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For details on Gabbard's political positions, see Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard.

Tulsi Gabbard
Official 114th Congressional photograph of Tulsi Gabbard
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Hawaii's 2nd district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2013
Preceded byMazie Hirono
Vice Chair of the
Democratic National Committee
In office
January 22, 2013 – February 27, 2016
ChairDebbie Wasserman Schultz
Preceded byMike Honda
Succeeded byGrace Meng
Member of the Honolulu City Council
from the 6th district
In office
January 2, 2011 – August 16, 2012
Preceded byRod Tam
Succeeded byCarol Fukunaga
Member of the Hawaii House of Representatives
from the 42nd district
In office
2002–2004
Preceded byMark Moses
Succeeded byRida Cabanilla
Personal details
Born (1981-04-12) April 12, 1981 (age 43)
Leloaloa, American Samoa, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse(s)
Eduardo Tamayo
​
​
(m. 2002; div. 2006)​

Abraham Williams
​
(m. 2015)​
RelativesMike Gabbard (father)
EducationHawaii Pacific University (BSBA)
Signature
WebsiteHouse website
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/service United States Army
Years of service2003–present
Rank Major
Unit Hawaii Army National Guard
Battles/warsIraq War
AwardsMeritorious Service Medal
Combat Medical Badge
This article is part of a series about
Tulsi Gabbard
U.S. Representative
from Hawaii's 2nd district

Tulsi Gabbard (/ˈtʌlsi ˈɡæbərd/; born April 12, 1981) is an American politician and Hawaii Army National Guard major serving as the U.S. Representative for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district. Elected in 2012, she is the first practicing Hindu and the first Samoan-American member of Congress.[1][2] Gabbard's announcement of her intention to seek the Democratic nomination in the 2020 US presidential election made her the first female combat veteran to run for president.[3][4]

In 2002, Gabbard was elected to the Hawaii House of Representatives. In 2004, she became the first state legislator to voluntarily step down from public office for a tour of duty in a war zone.[5] Gabbard served in a field medical unit of the Hawaii Army National Guard in a combat zone in Iraq from 2004 to 2005 and was deployed to Kuwait from 2008 to 2009. She was a vice chair of the Democratic National Committee from 2013 to 2016, when she resigned to endorse Senator Bernie Sanders for the 2016 Democratic presidential nomination.

Gabbard's domestic policy platform in her campaign for the 2020 Democratic nomination is economically and socially progressive and has been described as "similar to Bernie Sanders ... in many respects".[6] She supports Medicare for All[7] and strengthening the reproductive rights framework of Roe v Wade by codifying it into federal law.[8] She voted and lobbied against LGBT rights in Hawaii prior to her first tour of duty, but since 2011 Gabbard has apologized for her earlier positions and now supports LGBT rights.[9][10] Gabbard opposes military interventionism but has called herself a "hawk" on terrorism.[11][12] Her decision to meet Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and expressions of skepticism about his use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Civil War attracted controversy.[13] On October 25, 2019, Gabbard announced that she will not seek another term in Congress.[14]

Early life and education

Gabbard was born on April 12, 1981, in Leloaloa, Maoputasi County, on American Samoa's main island of Tutuila.[15][16] She was the fourth of five children born to Mike Gabbard and his wife Carol (née Porter) Gabbard.[17] Her father is of Samoan and European ancestry. Her mother was born in Indiana and grew up in Michigan.[18] In 1983, when Gabbard was two years old, her family moved to Hawaii.

