Wikipedia

Jlrobertson

Joined 22 February 2006


jlrobertson - My full resume is at my web page Jerald Robertson.info. I'm new at this but hope to continue working on Wiki articles as I seem to enjoy it. Any help and advice will be appreciated

"No matter how much fault you find with another, and regardless of how much you blame him, it will not change you" - Wayne Dyer

"The virtue of justice consists in moderation, as regulated by wisdom." – Aristotle

Areas of contribution so far

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bd2412 had this on his talk page. I once built a machine that ran with this kind of drive mechanism


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Epic rework

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Epic of Evolution Beginning
Universe • Big Bang
Age of the Universe
Timeline of the Big Bang
Early Universe
Inflation • Nucleosynthesis
GWB • Neutrino Background
Cosmic microwave background
Expanding Universe
Redshift • Hubble's law
Metric expansion of space
Friedmann equations
FLRW metric
Structure Formation
Shape of the universe
Structure formation
Galaxy formation
Large-scale structure
Galaxy filaments Probe

The Epic of Evolution is described by the Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature as:

the 14 billion year narrative of cosmic, planetary, life, and cultural evolution—told in sacred ways. Not only does it bridge mainstream science and a diversity of religious traditions; if skillfully told, it makes the science story memorable and deeply meaningful, while enriching one's religious faith or secular outlook.[1]

It is a term that since 1996 has become the theme and title of a number of interpretations, books, conferences, research and educational activities. It is the narrative (story) of the universe told by means of science. Biologist Edward O. Wilson described it as a mythic narrative like that of a history of historic events[2].“It’s narrative form is the epic: [3] told in a meaningful and empowering way.[4]

Philosophers and theologians are increasingly using the term [5]. Liberal theologians say the Epic is the tale of the unfolding of creation or that evolution is God imposed,[6][7]. Some religious naturalists find it profoundly spiritual.[8] Progressive theologians have developed a 'theology of evolution' that sees the Darwinian epic as having "depth, beauty and pathos of evolution – exposing us to the raw reality of the sacred and to a resoundingly meaningful universe". It is suggested that traditional creation stories and the Epic are complementary and need each other. Both have characteristics that make them strong and weak stories [9]. Fundamentalists contest this as part of the ongoing Creation-evolution controversy. Conflicts between religious and scientific claims are not new but as old as Galileo and science itself.[10]

This Epic does not have a consensus interpretation as yet due to its newness starting in the mid-twentieth century and gaining headwind since about the mid-1990s. Writers see it as having chapters of various orientation and structure. Some even include future chapters as it is an evolving story still being written. There is now available an abundance of educational aids and reading material as list below.

History

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The Epic of Evolution is a result of the remarkable unification of scientific disciplines during the twentieth century. This has occurred in physics, biology and the social sciences in a consilience making possible a coherent narrative of the emergent properties of matter, life and consciousness. This narrative is a product of imaginative mythmaking under the critical and watchful eye of contemporary science. This results in a relatively wide range of variation in the central story. Enthusiasts have looked to a scientific narrative to proselytizing a new religious orientation that sanctifies Nature with the emergence of Religious naturalism as a new form of ritual and practice that sees the Earth as sacred. [11]

The first use of the term Epic of Evolution is found prior to 1832 in Chambers's Encyclopedia in reference to Goethe’s epic of evolution[12]. It was also used by Patrick Geddes, biologist, before 1932 in his account of the thinkers who contributed to the break through of Darwin [13]. It seems to have been popularized by Harvard University's Edward O. Wilson in 1978 when he coined the term evolutionary epic[14]. Wilson wrote in his book On Human Nature- it is probably the best myth we will ever have. Myth as falsehood was not the usage intended by Wilson in this statement, rather it was myth as a grand narrative that provides a people with a meaningful placement in time [15]. Wilson's prominence, two-time winner of a Pulitzer Prize, prompted its usage as the morphed phrase epic of evolution. In later years he also used the latter term.[16]

Naturalistic and liberal religious writers have picked up on the term and it has been used in a number of texts. These authors however at times have substituted synonyms such as: Universe Story (Brian Swimme, John F. Haught), Great Story (Connie Barlow, Michael Dowd), Everybody’s Story (Loyal Rue), New Story (Thomas Berry, Al Gore), Cosmic Evolution (Eric Chaisson) and epic of creation (Philip Hefner)[17]

Rev. Fr. Thomas Berry

In 1992 cosmologist Brian Swimme and cultural historian and Catholic priest Thomas Berry in their book The Universe Story wrote of a new, science-based cosmology that provided an epic and poetic explanation of the creation of the universe and mankind’s place in it. It was called a new creation myth. They stated that the universe is - [18]

The Epic of Evolution was the theme of a 1996 conference sponsored by the Institute on Religion in an Age of Science. The Epic was addressed as it pertained to the evolution of the cosmos, Earth, chemistry, mind, culture and ethics. Every cultural tradition has a story which attempts to integrate ideas about how things are (cosmology) with ideas about which things matter (morality). These narratives are necessary for human solidarity and cooperation. Such a myth was beginning to form around the Epic of Evolution leading to a global mythology. [19]

The Forum on Religion and Ecology at Yale University sponsored a conference in 1999 titled The Epic of Evolution and World Religions. It subject was how religious creation stories of the major religions react to the Epic of Evolution. The next year another conference focused on Confucian cosmology and it’s relationship to the Epic. [20]. This was followed in 2001 by the Earth’s Epic conference [21] for the Third Annual Thomas Berry Seminar.

