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Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics

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Swimming
at the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad
Pictograms for swimming (top) and marathon swimming (bottom)
VenueParis La Défense Arena (pool)
Pont Alexandre III (marathon)
Dates27 July – 4 August 2024 (pool)
8–9 August 2024 (marathon)
No. of events37 (18 men, 18 women, 1 mixed)
← 2020
2028 →

The swimming competitions at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris were held from 27 July to 9 August 2024. Pool events (27 July to 4 August) took place at the Paris La Défense Arena, with the two-day marathon swimming (8 to 9 August) staged at Pont Alexandre III through the Seine River.[1][2]

Events

[edit]

Similar to the 2020 program format, swimming features a total of 37 events (18 each for men and women and 1 mixed event), including two 10 km open-water marathons. The following events were contested (all pool events are long-course, and distances are in meters unless stated):

Schedule

[edit]

The swimming program schedule for Paris 2024 will occur in two segments. For the pool events, similar to the case for the 2012 Games, prelims ran in the morning, followed by the semifinal and final sessions in the evening and the night session (due to the substantial fees NBC has paid for rights to the Olympics, the IOC has allowed NBC to have influence on event scheduling to maximize U.S. television ratings when possible; NBC agreed to a $7.75 billion contract extension on 7 May 2014, to air the Olympics through the 2032 Games[3] and is also one of the major sources of revenue for the IOC).[4][5] Several significant changes are instituted to the swimming schedule, with the program extending to nine days for the first time as opposed to the regular eight-day format. The extra day would be used to alleviate the schedules of the swimmers who would compete in the individual and relay events at the same period. Moreover, it relieves a packed schedule that witnessed three new events added to the program at the previous Games.[6][7]

In February 2024, a change was announced to the original schedule for Days 5 and 6, after lobbying by the French swimming governing body to give Léon Marchand a chance to win both the men's 200 metre butterfly and 200 metre breaststroke events.[8][9] All events remain on the originally planned days, but the event order has been modified to create a longer gap between the 200 metre butterfly and 200 metre breaststroke events.

Legend
H Heats ½ Semi-finals F Final
M = Morning session, starting at 11:00 local time (09:00 UTC).
E = Evening session, starting at 20:30 local time (18:30 UTC).
Men's[6][10][11]
Date → 27 Jul 28 Jul 29 Jul 30 Jul 31 Jul 1 Aug 2 Aug 3 Aug 4 Aug 8 Aug 9 Aug
Event ↓ M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E
50 m freestyle H ½ F
100 m freestyle H ½ F
200 m freestyle H ½ F
400 m freestyle H F
800 m freestyle H F
1500 m freestyle H F
100 m backstroke H ½ F
200 m backstroke H ½ F
100 m breaststroke H ½ F
200 m breaststroke H ½ F
100 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m individual medley H ½ F
400 m individual medley H F
4 × 100 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 200 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 100 m medley relay H F
10 km open water F
Women's[6][10][11]
Date → 27 Jul 28 Jul 29 Jul 30 Jul 31 Jul 1 Aug 2 Aug 3 Aug 4 Aug 8 Aug 9 Aug
Event ↓ M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E
50 m freestyle H ½ F
100 m freestyle H ½ F
200 m freestyle H ½ F
400 m freestyle H F
800 m freestyle H F
1500 m freestyle H F
100 m backstroke H ½ F
200 m backstroke H ½ F
100 m breaststroke H ½ F
200 m breaststroke H ½ F
100 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m individual medley H ½ F
400 m individual medley H F
4 × 100 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 200 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 100 m medley relay H F
10 km open water F
Mixed[6][10][11]
Date → 27 Jul 28 Jul 29 Jul 30 Jul 31 Jul 1 Aug 2 Aug 3 Aug 4 Aug 8 Aug 9 Aug
Event ↓ M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E M E
4 × 100 m medley relay H F

Qualification

[edit]

Individual events

[edit]

World Aquatics establishes qualifying times for individual events. The time standards consist of two types, namely an "Olympic Qualifying Time" (OQT, colloquially known as the A-cut) and an "Olympic Consideration time" (OCT, colloquially known as the B-cut). Each country can enter a maximum of two swimmers per event, provided that they meet the (faster) qualifying time. A country can enter one swimmer per event that meets the invitation standard. Any swimmer who meets the "qualifying" time will be entered into the event for the Games; a swimmer meeting the "invitation" standard is eligible for entry allotted by ranking. If a country does not have a swimmer who meets either of the qualifying standards, it may have entered one male and one female. A country that does not receive an allocation spot but enters at least one swimmer achieving a qualifying standard might have entered those with the highest ranking.[12][13]

Relay events

[edit]

Each relay event features 16 teams, composed of the following:[12][14]

All athletes entered in individual events can be used in relays, even if they have not achieved the OCT for the corresponding stroke and distance of the relay in which they are entered.[15] Relay teams may compose of additional athletes according to the number of events they have qualified for.

