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List of equipment of the Egyptian Army

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Pototo1 (talk | contribs) at 18:20, 29 January 2015 (→Armored fighting vehicles: http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/egypt/army-equipment.htm). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

The following list outlines the major equipment holdings of the modern Egyptian Army.

Infantry Weapons

Small Arms

Name Image Origin Type Caliber Comment
Small arms
Tokarev TT-33  Egypt Semi-automatic pistol 7.62X25mm
Helwan  Italy
 Egypt		 Semi-automatic pistol 9X19 mm Produced under license by the Ministry of Military Production, Factory 54[1]
P226  Switzerland Semi-automatic pistol 9X19mm
HK USP  Germany Semi-automatic pistol 9x19 mm
Helwan 920  Italy
 Egypt		 Semi-automatic pistol 9X19 mm Beretta M92-FS pistol, with early Beretta 92-style grip-mounted magazine release button. Produced under license by the Ministry of Military Production, Factory 54[2]
MP5  Germany Submachine gun 9X19 mm Used by Paratroopers, Sa'ka Forces & Unit 777
UMP  Germany Submachine gun .45 ACP  Used by Sa'ka Forces
Sig 552 File:Stgw 90 kurz.jpg  Switzerland Carbine 5.56x45 mm Used by Sa'ka Forces & Unit 777
Beretta AR70/90  Italy Assault rifle 5.56X45 mm
AK47 (AKA: MISR)  Soviet Union
 Egypt		 Assault rifle 7.62X39mm
Maadi  Egypt Assault rifle 7.62X39 mm Indigenous version of the Soviet AKM rifle. Produced under license by the Al Maadi Company for Engineering Industries (Factory 54).[3][4]
M16  United States Assault rifle 5.56X45 mm Used by M1A1 crews
M4  United States Carbine 5.56X45 mm Used by Paratroopers
CZ-805 BREN  Czech Republic Assault rifle 5.56X45 mm / 7.62X39 mm
Beretta ARX 160  Italy Assault rifle 5.56X45 mm / 7.62X39 mm Used by Navy Thunderbolt Forces
RPD  Soviet Union
 Poland
 Egypt		 Light machine gun 7.62X39 mm Produced locally under license. (See RPD page)
FN Minimi  Belgium
 Egypt		 Light machine gun 5.56X45 mm Produced locally under license.[5]
RPK[6]  Soviet Union Light machine gun 7.62X39 mm
PK/PKM/PKMS[7]  Soviet Union General purpose machine gun 7.62X54 mm
M60E4 File:M60GPMG.jpeg  United States General purpose machine gun 7.62X51 mm Also known as Mk43
FN MAG  Belgium
 Egypt		 General purpose machine gun 7.62X51 mm Produced locally under license[8][9] (See FN MAG page)
SG-43 Goryunov  Soviet Union
 Poland
 Egypt		 Medium machine gun 7.62x54mmR Produced locally
DShK File:Doushka desert.jpg  Soviet Union Heavy machine gun 12.7X108 mm
NSV  Russia Heavy machine gun 12.7X108 mm Used by T-80 crews
M2HB  United States Heavy machine gun 12.7X99 mm
KPV  Soviet Union Heavy machine gun 14.5X114 mm See KPV page
Dragunov SVD[10] File:Svd 1 russian.jpg  Soviet Union Sniper rifle 7.62X54 mm
PSG1  Germany Sniper rifle 7.62X51 mm
M40A3  United States Sniper rifle 7.62X51 mm
M82 File:M82A1 barrett.jpeg  United States Anti-materiel rifle .50 caliber
MK19  United States
 Egypt		 Automatic grenade launcher 40X53 mm Manufactured locally.[11][12]
Maadi GL  United States
 Egypt		 Underbarrel grenade launcher 40X46 mm Manufactured locally [13][14]
M79  United States Single shot grenade launcher 40X46 mm

Anti-Tank and Missile

Recoilless Rifles

Name Image Origin Number Comment
Recoilless rifle
M40  United States UNKNOWN 105 mm
SPG-9  Soviet Union 3000+ 73 mm[15]
B-10  Soviet Union 1600 82 mm[16]
B-11  Soviet Union 1800 107 mm[17]

