Lathi khela (Bengali: লাঠি খেলা) is a traditional Bengali martial art[1][2] – a kind of stick fighting practiced in Bangladesh.[3] A practitioner is known as a lathial.[4] Lathi khela originated from the Bengal region in Indian subcontinent.
 Lathi khela competition in Bangladesh | |
| Focus | Stick fighting |
|---|---|
| Famous practitioners | Pulin Behari Das |
| Olympic sport | No |
| Meaning | Staffplay |
Etymology
editThe word lathi is the Bengali word meaning stick, while khela means a sport or game. Therefore, lathi khela translates as a game of sticks.[5][6]
Instruments
editThe lathi is normally made of the male bamboo and sometimes bound at short intervals with iron rings. A typical lathi measures 6 to 8 feet (2 to 2.4 m). Some, called bari, are shorter and may be wielded like a baton or bludgeon. In the past, sticks could be paired with shields, as can still be seen in nori bari (mock stick-fight) demonstrations.
History
editRich farmers and other eminent people hired lathial for security and as a symbol of their power. Duels were used as a way to protect or take land and other possessions. A proverb in some South Asian languages is "whoever wields the lathi keeps the buffalo". Zamindars (feudal lords) sent groups of lathial to forcefully collect taxes from villagers. Lathi training was at one time included in the Bratachari system of education.[7]
Although lathi is practised in Indian and Bangladeshi villages, urbanization has led to its decline as a rural martial art in recent decades. Until 1989, an annual nationwide lathi khela convention was held in Kushtia, Bangladesh, where troupes from all over the country took part.[4] Due to the drop in practitioners and spectators, the convention is now held once every three years. Even in the districts where lathi troupes once flourished, only several now remain. Today, lathi khela is most often seen during festivals and weddings.[8] Matches are held in West Bengal for certain puja rituals, and a similar sport called chamdi is played during Eid in North Bengal.
Practice
editLathial group performed acts like Baoi Jhak (group fight), Nori Bari (mock fight with sticks), Fala Khela and Dao Khela (mock fight with sharp weapons) and Chhuri dance to music, in the presence of hundreds. These groups may learn the arts of dao khela (machete fighting) and fara khela (sword fighting), both of which are preserved today in the form of mock-fights. Matches are generally one-on-one, but the art includes mock-group fights or baoi jhak. In lathi the centre of energy is the heart chakra, and practitioners fight in a more upright position.[7][8]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Khan, Saleque (2007). Performing the (imagi)nation: A Bangladesh Mise-en-scene. New York University. p. 237. ISBN 978-0-549-09962-8.
- ^ Ahmed, Sharif Uddin (1999). Sylhet: History and Heritage. Bangladesh Itihas Samiti. ISBN 978-984-31-0478-6.
- ^ "Lathi Khela to celebrate Tangail Free Day". The Daily Star. 13 December 2011.
- ^ a b "'Lathi khela' at Charukala". bangladesh2day.com. 27 December 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
- ^ "Three-day cultural fair ended in Barisal". New Age. 26 February 2012. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
- ^ Islam, Sirajul (2012). "Lathial". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ^ a b ঈদ উৎসবের নানা রং. Prothom Alo (in Bengali). 2 August 2013. Archived from the original on 9 August 2013.
- ^ a b "Lathi Khela to celebrate Tangail Free Day". Dhaka Mirror. 13 December 2011. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 9 June 2013.