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Lists of Lepidoptera by region

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following are the regional Lepidoptera lists by continent. Lepidoptera is the insect order consisting of both the butterflies and moths.

Lepidoptera are among the most successful groups of insects. They are found on all continents, except Antarctica. Lepidoptera inhabit all terrestrial habitats ranging from desert to rainforest, from lowland grasslands to montane plateaus but almost always associated with higher plants, especially angiosperms (flowering plants).[1] Among the most northern dwelling species of butterflies and moths is the Arctic Apollo (Parnassius arcticus), which is found in the Arctic Circle in northeastern Yakutia, at an altitude of 1500 meters above sea level.[2] In the Himalayas, various Apollo species such as Parnassius epaphus, have been recorded to occur up to an altitude of 6,000 meters above sea level.[3]: 221 

Some lepidopteran species exhibit symbiotic, phoretic, or parasitic life-styles, inhabiting the bodies of organisms rather than the environment. Coprophagous pyralid moth species, called sloth moths, such as Bradipodicola hahneli and Cryptoses choloepi, are unusual in that they are exclusively found inhabiting the fur of sloths, mammals found in Central and South America.[4][5] Two species of Tinea moths have been recorded as feeding on horny tissue and have been bred from the horns of cattle. The larva of Zenodochium coccivorella is an internal parasite of the coccid Kermes species. Many species have been recorded as breeding in natural materials or refuse such as owl pellets, bat caves, honey-combs or diseased fruit.[5]

Of the approximately 174,250 lepidopteran species described until 2007, butterflies and skippers are estimated to comprise approximately 17,950, with moths making up the rest.[6][7] The vast majority of Lepidoptera are to be found in the tropics, but substantial diversity exists on most continents. North America has over 700 species of butterflies and over 11,000 species of moths,[8][9] while there are about 400 species of butterflies and 14,000 species of moths reported from Australia.[10] The diversity of Lepidoptera in each faunal region has been estimated by John Heppner in 1991 based partly on actual counts from the literature, partly on the card indices in the Natural History Museum (London) and the National Museum of Natural History (Washington), and partly on estimates:[11]: 726 

Diversity of Lepidoptera in each faunal region
Palearctic Nearctic Neotropic Afrotropic Indo-Australian
(comprising Indomalayan and Australasian realms)
Estimated number of species 22,465 11,532 44,791 20,491 47,286

Species by continent

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Africa

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Flag Country or territory Moths Butterflies
Algeria Algeria Moths Butterflies
Angola Angola Moths Butterflies
Benin Benin Moths Butterflies
Botswana Botswana Moths Butterflies
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Moths Butterflies
Burundi Burundi Moths Butterflies
Cameroon Cameroon Moths Butterflies
Canary Islands Canary Islands (Autonomous community of Spain) Moths Butterflies
Cape Verde Cape Verde Moths Butterflies
Central African Republic Central African Republic Moths Butterflies
Chad Chad Moths Butterflies
Comoros Comoros Moths Butterflies
Democratic Republic of the Congo Congo, Democratic Republic of (Congo-Kinshasa) Moths Butterflies
Republic of the Congo Congo, Republic of (Congo-Brazzaville) Moths Butterflies
Djibouti Djibouti Moths Butterflies
Egypt Egypt Moths Butterflies
Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea Moths Butterflies
Eritrea Eritrea Moths Butterflies
Ethiopia Ethiopia Moths Butterflies
Gabon Gabon Moths Butterflies
The Gambia Gambia Moths Butterflies
Ghana Ghana Moths Butterflies
Guinea Guinea Moths Butterflies
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau Moths Butterflies
Ivory Coast Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) Moths Butterflies
Kenya Kenya Moths Butterflies
Lesotho Lesotho Moths Butterflies
Liberia Liberia Moths Butterflies
Libya Libya Moths Butterflies
Madagascar Madagascar Moths Butterflies
Malawi Malawi Moths Butterflies
Mali Mali Moths Butterflies
Mauritania Mauritania Moths Butterflies
Mauritius Mauritius Moths Butterflies
Mayotte Mayotte (Overseas territory of France) Moths Butterflies
Morocco Morocco Moths Butterflies
Mozambique Mozambique Moths Butterflies
Namibia Namibia Moths Butterflies
Niger Niger Moths Butterflies
Nigeria Nigeria Moths Butterflies
Réunion Réunion (Overseas department of France) Moths Butterflies
Rwanda Rwanda Moths Butterflies
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
São Tomé and Príncipe Sao Tome and Principe Moths Butterflies
Selvagens Islands (Part of the parish of of Portugal) Moths Butterflies
Senegal Senegal Moths Butterflies
Seychelles Seychelles Moths Butterflies
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Moths Butterflies
Somalia Somalia Moths Butterflies
South Africa South Africa Moths Butterflies
Sudan Sudan Moths Butterflies
Eswatini Swaziland Moths Butterflies
Tanzania Tanzania Moths Butterflies
Togo Togo Moths Butterflies
Tunisia Tunisia Moths Butterflies
Uganda Uganda Moths Butterflies
Zambia Zambia Moths Butterflies
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Moths Butterflies