Anti Tank Systems

Name Image Origin Number Comment
Anti Tank Systems
RPG-7  Soviet Union 179,000+ units locally made
M72_LAW  United States 5,000 units
Milan II  France 220+ units wire-guided anti-armor missile system
Swingfire  United Kingdom 260+ units wire-guided anti-armor missile system (locally made)
BGM-71D TOW II  United States 500+ 450 missiles wire-guided anti-armor missile system (810 + 575 units)(locally made)[18]
AGM-114 Hellfire  United States UNKNOWN 107 mm
AT-1 Snapper  Soviet Union UNKNOWN wire-guided anti-tank missile system.
AT-2 Swatter  Soviet Union UNKNOWN radio command Anti-tank missile.
AT-3 Sagger  Soviet Union UNKNOWN wire-guided anti-tank guided missile system.
AT-5 Spandrel  Soviet Union UNKNOWN wire-guided anti-tank missile, mounted on Fahd armoured personnel carriers purchased in the 1990s
AT-14 Spriggan  Russia UNKNOWN anti-tank guided missile (ATGM)
HJ-8  China UNKNOWN Locally Produced Version Named AHRAM

Man-Portable Air Defense

System Image Origin Number Comment
Air defence
Sakr Eye  Soviet Union 2,500+ Egyptian modified version of the SA-7 MANPAD short range SAM.
Stinger  United States 1,800+ MANPAD short range SAM
Igla  Soviet Union 600+ MANPAD short range SAM