Open-water swimming

[edit]

The men's and women's 10 km races featured 22 swimmers each, three less than those in the Tokyo 2020 roster:[16][17]

  • 3: the three medalists in the 10 km races at the 2023 World Aquatics Championships in Fukuoka, Japan
  • 13: the top thirteen swimmers vying for qualification at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships in Doha, Qatar
  • 5: one representative from each FINA continent (Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania).
  • 1: from the host nation (France) if not qualified by other means. If one or more French open water swimmers qualify regularly and directly, their slots will be reallocated to the next highest-ranked eligible swimmers from the 2024 World Aquatics Championships.

Medal summary

[edit]

Medal table

[edit]

  *   Host nation (France)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States813728
2 Australia79319
3 France*4127
4 Canada3238
5 Hungary3115
6 China23712
7 Italy2136
8 Sweden2002
9 Great Britain1405
10 Germany1113
11 South Africa1102
12 Ireland1023
 Netherlands1023
14 Romania1012
15 Greece0101
 Japan0101
17 Hong Kong0022
18 South Korea0011
 Switzerland0011
Totals (19 entries)373836111

Men's events

[edit]
Event Gold Silver Bronze
50 m freestyle
details
Cameron McEvoy
 Australia
21.25 Ben Proud
 Great Britain
21.30 Florent Manaudou
 France
21.56
100 m freestyle
details
Pan Zhanle
 China
46.40 WR Kyle Chalmers
 Australia
47.48 David Popovici
 Romania
47.49
200 m freestyle
details
David Popovici
 Romania
1:44.72 Matthew Richards
 Great Britain
1:44.74 Luke Hobson
 United States
1:44.79
400 m freestyle
details
Lukas Märtens
 Germany
3:41.78 Elijah Winnington
 Australia
3:42.21 Kim Woo-min
 South Korea
3:42.50
800 m freestyle
details
Daniel Wiffen
 Ireland
7:38.19 OR, ER Bobby Finke
 United States
7:38.75 Gregorio Paltrinieri
 Italy
7:39.38
1500 m freestyle
details
Bobby Finke
 United States
14:30.67 WR Gregorio Paltrinieri
 Italy
14:34.55 Daniel Wiffen
 Ireland
14:39.63
100 m backstroke
details
Thomas Ceccon
 Italy
52.00 Xu Jiayu
 China
52.32 Ryan Murphy
 United States
52.39
200 m backstroke
details
Hubert Kós
 Hungary
1:54.26 Apostolos Christou
 Greece
1:54.82 NR Roman Mityukov
 Switzerland
1:54.85 NR
100 m breaststroke
details
Nicolò Martinenghi
