Práctica 06 Tecnicas de Las Altas Tensiones I
Práctica 06 Tecnicas de Las Altas Tensiones I
Práctica 06 Tecnicas de Las Altas Tensiones I
I.
INTRODUCCIN
II.
OBJETIVO
III.
INTRODUCCIN TERICA
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
[1]
IV.
DESARROLLO
Hilos de guarda:
XL= 0.9942 /km
R=5.7168 /km
rext=1.16 cm
La longitud del
cable de 1 km, y
la resistividad del
terreno es de 100
m.
Bergeron.
PI.
Dimensiones del
cable:
a= 0.00597 m
b= 0.01234 m
c= 0.01337 m
rext= 0.015 m
Separacin entre
cables de 30 cm.
Estn enterrados a
una profundidad
de 2m, la
resistividad del
terreno es de 100
m, y la longitud
del cable es de
400 m
La permitividad
relativa del
aislamiento XLPE
es de 2.4 y la del
forro de PVC es
de 6. La
resistividad del
cobre junto con la
pantalla de plomo
es de 1.8 E-8.
V.
ANALISIS DE RESULTADOS.
Dimensiones del
cable:
a= 0.0489 m
b= 0.0769 m
c= 0.08 m
rext= 0.12 m
Separacin entre
cables de 30 cm.
Estn enterrados a
una profundidad
de 1.5 m, la
resistividad del
terreno es de 100
m, y la longitud
del cable es de
500 m
La permitividad
relativa del
aislamiento XLPE
es de 2.4 y la del
forro de PVC es
de 6. La
resistividad del
cobre junto con la
pantalla de plomo
es de 1.8 E-8.
230 kV, 60 Hz.
VI.
-
CUESTIONARIO
Donde
Zp= impedancia propia, en la diagonal
principal de la matriz [Z].
Zm= impedancia mutua, fuera de la diagonal
principal de la matriz [Z].
Z0, Z1 y Z2= impedancias de secuencia cero,
positiva y negativa del arreglo.
Demuestre dicha ecuacin.
Para la obtencin de la matriz de impedancias
de fase se utiliza la reduccin de Kron,
[
[
]
] [
[
] [
Donde
] [
y AS:
[
CONCLUSIONES
REFERENCIAS
[
[1] http://es.wikipedia.org/
ANEXOS
ANEXO A
A1. Anlisis con el modelo de Bergeron, para la lnea del primer ejemplo.
Marker card preceding new EMTP data case.
|LINE CONSTANTS
|$ERASE
|METRIC
3.2 -4.1
30.
3.2
0.0
30.
3.2
4.1
30.
1.1
-2.3 32.3
1.1
2.3 32.2
*** Warning. Not all conductors involve the skin effect. This is dangerous if frequency is not
low.
Frequency card. 1.000E+02 6.000E+01 1.000E+00 | 100.
1-9
60.
1.
Diameter Horizontal
X(ohm/km) or GMR
( cm )
X (mtrs)
.00000
.16960
.280200
3.20000
-4.100
30.000
.00000
.16960
.280200
3.20000
0.000
30.000
.00000
.16960
.280200
3.20000
4.100
30.000
.00000
5.71680
.994200
1.10000
-2.300
32.300
.00000
5.71680
.994200
1.10000
2.300
32.267
Matrices are for earth resistivity = 1.00000000E+02 ohm-meters and frequency 6.00000000E+01
Hz. Correction factor =
1.00000000E-06
ohms/km
s/km
real
imag
lossless
velocity in [km/sec]
Eigenvector matrix [Ti] for current transformation: I-phase = [Ti]*I-mode. First the real part,
row by row:
5.740393638754545E-01 7.072461781446656E-01-4.177895843449381E-01
5.826718979626517E-01 1.699091534861004E-04 8.068180820853014E-01
5.752739368664046E-01-7.069670411882399E-01-4.177150512597166E-01
Finally, the imaginary part, row by row:
-2.270240289273458E-03-3.190639901609280E-04-2.231350964090975E-03
4.574517575080764E-03 4.622328367805165E-04-1.868144511630060E-03
-2.466861624927541E-03-3.191287571477518E-04-1.453510622835010E-03
Z-surge in the phase domain. Resistance and the imaginary part of [Ti] are ignored.