Vehicles

thumbnail

Armored fighting vehicles

Name Image Origin Quantity Year of Service Comment
Main Battle Tank
M1 Abrams  United States
 Egypt		 ~1,130[19][20][21] 1992–2011 Built by Egypt under license during 4 phases (Phase I, 555 vehicles, Phase II, 200 vehicles, Phase III, 125 vehicles, and Phase IV, 125 vehicles), completion date is scheduled for 2011 for phase IV.[19][20] All vehicles were produced at M1A1 standard . An additional 125 are being procured as kits and built in Egypt under Phase V,Egypt is having 755 M1A1 up-grade to the M1A2 SEP.,[21]
M-60  United States
 West Germany		 ~1,150 [22] 1979/1992/2001/2002 Out of 1735 M60A3 + 700 M60A1 were brought up to A3 Standard from U.S. Army Europe surplus stocks in Germany between 1979-1988 + 173 M60A3 between 1992-2001[23] + 108 M60A3 from the Austrian Army Surplus in 2002,[24] many units underwent several upgrades, including, a new engine (908 hp), extensive armor addition, armored side skirts, fire control system with ballistics computer, infrared vision device, laser rangefinder, upgraded gun stabilizer.[25]
T-80  Russia 34 1997 14 T-80UK and 20 T-80U purchased in 1997.[26]
Ramses II  Egypt ~425 2004- A significantly upgraded T-54/55. Though the initial prototype (T-54E) was delivered in 1984, full production did not begin until 2004-2005, an additional 140-160 are to be converted from stored T-55.
T-62  Soviet Union
 Czechoslovakia
 Egypt		 ~500[22][25] 1971/1982/1995/2004 Underwent 3 upgrades, the 1st upgrade: RO-115 Mark I: developed in the early 1980s; the 2nd upgrade: T-62E Mark II: In the mid 1990s; the 3rd upgrade: RO-120 Mark III: developed in 2004.[25][27]
T-55  Soviet Union
 Poland
 Czechoslovakia
 Egypt		 ~800[22][25] 1961/1984/1997 Some upgrated since 1984.
Infantry Fighting Vehicle
EIFV File:EIFV Description.gif  Egypt 1,200 1997- Tracked IFV, it is an upgrade for the M113 consisting of additional armor, an improved engine, and the turret from an M2 Bradley.[28]
YPR-765 PRI  United States
 Belgium
 Netherlands		 1,030[22] 1996 Tracked IFV, European version of the American AIFV; purchased from Netherlands, equipped with the 25 mm KBA-B02 turret.
Fahd 280-30  Egypt 635 1986 4X4 IFV, equipped with the BMP-2 turret.
BMP-1  Soviet Union
 Czechoslovakia		 220[22] 1972 Amphibious tracked IFV.
Armored Personnel Carrier
M113A2  United States
 Egypt		 ~2,000 [29] 1980–2002 Tracked APC, uparmored and equipment with a protective shield for its 12.7 mm main weapon station.
BTR-50PK/BTR-50PKM  Soviet Union 250[22] 1966/2004 Amphibious tracked APC, 500 were ordered in 1964 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1965 and 1966 (the vehicles were possibly previously in Soviet service). 250 BTR-50PKs are currently in service, out of which 100 were upgraded to BTR-50PKM standard.
OT-62B  Czechoslovakia ~200 1972 Amphibious tracked APC, some upgraded in Ukraine.[30]
OT-64A  Czechoslovakia
 Poland		 200[22] 1973 Amphibious 8X8 APC, known also as OT-64C and fitted with the BRDM-2 turret.
BTR-60PB  Soviet Union 200[22] 1970 Amphibious 8X8 APC, a few hundred BTR-60s and BTR-152s acquired before June 1967.[3] 650 BTR-60PBs were ordered in 1969 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1970 and 1973. Currently 200 BTR-60PBs are in service.
BMR-600  Spain 260[22] 1986 Amphibious 6X6 APC.
BTR-152K  Soviet Union 175[22] 1963 Amphibious 6X6 APC, out of 675 BTR-152s originally bought (relegated to Border Patrol). Also Egypt operated 120 BTR-152 converted into SPAAGs (See Egypt section for details) but withdrawn them from service in the middle of the 1980s.
Fahd 240  Egypt 410 1986 4X4 APC, some with BTM-208 turret and others with Milan AT launcher. Production ongoing
Walid MKII File:Aoi logo.jpg Arab Organization for Industrialization 650 1966 4X4 Armoured border patrol vehicle.
BTR-40/SPW-40Chs  Soviet Union 230[22] 1955/1991 Amphibious 4X4 APC, 350 were ordered from the Soviet Union in 1955 and delivered between 1955 and 1959. 30 SPW-40Chs were ordered in 1991 from Germany and delivered later that year (aid during the First Persian Gulf War). 200 in service at present (relegated to Border Patrol) + 30 for NBC protection and detection.
PTS-M  Soviet Union Unknown 1973 Tracked amphibious personnel and cargo carrier.
Tank Destroyer
M901A3  United States 52[22] 1986 Tracked tank destroyer.
Armored reconnaissance vehicle
RG-32M  South Africa 180 2003 4X4 Full armor version, used for border patrol.
M981 FISTV  United States 72 1998 Artillery fire support team and observeration vehicle.
M1114  United States 375 1995 4X4 Configured as forward artillery observation vehicle.
M1043  United States 350 1988 4X4 Configured as armored reconnaissance scout.
V150 Commando  United States 180[22] 2001 4X4 Armored reconnaissance scout.
Cadillac Gage Commando Scout  United States 112[31] 1986 4X4 Armored reconnaissance scout.
BRDM-2  Soviet Union
 Poland		 300[22] 1968 Amphibious 4X4 Armored reconnaissance scout. 100 of them are modernized to BRDM-2M96i standard by Poland in 2001.
Armoured Infantry mobility vehicle
Temsah APC  Egypt Unknown
Panthera T6  Egypt Unknown
Sherpa  France 18 N/A Order placed in 2011.
REVA V  South Africa N/A
REVA III  South Africa N/A
Casspir  South Africa N/A
M1151  United States 3890+ 1988- All variants: M998/ MM1038/ M-1043 utility and cargo vehicles, M1151 uparmored utility vehicle and M996/ MM1043 ambulance versions are included; (additional 575 M1043 are on order). AOI has a project of fitting HMMWVs with anti armor weaponry, options include: TOW, Milan, or HOT missiles.[29]
Tiger Kader-120  Italy
 Egypt		 650 1998 4X4 Armored multirole military vehicle (Locally built).[32][33][34][35]
Hotspur HUSSARD  United Kingdom
 Northern Ireland
 Egypt		 110 1986 6X6 Armored patrol vehicle.

