Oroqen Autonomous Banner (Oroqen: ɔrɔtʃeenŋi buwaan; Mongolian: ᠣᠷᠴᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ; Chinese: 鄂伦春自治旗) is an autonomous banner that lies directly south of the urban district of Hailar in the prefecture-level city of Hulunbuir.[2] It covers an area of 60,378 square kilometres (23,312 sq mi). As of the 2010 census[update], there were 223,752 inhabitants with a population density of 4.84 inhabitants per km2.
Oroqen Banner
鄂伦春旗 • ɔrɔtʃeenŋi buwaan • ᠣᠷᠴᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ | |
|---|---|
| Oroqen Autonomous Banner 鄂伦春自治旗 ɔrɔtʃeenŋi buwaan ᠣᠷᠴᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ | |
 | |
 Location in Hulunbuir | |
  Oroqen Location in Inner Mongolia  Oroqen Oroqen (China) | |
| Coordinates: 50°35′N 123°43′E / 50.583°N 123.717°E | |
| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Inner Mongolia |
| Prefecture-level city | Hulunbuir |
| Banner seat | Alihe (Ali Gol) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 60,378 km2 (23,312 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
| • Total | 174,023 |
| • Density | 2.9/km2 (7.5/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
| Oroqen Autonomous Banner | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 鄂伦春自治旗 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 鄂倫春自治旗 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Mongolian name | |||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Орчон өөртөө засах хошуу | ||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠣᠷᠴᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ||||||
| |||||||
| Oroqen name | |||||||
| Oroqen | ɔrɔtʃeenŋi buwaan | ||||||
Administrative divisions
editOroqen Autonomous Banner is made up of 8 towns and 2 townships.[3] The banner's seat of government is located in Alihe (Ali Gol).[4]
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Mongolian (Hudum Script) | Mongolian (Cyrillic) | Oroqen | Administrative division code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | ||||||
| Alihe Town (Ali Gol Town) |
阿里河镇 | Ālǐhé Zhèn | ᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Аль гол балгас | aali biraa kutuun | 150723100 |
| Dayangshu Town | 大杨树镇 | Dàyángshù Zhèn | ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠱᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Да ян шуу балгас | ədiŋə ulixdaan kutuun | 150723101 |
| Ganhe Town | 甘河镇 | Gānhé Zhèn | ᠭᠠᠨ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Ган ге балгас | gaan dɔɔn kutuun | 150723102 |
| Jiwen Town | 吉文镇 | Jíwén Zhèn | ᠵᠢᠸᠧᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Жвен балгас | 150723103 | |
| Nomin Town | 诺敏镇 | Nuòmǐn Zhèn | ᠨᠣᠮᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Номин балгас | nəmiin kutuun | 150723104 |
| Olobtai Town | 乌鲁布铁镇 | Wūlǔbùtiě Zhèn | ᠥᠯᠥᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Өлөвтэй балгас | 150723105 | |
| Yili Town | 宜里镇 | Yílǐ Zhèn | ᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Ил балгас | 150723106 | |
| Keyihe Town | 克一河镇 | Kèyīhé Zhèn | ᠺᠧ ᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Ке И ге балгас | 150723107 | |
| Townships | ||||||
| Guli Township | 古里乡 | Gǔlǐ Xiāng | ᠭᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Хөө ли шиян | guuli | 150723200 |
| Tuozhamin Township | 托扎敏乡 | Tuōzhāmǐn Xiāng | ᠲᠦᠸᠧ ᠵᠠ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Түве жаа мин шиян | totʃamiin | 150723201 |
In addition, Oroqen Autonomous Banner claims jurisdiction over Jagdaqi and Songling District; technically however, the two districts are de facto under the jurisdiction of Daxing'anling Prefecture, Heilongjiang Province. The government of Hulunbuir disputes this arrangement.[5]
Ethnic groups in Oroqen Autonomous Banner, 2000 census
edit| Nationality | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Han | 257,861 | 88.28% |
| Mongols | 12,045 | 4.12% |
| Manchu | 8,743 | 2.99% |
| Daur | 6,379 | 2.18% |
| Evenks | 3,155 | 1.08% |
| Oroqen | 2,050 | 0.7% |
| Hui | 1,038 | 0.36% |
| Korean | 633 | 0.22% |
| Xibe | 54 | 0.02% |
| Russians | 37 | 0.01% |
| Others | 102 | 0.04% |
Climate
edit| Climate data for Oroqen Autonomous Banner, elevation 424 m (1,391 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) |
6.4 (43.5) |
18.4 (65.1) |
29.0 (84.2) |
34.8 (94.6) |
40.5 (104.9) |
37.2 (99.0) |
36.0 (96.8) |
31.9 (89.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
13.6 (56.5) |
0.4 (32.7) |
40.5 (104.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.7 (7.3) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
0.4 (32.7) |
10.7 (51.3) |
19.2 (66.6) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.5 (79.7) |
24.3 (75.7) |
18.4 (65.1) |
8.5 (47.3) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