Asia

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Flag Country or territory Moths Butterflies
Abkhazia Abkhazia[Europe 1] Moths Butterflies
Afghanistan Afghanistan Moths Butterflies
Akrotiri and Dhekelia Akrotiri and Dhekelia[Europe 1] (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom located on Cyprus) Moths Butterflies
Armenia Armenia[Europe 1] Moths Butterflies
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan[Europe 1] Moths Butterflies
Bahrain Bahrain Moths Butterflies
Bangladesh Bangladesh Moths Butterflies
Bhutan Bhutan Moths Butterflies
British Indian Ocean Territory British Indian Ocean Territory[Asia 1] (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
Brunei Brunei Moths Butterflies
Cambodia Cambodia Moths Butterflies
China China Moths Butterflies
Christmas Island Christmas Island[Asia 2] (External territory of Australia) Moths Butterflies
Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cocos (Keeling) Islands[Asia 2] (External territory of Australia) Moths Butterflies
Cyprus Cyprus[Europe 1] Moths Butterflies
Georgia (country) Georgia[Europe 1] Moths Butterflies
India India Moths Butterflies
Butterflies of the Western Ghats
Indonesia Indonesia Moths Butterflies
Butterflies of Sulawesi
Iran Iran Moths Butterflies
Iraq Iraq Moths Butterflies
Israel Israel Moths Butterflies
Japan Japan Moths Butterflies
Jordan Jordan Moths Butterflies
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Moths Butterflies
North Korea Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (North Korea) Moths Butterflies
South Korea Korea, Republic of (South Korea) Moths Butterflies
Kuwait Kuwait Moths Butterflies
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Moths Butterflies
Laos Laos Moths Butterflies
Lebanon Lebanon Moths Butterflies
Malaysia Malaysia Moths Butterflies
Butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia
Maldives Maldives Moths Butterflies
Mongolia Mongolia Moths Butterflies
Myanmar Myanmar (Burma) Moths Butterflies
Nepal Nepal Moths Butterflies
Oman Oman Moths Butterflies
Pakistan Pakistan Moths Butterflies
Palestinian Authority Palestinian territories Moths Butterflies
Philippines Philippines Moths Butterflies
Qatar Qatar Moths Butterflies
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Moths Butterflies
Singapore Singapore Moths Butterflies
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Moths Butterflies
Syria Syria Moths Butterflies
Taiwan Taiwan Moths Butterflies
Tajikistan Tajikistan Moths Butterflies
Thailand Thailand Moths Butterflies
East Timor Timor-Leste (East Timor) Moths Butterflies
Turkey Turkey[Europe 1] Moths Butterflies
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Moths Butterflies
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Moths Butterflies
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Moths Butterflies
Vietnam Vietnam Moths Butterflies
Yemen Yemen Moths Butterflies
  1. ^ The British Indian Ocean Territory is sometimes considered as an African territory, since it was historically part of Mauritius.
  2. ^ a b Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands are sometimes considered as Oceanian territories, since they are dependent territories of Australia.