Gabbard embraced the Hindu faith as a teenager.[17][19][20]

Gabbard was home-schooled through high school except for two years at informal schools in the Philippines.[21][22] In 1996, she and her father, Mike Gabbard, co-founded People for Environmental and Community Health (PEACH), later renamed Healthy Hawaiʻi Coalition, an environmental educational group.[citation needed][23][24]

Early career

Gabbard at the ceremony of her promotion to major on October 12, 2015

In her teens and early twenties, Gabbard worked for the Alliance for Traditional Marriage and Values, a political action committee her father founded that spent over $100,000 in 1998 to pass an amendment giving the Hawaii state legislature the power to "reserve marriage to opposite-sex couples."[25][26] As a state legislator in May 2004, Gabbard spoke on their behalf urging Hawaiian residents to support the Federal Marriage Amendment in order to prevent Hawaiian state law from being overridden by US federal law with regard to same-sex marriage.[27]

In the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks, Gabbard worked for another nonprofit her father founded, Stand Up For America (SUFA).[28] SUFA's website subsequently profiled her and hosted letters she wrote during her military deployments overseas.[citation needed] In September 2010, SUFA's website came under criticism for promoting her campaign for the Honolulu City Council. Gabbard said the improper addition "was an honest mistake from a volunteer," and the page and link in question were immediately removed.[29]

In 2002, while working as a self-employed martial arts instructor,[30] she was the youngest legislator ever elected to represent the 42nd House District of the Hawaii House of Representatives (at the time she was the youngest woman ever elected to a U.S. state legislature).[31][32]

In 2004, Gabbard filed for reelection but then volunteered for Army National Guard service in Iraq. Following calls from her opponent to resign while deployed to Iraq, Gabbard chose not to campaign for a second term and was defeated.[33][34] Prior to her deployment to Iraq in 2004, Gabbard also worked as an educator for the Healthy Hawai'i Coalition.[35]

In early 2006, Gabbard was a regional finalist for the White House Fellows program and listed her occupation as a nonprofit manager in ʻEwa Beach, Hawaii.[36] Also in 2006, she began serving as a legislative aide in Washington, D.C. for then-U.S. Senator Daniel Akaka.[37]

In 2009, Gabbard graduated from Hawaii Pacific University with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration with a concentration in International Business.[38][39][40][41]

In 2010, she was again a finalist for a White House Fellow and was listed as an OCS platoon trainer and vice president of the Healthy Hawaii Coalition.[42]

Military service

In April 2003, while serving in the State Legislature, Gabbard enlisted in the Hawaii Army National Guard.[43] In July 2004, she was deployed for a 12-month tour in Iraq, serving as a specialist with the Medical Company, 29th Support Battalion, 29th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, the same unit as fellow Hawaii representative Mark Takai, where she worked in patient administration.[44][45][46] In Iraq, Gabbard served at Logistical Support Area Anaconda, completing her tour in 2005.[47][48]

In March 2007, she graduated from the Accelerated Officer Candidate School at the Alabama Military Academy. Gabbard was the first woman to finish as the Distinguished Honor graduate in the Academy's 50-year history.[31][37][49][50] She was commissioned as a second lieutenant and assigned to the 29th Brigade Special Troops Battalion, 29th Infantry Brigade Combat Team of the Hawaii Army National Guard, this time to serve as an Army Military Police officer.[51][52][53] She was deployed to Kuwait from 2008 to 2009.[48][54][55]

Gabbard is a recipient of the Combat Medical Badge and the Meritorious Service Medal.[56][57] On October 12, 2015, she was promoted from captain to major at a ceremony at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific[58][59] She continues to serve as a major in the Hawaii Army National Guard.[60]

On August 7, 2018, the Honolulu Star-Advertiser reported that the Hawaii Army National Guard had instructed Gabbard that a video of her in uniform on her VoteTulsi Facebook page did not comply with military ethics rules. Gabbard's campaign removed the video and added a disclaimer to the website's banner image of Gabbard in uniform in a veterans' cemetery that the image does not imply an endorsement from the military. A similar situation had happened during a previous Gabbard congressional campaign. A spokeswoman for Gabbard said the campaign would work closely with the Department of Defense to ensure compliance with all regulations.[61]

Political career

Main article: Electoral history of Tulsi Gabbard

Hawaii House of Representatives (2002–2004)