7.7 (45.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −21.7 (−7.1) |
−17.1 (1.2) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
11.3 (52.3) |
17.1 (62.8) |
19.8 (67.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−21.1 (−6.0) |
−0.1 (31.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −27.6 (−17.7) |
−24.4 (−11.9) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
3.0 (37.4) |
9.6 (49.3) |
14.0 (57.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
3.6 (38.5) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−18.2 (−0.8) |
−26.4 (−15.5) |
−6.7 (20.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −40.3 (−40.5) |
−39.6 (−39.3) |
−31.8 (−25.2) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−23.6 (−10.5) |
−34.3 (−29.7) |
−40.2 (−40.4) |
−40.3 (−40.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3.4 (0.13) |
3.2 (0.13) |
6.1 (0.24) |
18.5 (0.73) |
47.0 (1.85) |
95.3 (3.75) |
168.7 (6.64) |
118.5 (4.67) |
64.1 (2.52) |
21.5 (0.85) |
9.8 (0.39) |
6.4 (0.25) |
562.5 (22.15) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.5 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 10.8 | 14.6 | 17.0 | 15.4 | 10.6 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 108.7 |
| Average snowy days | 7.9 | 5.9 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 5.2 | 8.5 | 9.7 | 52.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 67 | 62 | 54 | 49 | 52 | 69 | 78 | 80 | 72 | 61 | 67 | 70 | 65 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 173.3 | 210.3 | 266.4 | 251.5 | 250.2 | 241.3 | 221.6 | 216.4 | 213.9 | 201.4 | 167.7 | 149.8 | 2,563.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 65 | 73 | 72 | 60 | 52 | 49 | 45 | 49 | 57 | 62 | 63 | 61 | 59 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Nuomin Town (Xiaoergou), Oroqen Autonomous Banner (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.6 (7.5) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
1.5 (34.7) |
12.2 (54.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
25.7 (78.3) |
27.5 (81.5) |
25.2 (77.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
10.1 (50.2) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
8.7 (47.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −23.0 (−9.4) |
−17.7 (0.1) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
12.7 (54.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
21.2 (70.2) |
18.5 (65.3) |
11.5 (52.7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
0.8 (33.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −29.7 (−21.5) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
4.4 (39.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
15.5 (59.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−27.2 (−17.0) |
−6.0 (21.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3.6 (0.14) |
3.2 (0.13) |
6.0 (0.24) |
20.1 (0.79) |
41.8 (1.65) |
102.2 (4.02) |
146.0 (5.75) |
116.0 (4.57) |
55.9 (2.20) |
23.2 (0.91) |
6.7 (0.26) |
5.8 (0.23) |
530.5 (20.89) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.9 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 6.2 | 9.5 | 13.6 | 15.0 | 13.4 | 9.4 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 6.0 | 96.6 |
| Average snowy days | 6.7 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 3.9 | 7.4 | 8.9 | 44.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 66 | 62 | 55 | 48 | 51 | 67 | 76 | 79 | 71 | 61 | 66 | 69 | 64 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 178.2 | 208.2 | 260.5 | 251.4 | 264.1 | 260.4 | 246.1 | 230.7 | 222.9 | 208.8 | 169.9 | 150.8 | 2,652 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 66 | 72 | 70 | 61 | 55 | 54 | 51 | 53 | 60 | 64 | 63 | 59 | 61 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[6][8] | |||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ Inner Mongolia: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^ Naeher, Carsten; Stary, Giovanni; Weiers, Michael (2002). Proceedings of the First International Conference on Manchu-Tungus Studies, Bonn, August 28-September 1, 2000: Trends in Tungusic and Siberian linguistics. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 112–113. ISBN 978-3-447-04628-2.
- ^ 2022年统计用区划代码（鄂伦春自治旗） [2020 Statistical Division Codes (Oroqen Autonomous Banner)] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2022.
- ^ Cope, Lida (2014-06-03). Applied Linguists Needed: Cross-disciplinary Networking in Endangered Language Contexts. Routledge. p. 75. ISBN 978-1-317-97805-3.
- ^ 内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市积极推进恢复加松地区管理权 (in Simplified Chinese). The Paper. 2019-05-22. Archived from the original on 2022-08-02. Retrieved 2021-09-02.
- ^ a b 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
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