 Italy
59.03 Adam Peaty
 Great Britain
Nic Fink
 United States
59.05 Not awarded
as there was a tie for silver.
200 m breaststroke
details
Léon Marchand
 France
2:05.85 OR, ER Zac Stubblety-Cook
 Australia
2:06.79 Caspar Corbeau
 Netherlands
2:07.90
100 m butterfly
details
Kristóf Milák
 Hungary
49.90 Josh Liendo
 Canada
49.99 NR Ilya Kharun
 Canada
50.45
200 m butterfly
details
Léon Marchand
 France
1:51.21 OR, NR Kristóf Milák
 Hungary
1:51.75 Ilya Kharun
 Canada
1:52.80 NR
200 m individual medley
details
Léon Marchand
 France
1:54.06 OR, ER Duncan Scott
 Great Britain
1:55.31 Wang Shun
 China
1:56.00
400 m individual medley
details
Léon Marchand
 France
4:02.95 OR Tomoyuki Matsushita
 Japan
4:08.62 Carson Foster
 United States
4:08.66
4 × 100 m freestyle relay
details
 United States
Jack Alexy (47.67)
Chris Guiliano (47.33)
Hunter Armstrong (46.75)
Caeleb Dressel (47.53)
Ryan Held[b]
Matt King[b]
3:09.28  Australia
Jack Cartwright (48.03)
Flynn Southam (48.00)
Kai Taylor (47.73)
Kyle Chalmers (46.59)
William Yang[b]
3:10.35  Italy
Alessandro Miressi (48.04)
Thomas Ceccon (47.44)
Paolo Conte Bonin (48.16)
Manuel Frigo (47.06)
Lorenzo Zazzeri[b]
Leonardo Deplano[b]
3:10.70
4 × 200 m freestyle relay
details
 Great Britain
James Guy (1:45.09)
Tom Dean (1:45.28)
Matt Richards (1:45.11)
Duncan Scott (1:43.95)
Jack McMillan[b]
Kieran Bird[b]
6:59.43  United States
Luke Hobson (1:45.55)
Carson Foster (1:45.31)
Drew Kibler (1:45.12)
Kieran Smith (1:44.80)
Brooks Curry[b]
Blake Pieroni[b]
Chris Guiliano[b]
7:00.78  Australia
Maximillian Giuliani (1:45.99)
Flynn Southam (1:45.53)
Elijah Winnington (1:45.19)
Thomas Neill (1:45.27)
Kai Taylor[b]
Zac Incerti[b]
7:01.98
4 × 100 m medley relay
details
 China
Xu Jiayu (52.37)
Qin Haiyang (57.98)
Sun Jiajun (51.19)
Pan Zhanle (45.92)
Wang Changhao[b]
3:27.46  United States
Ryan Murphy (52.44)
Nic Fink (58.97)
Caeleb Dressel (49.41)
Hunter Armstrong (47.19)
Charlie Swanson[b]
Thomas Heilman[b]
Jack Alexy[b]
3:28.01  France
Yohann Ndoye-Brouard (52.60)
Léon Marchand (58.62)
Maxime Grousset (49.57)
Florent Manaudou (47.59)
Clément Secchi[b]
Rafael Fente-Damers[b]
3:28.38 NR
10 km open water
details
Kristóf Rasovszky
 Hungary
1:50:52.7 Oliver Klemet
 Germany
1:50:54.8 Dávid Betlehem
 Hungary
1:51:09.0

