Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Inria, Sep 1, 2005
Certu centre d'Études sur les réseaux, les transports, l'urbanisme et les constructions publiques... more Certu centre d'Études sur les réseaux, les transports, l'urbanisme et les constructions publiques 9, rue Juliette Récamier 69456 Lyon Cedex 06 téléphone: 04 72 74 58 00 télécopie: 04 72 74 59 00 www.certu.fr Sétra service d'Études techniques des routes et des autoroutes 46, avenue Aristide Briand B.P. 100 92225 Bagneux téléphone: 01 46 11 31 31 télécopie: 01 46 11 31 69 www.setra.fr Difficultés rencontrées lors de l'étude de l'influence des écrans acoustiques sur la dispersion de la pollution LE CAS DE GIVORS Avis aux lecteurs La collection Rapports d'étude du Certu se compose de publications proposant des informations inédites, analysant et explorant de nouveaux champs d'investigation. Cependant l'évolution des idées est susceptible de remettre en cause le contenu de ces rapports. Le Certu publie aussi les collections : Dossiers: Ouvrages faisant le point sur un sujet précis assez limité, correspondant soit à une technique nouvelle, soit à un problème nouveau non traité dans la littérature courante. Le sujet de l'ouvrage s'adresse plutôt aux professionnels confirmés. Le Certu s'engage sur le contenu mais la nouveauté ou la difficulté des sujets concernés implique un certain droit à l'erreur. Références: Cette collection comporte les guides techniques, les ouvrages méthodologiques et les autres ouvrages qui, sur un champ donné assez vaste, présentent de manière pédagogique ce que le professionnel courant doit savoir. Le Certu s'engage sur le contenu. Débats : Publications recueillant des contributions d'experts d'origines diverses, autour d'un thème spécifique. Les contributions présentées n'engagent que leurs auteurs. Catalogue des publications disponible sur http://www.certu.fr Difficultés rencontrées lors de l'étude de l'influence des écrans acoustiques sur la dispersion de la pollution Certu-septembre 2006 3 NOTICE ANALYTIQUE Organismes commanditaires : CERTU, SETRA Titre : Difficultés rencontrées lors de l'étude de l'influence des écrans acoustiques sur la dispersion de la pollution Sous-titre : Le cas de Givors Date d'achèvement : septembre 2005
After a short review of the major boundary effects occurring in complex outdoor sound propagation... more After a short review of the major boundary effects occurring in complex outdoor sound propagation, the main prediction methods families dedicated to complex geometries are presented, focusing on the Boundary Element Method (BEM) and its extensions (Meteo-BEM. BEM-PE). The performance of such a model is enhanced when coupled to an optimization genetic algorithm. In a last section, a few applications to ground transport noise abatement are given.
Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd\u27hui de mieux connaître le ... more Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd\u27hui de mieux connaître le comportement du champ de pression acoustique à plus grande distance, en particulier des axes routiers et ferroviaires. Les effets météorologiques sur la propagation deviennent alors non négligeables. Dans ce contexte, un nouveau modèle a été développé : Météo-BEM, s\u27appuyant d\u27une part sur la méthode des éléments finis de frontière, qui permet la prise en compte de propriétés quelconques de la géométrie et de l\u27absorption des frontières du domaine de propagation, d\u27autre part sur des modèles récents de propagation en milieu inhomogène. La formulation adoptée repose sur la théorie des potentiels de couche et recourt à une fonction de Green basée sur la solution des modes normaux pour la réfraction vers le bas, et dans le cas de la réfraction vers le haut sur la solution de la série des résidus en zone d\u27ombre et le modèle géométrique en région éclairée. Cette nouvelle appro...
According to the World Health Organization, about 590 million people worldwide (around 10 per cen... more According to the World Health Organization, about 590 million people worldwide (around 10 per cent of the population) may be concerned by hearing loss. Although it ranks at number 6 of the largest contributors to the global burden of disease in Europe, hearing impairment is still quite unknown by the "city professionals" (town planners, architects, technicians…) as its effects on daily life remain unclear for most hearing people. Yet, the deaf and the hard of hearing people encounter everyday plenty of disabling situations due to an unsuitable environment created by-and for-hearing people. In this context, our work first aims at making an inventory of these situations. So as to achieve this goal, a multidisciplinary approach is chosen. On the one hand, interviews with deaf, hard of hearing people and hearing people concerned by deafness allow us to highlight the social taboo linked to this disability, and the different ways people deal with it. On the other hand, a state of the art is made concerning the psychoacoustics effects of a sensorineural hearing loss. This combined approach leads us to a classification of the disabling situations into three categories: situations of difficulty, stress or danger. This work will be carried on by trying to characterize the hearing impaired perception of an urban environment. The ultimate goal is to try to put forward solutions in order to improve the urban accessibility for these people, and also the urban quality for every city-dwellers, considering that everyone may experience some of these disabling situations (because of old age, foreign language, inconvenient public address system…).