Field support

  • M577 Tracked field command vehicle (280)
  • M548 Unarmored tracked support and cargo vehicle (275)
  • M992 Armored tracked artillery ammunition support vehicle for the M-109 (250)

Engineering

Amphibious bridging

Mine dispensers / clearance

Logistics and utility

Model Image Origin Type Variant Number Comment
Military vehicle
HETS
 United States
 Egypt


 United States		 Truck Tractor Model 1070 (8x8)



Model 911 (8x8)		 320+



450		 Produced under license[60]
MTVR  United States Truck Tractor Model MK31 (6x6) 350[61]
PLS  United States Very Heavy Truck
(10+ tonnes)		 Model M1075 (10x10)
Model M1074 (10x10)		 90
110
HEMTT  United States Very Heavy Truck
(10+ tonnes)		 Model M985 (8x8)
Model M978 (8x8)
Model M977 (8x8)		 500[61]
75[61]
350[61]
MAZ  Soviet Union Very Heavy Truck
(10+ tonnes)		 Model 543 (8x8) 250
ZiL  Soviet Union Very Heavy Truck
(10+ tonnes)		 Model 135 (8x8) 380
Ural  Russia Very Heavy Truck
(10+ tonnes)		 Model 5323 (8x8) 550
MTVR  United States Very Heavy Truck
(10+ tonnes)		 Model MK36 (8x8) 250[61]
MTVR  United States Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 Model MK27 (6x6) 450[61]
M939  United States Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 Model M931 (6x6)
Model M927 (6x6)
Model M923 (6x6)
Model M818 (6x6)		 275
600
600
560
M54  United States Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 (6x6) 950 US army surplus
Scania  Sweden Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 Model SBA111 (6x6) 590
FAP
 Serbia




 Yugoslavia		 Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 Model 2228 (6x6)




Model 2026 (6x6)		 650




860
KrAZ
 Ukraine




 Soviet Union		 Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 Model 6322 (6x6)




Model 255 (6x6)		 250




850
Ural
 Soviet Union
 Egypt



 Soviet Union		 Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 Model 4320 (6x6)




Model 375D (6x6)		 3,500+




2,750		 Locally built, ongoing production
ZiL  Soviet Union Heavy Truck
(5+ tonnes)		 Model 131 (6x6) 1,800
MTVR  United States Medium Truck
(2+ tonnes)		 Model Mk25 (4x4)
Model Mk23 (4x4)		 950[61]
550[61]
M35  United States Medium Truck
(2+ tonnes)		 (6x6) 1,050 US army surplus
FAP  Serbia Medium Truck
(2+ tonnes)		 Model 1118 (4x4) 1,250
Pegaso  Spain Medium Truck
(2+ tonnes)		 Model 3046 (4x4) 9,850
GAZ  Soviet Union Medium Truck
(2+ tonnes)		 Model 66 (4x4) 5,100
HMMWV  United States
File:Aoi logo.jpg Arab Organization for Industrialization		 Light Truck
(.5+ tonnes)		 M998 (4X4)
M1038 (4X4)
M1043 (4X4)
M1151 (4X4)
M996 (4X4)
M1043 (4X4)		 675
450
510+575
1,040
150
140		 Utility and cargo carrier
Utility and cargo carrier
Utility and cargo carrier; additional 575 M1043 are on order.
Uparmored utility vehicle
Mini ambulance
Maxi ambulance
* Arab Organization for Industrialization has a project of fitting HMMWVs with anti armor weaponry, options include: TOW, Milan, or HOT missiles.[29]
M274  United States Light Truck
(.5+ tonnes)		 (4x4) 1,500
G-Class  Germany
 Egypt		 Utility vehicle (4x4) 3,910+[32] Production ongoing
Jeep CJ  United States
 Egypt		 Utility vehicle (4x4) Jeep CJ7
Jeep CJ8
Jeep TJ
Jeep JK
Jeep J8		 10,650[32] Locally built.
M151 MUTT  United States Utility vehicle (4x4) 4,750
Trailers
M1076  United States Flatbed (6x6) 70
M1000 trailer  United States
 Egypt		 Flatbed (10x10) 320+ Produced under license.[62]
M 970A1  United States Refueler (4x4) 175
M746 trailer  United States Flatbed (8x8) 450