In 2002, after redistricting, Gabbard won the four-candidate Democratic primary with a plurality of 48% of the vote.[62] Gabbard then defeated Republican Alfonso Jimenez in the general election, 65%–35%.[62] At the age of 21, Gabbard became the youngest legislator ever elected in Hawaii's history and the youngest woman ever elected to a U.S. state legislature.[31][63]

During her term of office, Gabbard successfully led opposition to, and protests of, a bill that would have legalized same-sex civil unions,[27][64][65] advocated quarantining travelers to Hawaii who had symptoms of SARS,[66] was one of several legislators who won significant nonpriority projects for school construction,[67] and was one of nine legislators who proposed legislation for a special purpose bond that would have encouraged AeroVironment to build drones in Hawaii.[68]

In 2004, Gabbard filed for reelection but then volunteered for Army National Guard service in Iraq. Rida Cabanilla, who filed to run against her, called on Gabbard to resign because she would not be able to represent her district from Iraq.[69] Gabbard announced in August 2004 that she would not campaign for a second term,[33] and Cabanilla won the Democratic primary, 64%–25%.[34] State law prevented the removal of Gabbard's name from the ballot.[70]

Honolulu City Council (2011–2012)

After returning home from her second deployment to the Middle East in 2009, Gabbard ran for a seat on the Honolulu City Council vacated by City Councilman Rod Tam, of the 6th district, who decided to retire in order to run for mayor of Honolulu.[71] In the 10-candidate nonpartisan open primary in September 2010, Gabbard finished first with 33% of the vote.[72] In the November 2 runoff election she defeated Sesnita Moepono, 58%–42%.[73]

Gabbard introduced a measure to help food truck vendors by loosening parking restrictions.[74] She also introduced Bill 54, a measure that authorized city workers to confiscate personal belongings stored on public property with 24 hours' notice to its owner.[75][76] After overcoming opposition from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)[77] and Occupy Hawai'i,[78] Bill 54 passed and became City Ordinance 1129.

On April 30, 2011, Gabbard informed her constituents that she was resuming the use of her maiden name and that there would be no cost to city taxpayers for reprinting City Council materials containing her name.[79] She resigned from the council on August 16, 2012, to focus on her congressional campaign.[80]

United States House of Representatives (2013–present)

2012 election

Main article: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii § District 2
Gabbard in 2012

In early 2011, Mazie Hirono, the incumbent Democratic U.S. Representative for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district, announced that she would run for the United States Senate. In May 2011, Gabbard announced her candidacy for Hirono's House seat.[81] She was endorsed by the Sierra Club,[82] Emily's List,[citation needed] and VoteVets.org.[83] The Democratic Mayor of Honolulu, Mufi Hannemann, was the best-known candidate in the six-way primary, but Gabbard won with 62,882 votes (55%); the Honolulu Star-Advertiser called her win an "improbable rise from a distant underdog to victory."[84] Gabbard resigned from the City Council on August 16 to prevent the cost of holding a special election.[85][86]

As the Democratic nominee, Gabbard spoke at the 2012 Democratic National Convention in Charlotte, North Carolina at the invitation of House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, who called Gabbard "an emerging star."[87][88] Gabbard credited grassroots support for her come-from-behind win in the primary.[89] She won the November 6, 2012, general election, defeating Republican Kawika Crowley by 168,503 to 40,707 votes (80.6%–19.4%),[90] becoming the first Samoan-American[91] and first Hindu member of Congress.[92][93]

In December 2012, Gabbard applied to be considered for appointment to the U.S. Senate seat vacated by the death of Daniel Inouye,[94] but despite support from prominent mainland Democrats,[95][96] she was not among the three candidates the Democratic Party of Hawaii selected.[97]

First term (113th Congress)

Gabbard speaks at the 135th National Guard Association of the United States conference in 2013