4.956717902078994E+02
1.720471641261380E+02 4.856220959009074E+02
1.376805647076954E+02 1.719489958231598E+02 4.955222040051137E+02
Blank card terminating frequency cards.
Request for flushing of punch buffer.
A listing of 80-column card images now being flushed from punch buffer follows.
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1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
=======================================================================
========
C <++++++> Cards punched by support routine on 13-Oct-11 19:49:33 <++++++>
C **** UNTRANSPOSED K.C. Lee line calculated at 6.000E+01 HZ. ****
C LINE CONSTANTS
C $ERASE
C BRANCH IN___AOUT__AIN___BOUT__BIN___COUT__C
C METRIC
C 1 0.0 0.1696 0 0.2802
3.2
-4.1
30.
30.
3.2
0.0
30.
30.
3.2
4.1
30.
30.
1.1
1.1
100.
60.
1.
1-9
-2IN___BOUT__B
-3IN___COUT__C
$VINTAGE, 0
0.57403936 0.70724618 -0.41778958
-0.00227024 -0.00031906 -0.00223135
0.58267190 0.00016991 0.80681808
0.00457452 0.00046223 -0.00186814
0.57527394 -0.70696704 -0.41771505
-0.00246686 -0.00031913 -0.00145351
=========< End of LUNIT7 punched cards as flushed by $PUNCH request >=======
0.000
0.000
0.000
A2. Anlisis con el modelo PI, para la lnea del primer ejemplo.
Request for metric (not English) units.
|METRIC
3.2 -4.1
30.
3.2
0.0
30.
3.2
4.1
30.
1.1
2.3 32.2
Diameter Horizontal
X(ohm/km) or GMR
( cm )
X (mtrs)
.00000
.16960
.280200
3.20000
-4.100
30.000
.00000
.16960
.280200
3.20000
0.000
30.000
.00000
.16960
.280200
3.20000
4.100
30.000
.00000
5.71680
.994200
1.10000
-2.300
32.300
.00000
5.71680
.994200
1.10000
2.300
32.267
Matrices are for earth resistivity = 1.00000000E+02 ohm-meters and frequency 6.00000000E+01
Hz. Correction factor =
1.00000000E-06
1 8.331012E-09
2 -1.551539E-09 8.845959E-09
Capacitance matrix, in units of [farads/kmeter ] for the system of equivalent phase conductors.
Rows and columns proceed in the same order as the sorted input.
1 8.331012E-09
2 -1.551539E-09 8.845959E-09
0 5.936467E-09
0.000000E+00
1 4.597627E-11 -3.515286E-10
-8.364153E-11 -6.095988E-10
1 2.247280E-01
7.933535E-01
2 5.512649E-02 2.247280E-01
4.067677E-01 7.933535E-01
Impedance matrix, in units of [ohms/kmeter ] for the system of equivalent phase conductors.
Rows and columns proceed in the same order as the sorted input.
1 2.694489E-01
7.636424E-01
2 1.023462E-01 2.749714E-01
3.757410E-01 7.608856E-01
Impedance matrix, in units of [ohms/kmeter ] for symmetrical components of the equivalent phase
conductor
Rows proceed in the sequence (0, 1, 2), (0, 1, 2), etc.; columns proceed in the sequence (0, 2, 1),
(0, 2, 1), etc.
0 4.739297E-01
1.480297E+00
1 -1.535919E-02 -2.998487E-02
-5.516289E-03 1.764560E-02
**** Warning. The following velocity of propagation for the positive sequence exceeds the speed
of light.
Does the user`s data possibly ignore the skin effect (dangerous if frequency is not low)?
Sequence
Surge impedance
Susceptance
km/sec
km
ohm/km
Reactance
ohm/km
A3. Anlisis con el modelo de Bergeron, para el cable del primer ejemplo.
Comment card. KOMPAR > 0.
|C data:CABLE1.DAT
| 2 2 2
|
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.015
100.
