.10
10
Los siguientes datos para hidrogenacin de i-octeno para formar -octano se obtuvieron usando
reactor diferencial operado a 200C.
Presin parcial (atm)
Corrida
Velocidad
de reaccin
(mol/g*h)
Hidrgeno
i-Octeno
i-Octano
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
0.0362
0.0239
0.039
0.0351
0.0114
0.0534
0.028
0.0033
0.038
0.009
0.0127
0.0566
1
1
3
1
1
10
1
1
2
1
0.6
5
1
1
1
3
1
1
10
1
2
1
0.6
5
0
1
1
1
3
0
0
10
2
4
0.6
5
r A=k C A C B CC
Mecanismo I (H. Alvord)
A + S AS
B 2+ 2 S 2 BS
AS+ 2 BS CS+2 S
CS C +S
Entonces
k [ P A PB
r A=
PC
]
K eq
0.5
[ 1+ K A P A + K 0.5
B P B + K C PC ]
A + S AS
B+ S BS
AS+ BS CS+ S
CS C +S
Entonces
k [ P A PB
r A=
PC
]
K eq
[ 1+ K A P A + K B P B + K C PC ]
P A PB
r A
0.5
1 K A PA KB PB KC PC
+ 0.5 + 0.5 + 0.5 = y
k 0.5
k
k
k
0.1113 P A P B
2
Corrida
PA
PB
PC
r (exp .)
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
1
0
1
1
1
0.0362
0.0239
0.0390
0.0351
P A PB
r exp
5.256
6.468
8.771
9.245
0.5
r (calc .)
0.0345
0.0228
0.0410
0.0334
% error
4.8
4.7
-5.0
4.8
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
1
10
1
2
0.2
0.1
5
1
10
1
1
2
0.2
0.1
5
3
0
0
10
2
0.2
0.1
5
0.0114
0.0534
0.0310
0.0033
0.0380
0.0032
0.0008
0.0566
9.366
13.685
17.961
17.408
10.260
3.536
3.536
21.017
0.0121
0.0505
0.0302
0.0032
0.0380
0.0029
0.0009
0.0559
total=
promedio=
b)
Se puede comprobar la validez del mecanismo de L Para reducir la acumulacin de errores en
los clculos, se deberan haber utilizado todos los puntos de datos y resolver todas las incgnitas
de forma simultnea. Para obtener el mximo de informacin de la cintica de complejos de una
reaccin de las corridas menos, es ventajoso hacer experimentos planeados, como el diseo
factorial (w G. Hunter. Una A. C. Atkinson, Ingeniera Qumica, p.159 6. Junio de 1966). Un
documento que analiza las ecuaciones de velocidad de reaccin qumica a partir de datos
experimentales est en: C. H. Ware Jr., Conferencia de simulacin por ordenador de verano,
Actas. 1975, Parte I, p. 368.
c)
0.2223
r A=
[
[
( 10.5 X )2
C RT
1+ A 0
(0.7970.383 X )
10.5 X
0.1113
r A=
C2A 0 ( RT )2 ( 1X )2
( 10.5 X )2
CSTR:
mol
h
2
2
( C A 0 RT ) ( 1X )
C RT
1+ A 0
(0.7970.383 X )
10.5 X
F A 0=2.5
-5.7
5.4
2.6
4.3
0.0
9.8
-10.7
1.2
59.3
4.9
1500.8
( 1.5 )2 ( 10.8 )2
0.1113
( 10.50.8 )2
W=
1.5
1+
(0.7970.3830.8)
10.50.8
W =21380 g=21.4 kg
PFR:
X
W =F A 0
0
dX
r A
dX
2
2
( 1.5 ) ( 1X )
0.1113
( 10.5 X )2
W =F A 0
0
1+
1.5
(0.7970.383 X )
10.5 X
W=
150
G ( X ) dX
0.11132.25 0
Donde:
G ( X )=
G ( X )=
2.19551.0745 X
1X