In complex outdoor sound propagation meteorological effects as well as various absorbing properti... more In complex outdoor sound propagation meteorological effects as well as various absorbing properties and shapes of the boundaries need to be accounted for. This paper presents a hybrid GFPE-BEM method relying on the power of the BEM near obstacles and uneven topographies in order to compute the starting field which is then propagated thanks to the GFPE. The approach is firstly described. Then some numerical results are given for typical road traffic noise configurations with and without meteorological effects. The results show that this hybrid GFPE-BEM model can predict accurately the sound pressure levels in complex outdoor configurations.
Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd'hui de mieux connaitre le... more Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd'hui de mieux connaitre le comportement du champ de pression acoustique a plus grande distance, en particulier des axes routiers et ferroviaires. Les effets meteorologiques sur la propagation deviennent alors non negligeables. Dans ce contexte, un nouveau modele a ete developpe : Meteo-BEM, s'appuyant sur la methode des elements finis de frontiere, qui permet la prise en compte de proprietes quelconques de la geometrie et de l'absorption des frontieres du domaine de propagation, d'autre part sur des modeles recents de propagation en milieu inhomogene. La formulation adoptee repose sur la theorie des potentiels de couche et recourt a une fonction de Green basee sur la solution des modes normaux pour la refraction vers le bas, et dans le cas de la refraction vers le haut sur la solution de la serie des residus en zone d'ombre et le modele geometrique en region eclairee. Cette nouvelle approche est i...
The Harmonoise reference model has been developed in order to predict long-term average sound lev... more The Harmonoise reference model has been developed in order to predict long-term average sound levels in road and railway situations that are geometrically relatively simple but physically complex. The present paper describes all steps of calculations with this powerful model which includes several advanced numerical propagation methods to calculate the coupled effects of atmosphere, ground surface and obstacles on sound waves. The reference model employs a statistical description of the atmosphere, based on local meteorological data, as well as various impedance models for ground surfaces and other absorbing surfaces. Validations against in situ longterm measurements have been achieved in several sites; agreement between reference model and experimental results ranges from excellent in flat terrain situations down to fairly good in more complex configurations (hilly, viaduct).
Maud Priour , Eric Premat , Philippe Blanc-Benon 2 1 Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment... more Maud Priour , Eric Premat , Philippe Blanc-Benon 2 1 Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, 24rue Joseph Fourier, 38400 Saint Martin d’Hères, France, Email: [email protected] 2 Centre Acoustique; LMFA UMR CNRS 5509 ; Ecole Centrale de Lyon 36 Av. Guy de Collongue;F-69134 Ecully Cedex; Email: [email protected] 3 CETE, 46 rue Saint Théobald BP 128, 38081 L'isle d'Abeau Cedex, France ; Email: [email protected]
About 10% of the world population suffer from hearing losses and this proportion is about to incr... more About 10% of the world population suffer from hearing losses and this proportion is about to increase, especially in industrialised countries in which the number of elderly people is getting larger. Yet, the consequences of deafness on daily life and the solutions to improve accessibility for the hearing impaired are still quite unknown. After leading to a categorization of the disabling situations encountered by these people [1], our research aims at exploring the specificities of their environment perception. In this purpose, listening walks are performed with deaf, hard of hearing and normally hearing subjects. During their individual trip, they are asked to express themselves spontaneously and to fill in a questionnaire. At the same time, stereophonic recordings are made in order to be post-analysed. By crossing the so-obtained measures and the subjective evaluation made by the subjects, we can point out the very specificities of the hearing impaired perception of the sound ambi...
A number of reference numerical models can be used to perform outdoor sound propagation predictio... more A number of reference numerical models can be used to perform outdoor sound propagation prediction in a complex environment. Most of time, either they consume little computational time by not taking all phenomena into account at the same time, or they are more complete but their calculation times are prohibitive. This paper presents some principles which can be used in reference numerical models to reduce calculation times in predicting long-range outdoor sound propagation under complex environments. Limits, assumptions and approximations used to predict outdoor sound propagation are discussed here in terms of their impact on accuracy for typical road traffic configurations as a function of frequency, geometry of the site and atmospheric conditions.