1.
-0.3
1.
0.015
2.4 1.8E-8
0.015
2.4 1.8E-8
3 0 0
1.
0.015
2.4 1.8E-8
2.015
60.
0.0
400.
1.
2.015
1.60759E-04
2.16363E-04
1.60759E-04
2.16363E-04
1.60759E-04
2.16363E-04
.0000
.3000
Frequency 6.00000000E+01 Hz
Grounding reduces matrix order from 6 to 3.
Eigenvector rotation has been made.
Modal transformation matrices follow. These are complex, with the real part displayed above the
imaginary part.
The current transformation matrix [Ti] follows. The transpose of this is the inverse of the voltage
transformation matrix.
By definition, [Ti] gives the mapping from modal to phase variables: i-phase = [Ti] * i-mode
.3364358
-.5 -.336435
.3364358
0.5 -.336435
Voltage transformation matrix [Tv]. This gives the mapping from modal to phase variables: vphase = [Tv] * v-mode
.9715089
-1. -.514662
.9715089
1.0 -.514662
Modal components
Mode Attenuation Velocity
(Ohm) Charact. Admit. (S)
No.
Imag.
(db/km) (m/mic.s)
Impedance (Ohm/m)
Real
Imag.
Real
Admittance (S/m)
Imag.
Real
Charact. imp.
Imag.
Real
20.472 -
30.943 -
39.783 -
A listing of 80-column card images now being flushed from punch buffer follows.
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C <++++++> Cards punched by support routine on 13-Oct-11 21:02:01 <++++++>
C CABLE CONSTANTS
C CABLE PARAMETERS
C BRANCH IN___AOUT__AIN___BOUT__BIN___COUT__C
2 -1 3
C
C
C
C
C
3 0 0
2 2
0.0 0.00597 0.01234 0.01337
1.8E-8
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.8E-8
1.
1.
2.015
-0.3
2.015
100.
1.
1.
60.
1.
2.015
400.
1.
0.015
2.4 1.8E-8
0.0
1.
0.015
2.4 1.8E-8
2.4 1.8E-8
0.015
1.
0.3
$VINTAGE, 1
C Branch cards for constant-parameter distributed:
-1IN___AOUT__A
-2IN___BOUT__B
-3IN___COUT__C
A4. Anlisis con el modelo PI, para el cable del primer ejemplo.
Cable conductor numbers. 2 2 2
Radii. .00 .01 .01 .01 .01
| 2 2 2
|
1.
1.
0.015
2.4 1.8E-8
1.
1.
1.
2.4 1.8E-8
1.
2.015
1.
-0.3
100.
0.015
0.015
2.4 1.8E-8
2.015
60.
0.0
400.
1.60759E-04
1.
2.16363E-04
1.
2.015
1.60759E-04
2.16363E-04
1.60759E-04
2.16363E-04
-.3000
.0000
.3000
Frequency 6.00000000E+01 Hz
Grounding reduces matrix order from 6 to 3.
2 -1 3
C
C
C
C
C
3 0 0
2 2
0.0 0.00597 0.01234 0.01337
1.8E-8
1.
1.
2.4 1.8E-8
1.
1.
2.4 1.8E-8
0.015
1.
1.
0.015
1.
0.015
1.
1.8E-8
1.
1.
2.015
-0.3
2.015
100.
60.
2.4 1.8E-8
0.0
400.
1.
2.015
1.
0.3
2IN___BOUT__B
A5. Anlisis con el modelo PI, para la lnea de transmisin del primer ejercicio.
Capacitance matrix, in units of [farads/kmeter ] for the system of physical conductors.
Rows and columns proceed in the same order as the sorted input.
1 1.783804E-08
2 -1.658314E-10 1.790771E-08
6.361822E-09
-5.379653E-10 6.361822E-09
Capacitance matrix, in units of [farads/kmeter ] for the system of equivalent phase conductors.
Rows and columns proceed in the same order as the sorted input.