Missile and rocket

The Egyptian ballistic missile development program apparently continues, with steadfast technological progress since the late 1950s after the construction of Jabal Hamzah ballistic missile test and launch facility to conduct test fires on Al Zafir and Al Kahir SRBMs.[63][64] The RS-120 Tactical Ballistic Missile Program is still in the developmental stage and should be shortly replacing the Frog-7 and supplementing the Sakr 80; by having a range of 120 km, it would be considered as an intermediate system between the battlefield range ballistic missile system and the theater ballistic missile system. Should, however, there be a dramatic change in its political climate and financial resources, Egypt possesses the technological and personnel resources to produce a Scud B/C, Al Badr and Project-T and could possibly acquire the Nodong missile technology.[65] [66][67]

Theater ballistic missile

Name Type Origin Range Comment
Ballistic missile
Project-T Short-range ballistic missile  Egypt 450 km[65] Based on the Soviet SS-1 “Scud B” build with North Korean Assistance, 25 launchers more than 90 missiles[22][67]
Scud-B Short-range ballistic missile  Soviet Union 300 km 9 launchers, unknown number of missiles [67]
Sakr-80 Battlefield range ballistic missile  Egypt 80 km (360 units/60 launchers [3 missiles per launchers])(Indegenious design)[68][69]
FROG-7 Battlefield range ballistic missile  Soviet Union 70 km 12 launchers.

Artillery

Self propelled howitzers

Self propelled mortars

Field artillery

Howitzers

  • D-20 152 mm towed field gun howitzer (150)
  • D-30M 122 mm towed field howitzer (600) (Manufactured locally - production as needed)[74]

Field guns

  • S-23 180 mm towed field heavy gun (24)
  • GH 52 155 mm towed field gun w/APU (400) (Being manufactured locally under license - production as needed)[75]
  • M-46 130 mm towed field gun (420) (Manufactured locally - production as needed)[76]
  • Type 59-1M 130 mm towed field gun (150)
  • D-74 122 mm towed field gun (148)
  • Type 60 122 mm towed field gun (148)
  • M1944 100 mm towed field gun (200)

Mortars

Training artillery

Howitzers and field guns
  • ML-20 152 mm towed field howitzer (100) - Retained for training
  • M-30 122 mm towed field howitzer (200) - Retained for training
  • A-19 122 mm towed field gun (50) - Retained for training
Mortars

Stored artillery

  • D-20 152 mm towed field gun howitzer (120)
  • D-1 152 mm towed field howitzer (150)
  • ML-20 152 mm towed field howitzer (100)
  • M-30 122 mm towed field howitzer (150)