In 2001 the Encyclopedia of Christianity [22] states that increasingly philosophers, theologians and scientists speak of the narrative as a whole, sometimes under the term the epic of evolution and epic of creation. Arthur Peacocke, biochemist and Priest, in 2004 said he found the Epic from the Big Bang to Homo sapiens, an illumination of how God is and has been created [23] He noted we have become accustomed in recent years of hearing Epic of Evolution so often that sometimes our ears have become dull to how remarkable it is. [24]

Story and myth

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Evolution generally refers to biological evolution, but here it means a process in which the whole universe is a progression of interrelated phenomena, a gradual process[25] in which something changes into a different and usually more complex form (emergence). It should not be ‘biologized’ as it includes many areas of science[26]. In addition, outside of the scientific community, the term evolution is frequently used differently than scientists do. Even respected dictionaries may present questionable definitions that are not scientific or only address genetic changes. Unfortunately it is common for the general public to enter into a discussion about evolution with a wrong definition in mind. This often leads to misunderstanding since scientists are viewing evolution from a different perspective[27]. The same applies to the use of the term theory as used in the theory of evolution (see references for Evolution as theory and fact).

This epic is not a long narrative poem but a series of events that form the proper subject for a laudable kind of tale. It is mythic in that it is a story of ostensibly historical events that serves to unfold part of the worldview of a people and explains a natural phenomenon. [28] It is a form of myth that has an approach to investigation that is empirical or scientific.[29], [30] According to Joseph Campbell myths serve two purposes – provide meaning for a maturing individual (an individuate) and how to be part of a community. This Epic does both [31]

The Epic of Evolution is a systematic story that helps make sense of humanity’s place and purpose in the process that is the Universe. It marries objective scientific facts with the meanings provided by philosophy and the spirituality of religious belief. It is a vast topic and much has been written and debated about it. It offers two different but combined perspectives of the same reality. It tells the tale of the Cosmos in a methodical way but with a religious acceptance of it while addressing complexity, directionality, purpose, human psychology and survival of the most cooperative and compassionate beings. This epic tale helps some people to deepen their faith and to understand and appreciate other religions and philosophies. They may move from believing in God, to knowing God. [32]

William Grassie of Temple University writes that the word "myth" in common usage is usually misunderstood. In academia it defines "a story that serves to define the fundamental world view of a culture by explaining aspects of the natural world and delineating the psychological and social practices and ideals of a society." He suggests that the Greek term "mythos" would be a better term to apply to the Epic as it is more all-encompassing. He concluded that there is not yet an interpretive tradition within science and society about this Epic of Evolution. If anything, there is an anti-interpretation tradition. Consequently, this is dangerous as it is a powerful revelation at this time.[33] Grassie says the Epic is complex and multifaceted, not simple nor easy to understand. It takes a romantic vision, philosophical rigor, and artistic interpretations. It requires a consilience of modern disciplines and acceptance of social diversity. The ancient wisdoms of the world’s spiritual traditions must be adapted to make the framework to weave the Epic.[34]

Interpretations of the Epic

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Edward O. Wilson explained that humans had a need for the Epic of Evolution because they must have a mythical story or a sublime account of how the world was created and how humanity became part of it. Religious epics fulfill a primal need in this respect as they verify that humans are part of something greater than themselves. The best empirical knowledge that science and history can provide is necessary in order to provide a comparable epic tale that will reliably unite a separated human spirituality[35]. He believes the evolutionary epic can be as inherently noble as any religious epic when it is expressed in a poetic way[36]. In a similar vein, biologist Ursula Goodenough sees the tale of natural emergence as far more magical than traditional religious miracles. It is a story that people can work with in a religious way if they elect to do so.[37]

Philip Hefner

Philip Hefner, former editor for Zygon: Journal of Religion & Science, a premier scholarly journal on science and religion [38] uses the analogy of weaving to describe the Epic. The warp anchors the story and the weft creates the pattern and the tapestry. The Epic, as scientists see it, is the warp and the weft forms the pattern as each of us views it (we are all weavers) but the patterns all have the warp in common. “We are here to weave the spiritualities that are life-giving for our phase of the Epic of Evolution and for the next generation.” [39]. Audrey R. Chapman says of him – Philip Hefner is perhaps the theologian who has grappled the most seriously and explicitly with the evolution of human nature. His approach to this topic, particularly in his work ‘The Human Factor’ is to sacralize the process of evolution.[40]

Hefner writes that stories about the evolutionary epic are redolent with ultimacy. It is not science; it is scientifically informed myth, a myth driven by the refusal to give up on the insistence that the natural world and our lives in the world have meaning and purpose. It is a mythical tale of irony and hope that fills a large space in the domaine of religion-and-science[41]. The evolutionary epic is not science; it is scientifically informed myth. We must be clear about this (...)When Wilson wrote that “the true evolutionary epic, retold as poetry, is as intrinsically ennobling as any religious epic,” he also understood and proposed that the epic be incorporated into mythic religious formulation (1978, 206–7). [42]

Goodenough

Ursula Goodenough, biologist and Fellow of the American Arts and Science, makes frequent use of the term and uses it to extrapolate from the concept of evolution to a guiding belief for mankind. She writes in Sacred Depths (Emerging Religious Beliefs) "When the responses elicited by the Epic of Evolution are gathered together several religious principles emerge that I can believe, serve as a framework for a global Ethos". She makes use of Hefner’s weaving metaphor to title the Epic of Evolution the warp on which the welt, pattern, color and art of humanity is woven. It is the story that anchors human nature and purpose to the planetary picture. Religious naturalism is a response to this tale that provides a deep and abiding spiritual awareness and ecomorality[43].

Michael Dowd

Michael Dowd, evolutionary evangelist and Pentecostal minister uses the term to help construct his viewpoint of evolution theology (theistic evolution). His position is that science and religious faith are not mutually exclusive (a form of Religious Naturalism).[44] Dowd is the author of Thank God for Evolution: How the Marriage of Science and Religion Will Transform Your Life and Our World.[45]. He preaches that the epic of cosmic, biological, and human evolution, revealed by science, is a basis for an inspiring and meaningful story of our place in the universe. Evolution is viewed as a spiritual process that it is not meaningless blind chance.[46]

Dowd’s stance is similar to that of the position of the Catholic Church. A Vatican official has reaffirmed that evolution is not incompatible with faith [47]. Reuters on Sept 16, 2008 reported that the Church considered the theory of evolution compatible with the Bible and saw no reason why God may not have used such a natural process in creating mankind. The Catholic Church teaches ‘theistic evolution’ which accepts evolution as a valid scientific theory. [48]

Loyal Rue

Loyal Rue, recipient of two John Templeton Foundation fellowships, describes the Epic as “the biggest of all pictures”, “the ultimate account of how things are”, “the sprawling narrative of evolutionary events”, “the essential foundation for discussions about which things matter”, “the unfolding drama” and "humbles us before the magnitude and complexity of creation”. In his Epilogue to Everybody's Story, he explains that there is nothing in the core of everybody's story to rule out belief in a personal deity. However belief in God is not an indispensable part of this narrative and here will be both theistic and non-theistic versions of it[49]. Rue has a whole section on the Epic in his 2006 book Religion is not About God. He says it is the fundamental story of matter, created from energy, the organization of that matter into complex conditions, and then via self-organization into diverse life forms. Humans are as other living things - we are by nature star-born, earth-formed, fitness- maximinized, biochemical systems. An aspect of the Epic is the evolution of behavior by that biochemical system.[50]

Brian Swimme, mathematical cosmologist and author of several books dealing with cosmology, evolution and religion, sees the Epic as a way to gently maneuver a person into the magnificence of the Universe. It is an antidote to the unhealthy consciousness of consumerism. It is the way into the future and enabled him to comprehend the cultural significance of this new story of science moving away from a materialistic worldview. It may move science away from its traditional abstractness to the uniqueness found in natural history. To him evolution and creativity are equivalent so it could be the Epic of Creativity (similar to Gordon Kaufman’s thinking). Although the Epic is scientific, it is ‘definitely mythic’ – it has the fundamental nature of being mythic.“You take hydrogen gas, and you leave it alone, and it turns into rosebuds, giraffes and humans. [51]. He says a new story is needed [52]

He concludes in a 1997 interview Science as Wisdom: The New Story as a Way Forward [53]

Gordon Kaufman

Gordon D. Kaufman, Professor of Divinity (Emeritus) at Harvard University and a past president of the American Academy of Religion, in a more theistic manner, sees the Epic as a creative process referring to it as a relative new common creation story. He states that it is an idea that explains the complexification of the Universe and life on earth with its human history. It is a process of what he calls serendipitous creativity, a flowing or coming into being of new modes of reality. [54]

In his book, In the beginning—creativity, he says this creative process is God. Creativity, as metaphor, and as defined in the concept of evolution, has possibilities for constructing a new concept of God. The most foundational kind of creativity is found in that of cosmos/biological evolution – a paradigm that is now the organizing principle of all the sciences [55]. It would seem as though he was equating God to the evolutionary story. This is similar to Dowd who sees the facts of Nature as God's native tongue. [56]

Other interpretations include

  • Miriam MacGillis’s, ‘’The Cosmic Walk’’, is a ritual created as a way of allowing emotional acceptance of the intellectual knowledge of the 14 billion year process of the evolution of the universe.[57]. There are now numerous versions of it that include instruction aids like the Timeline of Life and Great Story Beads.[58], [59]
  • Taylor's Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature gives four primary categories: cosmic, planetary, life, cultural[60][page needed]
  • Professor David Christian, San Diego State University, organizes the epic of creation into eight thresholds. Each threshold marks a time when something truly new appeared and forms never before seen began to arise. The story Christian relates has only been possible since the mid-1900 due to improved dating techniques. As he explains, this epic will continue to grow and change as scientists and historians accumulate new knowledge. [61]
  • John F. Haught, eminent theologian, writes that, by accepting the Epic of Evolution, theology can renew itself. The epic has been proposed as a framework for human orientation in life [62].
  • Theoretical physicist Marcelo Gleiser states that the science of evolution has muscled into religion’s once exclusive territory of creation. The Epic attempts to address the three questions of origins - cosmos, life, and mind, but cannot as yet do that leaving the door open to older speculations such as creation myths from a supernatural viewpoint. To do this science needs a ‘theory of theories’ which appears to still be far away. [63]
  • It needs to be coupled to an evolutionary cosmology and the Ethic of Ecology and challenge the Naturalistic Fallacy. It is also deeply satisfying as a resource for self-understanding. Knowing one's place in life is to know an immense spiritual value. The Epic can lead to a marriage of truth and goodness. [64]
  • In that God speaks to humans by two methods (Scripture and nature), and since there is but one author of these two methods, there is in principle no conflict between what humans learn from solid science and a study of the Bible. [65]
  • Well-informed Catholics see no conflict between their beliefs and the story of biological evolution. Evolution of organisms is beyond reasonable doubt. A scientific view of the world is incomplete and has nothing definitive to say about realities beyond its scope. Questions of value, purpose, and meaning belong in the realm of philosophical reflection and religious experience [66]
  • A Religious Naturalist perspective – humans need grand compelling stories to orient themselves and the Epic is such a story. It permits a planetary consensus and a deep spiritual experience. [67]

Not all of the Epic’s advocates are distinguished scientists. Some are Christians who consider it a ‘narrative of mythic proportions’ that contain religious aspects. They see it as a multifaceted concept that that has been in Christian theology implicitly for hundreds of years and is congenial to perspectives that include ultimacy, transcendence, purpose and morality. However, there are both humanists and creationists that dispute this contending that this is a materialistic story of the world.[68]

Eric Chaisson, an astrophysicist best known for his research on cosmic evolution , sees a directionality to the Epic. He writes – From galaxies to snowflakes, from stars to planets to life itself, we are beginning to identify an underlying pattern penetrating the fabric of all the natural sciences- a sweeping encompassing view along the ‘arrow of time’[69], [70]. Author Robert Wright in Nonzero: The Logic of Human Destiny also agrees that the biological epic and human history have a direction, destiny or purpose. He uses game theory (zero-sum and non-zero sum games) to prove his point. [71]. These views point to ongoing and future chapters to the Epic of Evolution.

Evolution of life on Earth is a fact substantiated by thousands of scientists. There is plenty of confirming evidence in the geological and biological records. The word theory does not belong in front of the word evolution... Today, evolution of life on Earth stands as a fact... The observation that evolution has occurred is now as clear and undeniable as the Earth circling the sun, or that matter is made of atoms, or that the Earth’s continents move.[72]. The proper term should be continuing ‘Epic’ rather than finalized ‘theory’. It is not a final tale but an on going saga. The scenario of cosmic evolution is a human invention. It’s a long and spectacular story, an evolutionary epic that includes the storyteller. Despite its 7 major epochs, this grand narrative was not handed to us on a stone tablet atop some mountain. The scientific community has gradually deciphered the story, is now telling it forthrightly, and continues to refine it as we learn more [73].

Chapters of the Epic

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Hefner in the March 2009 edition of Zygon says the Epic of Evolution is the natural history story of the universe that zooms from a cosmic macro-story to the micro-story life on the Earth[74]. It is a process over billions of years in which entities change into different and usually more complex forms. The Epic is not a narrative poem but a series of happenings that form the proper subject for a kind of heroic story. It is a story with chapters that may cover decades, thousands, millions or billions of years. It can run from a few chapters to a great many depending on how one wishes to sub-divide it. Due to the time frames involved, a Logarithmic timeline has some advantages over straight line ones. Writers have laid out these chapters in various ways -

  • Cosmic Walk - The last chapter of 27 ends 30 years ago as Earth is viewed by mankind from space signifying that the Earth’s eco-system have become complex enough to witness her own essential being.[75]. The Cosmic Walk originated with Sr. Miriam MacGillis and modified by many around the world. [76]
  • Great Story Timeline - 250 science-based divisions ending in 2002 with the ministry to teach the Epic [77]
  • Seven Ages of the Cosmos - categorization elaborated on by astrophysicist Eric Chaisson ending with the Cultural Epoch [78]
  • 6 + 1 Chapters of the Epic - is there a +1 chapter? [79]
  • Four primary categories: cosmic, planetary, life, cultural[80]
  • The Great Story (Barlow version) divides the Epic into 8 eons or eras: the Great Radiance, the Galactic, Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic.[81]. Professor David Christian, San Diego State University, organizes the epic of creation into eight thresholds. Each threshold marks a time when something truly new appeared and forms never before seen began to arise. The story Christian relates has only been possible since the mid-1900 due to improved dating techniques. As he explains, this epic will continue to grow and change as scientists and historians accumulate new knowledge. [82].


Cosmic Evolution, an award winning website, comprises the essence of a course taught at Harvard University for the past 30 years is based on the Universe: An Evolutionary Approach to Astronomy by Eric Chaisson says - [41]

Future chapters

Future Chapter – Interstellar probes making contact in deep Space

The Epic, after all, is a dynamic story not a static once-and-for-all narrative myth (Philip Hefner). Wright Center for Science Education at Tufts University in its Cosmic Evolution story (Epoch 8 – Future Evolution, Prospects for Human Survival and Alien Life) attempts to spell out what the future chapters may be (The future is a tricky subject. To comment on it is to run the risk of saying nothing concrete. The future is especially troublesome to foresee when life is involved [...] Claiming knowledge of the pathways along which cosmic evolution will proceed henceforth is akin to dabbling in science fiction. Nonetheless, it’s possible to examine certain boundary conditions that will likely influence, many of them adversely so, the future of life on Earth) [84].

Author Donald A. Crosby goes a bit further with this thinking and says that the known vastness and complexity of the universe will work on numerous other planets to write future chapters of life and ongoing creativity[85]. Some of these proposed evolving chapters are summarized as: near-term global problems (Overpopulation,Self-destruction); distant global problems (genetic degeneration, Artificial intelligence; Future's ultimate dilemma (Extinction, Stagnation, Sacrifice); extraterrestrial life; Alternate biochemistries (Silicon-based life, Non-water liquids; prospects for life in the Galaxy - An Exercise in Probability, ways to make contact (Interstellar spaceflight, Interstellar probes, radio communication. [86]

Chaisson speaks of the future as uncertain, but possibly involving further human evolution and the exploration of space (before the Earth becomes uninhabitable in approximately 1 billion years).[87]

John Stewart states that life on Earth is entering a new, intentionally driven, phase, requiring a new worldview to understand it. He summarizes the future arrow of evolution into four main areas:intentional evolution, advancing evolution by organizing a cooperative global society, advancing evolution by enhancing evolvability and the unique capacity of the evolutionary worldview to provide direction and purpose for humanity . He states:[88]

Creation-evolution controversy

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Evolution Controversy
Research and History

Creation/Evolution Controversy
Evolutionary history of life
Evolutionary Biology
Cosmic Evolution
History - Social Effects
Modern synthesis
Evidence - Theory and fact
Objections - Controversy
scientific consensus
Religious Fundamentalists
Creationists
Theistic Evolution
Science/Religion Relationship
Support for the Epic
Controversy Participants

In that the Epic of Evolution is the full comprehensive story of evolution, it is subject to the same if not more debates than have characterized the creation-evolution controversy.[89] There is an ongoing dispute about the origins of the Universe, life and humanity between the proponents of evolution, backed by scientific consensus,[90] and those who propose literal interpretations of ancient texts by religious fundamentalists.[failed verification] This clash goes beyond the field of evolutionary biology and includes many fields of science (cosmology, geology, paleontology, thermodynamics, physics and sociobiology).[91]

Although in the scientific community there is essentially universal agreement that the evidence of evolution is overwhelming, and the consensus supporting the modern evolutionary synthesis is nearly absolute,[92][93] creationists have asserted that there is a significant scientific controversy and disagreement over the validity of the evolution epic.[94][95][96]

The debate is sometimes portrayed as being between science and religion. However, as the National Academy of Sciences states:

Dr.John Haught, Roman Catholic theologian, in his Science and Religion: from Conflict to Conversation suggests a theistic acceptance of the Epic. He says contemporary theology is being changed by evolutionary science. There are many versions undergoing constant revision. He considers evolution to be, at least provisionally, a most appropriate and fruitful scientific framework within which to think about God today and deplores that contemporary theology gets hung up in the creationism controversy.[98] There are liberal congregations these days that may see the Epic of Evolution as a history about life and the Universe that is both scientific and sacred. The profoundly sacred elements of the story warm up the cold technical facts with awe and reverence, giving Nature an inspiring beauty.[99]

Eric Chaisson in his book, Epic of Evolution, concludes that the coherent story of cosmic evolution – a powerful and noble effort – may perhaps be the way to ethical evolution in the new millennium [100]. Edward O. Wilson in Rue’s Everybody's story: wising up to the Epic of Evolution says religious epics divide humanity but if one is composed of the best empirical knowledge that science can provide, then it can unite human spirituality because it is based on verifiable truths. [101]. Since Darwin presented what philosopher Daniel Dennett termed 'Darwin's Dangerous Idea', religion has mostly opposed or ignored the scientific narrative, but now some theology is fully engaging it.[102]

Research efforts

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A group of scientists, theologians, and artists whose purpose was to explore the meaning and implications of the Epic of Evolution formed the Epic of Evolution Society in 1997. It was led by Brain Swimme DeBoer,[103] founding board member and editor of EarthLight: The Magazine of Spiritual Ecology, in 1998 founded an international group.[104]. An Epic of Evolution Journal was published from 1998 till 2000 with articles by noted authors Brian Swimme, Thomas Berry, Ursula Goodenough, Jennifer Morgan, and Connie Barlow.[105]

In 1997 the American Association for the Advancement of Science organized a conference on the Epic of Evolution as part of their program on Dialogue on Science, Ethics, and Religion.[106] In July 1999, The Forum on Religion and Ecology with special support from the Center for Respect of Life and Environment sponsored a conference titled The Epic of Evolution and World Religions. It consisted of a small invitational gathering of scholars of the world’s religious traditions as well as a number of scientists and educators. It explored how the creation stories of the world’s religions intersect with or react to the epic of evolution.[107] An Evolutionary Epic conference was held in Hawaii in January 2008. It was attended by scientists, artists, educators, and spiritual and religious leaders. The objective was to weave together many otherwise disparate areas of study into one coherent Epic of Evolution tale (a consilience)[108]. It was also the theme of a developmental conference in 1996 by the Institute on Religion in an Age of Science. [109]

Educational efforts

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There are many books, journals, and videos on the evolution epic that have been published in recent years [110]. Washington University in St. Louis offers a course on the Epic of Evolution.[111] The Epic has also been taught at Northern Arizona University.[112] The course engaged the task of formulating a new epic myth that is based on the physical, natural, social, and cultural sciences for which there are as yet few textbooks. The course was presented in three segments: the cosmos before humans appeared, the human phenomenon, and scenarios for the future of evolution. Dr. Eric J. Chaisson, Professor of Physics, Tufts University teaches a course at Harvard University on the Epic of Evolution.[113] California Institute of Integral Studies also offers a graduate course on the Epic.[114]

Dr. Sidney Liebes, physicist and creator of the world-renowned exhibition, A Wall Through Time... From Stardust to Us, has a series of educational videos on The Epic of Evolution. It takes the viewer on a tour of mankind’s incredible evolutionary journey, which he believes provides the basis for a new global ethic that guarantees the earth's biodiversity.[115]

Educational organizations and individuals have devised a variety of novel ways to teach the Epic of Evolution such as: The Council of All Beings[116] The Cosmic Walk[117] [118] [119], Great Story Beads,[120] 'We Are Made of Stardust[121] works of art,[122] and poems (Lament of the Blue-Green Algea - Neal McBurnett), parables (The Buddha Bowl - Paula Hirschboeck, Earth’s Eyes - Leslie Pilder) and evolution songs (I Love to Tell the Story, Praise Birth and Death Amid the Stars, The River of Life Song).[123]

Evolution Sunday, a Christian church event (1,044 Congregations observed it in 2009)[124] arose from the Clergy Letter Project signed in 2004 by 10,500 American clergy. It is spreading internationally and across other faiths. It supports the story of evolution in a manner similar to the Epic (science and religion compatibility) promoting serious discussion and reflection on the relationship between religion and science.[125] "For far too long, strident voices, in the name of Christianity, have been claiming that people must choose between religion and modern science," says Michael Zimmerman, founder of Evolution Sunday and dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at Butler University in Indianapolis. "We're saying you can have your faith, and you can also have science."[126]
Connie Barlow

‎ Michael Dowd and his wife Connie Barlow have traveled the USA since 2002 by van as nomads teaching his Gospel of Evolution[127] and the Epic of Evolution (Great Story) to both secular and religious audiences.[128]. Dowd’s book, Thank God for Evolution, and his neo-theistic religious naturalism teachings have been featured in media ranging from The New York Times Magazine and The Washington Post to the National Catholic Reporter, NPR, the BBC and numerous other radio programs.[129][130] He has presented his case for the marriage of religion and science at over a thousand events sponsored by a diverse group of denominations, including Christian, Unitarian Universalist, Unity Church, Religious Science, secular humanism and Religious Naturalists venues. [131] Dowd teaches that the Epic of Evolution is "a shared sacred story that honors both objective truth and subjective meaning"[132] Barlow has put together a teaching aid for primary school children.[133]

Voyages Through Time on CD-ROM is a year-long curriculum for ninth or tenth graders. It is divided into six modules: Cosmic Evolution, Planetary Evolution, Origin of Life, Evolution of Life, Hominid Evolution, and Evolution of Technology [134]. Other teaching aids are also available at Resources for Teaching Epic of Evolution.

Further reading

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  • 2009 - Michael Ruse & Joseph Travis - Evolution: The First Four Billion Years, Belknap Press, 2009, ISBN 067403175X
  • 2008 - Michael Dowd - Thank God for Evolution:, Viking (June 2008), ISBN 0670020451
  • 2008 - Kenneth R. Miller - Only a Theory: Evolution and the Battle for America’s Soul, Viking Adult, 2008, ISBN 067001883X
  • 2008 - Eugenie C. Scott - Evolution vs. Creationism: An Introduction, Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0313344275
  • 2007 - Eric Chaisson - Epic of Evolution, Columbia University Press (March 2, 2007), ISBN 0231135610
  • 2006 - John Haught – Is Nature Enough?, Cambridge University Press (May 31, 2006), ISBN 0521609933
  • 2004 - Gordon Kaufman - In the Beginning....Creativity, Augsburg Fortress Pub., 2004, ISBN 0800660935
  • 2003 - James B. Miller - The Epic of Evolution: Science and Religion in Dialogue, Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2003, ISBN 013093318X
  • 2000 - Ursula Goodenough - Sacred Depths of Nature, Oxford University Press, USA; 1 edition (June 15, 2000), ISBN 0195136292
  • 2000 - John Stewart - Evolution's Arrow: The Direction of Evolution and the Future of Humanity, Chapman Press, 2000, ISBN 0646394975
  • 1999 - Loyal Rue - Everybody's Story: Wising Up to the Epic of Evolution, SUNY Press, 1999, ISBN 0791443922

Reading lists – Evolution Reading Resources, Books of the Epic of Evolution, Cosmic Evolution

See also

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References

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  1. ^ The Epic of Evolution, 2004 Brom Taylor's Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature
  2. ^ Edward O. Wilson, On Human Nature, Harvard University Press, 1988, ISBN 067463442X
  3. ^ Michael Ruse - Darwinism and Its Discontents, Cambridge University Press, 2006, page 203, ISBN 052182947X
  4. ^ [http://zygonjournal.org/editorial_latest.html Zygon, March 2009 Editorial – The Evolutionary Epic[ retrieved 2/22/2010
  5. ^ Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley - The Encyclopedia of Christianity, E-I, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2001, page 229, ISBN 9004116958
  6. ^ Sarah McFarland Taylor - Green Sisters: A Spiritual Ecology, Harvard University Press, 2007, page 266, ISBN 0674024400
  7. ^ Eugenie Carol Scott, Niles Eldredge - Evolution Vs. Creationism: An Introduction, University of California Press, 2005, page 235, ISBN 0520246500 - [1]
  8. ^ "profoundly spiritual (...)is the essence of the Epic of Evolution" - Brian Swimme interview [2]
  9. ^ [ http://www.iras.org/Site/Past%20Conferences_files/Conference%20Book%201996.pdf IRAS Conference on the Epic of Evolution in 1996 – Hefner lecture]retrieved 2/19/2010
  10. ^ Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature - Science and religious environmental ethics, page 604
  11. ^ [www.clas.ufl.edu/users/bron/.../Rue--Epic%20of%20Evolution.pdf University of Florida - Epic of Evolution] retrieved 2/23/2010
  12. ^ Chambers's Encyclopedia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge, W. & R. Chambers, 1892, Item notes: vol.4, page 481, Original from Princeton University - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749 – 1832)
  13. ^ Philip Boardman - The Worlds of Patrick Geddes: Biologist, Town Planner, Re-educator, Peace-warrior, Routledge, 1978, page 68, ISBN 0710085486
  14. ^ Teilhard Perspective, Volume 30 #2 Fall 1997
  15. ^ Connie Barlow - The Epic of Evolution: Religious and cultural interpretations of modern scientific cosmologyScience & Spirit Magazine
  16. ^ Novacek, Michael J. (2001). "Lifetime achievement: E.O. Wilson". CNN.com. Retrieved 2006-11-08. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  17. ^ *Edward O. Wilson - On Human Nature, Harvard University Press,1979, ISBN 0-674-01638-6
  18. ^ Michael Colebrook – The New Universe Story, Association for Creation Spirituality, 2003), ISBN 0953255123
  19. ^ [ http://www.iras.org/Site/Past%20Conferences_files/Conference%20Book%201996.pdf IRAS 1996 conference, Rue lecture]retrieved 2/21/2010
  20. ^ The Epic of Evolution and World Religions: An Exploration of Confucian Cosmologyretrieved 2/21/2010
  21. ^ Earth’s Epicretrieved 2/21/2010
  22. ^ Encyclopedia of Christianity' - Erwin Fahlbusch and others - Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2001, ISBN 9004116958
  23. ^ How can you reconcile the conflict between evolution and religion?retrieved 2/22/2010
  24. ^ Arthur Peacoke - Evolution: the disguised friend of faith?, Templeton Foundation Press, 2004, page 77, ISBN 1-59947-033-0
  25. ^ J. C. Polkinghorne, The Work of Love: Creation as Kenosis, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2001, (Peacocke chapter) page 21, ISBN 0802848850 [3]
  26. ^ Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley - The Encyclopedia of Christianity, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2001, page 229, ISBN 9004116958
  27. ^ Laurence Moran – What is Evolution, 1993 [4]retrieved 4-07-09
  28. ^ Merriam-Webster
  29. ^ Epic of Evolution is definitely mythic – Brian Swimme interview
  30. ^ Epic of Evolution is definitely mythic – Brian Swimme interview
  31. ^ Duncan Campbell in one of his interview
  32. ^ Celebrating the Epic of Evolutionretrieved 4/15/09
  33. ^ Can the modern evolutionary cosmology be a mythic story for our time?[5]- retrieved 3-22-09
  34. ^ William Grassie, Science and Spirit 1998, 9(1) - page 6 of this ref- Science and Spiritretrieved 3-16-09
  35. ^ Edward O. Wilson, Foreword of Everybody's Story: Wising Up to the Epic of Evolution By Loyal D. Rue, SUNY Press, 1999, page ix and x,ISBN 0791443922,
  36. ^ Edward O. Wilson, Consilience 1998 Edward O. Wilson, Consilience 1998
  37. ^ Ursula Goodenough - Sacred Depths of Nature, Oxford University Press, USA; 1 edition (June 15, 2000), ISBN-10: 0195136292
  38. ^ [http://en.allexperts.com/e/z/zy/zygon:_journal_of_religion_and_science.htm Zygon: Journal of Religion & Science[retrieved 2/21/2010
  39. ^ Classic Quotations - Philip Hefner, 1997 AAAS Epic of Evolution Conference [6]
  40. ^ Audrey R. Chapman - Unprecedented Choices: Religious Ethics at the Frontiers of Genetic Science, Fortress Press, 1999, ISBN 0800631811
  41. ^ Hefner - The Evolutionary Epic – Zygon, vol.44 #1, March 2009, page 5,6
  42. ^ Zygon Editorial [7]retrieved 3-13-09
  43. ^ Ursula Goodenough - The Sacred Depths of Nature, Oxford University Press US, 1998, page 272, ISBN 0195126130
  44. ^ Evolution Theology: Religion 2.0
  45. ^ Michael Dowd - Thank God for Evolution: How the Marriage of Science and Religion Will Transform Your Life and Our World - Viking Adult (June 19, 2008), ISBN 0670020451
  46. ^ Thank God for Evolution
  47. ^ Herald Tribune - Europe, 2008/09/16[8]retrieved 3-16-09
  48. ^ VATICAN CITY (Reuters)[9] retrieved 3-16-09
  49. ^ Loyal Rue - Everybody's Story: Wising Up to the Epic of Evolution, SUNY Press, 1999, ISBN 0791443922
  50. ^ Loyal Rue - Religion is not About God, Rutgers University Press, 2006, Part 1.1, ISBN-10: 0813539552
  51. ^ Center for the Story of the Universe
  52. ^ The New Story by Brian Swimmeretrieved 2/17/2010
  53. ^ Brian Swimme interview - Science as Wisdom: The New Story as a Way Forward [10]
  54. ^ Gordon D. Kaufman - God, mystery, diversity: Christian theology in a pluralistic world, Fortress Press, 1996, page 101-2, ISBN 0800629590 [11] retrieved 3-17-09
  55. ^ Gordon D. Kaufman - In the beginning—creativity, Fortress Press, 2004, page x,33,57,137, ISBN 0800660935 [12]retrieved 3-17-09]
  56. ^ evolutionary evangelist retrieved 2009-02-01
  57. ^ Cosmic Walk 2
  58. ^ The Timeline of Light [13]
  59. ^ Great Story Beads [14]
  60. ^ "The Epic of Evolution" in the 2004 Taylor's Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature:[15]
  61. ^ Big History: The Big Bang, Life on Earth, and the Rise of Humanity, Course No. 8050 [16]retrieved 4-11-09
  62. ^ IRAS Conference on the Epic of Evolution in 1996 – Kaufman lectureretrieved 2/19/2010
  63. ^ Marcelo Gleiser - Science And The Question Of Origins I: Creation And The Big Bang retrieved 2/21/2010
  64. ^ Going Deeper: Spiritual Dimensions of the Epic of Evolution - Earthlight Magazine, Issue #26, Summer 1997, pp 12-13
  65. ^ Mark Noll - professor of Christian thought in the History Department at Wheaton College, Illinois [17]
  66. ^ [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/religion/faith/statement_01.html Francisco J. Ayala - professor of biological sciences and of philosophy at the University of California, Irvine
  67. ^ Rev. Lois E. Van Leer, Unitarian Universalist Fellowship of Bozeman [18] retrieved 2/22/2010
  68. ^ Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley - The Encyclopedia of Christianity, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2001, page 235, ISBN 9004116958
  69. ^ Eric Chaisson - Epic of Evolution: Seven Ages of the Cosmos, Columbia University Press, 2006 page xii, ISBN 0231135602
  70. ^ Arrow of Time
  71. ^ Robert Wright – Nonzero: The Logic of Human Destiny, Vintage Press, 2001, pages 7, 334, ISBN-0-679-75894-1
  72. ^ [ http://chem.tufts.edu/AnswersInScience/evolution-fact.html Why Evolution is a Fact]retrieved 2/17/2010]
  73. ^ Tufts University - A Continuing Story [19]retrieved 3-09-09
  74. ^ Hefner - The Evolutionary Epic – Zygon, vol.44 #1, March 2009, page 3
  75. ^ Cosmic Walk [20]
  76. ^ Cosmic Walk 2 [21]
  77. ^ Great Story Timeline [22]
  78. ^ Epic of Evolution: Seven Ages of the Cosmos,2006
  79. ^ 6 + 1 Chapters [23]
  80. ^ "The Epic of Evolution" in the 2004 Taylor's Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature:[24]
  81. ^ Great Story Timeline
  82. ^ Big History: The Big Bang, Life on Earth, and the Rise of Humanity, Course No. 8050 [25]retrieved 4-11-09
  83. ^ Tufts University - Cosmic Evolution - Wright Center for Science Education [26] retrieved 3-10-09
  84. ^ Future Chapters [27]retrieved 3-09-09
  85. ^ Donald A. Crosby - A religion of nature, SUNY Press, 2002, page 162, ISBN 0791454541 [28]
  86. ^ For Further Readingretrieved 3-09-09
  87. ^ Cosmic Evolution - Future
  88. ^ INTENTIONAL EVOLUTION retrieved3-16-09
  89. ^ See Hovind 2006, for example.
  90. ^ Martz & McDaniel 1987, p. 23, Newsweek article which states "By one count there are some 700 scientists (out of a total of 480,000 U.S. earth and life scientists) who give credence to creation-science
  91. ^ An Index to Creationist Claims , Mark Isaak, Talkorigins Archive,Copyright © 2006.
  92. ^ Delgado, Cynthia (2006-07-28). "Finding evolution in medicine" (hmtl). NIH Record. 58 (15). Retrieved 2007-10-22.
  93. ^ Ruling, Kitzmiller v. Dover page 83
  94. ^ Morris, Henry (n.d.). "The ICR Scientists". Institute for Creation Research. Retrieved 2007-10-23.
  95. ^ Denton, Michael (1986). Evolution: a theory in crisis. Bethesda, Md: Adler & Adler. ISBN 0917561058.
  96. ^ Schafersman, Steven (2003-09-05). "Texas Citizens for Science Responds to Latest Discovery Institute Challenge" (html). Discovery Institute. Retrieved 2007-10-23.
  97. ^ Committee on Revising Science and Creationism, A View from the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences and Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (2008). Science, Evolution, and Creationism. National Academy of Sciences. p. 12. ISBN 0-309-10586-2. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  98. ^ John F. Haught - Science and Religion: from conflict to conversation, Paulist Press, 1995, page 69, ISBN 0809136066 [29]
  99. ^ The Epic of Evolution - A sermon by Douglas Taylor [30]retrieved 3-15-09
  100. ^ Eric Chaisson - Epic of Evolution: Seven Ages of the Cosmos, Columbia University Press, 2006, page 442, ISBN 0231135602 [31]retrieved 3-23-09
  101. ^ Loyal Rue - Everybody's Story: Wising Up to the Epic of Evolution, SUNY Press, 1999, Foreword, ISBN 0791443922
  102. ^ John F. Haught - God After Darwin: A Theology of Evolution, Edition: 2, revised, Westview Press, 2008, pages ix,2,47, ISBN 0813343704 [32]
  103. ^ Epic of Evolution Society
  104. ^ International Epic of Evolution Society Epic of Evolution Societyretrieved 3-27-09
  105. ^ Epic of Evolution Journal
  106. ^ American Association for the Advancement of Science - Epic of Evolution conference program
  107. ^ The Forum on Religion and Ecology Epic of Evolution and World Religionsretrieved 3-27-09/
  108. ^ Evolutionary Epic Conference evolutionaryepic.org
  109. ^ [ http://www.iras.org/Site/Past%20Conferences_files/Conference%20Book%201996.pdf IRAS 1996 conference, Rue lecture]retrieved 2/21/2010
  110. ^ Books, Journals and Videos on the Epic of Evolution
  111. ^ 210A: Epic of Evolution
  112. ^ Northern Arizona University
  113. ^ Astro E-8 COSMIC EVOLUTION: The Origins of Matter and Liferetrieved 3-09-09
  114. ^ California Institute of Integral Studies - MULTIDISCIPLINARY GRADUATE PROGRAM[33]retrieved 3-27-09
  115. ^ Global Mind Shift – Dr. Sidnet Liebes - The Epic of Evolution: Our Place Among the Stars[34]3-07-09
  116. ^ Council of All Beings , John Seed, Joanna Macy, Pat Fleming and Arne Naess - Thinking Like a Mountain, New Society Publishers, 1988
  117. ^ The Cosmic Walk
  118. ^ Text for the Cosmic Walk
  119. ^ Welcome to Creation’s Story
  120. ^ Great Story Beads
  121. ^ ',Stardust
  122. ^ Catherine Russell - Artwork inspired by the Epic of Evolution
  123. ^ Epic Teaching Aids- Great Story Parablesretrieved 3-27-09
  124. ^ [35]retrieved 2-26-09
  125. ^ Religion and Science Relationship [36] retrieved 2-26-09
  126. ^ Christian faith in the other good book, 2007 [37]retrived 2-26-09
  127. ^ Leslie Palma-Simoncek (2008-08-10). "Author to talk on 'Gospel of Evolution'". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
  128. ^ Michael Dowd, Biography & Resources - Enlighten Next Magazine [38] retrieved 2009-1-29
  129. ^ The Penguin Speakers Bureau[39] retrieved 2009-1-29
  130. ^ Audio Interviews with Michael Dowd [40] retrieved 2009-1-29
  131. ^ Past Speaking Itinerary of Michael Dowd and Connie Barlow
  132. ^ Reasons Why Nothing Matters More Than What We Think About Evolution
  133. ^ We Are Made of Stardust - Sept. 2007, Supplementary Lesson B revised Feb. 2008
  134. ^ Voyages Through Time3-28-09

Further reading

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Reading lists – Evolution Reading Resources, Books of the Epic of Evolution, Cosmic Evolution

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Category:Biological evolution Category:Religion and science Category:Physical cosmology

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