X
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
1.5
1+
(0.7970.383 X ) ( 10.5 X )2
10.5 X
G(X)
4.82022025
5.38265778
6.12933806
7.16059372
8.66026803
10.9991723
15.031129
23.1473247
44.6157203
(1X )
50
40
G(X)
30
20
10
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
W=
150
10=6000 g=6 kg
0.11132.25
d)
Considerar la seccin diferencial entre L y L+dL
Entrada Salida + Generacin = Acumulacin
r A ( C A L ) A T C (1 ) dL=dL[
d
A v ( L ) C A (L)]
dL 1
Pero
A T v ( L ) C A ( L )=N A ( L ) =F A 0 (1X )
Por lo tanto
FA 0
dX
=TA C ( 1 ) A (Pi)
dL
En relacin a la expresin
A en X y L
1
F A =F A 0 ( 1X ) = F 0 (1 X )
2
1
F B=F B 0 ( 1X )= F0 (1X )
2
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
FC =F A 0 X = F0 X
2
1
FT = (2X )
2
PA=
F A 1X
=
F I 2X
P A =P A=
PC =
1 X
P
2 X r
X
P
2X T
P=PT
dX A C (1)
1 X
1 X
X
=
rA[
P,
P,
P]
dL
F A0
2 X
2 X
2X
150 ( 1 )
dP
G
=
+1.75 G
dL g0 DP
DP
= 0 (
P
2
)(
)
P0 2X
( ) ( ) ( )[
dP 2X P 0
=
dL
2
0
L=
1
G 1
P gc D P 3
L
Ldes
P =
Donde:
0=
0=
LG(1)
Ldes
P20
150 ( 1 )
+1.75 G
DP
P
P0
dP 2X
=
dL 2 P 0
150 (1 )
+1.75 G
DP
P 0 0 gc D P
3
=0.4
16
12
1 ft
D p=
gc =32.174
lbm ft
lbf s 2
(F m +F m )
G= A 0 A B 0 B =
AT
G=
g
lb
( 2+112 )
(150 gmol
h )
gmol ( 453.6 g )
0.957
T (
ft
4 12 )
2
1546.9 lbm
T
f t 2h
P0=( 3 atm )
0=C m=
14.7 psi
1 atm
lb
(57 lbmol
)(3 atm)
57lb P
( lbmol
) RT = 0.7301 f t atm
0=0.2750
)(
144 i n 2
lb
=6348.7 2
2
1f t
ft
lbmol R
) [ ( 200+273.15 ) (1.8)] R
lbm
3
ft
( 12 C , 12 H )
S
( 9.4719103 +8.6211103 )
lbm
3600 s
=
cp 6.7197104
2
ft s cp
h
)(
=0.02188
lbm
ft h
7546.9 lbm
1h
( 10.4 )
2
T
3600 s
ft h
lbm
150 ( 10.4 ) ( 0.02188
(
)
(
)
ft h )
7546.9
=
+ 1.75 (
T )f
1
lbf
lbm
lbm ft 1 ft ( )
6348.7
0.2750
82.174
0.4
ft
( 192 )
( f t )( f t )( lbf s )( 192 )
( 35 ft )
LdAT C ( 1 )
dX
RA( X1 P )
=
FA 0
dL
Donde
RA=
k PA PB
( 1+ K A P A + K B P B+ K C PC )
RA=
k P0 ( 1X )
1 X
X
1+ ( K A P0 + K B P0 )
P + K C P0
P
2 X
2X
1X
kP
2X
2
0
RA=
)P
1
1X
X
P
+ K A +KB )
+K C
2 2 (
2X
2X
P0 P
2
0
RA=
) (
)]
k P20 (1 X 2)
2X
+ ( K A + K B ) P0 ( 1X ) + K C P 0 X
P2
LAT B (1 ) K P20
=
FA0
K 2=( K C K A K B ) P0
Entonces
K 1=( K A + K S ) P0
( 1 X )
dX
=
dL
2 X
+ K1+ K2 X
P
K=0.1118
gmol
gcarhat m2
K A =0.475 at m1
K B =0.322 at m1
K C =0.414 at m1
Por lo tanto
T
LAT B ( 1 ) K P20
=
=
FA 0
( 35 ft ) 3.14
4
( )(
) (
=85.958 T
0=
0=
)(
6.531
f t h
13207 lbm
104
378.09+
2
T
lbm
T
ft h
0.24693 8.6255
T
T2
Para L= 10 ft,
DP =
1
16 in,
L= 10ft,
T =2.16 tubes
=9.05103 cp
A=2.15 in2
P
=0.46
P ia
Entonces,
X=0.8;
P*=0.7537