Multiple rocket launcher

  • VAP-80: 80 mm towed/self propelled non-guided rocket system of 12 tubes arranged in 3 rows of 4: Range: 8 km: (250 launcher units)[81]
  • RL-812 TLC 107 mm towed non-guided rocket system of 12 tubes arranged in 3 rows of 4: Range 9 km: (96 launcher units)[82][83]
  • PRL81: 107 mm non-guided rocket system of a single tube based on a tripod stand: Range: 8 km, Egyptian modified version of the Type 63 multiple rocket launcher: (250 launcher units)[83][84]
  • Sakr-4 also known as PRL111:122 mm non-guided rocket system of a single tube based on a tripod stand: Range: 10.8 km: (120 launcher units)[68][85]
  • Sakr-8:122 mm non-guided rocket system of 2 or 3 tubes based on a tripod stand or a Jeep: Range: 10.8 km, Egyptian modified version of the BM21: (48 launcher units)
  • Sakr-10:122 mm self-propelled non-guided rocket system of 4 tubes arranged in 2 rows of 2 on a tripod stand or a Jeep: Range: 10.8 km, Egyptian modified version of the BM-21: (50 Launcher Units)[68]
  • BM-21 122 mm non-guided rocket system of 40 tubes arranged in 4 rows of 10: Range: 20.8 km: (215 launcher units)
  • Sakr-18 (Known as RL-21):122 mm self-propelled battlefield rocket system of 30 tubes arranged in 3 rows of 10: Range: 20.8 km, Egyptian modified version of the BM21: (72 launcher units)[68]
  • Sakr-30 (Known as RC-21):122 mm self-propelled battlefield rocket system of 40 tubes arranged in 4 rows of 10: Range: 30 km, Egyptian modified version of the BM-21: (130 launcher units)[68]
  • Sakr-36: 122 mm self-propelled battlefield rocket system of 40 tubes arranged in 4 rows of 10: Range: 36 km, enhanced range Egyptian modified version of the BM-21(50 launcher units)[68]
  • M-51 130 mm self-propelled non-guided rocket system of 16 tubes arranged in 4 rows of 4: Range 8.2 km (36 launcher units)[86]
  • K-136 Kooryong: 130mm 36-round multiple rocket launch system (36 Launchers) (Range: 36 km)
  • Sakr-45: 227 mm self-propelled battlefield rocket system, Range: 45 km, Egyptian licensed built version of the M270 rocket combined with the traditional Sakr-36 6X6 launching truck system of 12 tubes arranged in 2 rows of 6 (20 launcher units)
  • M270: 227 mm self-propelled battlefield rocket system of 12 tubes arranged in 2 rows of 6: (48 launcher units)
    • Range with M26 rocket ammunition: 32 km
    • Range with M26A1/A2 ammunition: 45 km
    • Range with M30 ammunition: 45 km
  • BM-24: 240 mm self-propelled battlefield rocket system of 12 tubes arranged in 2 rows of 6: Range 11 km (48 launcher units)[87][88]

Air defense

System Image Origin Number Comment
Air defence
MIM-104 Patriot  United States 4
Buk-M1  Russia N/A Egypt in 1971 to see Kub in operation.[89]
Buk-M2  Russia N/A
Tor-M1  Russia 16
Tor-M2  Russia N/A
Crotale  France N/A
Pechora-2M  Soviet Union N/A
SA-2  Soviet Union N/A
Tayer el-Sabah  Egypt
 Soviet Union		 N/A Egyptian version of SA-2.
2K12 Kub  Soviet Union 56
Strela-2  Soviet Union N/A
Strela-1  Soviet Union 20
Igla  Soviet Union N/A
Shilka  Soviet Union N/A
ZSU-57-2  Soviet Union N/A
Nile 23  Egypt
 Soviet Union		 N/A Upgraded version of the ZU-23-2 twin 23 mm self-propelled anti-aircraft guns radar guided (148) with

Sakr Eye SAM 2X2 on M113

Sinai 23  Egypt
 Soviet Union		 N/A Upgraded version of the ZU-23-2 twin 23 mm self-propelled anti-aircraft guns radar guided with

Stinger SAM (3X2) (72) on M113

ZPU  Soviet Union N/A
M53/59 Praga  Czechoslovakia N/A
MIM-23 Hawk File:Nellis to host 21th annual air defense system forum, 2010.jpg  United States N/A
MIM-72 Chaparral  United States N/A
AN/TWQ-1 Avenger  United States N/A
Stinger  United States N/A
SLAMRAAM  United States N/A [90]
M163 VADS  United States 108
Amoun  Egypt N/A

future of air defense

System Image Origin Number Comment
Air defence
S-400 Triumf  Russia N/A Egypt has expressed its interest in buying S-400 systems.[91]
Pantsir-S1  Russia N/A There is a definite possibility to contract Bantsr feed 1 to protect platforms S-300VM.