1 9.713951E-09
2 -1.485114E-09 1.025189E-08
0 7.572345E-09
0.000000E+00
1 7.267104E-11 -4.143114E-10
-1.258699E-10 -7.176084E-10
Inverted impedance matrix, in units of [mho-kmeter ] for the system of physical conductors.
Rows and columns proceed in the same order as the sorted input.
1 1.322803E-02
7.084207E+00
2 7.396173E-03 1.221871E-02
1.020747E-01 7.059735E+00
1.667016E-01
-3.683653E-02
-7.431507E-04 1.667016E-01
-1.451531E-03 -3.683653E-02
Both "R" and "X" are in [ohms]; "C" are in [microFarads].
**** Warning. The following velocity of propagation for the positive sequence exceeds the speed
of light.
Does the user`s data possibly ignore the skin effect (dangerous if frequency is not low)?
Sequence
Surge impedance
Susceptance
km/sec
km
ohm/km
Reactance
ohm/km
Inverted impedance matrix, in units of [mho-kmeter ] for the system of equivalent phase
conductors.
Rows and columns proceed in the same order as the sorted input.
1 7.696400E-02
-2.464209E+00
2 6.840034E-02 6.761424E-02
9.358662E-01 -2.728543E+00
0 2.109141E-01
-9.777866E-01
1 -5.075929E-02 -3.322628E-01
-3.305819E-02 1.951236E-01
|$PUNCH
A listing of 80-column card images now being flushed from punch buffer follows.
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C <++++++> Cards punched by support routine on 13-Oct-11 17:40:25 <++++++>
C LINE CONSTANTS
C $ERASE
C $UNITS, 60., 0.0
C BRANCH IN___AOUT__AIN___BOUT__BIN___COUT__C
C METRIC
C 1 0.0 6.E-5 0 2.36E-4 6.56844 -20.
40.
40.
30. -90.
0.0
40.
40.
30. -90.
20.
40.
40.
30. -90.
1.1
-10.
49.
49.
0.0 0.0
1.1
10.
49.
49.
0.0 0.0
40.
60.
44
$VINTAGE, 1
$UNITS, 60., 0.0,
1IN___AOUT__A
2IN___BOUT__B
0.016
0.000
0.016
A6. Anlisis con el modelo PI, para el cable del segundo ejercicio.
3 -phase SC cable with 6 conductors. 3 grounded. Total # of conductors = 3
Under-ground cable
Cable constants
Phase 1 Boundary radii ;
1 0.00000E+00 2 4.89000E-02 3 7.69000E-02 4 8.00000E-02 5 1.27000E-01
Resistivity(ohm-m): Core 1.80000000E-08, Sheath 1.80000000E-08, Armor
1.00000000E-08
Relative permeability; 1.00000000E+00, 1.00000000E+00, 1.00000000E+00
Insulator: 1; (Relative) Permeability 1.0 Permittivity 2.40 Velocity(m/s)
1.93515E+08
Insulator: 2; (Relative) Permeability 1.0 Permittivity 1.00 Velocity(m/s)
2.99793E+08
DC resistance(ohm/m),
2.39610E-06
1.17798E-05
2.39610E-06
1.17798E-05
2.39610E-06
1.17798E-05
.0000
-.1300
.1300
Frequency 6.00000000E+01 Hz
Grounding reduces matrix order from 6 to 3.
A listing of 80-column card images now being flushed from punch buffer follows.
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C <++++++> Cards punched by support routine on 13-Oct-11 17:48:48 <++++++>
C CABLE CONSTANTS
C CABLE PARAMETERS
C BRANCH IN___AOUT__AIN___BOUT__BIN___COUT__C
C
2 -1 3
C
C
C
3 0 0
2 2
0.0 0.0489 0.0769
1.8E-8
1.
1.
0.08
0.127
2.4 1.8E-8
0.08
0.127
1.
1.
C
C
1.8E-8
1.
2.4 1.8E-8
1.8E-8
1.5
1.
1.
1.
0.0 1.7248
100.
60.
0.08
1.
1.
1.
0.127
2.4 1.8E-8
-0.13 1.7248
500.
1.
0.13
2IN___BOUT__B