Europe

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Flag Country or territory Moths Butterflies
Albania Albania Moths Butterflies
Andorra Andorra Moths Butterflies
Austria Austria Moths Butterflies
Azores Azores Moths Butterflies
Belarus Belarus Moths Butterflies
Belgium Belgium Moths Butterflies
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Moths Butterflies
Bulgaria Bulgaria Moths Butterflies
Croatia Croatia Moths Butterflies
Czech Republic Czech Republic Moths Butterflies
Denmark Denmark Moths Butterflies
Estonia Estonia Moths Butterflies
Faroe Islands Faroe Islands Moths Butterflies
Finland Finland Moths Butterflies
France France Moths Butterflies
Germany Germany Moths Butterflies
Greece Greece Moths Butterflies
Hungary Hungary Moths Butterflies
Iceland Iceland Moths Butterflies
Republic of Ireland Ireland Moths Butterflies
Italy Italy Moths Butterflies
Latvia Latvia Moths Butterflies
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Moths Butterflies
Lithuania Lithuania Moths Butterflies
Luxembourg Luxembourg Moths Butterflies
North Macedonia Macedonia Moths Butterflies
Madeira Madeira Moths Butterflies
Malta Malta Moths Butterflies
Moldova Moldova Moths Butterflies
Montenegro Montenegro Moths Butterflies
Netherlands Netherlands Moths Butterflies
Norway Norway Moths Butterflies
Poland Poland Moths Butterflies
Portugal Portugal Moths Butterflies
Romania Romania Moths Butterflies
Russia Russia[Europe 2] Moths Butterflies
Butterflies of Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast
Serbia Serbia Moths Butterflies
Slovakia Slovakia Moths Butterflies
Slovenia Slovenia Moths Butterflies
Spain Spain Moths Butterflies
Butterflies of Minorca
Sweden Sweden Moths Butterflies
Switzerland Switzerland Moths Butterflies
Ukraine Ukraine Moths Butterflies
United Kingdom United Kingdom Moths Butterflies
  1. ^ a b c d e f g The following countries and territories are also often considered as European:
    •  Armenia,  Azerbaijan,  Cyprus,  Georgia, and  Turkey, classified as Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division, are also often considered as European countries, since their territories are either partly in Europe or in the vicinity of Europe (for the geographical boundaries between Asia and Europe, see here), and they have close political and historical ties with Europe (e.g., they are members of the Council of Europe).
    •  Abkhazia,  Nagorno-Karabakh,  Northern Cyprus, and  South Ossetia, all sovereign states lacking general international recognition, are also often considered as European countries.
    •  Akrotiri and Dhekelia is also often considered as a European territory.
  2. ^ Russia is generally considered as a European country more than an Asian country, even though most of its territory is in Asia, since most of its population and also its capital are in Europe, and it has close political and historical ties with Europe.

North America

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Flag Country or territory Moths Butterflies
Anguilla Anguilla Moths Butterflies
Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Moths Butterflies
Aruba Aruba (Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) Moths Butterflies
The Bahamas Bahamas Moths Butterflies
Barbados Barbados Moths Butterflies
Belize Belize Moths Butterflies
Bermuda Bermuda (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
Bonaire Bonaire (Special municipality of the Netherlands) Moths Butterflies
British Virgin Islands British Virgin Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
Canada Canada Moths Butterflies
Cayman Islands Cayman Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
Clipperton Island Clipperton Island (Overseas territory of France) Moths Butterflies
Costa Rica Costa Rica Moths Butterflies
Cuba Cuba Moths Butterflies
Curaçao Curaçao (Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) Moths Butterflies
Dominica Dominica Moths Butterflies
Dominican Republic Dominican Republic Moths Butterflies
El Salvador El Salvador Moths Butterflies
Greenland Greenland (Self-governing territory of Denmark) Moths Butterflies
Grenada Grenada Moths Butterflies
Guadeloupe Guadeloupe (Overseas department of France) Moths Butterflies
Guatemala Guatemala Moths Butterflies
Haiti Haiti Moths Butterflies
Honduras Honduras Moths Butterflies
Jamaica Jamaica Moths Butterflies
Martinique Martinique (Overseas department of France) Moths Butterflies
Mexico Mexico Moths Butterflies
Montserrat Montserrat (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
Navassa Island Navassa Island (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Nicaragua Nicaragua Moths Butterflies
Panama Panama Moths Butterflies
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Saba (island) Saba (Special municipality of the Netherlands) Moths Butterflies
Saint Barthélemy Saint Barthélemy (Overseas collectivity of France) Moths Butterflies
Saint Eustatius (Special municipality of the Netherlands) Moths Butterflies
Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis Moths Butterflies
Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Moths Butterflies
Collectivity of Saint Martin Saint Martin (Overseas collectivity of France) Moths Butterflies
Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Overseas collectivity of France) Moths Butterflies
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Moths Butterflies
Sint Maarten Sint Maarten (Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) Moths Butterflies
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago Moths Butterflies
Butterflies of Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
United States United States of America Moths Butterflies
United States Virgin Islands United States Virgin Islands (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies

South America

[edit]
Flag Country or territory Moths Butterflies
Argentina Argentina Moths Butterflies
Bolivia Bolivia Moths Butterflies
Brazil Brazil Moths Butterflies
Chile Chile Moths Butterflies
Colombia Colombia Moths Butterflies
Ecuador Ecuador Moths Butterflies
Falkland Islands Falkland Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
French Guiana French Guiana (Overseas department of France) Moths Butterflies
Guyana Guyana Moths Butterflies
Paraguay Paraguay Moths Butterflies
Peru Peru Moths Butterflies
Suriname Suriname Moths Butterflies
Uruguay Uruguay Moths Butterflies
Venezuela Venezuela Moths Butterflies