  • ZU-23-2 upgraded twin 23 mm stationary or towed radar guided AA gun system (Manufactured locally)[92] (650)
  • M1939 37 mm anti-aircraft guns with upgraded radar guidance (700)
  • S-60 57 mm anti-aircraft guns with upgraded radar guidance (600)
  • M1939 85 mm anti-aircraft guns with upgraded radar guidance (400)
  • KS-19 100 mm anti-aircraft guns with upgraded radar guidance (200)
  • KS-30 130 mm anti-aircraft guns with upgraded radar guidance (120)

References

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  40. ^ "MDK-2 series of trench-digging machines (Russian Federation)". Jane's Information Group. 5 July 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  41. ^ a b "BTM series of high-speed ditching machines (Russian Federation)". Jane's Information Group. 5 July 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  42. ^ "PZM and PZM-2 regimental trench-digging machines (Ukraine". Jane's Information Group. 5 July 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  43. ^ http://www.mfa.gov.ua/usa/en/publication/content/12655.htm
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  45. ^ http://esotericarmour.blogspot.co.uk/2013/08/egypt-caterpillar-d7r-ii-armoured.html
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  47. ^ "PMM-2 amphibious bridging and ferry system (Russian Federation)". Jane's Information Group. 10 January 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  48. ^ a b c "PTS, PTS-M and PTS-2 tracked amphibious vehicles (Russian Federation". Jane's Information Group. 28 July 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
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  50. ^ a b Handbook On Soviet Ground Forces. Books.google.com. 30 August 2004. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  51. ^ "GSP-55". Orasoft.net.pl. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  52. ^ "Soviet GSP-55". Military Vehicle Photos. 17 November 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  53. ^ "BMK-T and BMK-225 bridging boats (Russian Federation)". Jane's Information Group. 3 October 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  54. ^ a b "BMK-130 and BMK-150 bridging boats (Russian Federation)". Jane's Information Group. 31 August 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  55. ^ a b Don Busack Consulting. "BMK-130M Motor Boat Walk Around Page 1". Primeportal.net. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  56. ^ a b Hans Rosloot (8 September 2011). "The Amphiclopedia Bg to Bz". Amphibiousvehicle.net. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  57. ^ a b c نثر الألغام المضادة للدبابات (in Arabic). Aoi.com.eg. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  58. ^ a b c "'Nather' anti-tank mine dispensing system (Egypt)". Jane's Information Group. 21 February 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  59. ^ a b c "نظم نثر الألغام المضادة للدبابات المحملة على عربات". Aoi.com.eg. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
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  62. ^ "635NL" (in Arabic). Ministry of Military Production (Egypt). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  63. ^ "Jabal Hamzah". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  64. ^ "Egypt - Missile". NTI. James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  65. ^ a b "Project T". MissileThreat. 18 February 1999. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  66. ^ "Scud B/C/D variants". MissileThreat. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  67. ^ a b c "Worldwide Ballistic Missile Inventories | Arms Control Association". Armscontrol.org. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  68. ^ a b c d e f "SAKR Series 122 and 325 mm Multiple Launch Rocket Systems". Docstoc.com. 5 November 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  69. ^ "325 mm SAKR-80 Medium Artillery Rocket System (Egypt)". Jane's Information Group. 14 December 1994. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  70. ^ "BMY SPH 122 mm Self-propelled Howitzer (Egypt)". Jane's Information Group. 15 October 1992. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  71. ^ "SPH 122 mm" (in Arabic). Ministry of Military Production (Egypt). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
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  76. ^ "M-46" (in Arabic). Ministry of Military Production (Egypt). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
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  81. ^ "80 mm Sakr VAP rockets (Egypt)". Jane's Information Group. 9 February 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  82. ^ "107 mm (12-round) RL812/TLC multiple rocket launcher (Egypt)". Jane's Information Group. 16 March 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
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  84. ^ "PRL81" (in Arabic). Ministry of Military Production (Egypt). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  85. ^ "PRL111" (in Arabic). Ministry of Military Production (Egypt). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
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