In March 2013, Gabbard introduced the Helping Heroes Fly Act, seeking to improve airport security screenings for severely wounded veterans. It passed Congress and was signed into law by President Barack Obama.[98][99][100] She also led an effort to pass legislation to assist victims of military sexual trauma.[101][102][103]

Second term (114th Congress)

Main article: 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii § District 2
Gabbard and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New York City on September 28, 2014

Gabbard was reelected on November 8, 2014, defeating Crowley again, by 142,010 to 33,630 votes (78.7%–18.6%); Libertarian candidate Joe Kent garnered 4,693 votes (2.6%).[104]

Along with Senator Hirono, Gabbard introduced a bill to award Filipino and Filipino American veterans who fought in World War II the Congressional Gold Medal.[105] The bill passed Congress[106] and was signed into law by Obama in December 2016.[107]

Gabbard also introduced Talia's Law, to prevent child abuse and neglect on military bases. It was passed by Congress and signed into law by Obama in December 2016.[108][109][110]

Third term (115th Congress)

Main article: 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii § District 2

Gabbard was reelected on November 8, 2016, defeating Republican nominee Angela Kaaihue by 170,848 to 39,668 votes (81.2%–18.8%).[111]

In 2017, Gabbard introduced the "Off Fossil Fuels (OFF) Act", which set a target of 2035 for transitioning the United States to renewable energy. It was endorsed by Food and Water Watch.[112]

Fourth term (116th Congress)

Main article: 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii § District 2

Gabbard was reelected in 2018,[113] defeating Republican nominee Brian Evans by 153,271 to 44,850 votes (77.4%–22.6%).

In 2018, Gabbard introduced the "Securing America's Election Act", a bill to require all districts to use paper ballots, yielding an auditable paper trail in the event of a recount. Common Cause endorsed the bill.[114] In March 2019, Attorney General William Barr asserted in his summary of the Mueller Report that the Special Counsel investigation had failed to find that members of Trump's 2016 campaign conspired or coordinated with the Russian government. In response, Gabbard commented that "finding the president of the United States not guilty of conspiring with a foreign power to interfere with our elections is a good thing for America." She subsequently reintroduced her election security bill, arguing that it would make foreign interference less likely in 2020.[115]

In September 2018, Gabbard and Representative Walter Jones (R-NC) co-sponsored the No More Presidential Wars Act, an effort to "reclaim the responsibility Congress has to be the body that declares war, to end these presidential wars that are being fought without the authorization of Congress."[116]

On October 25, 2019, Gabbard announced that she will not seek reelection to the House in 2020. She had been facing a serious primary challenge from Hawaii State Senator Kai Kahele, who had criticized her absence from Congress during her presidential campaign.[117][118][119]

Committee assignments

Caucus membership

Democratic National Committee

On January 22, 2013, Gabbard was unanimously elected to a four-year term as vice chair of the Democratic National Committee.[129] She was critical of chairwoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz's decision to hold only six debates during the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries, compared with 26 in 2008 and 15 in 2004.[130][131] Along with Minneapolis mayor R. T. Rybak and two candidates, Gabbard called for more debates, appearing on multiple news outlets to express her dissatisfaction with the reduction in the number. Later she was either "disinvited" or asked to "consider not coming" to the Democratic debate in Las Vegas as a consequence. In a phone interview with the New York Times, Gabbard spoke of an unhealthy atmosphere and the feeling that she had "checked [her free speech] at the door" in taking the job.[132] Gabbard privately accused Wasserman Schultz of violating the DNC's duty of neutrality by favoring Hillary Clinton. This later became public in leaked emails published by WikiLeaks.[133][134]

Gabbard resigned as DNC vice chair on February 28, 2016, in order to endorse Senator Bernie Sanders for the nomination.[135][136] She was the first congresswoman to endorse Sanders[137] and later gave the nominating speech putting his name forward at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.[138]