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Inria, Sep 1, 2005
Certu centre d'Études sur les réseaux, les transports, l'urbanisme et les constructions publiques... more Certu centre d'Études sur les réseaux, les transports, l'urbanisme et les constructions publiques 9, rue Juliette Récamier 69456 Lyon Cedex 06 téléphone: 04 72 74 58 00 télécopie: 04 72 74 59 00 www.certu.fr Sétra service d'Études techniques des routes et des autoroutes 46, avenue Aristide Briand B.P. 100 92225 Bagneux téléphone: 01 46 11 31 31 télécopie: 01 46 11 31 69 www.setra.fr Difficultés rencontrées lors de l'étude de l'influence des écrans acoustiques sur la dispersion de la pollution LE CAS DE GIVORS Avis aux lecteurs La collection Rapports d'étude du Certu se compose de publications proposant des informations inédites, analysant et explorant de nouveaux champs d'investigation. Cependant l'évolution des idées est susceptible de remettre en cause le contenu de ces rapports. Le Certu publie aussi les collections : Dossiers: Ouvrages faisant le point sur un sujet précis assez limité, correspondant soit à une technique nouvelle, soit à un problème nouveau non traité dans la littérature courante. Le sujet de l'ouvrage s'adresse plutôt aux professionnels confirmés. Le Certu s'engage sur le contenu mais la nouveauté ou la difficulté des sujets concernés implique un certain droit à l'erreur. Références: Cette collection comporte les guides techniques, les ouvrages méthodologiques et les autres ouvrages qui, sur un champ donné assez vaste, présentent de manière pédagogique ce que le professionnel courant doit savoir. Le Certu s'engage sur le contenu. Débats : Publications recueillant des contributions d'experts d'origines diverses, autour d'un thème spécifique. Les contributions présentées n'engagent que leurs auteurs. Catalogue des publications disponible sur http://www.certu.fr Difficultés rencontrées lors de l'étude de l'influence des écrans acoustiques sur la dispersion de la pollution Certu-septembre 2006 3 NOTICE ANALYTIQUE Organismes commanditaires : CERTU, SETRA Titre : Difficultés rencontrées lors de l'étude de l'influence des écrans acoustiques sur la dispersion de la pollution Sous-titre : Le cas de Givors Date d'achèvement : septembre 2005
After a short review of the major boundary effects occurring in complex outdoor sound propagation... more After a short review of the major boundary effects occurring in complex outdoor sound propagation, the main prediction methods families dedicated to complex geometries are presented, focusing on the Boundary Element Method (BEM) and its extensions (Meteo-BEM. BEM-PE). The performance of such a model is enhanced when coupled to an optimization genetic algorithm. In a last section, a few applications to ground transport noise abatement are given.
Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd\u27hui de mieux connaître le ... more Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd\u27hui de mieux connaître le comportement du champ de pression acoustique à plus grande distance, en particulier des axes routiers et ferroviaires. Les effets météorologiques sur la propagation deviennent alors non négligeables. Dans ce contexte, un nouveau modèle a été développé : Météo-BEM, s\u27appuyant d\u27une part sur la méthode des éléments finis de frontière, qui permet la prise en compte de propriétés quelconques de la géométrie et de l\u27absorption des frontières du domaine de propagation, d\u27autre part sur des modèles récents de propagation en milieu inhomogène. La formulation adoptée repose sur la théorie des potentiels de couche et recourt à une fonction de Green basée sur la solution des modes normaux pour la réfraction vers le bas, et dans le cas de la réfraction vers le haut sur la solution de la série des résidus en zone d\u27ombre et le modèle géométrique en région éclairée. Cette nouvelle appro...
According to the World Health Organization, about 590 million people worldwide (around 10 per cen... more According to the World Health Organization, about 590 million people worldwide (around 10 per cent of the population) may be concerned by hearing loss. Although it ranks at number 6 of the largest contributors to the global burden of disease in Europe, hearing impairment is still quite unknown by the "city professionals" (town planners, architects, technicians…) as its effects on daily life remain unclear for most hearing people. Yet, the deaf and the hard of hearing people encounter everyday plenty of disabling situations due to an unsuitable environment created by-and for-hearing people. In this context, our work first aims at making an inventory of these situations. So as to achieve this goal, a multidisciplinary approach is chosen. On the one hand, interviews with deaf, hard of hearing people and hearing people concerned by deafness allow us to highlight the social taboo linked to this disability, and the different ways people deal with it. On the other hand, a state of the art is made concerning the psychoacoustics effects of a sensorineural hearing loss. This combined approach leads us to a classification of the disabling situations into three categories: situations of difficulty, stress or danger. This work will be carried on by trying to characterize the hearing impaired perception of an urban environment. The ultimate goal is to try to put forward solutions in order to improve the urban accessibility for these people, and also the urban quality for every city-dwellers, considering that everyone may experience some of these disabling situations (because of old age, foreign language, inconvenient public address system…).
In complex outdoor sound propagation meteorological effects as well as various absorbing properti... more In complex outdoor sound propagation meteorological effects as well as various absorbing properties and shapes of the boundaries need to be accounted for. This paper presents a hybrid GFPE-BEM method relying on the power of the BEM near obstacles and uneven topographies in order to compute the starting field which is then propagated thanks to the GFPE. The approach is firstly described. Then some numerical results are given for typical road traffic noise configurations with and without meteorological effects. The results show that this hybrid GFPE-BEM model can predict accurately the sound pressure levels in complex outdoor configurations.
Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd'hui de mieux connaitre le... more Dans le cadre de la lutte contre le bruit, il est important aujourd'hui de mieux connaitre le comportement du champ de pression acoustique a plus grande distance, en particulier des axes routiers et ferroviaires. Les effets meteorologiques sur la propagation deviennent alors non negligeables. Dans ce contexte, un nouveau modele a ete developpe : Meteo-BEM, s'appuyant sur la methode des elements finis de frontiere, qui permet la prise en compte de proprietes quelconques de la geometrie et de l'absorption des frontieres du domaine de propagation, d'autre part sur des modeles recents de propagation en milieu inhomogene. La formulation adoptee repose sur la theorie des potentiels de couche et recourt a une fonction de Green basee sur la solution des modes normaux pour la refraction vers le bas, et dans le cas de la refraction vers le haut sur la solution de la serie des residus en zone d'ombre et le modele geometrique en region eclairee. Cette nouvelle approche est i...
The Harmonoise reference model has been developed in order to predict long-term average sound lev... more The Harmonoise reference model has been developed in order to predict long-term average sound levels in road and railway situations that are geometrically relatively simple but physically complex. The present paper describes all steps of calculations with this powerful model which includes several advanced numerical propagation methods to calculate the coupled effects of atmosphere, ground surface and obstacles on sound waves. The reference model employs a statistical description of the atmosphere, based on local meteorological data, as well as various impedance models for ground surfaces and other absorbing surfaces. Validations against in situ longterm measurements have been achieved in several sites; agreement between reference model and experimental results ranges from excellent in flat terrain situations down to fairly good in more complex configurations (hilly, viaduct).
Maud Priour , Eric Premat , Philippe Blanc-Benon 2 1 Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment... more Maud Priour , Eric Premat , Philippe Blanc-Benon 2 1 Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, 24rue Joseph Fourier, 38400 Saint Martin d’Hères, France, Email: [email protected] 2 Centre Acoustique; LMFA UMR CNRS 5509 ; Ecole Centrale de Lyon 36 Av. Guy de Collongue;F-69134 Ecully Cedex; Email: [email protected] 3 CETE, 46 rue Saint Théobald BP 128, 38081 L'isle d'Abeau Cedex, France ; Email: [email protected]
About 10% of the world population suffer from hearing losses and this proportion is about to incr... more About 10% of the world population suffer from hearing losses and this proportion is about to increase, especially in industrialised countries in which the number of elderly people is getting larger. Yet, the consequences of deafness on daily life and the solutions to improve accessibility for the hearing impaired are still quite unknown. After leading to a categorization of the disabling situations encountered by these people [1], our research aims at exploring the specificities of their environment perception. In this purpose, listening walks are performed with deaf, hard of hearing and normally hearing subjects. During their individual trip, they are asked to express themselves spontaneously and to fill in a questionnaire. At the same time, stereophonic recordings are made in order to be post-analysed. By crossing the so-obtained measures and the subjective evaluation made by the subjects, we can point out the very specificities of the hearing impaired perception of the sound ambi...
A number of reference numerical models can be used to perform outdoor sound propagation predictio... more A number of reference numerical models can be used to perform outdoor sound propagation prediction in a complex environment. Most of time, either they consume little computational time by not taking all phenomena into account at the same time, or they are more complete but their calculation times are prohibitive. This paper presents some principles which can be used in reference numerical models to reduce calculation times in predicting long-range outdoor sound propagation under complex environments. Limits, assumptions and approximations used to predict outdoor sound propagation are discussed here in terms of their impact on accuracy for typical road traffic configurations as a function of frequency, geometry of the site and atmospheric conditions.
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