Women's events

[edit]
Event Gold Silver Bronze
50 m freestyle
details
Sarah Sjöström
 Sweden
23.71 Meg Harris
 Australia
23.97 Zhang Yufei
 China
24.20
100 m freestyle
details
Sarah Sjöström
 Sweden
52.16 Torri Huske
 United States
52.29 Siobhán Haughey
 Hong Kong
52.33
200 m freestyle
details
Mollie O'Callaghan
 Australia
1:53.27 OR Ariarne Titmus
 Australia
1:53.81 Siobhán Haughey
 Hong Kong
1:54.55
400 m freestyle
details
Ariarne Titmus
 Australia
3:57.49 Summer McIntosh
 Canada
3:58.37 Katie Ledecky
 United States
4:00.86
800 m freestyle
details
Katie Ledecky
 United States
8:11.04 Ariarne Titmus
 Australia
8:12.29 OC Paige Madden
 United States
8:13.00
1500 m freestyle
details
Katie Ledecky
 United States
15:30.02 OR Anastasiya Kirpichnikova
 France
15:40.35 NR Isabel Marie Gose
 Germany
15:41.16 NR
100 m backstroke
details
Kaylee McKeown
 Australia
57.33 OR, =OC Regan Smith
 United States
57.66 Katharine Berkoff
 United States
57.98
200 m backstroke
details
Kaylee McKeown
 Australia
2:03.73 OR Regan Smith
 United States
2:04.26 Kylie Masse
 Canada
2:05.57
100 m breaststroke
details
Tatjana Smith
 South Africa
1:05.28 Tang Qianting
 China
1:05.54 Mona McSharry
 Ireland
1:05.59
200 m breaststroke
details
Kate Douglass
 United States
2:19.24 AM Tatjana Smith
 South Africa
2:19.60 Tes Schouten
 Netherlands
2:21.05
100 m butterfly
details
Torri Huske
 United States
55.59 Gretchen Walsh
 United States
55.63 Zhang Yufei
 China
56.21
200 m butterfly
details
Summer McIntosh
 Canada
2:03.03 OR, WJ, AM Regan Smith
 United States
2:03.84 NR Zhang Yufei
 China
2:05.09
200 m individual medley
details
Summer McIntosh
 Canada
2:06.56 OR, WJ, NR Kate Douglass
 United States
2:06.92 Kaylee McKeown
 Australia
2:08.08
400 m individual medley
details
Summer McIntosh
 Canada
4:27.71 Katie Grimes
 United States
4:33.40 Emma Weyant
 United States
4:34.93
4 × 100 m freestyle relay
details
 Australia
Mollie O'Callaghan (52.24)
Shayna Jack (52.35)
Emma McKeon (52.39)
Meg Harris (51.94)
Olivia Wunsch[b]
Bronte Campbell[b]
3:28.92 OR  United States
Kate Douglass (52.98)
Gretchen Walsh (52.55)
Torri Huske (52.06)
Simone Manuel (52.61)
Abbey Weitzeil[b]
Erika Connolly[b]
3:30.20 AM  China
Yang Junxuan (52.48)
Cheng Yujie (52.76)
Zhang Yufei (52.75)
Wu Qingfeng (52.31)
Yu Yiting[b]
3:30.30 AS
4 × 200 m freestyle relay
details
 Australia
Mollie O'Callaghan (1:53.52)
Lani Pallister (1:55.61)
Brianna Throssell (1:56.00)
Ariarne Titmus (1:52.95)
Jamie Perkins[b]
Shayna Jack[b]
7:38.08 OR  United States
Claire Weinstein (1:54.88)
Paige Madden (1:55.63)
Katie Ledecky (1:54.93)
Erin Gemmell (1:55.40)
Anna Peplowski[b]
Simone Manuel[b]
Alex Shackell[b]
7:40.86  China
Yang Junxuan (1:54.52)
Li Bingjie (1:55.05)
Ge Chutong (1:57.45)
Liu Yaxin (1:55.32)
Tang Muhan[b]
Kong Yaqi[b]
7:42.34
4 × 100 m medley relay
details
 United States
Regan Smith (57.28) OR
Lilly King (1:04.90)
Gretchen Walsh (55.03)
Torri Huske (52.42)
Katharine Berkoff[b]
Emma Weber[b]
Alex Shackell[b]
Kate Douglass[b]
3:49.63 WR  Australia
Kaylee McKeown (57.72)
Jenna Strauch (1:07.31)
Emma McKeon (56.25)
Mollie O'Callaghan (51.83)
Iona Anderson[b]
Ella Ramsay[b]
Alexandria Perkins[b]
Meg Harris[b]
3:53.11  China
Wan Letian (59.81)
Tang Qianting (1:05.79)
Zhang Yufei (55.52)
Yang Junxuan (52.11)
Wang Xue'er[b]
Yu Yiting[b]
Wu Qingfeng[b]
3:53.23
10 km open water
details
Sharon van Rouwendaal
 Netherlands
2:03:34.2 Moesha Johnson
 Australia
2:03:39.7 Ginevra Taddeucci
 Italy
2:03:42.8

b Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.

Mixed events

[edit]
Event Gold Silver Bronze
4 × 100 m medley relay
details
 United States
Ryan Murphy (52.08)
Nic Fink (58.29)
Gretchen Walsh (55.18)
Torri Huske (51.88)
Regan Smith[b]
Charlie Swanson[b]
Caeleb Dressel[b]
Abbey Weitzeil[b]
3:37.43 WR  China
Xu Jiayu (52.13)
Qin Haiyang (57.82)
Zhang Yufei (55.64)
Yang Junxuan (51.96)
Tang Qianting[b]
Pan Zhanle[b]
3:37.55 AS  Australia
Kaylee McKeown (57.90)
Joshua Yong (58.43)
Matthew Temple (50.42)
Mollie O'Callaghan (52.01)
Iona Anderson[b]
Zac Stubblety-Cook[b]
Emma McKeon[b]
Kyle Chalmers[b]
3:38.76 OC

b Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.