In July 2016, Gabbard launched a petition to end the Democratic Party's process of appointing superdelegates in the nomination process.[139] She endorsed Keith Ellison for DNC chair in the 2017 chairmanship elections.[140]

Gabbard was assigned as Bernie Sanders's running mate in California for any write-in votes for Sanders.[141] Shortly after the election, Gabbard was mentioned as a possible presidential candidate for 2020.[142][143]

2020 presidential campaign

Main article: Tulsi Gabbard 2020 presidential campaign
Gabbard campaigning for president in San Francisco, California
Tulsi Gabbard 2020 presidential campaign logo

On February 2, 2019, Gabbard officially launched her 2020 presidential campaign, saying that it was in the "spirit of service above self" that she announced her candidacy.[144] CNN described her foreign policy platform as anti-interventionalist and her economic platform as populist.[144]

Gabbard was the most frequently Googled candidate after the first, second, and fourth 2020 Democratic debates.[145][146][147] In the second debate, she assailed Senator Kamala Harris over her record as a prosecutor, saying Harris owed an apology to the people who "suffered under your reign."[148] In the fourth debate, Gabbard accused hosts CNN and The New York Times of attacking her, saying, "Just two days ago, The New York Times put out an article saying that I'm a Russian asset and an Assad apologist and all these different smears. This morning, a CNN commentator said on national television that I'm an asset of Russia. Completely despicable."[149] Gabbard said the "smears" against her stemmed from her opposition to "regime change war" in Syria.[147][150][151]

Gabbard did not meet the polling threshold for the third presidential debate in time for the August 28 deadline. The following day, she criticized DNC's qualification criteria, saying that the DNC process of developing those criteria lacked transparency.[152] On September 24, Gabbard qualified for the fourth debate in Ohio in October 2019 after gaining her fourth qualifying poll.[153] In October, Gabbard accused the media and the Democratic party of "rigging" the 2020 election, and briefly threatened to boycott the fourth debate.[151][154] On October 14, she announced in a letter to supporters that she would attend the debate.[155]

On October 18, 2019, Hillary Clinton was reported to have said that Russia was "grooming" a female Democrat to run as a third-party candidate who would help President Trump win reelection via a spoiler effect. She said that, along with Jill Stein, "she is also a Russian asset".[156][157] The media understood Clinton to be referring to Gabbard, which Clinton spokesperson Nick Merril seemed to confirm to CNN, saying "If the nesting doll fits"; however, Gabbard has repeatedly said she will not run as a third-party candidate in 2020.[158][159][157] Later the same day, Gabbard responded to Clinton by tweet, calling her "queen of warmongers, embodiment of corruption, and personification of the rot that has sickened the Democratic Party for so long", and saying that Clinton is responsible for what Gabbard called a "concerted campaign to destroy [her] reputation".[160] Fellow 2020 Democratic presidential candidates Andrew Yang,[161] Marianne Williamson,[162] Beto O'Rourke,[163] Pete Buttigieg,[164] John Delaney,[165] Bernie Sanders,[166] as well as President Trump[167][168] and Nina Turner[169][170] defended Gabbard and criticized Clinton's remarks. About a week after the initial reports, some mainstream media outlets changed their reporting to say it was not Russians but Republicans who Clinton thought were doing the grooming.[171] CNN reported in early November that after Clinton called Gabbard "a favorite of the Russians", Gabbard's poll numbers rose by at least two percentage points, making her eligible for the upcoming debate.[172] On November 11, lawyers for Gabbard accused Hillary Clinton of defamation and demanded she verbally retract her remarks. The lawyers wrote, "This Republicans-not-Russians spin developed only after you realized the defamatory nature of your statement, and therefore your legal liability, as well as the full extent of the public backlash against your statement."[173]

On October 25, 2019, Gabbard announced that she would not seek re-election to her house seat in 2020 in order to focus on her presidential campaign.[174]

Political positions

Main article: Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard
Gabbard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia

Gabbard's political positions are broadly similar to those of other 2020 Democratic primary contenders on healthcare, climate, education, infrastructure, and criminal justice reform. But she has taken unconventional stances on issues ranging from Democratic Party internal politics to foreign affairs. For Gabbard, foreign and domestic policy are inseparable. She criticizes what she terms the "neoliberal/neoconservative war machine", which pushes for US involvement in "wasteful foreign wars". She has said that the money spent on war should be redirected to serve domestic needs. Nevertheless, she describes herself as both a hawk and a dove: "When it comes to the war against terrorists, I'm a hawk", but "when it comes to counterproductive wars of regime change, I'm a dove."[175][176][177][178][179] Gabbard resigned from the DNC over dissatisfaction with the reduction in the number of primary debates in 2016 and its decision not to support Bernie Sanders in the primary.[131][130][135][136]

Foreign affairs

In 2017, Gabbard had an unplanned meeting with Syrian president Bashar al-Assad, and expressed skepticism about Assad's use of chemical weapons against civilians, saying "a successful prosecution of Assad (at the International Criminal Court) w[ould] require collection of evidence from the scene of the incident" and that she "support[ed] the United Nations’ efforts in this regard".[180][177] In a 2018 interview with The Nation, Gabbard said the United States had "been waging a regime change war in Syria since 2011. Central to that war to overthrow the Syrian government of Assad, the U.S., along with its allies Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Qatar, has been providing direct and indirect support to terrorist organizations like Al Qaeda".[181] She also criticized the Obama Administration for "refusing" to say that "Islamic extremists" are waging a war against the United States.[182] Gabbard called Assad a "brutal dictator."[183]

Gabbard was a five-year "term member"[184] of the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR).[185][186] When asked about her involvement in it, she said that while many in CFR did not share her worldview, “If we only sit in rooms with people who we agree with, then we won’t be able to bring about the kind of change that we need to see.”[187]

Standing with fellow House Democrats to demand a vote on gun control measures

Healthcare and GMO labeling

Gabbard supports a national healthcare insurance program that covers uninsured as well as under-insured people[188] and allows supplemental but not duplicative private insurance.[189] She has called for addressing the national nursing shortage[190] and supports clear GMO labeling,[191][192] voting in 2016 against a GMO-labeling bill she said was too weak.[193]

Environment

Gabbard has spoken in favor of a Green New Deal but expressed concerns about vagueness in some proposed versions of the legislation[194] and its inclusion of nuclear energy.[195] She advocates her own Off Fossil Fuels for a Better Future Act (“OFF Act”) as legislation to transition the United States to clean renewable energy.[196][197]

Crime

Gabbard has been outspoken against a “broken criminal justice system” that puts “people in prison for smoking marijuana" while allowing pharmaceutical corporations responsible for "opioid-related deaths of thousands to walk away scot-free with their coffers full."[198]

LGBT rights

In 1998, at age 17, Gabbard campaigned for an anti-gay rights organization her father founded. She continued to oppose gay rights after becoming a state representative, when in 2004 she successfully led opposition to House Bill 1024, which would have given same-sex couples with civil unions the same legal rights as married couples.[199][200][201] Her opposition to the bill included leading a protest outside the committee room.[200][201]

Gabbard has since apologized for her previous stances and said that her views were changed by her experience in the military "with LGBTQ service members both here at home and while deployed"[202] as well as seeing "the destructive effect of having governments … act as moral arbiters for their people."[199] Gabbard has been a member of the House LGBT Equality Caucus during her first, third and fourth terms in Congress.[203][204][205] Gabbard's scores from the Human Rights Campaign, a group that advocates for LGBT rights, were 92% in the 113th Congress, 88% in the 114th Congress, and 100% in the 115th Congress.[206][207][208][209]

Dakota Access Pipeline

Gabbard protested the construction of the final leg of the Dakota Access Pipeline in 2016.[210][211]