Oceania

[edit]
Flag Country or territory Moths Butterflies
American Samoa American Samoa (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Ashmore and Cartier Islands Ashmore and Cartier Islands (External territory of Australia) Moths Butterflies
Australia Australia Moths Butterflies
Butterflies of Tasmania
Butterflies of Victoria
Butterflies of Lord Howe Island
Baker Island Baker Island (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Cook Islands Cook Islands (Territory in free association with New Zealand) Moths Butterflies
Coral Sea Islands Coral Sea Islands (External territory of Australia) Moths Butterflies
Easter Island Easter Island (Special Territory of Chile) Moths Butterflies
Fiji Fiji Moths Butterflies
French Polynesia French Polynesia (Overseas collectivity of France) Moths Butterflies
Guam Guam (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Hawaii Hawaii (State of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Howland Island Howland Island (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Jarvis Island Jarvis Island (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Johnston Atoll Johnston Atoll (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Kingman Reef Kingman Reef (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Kiribati Kiribati Moths Butterflies
Marshall Islands Marshall Islands Moths Butterflies
Federated States of Micronesia Micronesia Moths Butterflies
Midway Atoll Midway Atoll (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Nauru Nauru Moths Butterflies
France or New Caledonia New Caledonia (Sui generis collectivity or special collectivity of France) Moths Butterflies
New Zealand New Zealand Moths Butterflies
Niue Niue (Territory in free association with New Zealand) Moths Butterflies
Norfolk Island Norfolk Island (Self-governing territory of Australia) Moths Butterflies
Northern Mariana Islands Northern Mariana Islands (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Palau Palau Moths Butterflies
Palmyra Atoll Palmyra Atoll (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Moths Butterflies
Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) Moths Butterflies
Samoa Samoa Moths Butterflies
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Moths Butterflies
Tokelau Tokelau (Dependent territory of New Zealand) Moths Butterflies
Tonga Tonga Moths Butterflies
Tuvalu Tuvalu Moths Butterflies
Vanuatu Vanuatu Moths Butterflies
Wake Island Wake Island (Insular area of the United States of America) Moths Butterflies
Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna (Overseas collectivity of France) Moths Butterflies

Antarctica

[edit]

No Lepidoptera species are known from the continent of Antarctica. However, there are records from nearby islands.

Flag Country or territory Moths Butterflies
French Southern and Antarctic Lands French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Overseas territory of France) Moths Butterflies

References

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  1. ^ Gullan, P. J.; P. S. Cranston (September 13, 2004). "7". The insects: an outline of entomology (3 ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 198–199. ISBN 1-4051-1113-5.
  2. ^ Stumpe, Felix. "Parnassius arctica Eisner, 1968". Russian-Insects.com. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
  3. ^ Mani, M. S. (1968). Ecology and Biogeography of High Altitude Insects. Volume 4 of Series entomologica. Springer. p. 530. ISBN 978-90-6193-114-0. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
  4. ^ Sherman, Lee. jsessionid=B178230AA02D37492C9794327FB8DB71?sequence=1 ""An OSU scientist braves an uncharted rainforest in a search for rare and endangered species" in "Expedition to the Edge"". Terra, Spring 2008. Oregon State University. Retrieved 14 February 2011. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  5. ^ a b Rau, P (1941). "Observations on certain lepidopterous and hymenopterous parasites of Polistes wasps". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 34 (2): 355–366(12). doi:10.1093/aesa/34.2.355.
  6. ^ Mallet, Jim (12 June 2007). "Taxonomy of Lepidoptera: the scale of the problem". The Lepidoptera Taxome Project. University College, London. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
  7. ^ Mallet, Jim (12 June 2007). "Taxonomy of butterflies: the scale of the problem". The Lepidoptera Taxome Project. University College, London. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
  8. ^ Eaton, Eric R.; Kaufman, Kenn (2007). Kaufman field guide to insects of North America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 391. ISBN 978-0-618-15310-7. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  9. ^ Tuskes, Paul M.; Tuttle, James P.; Collins, Michael M. (1996). The wild silk moths of North America: a natural history of the Saturniidae of the United States and Canada. The Cornell series in arthropod biology (illustrated ed.). Cornell University Press. p. 250. ISBN 978-0-8014-3130-2. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  10. ^ Green, Ken; Osborne, William S. (1994). Wildlife of the Australian snow-country: a comprehensive guide to alpine fauna (illustrated ed.). Reed. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-7301-0461-2.
  11. ^ Kristensen, Niels P.; Scoble, M. J. & Karsholt, Ole (2007). "Lepidoptera phylogeny and systematics: the state of inventorying moth and butterfly diversity" (PDF). In Z.-Q. Zhang & W. A. Shear (eds.). Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy (Zootaxa:1668). Magnolia Press. pp. 699–747. ISBN 978-0-12-690647-9. Retrieved March 2, 2010.

See also

[edit]
  • For other Lepidoptera lists, see the categories: