Chemical elements: electron-configuration and term symbol
Element
Group
Electron configuration
electron configuration (P8000)
Term symbol
note
1, 2,
S, P,
1
H
hydrogen
1
1s1
1s¹
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
2
He
helium
18
1s2
1s²
1 S0
S1 S0
3
Li
lithium
1
[He ] 2s1
1s² 2s¹, [He] 2s¹
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
4
Be
beryllium
2
[He ] 2s2
1s² 2s², [He] 2s²
1 S0
S1 S0
5
B
boron
13
[He ] 2s2 2p1
1s² 2s² 2p¹, [He] 2s² 2p¹
2 P1/2
P2 P1/2
6
C
carbon
14
[He ] 2s2 2p2
1s² 2s² 2p², [He] 2s² 2p²
3 P0
P3 P0
7
N
nitrogen
15
[He ] 2s2 2p3
1s² 2s² 2p³, [He] 2s² 2p³
4 S3/2
S4 S3/2
8
O
oxygen
16
[He ] 2s2 2p4
[He] 2s² 2p⁴, 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
3 P2
P3 P2
9
F
fluorine
17
[He ] 2s2 2p5
1s² 2s² 2p⁵, [He] 2s² 2p⁵
2 P3/2
P2 P3/2
10
Ne
neon
18
[He ] 2s2 2p6
1s² 2s² 2p⁶, [He] 2s² 2p⁶
1 S0
S1 S0
11
Na
sodium
1
[Ne ] 3s1
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹, [Ne] 3s¹
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
12
Mg
magnesium
2
[Ne ] 3s2
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s², [Ne] 3s²
1 S0
S1 S0
13
Al
aluminium
13
[Ne ] 3s2 3p1
[Ne] 3s² 3p¹, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
2 P1/2
P2 P1/2
14
Si
silicon
14
[Ne ] 3s2 3p2
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p², [Ne] 3s² 3p²
3 P0
P3 P0
15
P
phosphorus
15
[Ne ] 3s2 3p3
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³, [Ne] 3s² 3p³
4 S3/2
S4 S3/2
16
S
sulfur
16
[Ne ] 3s2 3p4
[Ne] 3s² 3p⁴, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
3 P2
P3 P2
17
Cl
chlorine
17
[Ne ] 3s2 3p5
[Ne] 3s² 3p⁵, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
2 P3/2
P2 P3/2
18
Ar
argon
18
[Ne ] 3s2 3p6
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶, [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶
1 S0
S1 S0
19
K
potassium
1
[Ar ] 4s1
[Ar] 4s¹, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
20
Ca
calcium
2
[Ar ] 4s2
[Ar] 4s², 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
1 S0
S1 S0
21
Sc
scandium
3
[Ar ] 3d1 4s2
[Ar] 3d¹ 4s², 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹ 4s²
2 D3/2
D2 D3/2
22
Ti
titanium
4
[Ar ] 3d2 4s2
[Ar] 3d² 4s²
3 F2
F3 F2
23
V
vanadium
5
[Ar ] 3d3 4s2
[Ar] 3d³ 4s²
4 F3/2
F4 F3/2
24
Cr
chromium
6
[Ar ] 3d5 4s1
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹
7 S3
S7 S3
25
Mn
manganese
7
[Ar ] 3d5 4s2
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
6 S5/2
S6 S5/2
26
Fe
iron
8
[Ar ] 3d6 4s2
[Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²
5 D4
D5 D4
27
Co
cobalt
9
[Ar ] 3d7 4s2
[Ar] 3d⁷ 4s²
4 F9/2
F4 F9/2
28
Ni
nickel
10
[Ar ] 3d8 4s2 or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
3 F4
F3 F4
29
Cu
copper
11
[Ar ] 3d10 4s1
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
30
Zn
zinc
12
[Ar ] 3d10 4s2
1 S0
S1 S0
31
Ga
gallium
13
[Ar ] 3d10 4s2 4p1
2 P1/2
P2 P1/2
32
Ge
germanium
14
[Ar ] 3d10 4s2 4p2
3 P0
P3 P0
33
As
arsenic
15
[Ar ] 3d10 4s2 4p3
4 S3/2
S4 S3/2
34
Se
selenium
16
[Ar ] 3d10 4s2 4p4
3 P2
P3 P2
35
Br
bromine
17
[Ar ] 3d10 4s2 4p5
2 P3/2
P2 P3/2
36
Kr
krypton
18
[Ar ] 3d10 4s2 4p6
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶, [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶
1 S0
S1 S0
37
Rb
rubidium
1
[Kr ] 5s1
[Kr] 5s¹
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
38
Sr
strontium
2
[Kr ] 5s2
[Kr] 5s²
1 S0
S1 S0
39
Y
yttrium
3
[Kr ] 4d1 5s2
[Kr] 4d¹ 5s²
2 D3/2
D2 D3/2
40
Zr
zirconium
4
[Kr ] 4d2 5s2
[Kr] 4d² 5s²
3 F2
F3 F2
41
Nb
niobium
5
[Kr ] 4d4 5s1
[Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹
6 D1/2
D6 D1/2
42
Mo
molybdenum
6
[Kr ] 4d5 5s1
[Kr] 4d⁵ 5s¹
7 S3
S7 S3
43
Tc
technetium
7
[Kr ] 4d5 5s2
[Kr] 4d⁵ 5s²
6 S5/2
S6 S5/2
44
Ru
ruthenium
8
[Kr ] 4d7 5s1
[Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹
5 F5
F5 F5
45
Rh
rhodium
9
[Kr ] 4d8 5s1
[Kr] 5s¹ 4d⁸
4 F9/2
F4 F9/2
46
Pd
palladium
10
[Kr ] 4d10
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d⁸, [Kr] 5s² 5d⁸
1 S0
S1 S0
47
Ag
silver
11
[Kr ] 4d10 5s1
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
48
Cd
cadmium
12
[Kr ] 4d10 5s2
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰, [Kr] 5s² 5d¹⁰
1 S0
S1 S0
49
In
indium
13
[Kr ] 4d10 5s2 5p1
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p¹, [Kr] 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p¹
2 P1/2
P2 P1/2
50
Sn
tin
14
[Kr ] 4d10 5s2 5p2
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p², [Kr] 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p²
3 P0
P3 P0
51
Sb
antimony
15
[Kr ] 4d10 5s2 5p3
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p³, [Kr] 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p³
4 S3/2
S4 S3/2
52
Te
tellurium
16
[Kr ] 4d10 5s2 5p4
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p⁴, [Kr] 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p⁴
3 P2
P3 P2
53
I
iodine
17
[Kr ] 4d10 5s2 5p5
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p⁵, [Kr] 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p⁵
2 P3/2
P2 P3/2
54
Xe
xenon
18
[Kr ] 4d10 5s2 5p6
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶, [Kr] 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶
1 S0
S1 S0
55
Cs
caesium
1
[Xe ] 6s1
[Xe] 6s¹, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s¹
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
56
Ba
barium
2
[Xe ] 6s2
[Xe] 6s², 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s²
1 S0
S1 S0
57
La
lanthanum
f-block groups
[Xe ] 5d1 6s2
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 5d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 6d¹, [Xe] 6s² 6d¹
2 D3/2
D2 D3/2
58
Ce
cerium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f1 5d1 6s2 [ 2]
1 G4
G1 G4
59
Pr
praseodymium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f3 6s2
4 I9/2
I4 I9/2
60
Nd
neodymium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f4 6s2
5 I4
I5 I4
61
Pm
promethium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f5 6s2
6 H5/2
H6 H5/2
62
Sm
samarium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f6 6s2
7 F0
F7 F0
63
Eu
europium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f7 6s2
8 S7/2
S8 S7/2
64
Gd
gadolinium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f7 5d1 6s2
9 D2
D9 D2
65
Tb
terbium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f9 6s2
6 H15/2
H6 H15/2
66
Dy
dysprosium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f10 6s2
5 I8
I5 I8
67
Ho
holmium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f11 6s2
4 I15/2
I4 I15/2
68
Er
erbium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f12 6s2
3 H6
H3 H6
69
Tm
thulium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f13 6s2
2 F7/2
F2 F7/2
70
Yb
ytterbium
f-block groups
[Xe ] 4f14 6s2
1 S0
S1 S0
71
Lu
lutetium
3
[Xe ] 4f14 5d1 6s2
2 D3/2
D2 D3/2
72
Hf
hafnium
4
[Xe ] 4f14 5d2 6s2
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d² 6s²
3 F2
F3 F2
73
Ta
tantalum
5
[Xe ] 4f14 5d3 6s2
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d³ 6s²
4 F3/2
F4 F3/2
74
W
tungsten
6
[Xe ] 4f14 5d4 6s2 [ 3]
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²
5 D0
D5 D0
75
Re
rhenium
7
[Xe ] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵ 6s²
6 S5/2
S6 S5/2
76
Os
osmium
8
[Xe ] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s²
5 D4
D5 D4
77
Ir
iridium
9
[Xe ] 4f14 5d7 6s2
4 F9/2
F4 F9/2
78
Pt
platinum
10
[Xe ] 4f14 5d9 6s1
3 D3
D3 D3
79
Au
gold
11
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s1
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
80
Hg
mercury
12
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s²
1 S0
S1 S0
81
Tl
thallium
13
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
2 P1/2
P2 P1/2
82
Pb
lead
14
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
3 P0
P3 P0
83
Bi
bismuth
15
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
4 S3/2
S4 S3/2
84
Po
polonium
16
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
3 P2
P3 P2
85
At
astatine
17
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5
2 P3/2
P2 P3/2
86
Rn
radon
18
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶, [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶
1 S0
S1 S0
87
Fr
francium
1
[Rn ] 7s1
[Rn] 7s¹
2 S1/2
S2 S1/2
88
Ra
radium
2
[Rn ] 7s2
[Rn] 7s²
1 S0
S1 S0
89
Ac
actinium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 6d1 7s2
2 D3/2
D2 D3/2
90
Th
thorium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 6d2 7s2
3 F2
F3 F2
91
Pa
protactinium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f2 6d1 7s2
4 K11/2
K4 K11/2
92
U
uranium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f3 6d1 7s2
5 L6
L5 L6
93
Np
neptunium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f4 6d1 7s2
6 L11/2
L6 L11/2
94
Pu
plutonium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f6 7s2
7 F0
F7 F0
95
Am
americium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f7 7s2
8 S7/2
S8 S7/2
96
Cm
curium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f7 6d1 7s2
9 D2
D9 D2
97
Bk
berkelium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f9 7s2
6 H15/2
H6 H15/2
98
Cf
californium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f10 7s2
[Rn] 5f¹⁰ 7s²[ 5]
5 I8
I5 I8
99
Es
einsteinium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f11 7s2
4 I15/2
I4 I15/2
100
Fm
fermium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f12 7s2
3 H6
H3 H6
101
Md
mendelevium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f13 7s2
2 F7/2
F2 F7/2
102
No
nobelium
f-block groups
[Rn ] 5f14 7s2
1 S0
S1 S0
103
Lr
lawrencium
3
[Rn ] 5f14 7s2 7p1
2 P1/2 ?
P2 P1/2 ?
104
Rf
rutherfordium
4
[Rn ] 5f14 6d2 7s2 [ 6] [ 7]
[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d² 7s²
3 F2
F3 F2
105
Db
dubnium
5
[Rn ] 5f14 6d3 7s2 [ 7]
[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d³ 7s²
4 F3/2 ?
F4 F3/2 ?
106
Sg
seaborgium
6
[Rn ] 5f14 6d4 7s2 [ 7]
[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁴ 7s²
5 D0 ?
D5 D0 ?
107
Bh
bohrium
7
[Rn ] 5f14 6d5 7s2 [ 8] [ 7]
[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁵ 7s²
6 S5/2 ?
S6 S5/2 ?
108
Hs
hassium
8
[Rn ] 5f14 6d6 7s2
[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁶ 7s²
5 D4 ?
D5 D4 ?
109
Mt
meitnerium
9
[Rn ] 5f14 6d7 7s2 (predicted) [ 7] [ 10]
4 F9/2 ?
F4 F9/2 ?
110
Ds
darmstadtium
10
[Rn ] 5f14 6d8 7s2 (predicted) [ 7]
3 F4 ?
F3 F4 ?
111
Rg
roentgenium
11
[Rn ] 5f14 6d9 7s2 (predicted) [ 11] [ 7]
2 D5/2 ?
D2 D5/2 ?
112
Cn
copernicium
12
[Rn ] 5f14 6d10 7s2 (predicted) [ 7]
1 S0 ?
S1 S0 ?
113
Nh
nihonium
13
[Rn ] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1 (predicted) [ 7]
2 P1/2 ?
P2 P1/2 ?
114
Fl
flerovium
14
[Rn ] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 (predicted) [ 7]
3 P0 ?
P3 P0 ?
115
Mc
moscovium
15
[Rn ] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3 (predicted) [ 7]
4 S3/2 ?
S4 S3/2 ?
116
Lv
livermorium
16
[Rn ] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4 (predicted) [ 7]
3 P2 ?
P3 P2 ?
117
Ts
tennessine
17
[Rn ] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p5 (predicted) [ 7]
2 P3/2 ?
P2 P3/2 ?
118
Og
oganesson
18
[Rn ] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p6 (predicted) [ 12] [ 7]
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶ 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁶,[ 13] [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁶[ 13]
1 S0 ?
S1 S0 ?
119
Uue
ununennium
1
[Og ] 8s1 (predicted) [ 7]
2 S1/2 ?
S2 S1/2 ?
120
Ubn
unbinilium
2
[Og ] 8s2 (predicted) [ 7]
1 S0 ?
S1 S0 ?
121
Ubu
unbiunium
g-block groups
[Og ] 8s2 8p1 (predicted) [ 7]
2 P1/2 ?
P2 P1/2 ?
122
Ubb
unbibium
g-block groups
[Og ] 7d1 8s2 8p1 (predicted) [ 14]
123
Ubt
unbitrium
g-block groups
124
Ubq
unbiquadium
g-block groups
[Og ] 6f3 8s2 8p1 (predicted) [ 14]
125
Ubp
unbipentium
g-block groups
126
Ubh
unbihexium
g-block groups
[Og ] 5g2 6f3 8s2 8p1 (predicted) [ 14]