Personal life

Gabbard's first name comes from the Sanskrit word for Holy Basil, a plant sacred in Hinduism.[212] Her siblings also have Hindu Sanskrit-origin names.[17] During her childhood Gabbard excelled in martial arts.[22] She is vegan[213] and, as a Hindu, follows Gaudiya Vaishnavism,[21] a religious movement founded by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in the 16th century. Gabbard describes herself as a karma yogi.[214] She values the Bhagavad Gita as a spiritual guide,[215] and used it when she took the oath of office in 2013.[216][217] Gabbard has said that she is pleased that her election gives hope to young American Hindus who "can be open about their faith, and even run for office, without fear of being discriminated against or attacked because of their religion".[218]

In 2002, Gabbard married Eduardo Tamayo.[79][219] They divorced in 2006. She cites "the stresses war places on military spouses and families" as a reason for their divorce.[220]

In 2015, Gabbard married freelance cinematographer and editor Abraham Williams, the son of Gabbard's office manager, in a traditional Vedic wedding ceremony, wearing blue silk.[22][221][222]

Awards and honors

On November 25, 2013, Gabbard received the John F. Kennedy New Frontier Award at a ceremony at the Institute of Politics at Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government for her efforts on behalf of veterans.[223]

On March 26, 2014, Elle honored Gabbard, with others, at the Italian Embassy in the United States during its annual "Women in Washington Power List."[224]

On July 15, 2015, Gabbard received the Friend of the National Parks Award from the National Parks Conservation Association.[225]

