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Draft:Plastiome

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  • Comment: This is an interesting topic and I'm sure it will become a Wikipedia article. However, at present all of the information about plastiome comes from primary sources. WP:GNG requires significant coverage in secondary sources, and I could not find that such coverage yet exists. If you can find coverage in secondary sources, please add those sources to this article. In the meantime, you may be able to add some of the information from this draft to the Plastisphere article. Mgp28 (talk) 16:04, 26 July 2024 (UTC)


Plastiome refers to the plastisphere-enriched mobile resistome found in aquatic environments.[1] With persistence of plastics and microplastics in the environment, these act as reservoirs for microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes,[2] fostering the formation of a mobile resistome encompassing diverse antibiotic, biocide/metal resistance genes, and mobile genetic elements. This collective genetic repertoire, plastome, can potentially perpetuate environmental antimicrobial resistance (AMR).[1] This plastiome in fresh water environments have shown more than three times higher enrichment of antibiotic on microplastics than those in water,[1] and it has been reported that some of the identified taxa attached to the plastics could be potential pathogens and pose a risk to human health and the environment.[3]

Plastiome in Environment

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Microplastics are persistent, very mobile and hard to remove from nature.[4][5] Hence, these plastiomes could perpetuate harmful multidrug resistance genes in microbes in the environment. Plastiomes were identified and reported in two rivers near Tokyo, Japan.[6]

Plastiome and Health Risk

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The health risks of plastiome can be recognized from four aspects, 1). pathogens residing within the plastisphere[7], 2). potential acquisition of antimicrobial resistance though horizontal gene transfer[8], 3). increased tolerance to antibiotics[9], and 4). trophic transfer through food webs. Microplastics trophic transfer through food webs has been researched and well documented[10][11][12]. Further the evidence indicates that the ratio of pathogens to total bacteria[2], as well as the presence of resistance genes[1], is significantly higher in the plastisphere compared to surrounding water. This raises concerns that the plastiome poses additional health risks associated to antimicrobial resistance in aquatic environments.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Guruge, Keerthi S.; Goswami, Prasun; Kanda, Kazuki; Abeynayaka, Amila; Kumagai, Masahiko; Watanabe, Mafumi; Tamamura-Andoh, Yukino (2024). "Plastiome: Plastisphere-enriched mobile resistome in aquatic environments". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 471 (134353). Bibcode:2024JHzM..47134353G. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134353. ISSN 0304-3894. PMID 38678707.
  2. ^ a b Yang, Kai; Chen, Qing-Lin; Chen, Mo-Lian; Li, Hong-Zhe; Liao, Hu; Pu, Qiang; Zhu, Yong-Guan; Cui, Li (15 September 2020). "Temporal Dynamics of Antibiotic Resistome in the Plastisphere during Microbial Colonization". Environmental Science & Technology. 54 (18): 11322–11332. Bibcode:2020EnST...5411322Y. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c04292. ISSN 0013-936X. PMID 32812755.
  3. ^ Martínez-Campos, Sergio; González-Pleiter, Miguel; Rico, Andreu; Schell, Theresa; Vighi, Marco; Fernández-Piñas, Francisca; Rosal, Roberto; Leganés, Francisco (5 February 2023). "Time-course biofilm formation and presence of antibiotic resistance genes on everyday plastic items deployed in river waters". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 443 (Pt B): 130271. Bibcode:2023JHzM..44330271M. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130271. ISSN 0304-3894. PMID 36351347.
  4. ^ "Microplastics". Environment. European Commission. 25 April 2024.
  5. ^ Amelia, Tan Suet May; Khalik, Wan Mohd Afiq Wan Mohd; Ong, Meng Chuan; Shao, Yi Ta; Pan, Hui-Juan; Bhubalan, Kesaven (22 January 2021). "Marine microplastics as vectors of major ocean pollutants and its hazards to the marine ecosystem and humans". Progress in Earth and Planetary Science. 8 (1): 12. Bibcode:2021PEPS....8...12A. doi:10.1186/s40645-020-00405-4. ISSN 2197-4284.
  6. ^ "Microplastic-associated microbes are becoming more common in aquatic environments". Plastic Pollution Coalition.
  7. ^ González-Pleiter, Miguel; Velázquez, David; Casero, María Cristina; Tytgat, Bjorn; Verleyen, Elie; Leganés, Francisco; Rosal, Roberto; Quesada, Antonio; Fernández-Piñas, Francisca (15 November 2021). "Microbial colonizers of microplastics in an Arctic freshwater lake". Science of the Total Environment. 795: 148640. Bibcode:2021ScTEn.79548640G. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148640. hdl:10486/706488. ISSN 0048-9697. PMID 34246139.
  8. ^ von Wintersdorff, Christian J. H.; Penders, John; van Niekerk, Julius M.; Mills, Nathan D.; Majumder, Snehali; van Alphen, Lieke B.; Savelkoul, Paul H. M.; Wolffs, Petra F. G. (19 February 2016). "Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance in Microbial Ecosystems through Horizontal Gene Transfer". Frontiers in Microbiology. 7: 173. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00173. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 4759269. PMID 26925045.
  9. ^ Zheng, Zhijie; Huang, Yao; Liu, Linan; Wang, Lan; Tang, Jingchun (5 October 2023). "Interaction between microplastic biofilm formation and antibiotics: Effect of microplastic biofilm and its driving mechanisms on antibiotic resistance gene". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 459: 132099. Bibcode:2023JHzM..45932099Z. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132099. ISSN 0304-3894. PMID 37517232.
  10. ^ Athey, Samantha N.; Albotra, Samantha D.; Gordon, Cessely A.; Monteleone, Bonnie; Seaton, Pamela; Andrady, Anthony L.; Taylor, Alison R.; Brander, Susanne M. (February 2020). "Trophic transfer of microplastics in an estuarine food chain and the effects of a sorbed legacy pollutant". Limnology and Oceanography Letters. 5 (1): 154–162. Bibcode:2020LimOL...5..154A. doi:10.1002/lol2.10130. ISSN 2378-2242.
  11. ^ Mateos-Cárdenas, Alicia; Moroney, Aran von der Geest; van Pelt, Frank N. A. M.; O'Halloran, John; Jansen, Marcel A. K. (1 June 2022). "Trophic transfer of microplastics in a model freshwater microcosm; lack of a consumer avoidance response". Food Webs. 31: e00228. Bibcode:2022FWebs..3100228M. doi:10.1016/j.fooweb.2022.e00228. ISSN 2352-2496.
  12. ^ Gao, Shike; Li, Zheng; Zhang, Shuo (1 March 2024). "Trophic transfer and biomagnification of microplastics through food webs in coastal waters: A new perspective from a mass balance model". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 200: 116082. Bibcode:2024MarPB.20016082G. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116082. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 38367586.
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