Records

[edit]

The following world and Olympic records were set during the competition:

World records

[edit]
Date Round Event Time Name Nation
31 July Final Men's 100 metre freestyle 46.40 Pan Zhanle  China
3 August Final Mixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay 3:37.43 Ryan Murphy (52.08)
Nic Fink (58.29)
Gretchen Walsh (55.18)
Torri Huske (51.88)
 United States
4 August Final Men's 1500 metre freestyle 14:30.67 Bobby Finke  United States
4 August Final Women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay 3:49.63 Regan Smith (57.28)
Lilly King (1:04.90)
Gretchen Walsh (55.03)
Torri Huske (52.42)
 United States

Olympic records

[edit]
Date Round Event Established for Time Name Nation
27 July Semifinal 1 Women's 100 metre butterfly (same) 55.38 Gretchen Walsh  United States
27 July Final Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay (same) 3:28.92 Mollie O'Callaghan (52.24)
Shayna Jack (52.35)
Emma McKeon (52.39)
Meg Harris (51.94)
 Australia
27 July Final Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay Men's 100 metre freestyle 46.92 Pan Zhanle  China
28 July Final Men's 400 metre individual medley (same) 4:02.95 Léon Marchand  France
29 July Final Women's 200 metre freestyle (same) 1:53.27 Mollie O'Callaghan  Australia
30 July Final Women's 100 metre backstroke (same) 57.33 Kaylee McKeown  Australia
30 July Final Men's 800 metre freestyle (same) 7:38.19 Daniel Wiffen  Ireland
31 July Final Men's 200 metre butterfly (same) 1:51.21 Léon Marchand  France
31 July Final Women's 1500 metre freestyle (same) 15:30.02 Katie Ledecky  United States
31 July Final Men's 200 metre breaststroke (same) 2:05.85 Léon Marchand  France
1 August Final Women's 200 metre butterfly (same) 2:03.03 Summer McIntosh  Canada
1 August Final Women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay (same) 7:38.08 Mollie O'Callaghan (1:53.52)
Lani Pallister (1:55.61)
Brianna Throssell (1:56.00)
Ariarne Titmus (1:52.95)
 Australia
2 August Final Women's 200 metre backstroke (same) 2:03.73 Kaylee McKeown  Australia
2 August Final Men's 200 metre individual medley (same) 1:54.06 Léon Marchand  France
3 August Semifinal 2 Women's 50 metre freestyle (same) 23.66 Sarah Sjöström  Sweden
3 August Final Women's 200 metre individual medley (same) 2:06.56 Summer McIntosh  Canada
4 August Final Women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay Women's 100 metre backstroke 57.28 Regan Smith  United States

Chinese swimmers doping allegations

[edit]

On 20 April 2024, The New York Times revealed that 23 members of the Chinese swimming team tested positive for a performance-enhancing drug called Trimetazidine seven months prior to the start of the 2020 Summer Games and were allowed to participate in the games with some of the swimmers winning medals. Following the publication of the report, Travis Tygart, CEO of the United States Anti-Doping Agency, accused the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the China Anti-Doping Agency (CHINADA) of covering up doping by Chinese swimmers.[18][19]

WADA argued the amount detected was too low to enhance performance. CHINADA, who had reported the results to WADA and FINA (now World Aquatics), blamed them on contamination from a hotel kitchen, a rationale that potentially exempts findings from being made public.[20] WADA released a statement, explaining that "[it] was not possible for WADA scientists or investigators to conduct their enquiries on the ground in China given the extreme restrictions in place due to a COVID-related lockdown. WADA ultimately concluded that it was not in a position to disprove the possibility that contamination was the source of TMZ and it was compatible with the analytical data in the file."[21] World Aquatics's investigation agreed with WADA.[22]

After the story was leaked, WADA was criticised by the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) and athletes. WADA's choice of a Swiss attorney to lead an investigation into the matter also drew criticism because he was hand-picked by the agency.[23] Experts interviewed by The New York Times said trace amounts of TMZ can be detected near the end of a doping excretion period but could not rule out contamination either.[24]

In a second statement, Tygart accused both the WADA and the CHINADA for not being transparent about the findings and keeping "clean athletes in the dark". WADA was also accused of having a double-standard as Russian figure skater Kamila Valieva tested positive for TMZ and used the same excuse, but was subsequently banned for four years. WADA argued, based on non-published information and pharmacokinetics, that contamination would not have been possible in Valieva's case, but in the case of the Chinese swimmers, that no international competition was occurring around the time of the positive tests, only athletes who stayed at one of the hotels tested positive, and some individuals alternated between positive and negative results all point to contamination, not doping.[25][26] In May 2024, WADA announced that it held an extraordinary meeting to discuss the doping case of the Chinese swimmers.[27][28]