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Stevens, Matt (October 19, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard: Who She Is and What She Stands For". The New York Times. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
  2. ^ Haltiwanger, John (October 15, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard is running for president in 2020. Here's everything we know about the candidate and how she stacks up against the competition". Business Insider. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
  3. ^ Peterson, Beatrice (September 27, 2019). "Hawaii Rep. Tulsi Gabbard changes course on impeachment inquiry". ABC News. Retrieved October 18, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ "Gabbard takes presidential campaign break for Army National Guard training". Army Times. Associated Press. August 13, 2019. Retrieved October 18, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  6. ^ Beauchamp, Zack (January 16, 2019). "Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, 2020 Democratic candidate, explained". Vox. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
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  8. ^ "What the Democratic Candidates Discussed During the Debates: Annotated Transcripts". Bloomberg.com. October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ McAvoy, Audrey (January 18, 2019). "Hawaii's Gabbard apologizes for past LGBTQ statements". AP NEWS. Retrieved October 11, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ Knowles, David. "Rep. Tulsi Gabbard apologizes, again, for past anti-gay views". Yahoo News. Retrieved October 11, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ^ Bonn, Tess (September 26, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard calls for foreign policy-focused debate". TheHill. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
  12. ^ "Anti-war presidential hopeful Tulsi Gabbard campaigns in Fremont". SFChronicle.com. March 18, 2019. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
  13. ^ EDT, Tom O'Connor On 8/1/19 at 1:31 PM (August 1, 2019). "The Tulsi Gabbard and Bashar al-Assad controversy explained". Newsweek. Retrieved October 15, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ Elfrink, Tim (October 25, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard wont' run for re-election to Congress as she seeks Democratic presidential nomination". Washington Post. Retrieved October 25, 2019.
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  16. ^ "Sauni se tamaitai Samoa e tauva i le tofi Peresetene o le Iunaite Setete o Amerika (USA) | Samoa Times: Samoan Community Newspaper".
  17. ^ a b c Mendoza, Jim (February 1, 2013). "The Gabbards: Raising Hawaii's next political star (Part 1)". Hawaii News Now. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
  18. ^ Honey, Charley (November 13, 2012). "2012 Election was a vote for religious tolerance, amid shifting political landscape". The Grand Rapids Free Press. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
  19. ^ Kumar, Arvind (November 15, 2012). "The first Hindu in US Congress". Indian Weekender. Retrieved October 18, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  20. ^ Kaleem, Jaweed (January 4, 2013). "Tulsi Gabbard, First Hindu In Congress, Uses Bhagavad Gita At Swearing-In". HuffPost. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
  21. ^ a b Malhotra, Jawahar (November 1, 2012). "Tulsi Gabbard's Run for Congress Carries with it Many Hindu Hearts". Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2019.
  22. ^ a b c Sanneh, Kelefa (October 30, 2017). "What Does Tulsi Gabbard Believe?". New Yorker. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
  23. ^ Geraghty, Jim (February 21, 2019). "Twenty Things You Probably Didn't Know About Tulsi Gabbard". Retrieved December 2, 2019.
  24. ^ Feeny, Will (November 6, 2012). "Hawaii, 2nd House District: Tulsi Gabbard (D)". National Journal. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
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  207. ^ https://assets2.hrc.org/files/assets/resources/113thCongressionalScorecard_web_REV.pdf?_ga=2.232933917.2041851356.1575422664-1930005296.1575422664
  208. ^ https://assets2.hrc.org/files/assets/resources/114thCongressionalScorecard.pdf?_ga=2.57337001.2041851356.1575422664-1930005296.1575422664
  209. ^ http://assets2.hrc.org/files/assets/resources/115thCongressionalScorecard-Report.pdf?_ga=2.65773741.2041851356.1575422664-1930005296.1575422664
  210. ^ Nienaber, Georgianne (December 4, 2016). "Hawaii's Tulsi Gabbard Joins Water Protectors at Standing Rock". HuffPost. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  211. ^ Stuart, Tessa (December 6, 2016). "Standing Rock: Tulsi Gabbard on What the Dakota Pipeline Decision Means". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  212. ^ Frederick J. Simoons (1998). Plants of Life, Plants of Death. University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 9–48. ISBN 9780299159047.
  213. ^ Bowles, Nellie (August 2, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard Thinks We're Doomed". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved September 21, 2019. Ms. Gabbard … would be the first female president, the first American Samoan, the first from Hawaii, the first surfer, the first vegan.
  214. ^ Kumar, Rishi (October 10, 2012). "The Indian American Contenders". India Currents. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
  215. ^ Sacirbey, Omar (November 2, 2012). "Tulsi Gabbard, Hawaii Democrat, Poised To Be Elected First Hindu In Congress". Retrieved November 11, 2012.
  216. ^ Tulsi Gabbard (January 27, 2019). "Religious Bigotry Is Un-American". Veterans Today. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  217. ^ Kaleem, Jaweed (January 4, 2013). "Tulsi Gabbard, First Hindu In Congress, Uses Bhagavad Gita At Swearing-In".
  218. ^ Kuma, Arun (November 7, 2012). "Tulsi Gabbard becomes first Hindu-American in US Congress". NewsTrack India. Indo-Asian News Service. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
  219. ^ India Herald, February 18, 2015, page 11
  220. ^ LaFrance, Adrienne (January 17, 2012). "Tulsi Gabbard's Leftward Journey". Honolulu Civil Beat. Civilbeat.com.
  221. ^ Kathy Ehrich Dowd (April 10, 2015). "Inside U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard's 'Perfect' Hawaiian Hindu Wedding". People.
  222. ^ Amanda Mitchell (July 29, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard's Husband Abraham Williams Proposed on a Surfboard". O, The Oprah Magazine. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  223. ^ Smith, Dave. "Gabbard Presented with Kennedy New Frontier Award". BigIslandNow.com. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
  224. ^ Watters, Susan (March 28, 2014). "Gucci and Elle Honor Women in Washington Power List". Women's Wear Daily. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
  225. ^ "Rep. Gabbard Honored for Support of National Parks". MauiNow.com. July 17, 2015. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
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U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Hawaii's 2nd congressional district
2013–present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States Representatives by seniority
204th 		Succeeded by
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