Eleven of the 23 swimmers involved in the controversy were named to the 2024 Chinese Olympic swimming team.[29]

On July 9, independent Swiss prosecutor Eric Cottier concluded that WADA did not mishandle the Chinese swimmers' doping case or show bias. His interim report stated, "There is nothing in the file... to suggest that WADA showed favouritism or in any way favoured the 23 swimmers who tested positive for trimetazidine (TMZ) between January 1 and 3, 2021." He also found no evidence of "interference or meddling" from within WADA, Chinada, or Chinese authorities. Cottier stated Wada's decision not to appeal against Chinada's conclusion was "reasonable, both from the point of view of the facts and the applicable rules". WADA President Witold Bańka welcomed the conclusion and reconfirmed the importance of clarifying these "two fundamental questions in advance of the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games."[30][31]

Per reports from multiple news outlets, the Chinese swimming delegation has reportedly been tested nearly 200 times since arriving in Paris.[32] According to World Aquatics on 2 August 2024, China’s swimmers in Paris have been tested an average of 21 times by various anti-doping organizations since the start of the year.[33] Drug-testing data in 2023 from the International Testing Agency also found that Chinese swimmers had been tested more often than swimmers of any other nationality even before news of their positive tests were made public.[34]

Former Chinese diver Gao Min alleged in a post on Chinese social media platform Sina Weibo that the Chinese swimmers' poor performance in the games was due to excessive drug testing they underwent.[35] Chinese swimmer Qin Haiyang said the tests "come early in the morning before we're even awake, during midday rest periods, forcing us to rest on hotel lobby sofas, and even late at night, keeping us up past midnight".[36] Wang Xue'er told a reporter from the Mandarin service of Radio Free Asia that the drug tests were okay, while Chinese swimmer Zhang Yufei stated that the drug tests did not affect her much.[35]

British swimming star Adam Peaty questioned China's performances at the 2024 Summer Olympics, alluding to the cover-up of positive doping cases by Chinese swimmers, and expressing dissatisfaction with the World Anti-Doping Agency's efforts to combat cheating in sports.[37] American swimmer Caeleb Dressel emphasized the need to put trust in WADA and said that he was mainly focused on racing really tough, acknowledging that China were the better team.[38] Pan Zhanle was the only swimmer from the chinese team, to have won an individual gold in Paris 2024 and also breaking his own world record. Despite not being one of the 23 swimmers who had tested positive to TMZ, he has similarly received allegations of doping. Kyle Chalmers who came in second to him at the 100 freestyle final, however defended Pan and stated that he was confident that Pan wasn’t doping and that also he “deserves that gold medal" in [100 free].[39][40] David Popovici also came to Pan's defense by stating that everyone is innocent until proven guilty and adding in that, This is only motivation for us. I mean, we can’t be mad, we can only congratulate him. This is what sports is.[41][42]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Paris 2024 – Swimming". Paris 2024. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  2. ^ "Paris 2024 – Marathon Swimming". Paris 2024. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  3. ^ "Olympics on NBC through 2032". USA Today. Gannett Company. 7 May 2014.
  4. ^ "Fewer Russians Could Be a Windfall for U.S. Olympic Business". The New York Times. 7 December 2017. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  5. ^ Longman, Jeré (12 February 2018). "For Olympic Figure Skaters, a New Meaning to Morning Routine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  6. ^ a b c d Rieder, David (3 April 2022). "Event Changes Likely as Paris 2024 Moves to Nine-Day Schedule of Finals". Swimming World Magazine. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  7. ^ Kaufman, Sophie (9 April 2022). "Paris 2024 Unveils New Nine Day Format For Swimming". SwimSwam. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  8. ^ "Swimming: Olympic schedule change benefiting French star questioned". Kyodo News. 5 March 2024.
  9. ^ Sutherland, James (28 February 2024). "PARIS OLYMPIC SCHEDULE CHANGE OPENS THE DOOR FOR MARCHAND'S 200 FLY/200 BREAST DOUBLE". SwimSwam.
  10. ^ a b c "Schedule – Paris 2024 Olympics" (PDF). SwimSwam. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
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