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Hyejong (912 – 23 October 945), personal name Wang Mu, was the second king of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He was preceded by King Taejo and succeeded by King Jeongjong.
| Hyejong 혜종 惠宗 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King of Goryeo | |||||||||
| Reign | 943–945 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 943 Gaegyeong, Goryeo | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Taejo of Goryeo | ||||||||
| Successor | Jeongjong of Goryeo | ||||||||
| Born | Wang Mu 912 Queen Janghwa's manor, Mokpo, Naju, State of Taebong | ||||||||
| Died | 23 October 945 (aged 32–33) Junggwang Hall, Gaegyeong, Goryeo | ||||||||
| Burial | Sulleung (순릉; 順陵) | ||||||||
| Queen Consort | Queen Uihwa | ||||||||
| Consort | Lady Hugwangjuwon Lady Cheongjuwon Palace Lady Aeiju | ||||||||
| Issue | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | Wang | ||||||||
| Dynasty | Goryeo | ||||||||
| Father | Taejo of Goryeo | ||||||||
| Mother | Queen Janghwa | ||||||||
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 혜종 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 恵宗 |
| Revised Romanization | Hyejong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Hyejong |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 왕무 |
| Hanja | 王武 |
| Revised Romanization | Wang Mu |
| McCune–Reischauer | Wang Mu |
| Courtesy name | |
| Hangul | 승건 |
| Hanja | 承乾 |
| Revised Romanization | Seunggeon |
| McCune–Reischauer | Sŭnggŏn |
| Posthumous name | |
| Hangul | 의공대왕 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Uigong Daewang |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ŭigong Taewang |
Early life
editHyejong was born to King Taejo and his second wife, Janghwa of the "Oh" clan. She was the daughter of the Magistrate of Naju, O Ta-ryŏn. Taejo met and married her while serving in Naju as a general of Taebong under Gung Ye.[1]
In 921, Hyejong was proclaimed Crown Prince and Royal Successor with support from General Bak Sul-Hui. Almost immediately after being named Crown Prince, Hyejong followed his father Taejo into battle against Later Baekje and played a major role in numerous victories. In 943, Hyejong rose to the throne upon his father's death.
Reign
editHyejong's reign was marked with conspiracy and power struggles among Taejo's sons. The first of these conspiracies was led by Princes Wang Yo and Wang So, sons of Taejo and his third consort, Queen Sinmyeongsunseong of the Chungju Yu clan, which possessed considerable political influence.[2] Upon realizing the conspiracy by the two princes, Wang Gyu warned Hyejong of the conspiracy, but plotted to put his grandson, one of Hyejong's younger half-brothers, on the throne when Hyejong did nothing to stop the conspiracy of the two princes.
Death
editHyejong died in 945, during the second year of his reign from mercury poisoning in his bath water. He had eczema, which caused red itchy patches on his skin and difficulty breathing. Although he had a son who was named crown prince, he was succeeded by his third brother Wang Yo, who claimed the throne by force with the backing of their fourth brother Wang So and subsequently crowned as Jeongjong.
Family
edit- Father: Taejo of Goryeo (31 January 877 – 4 July 943)
- Grandfather: Wang Ryung, King Wimu the Great
- Grandmother: Queen Wisuk, of the Han clan
- Mother: Queen Janghwa of the Naju O clan
- Grandfather: O Ta-ryŏn, Prince Daryeon
- Grandmother: Lady Yŏn Tŏk-kyo (연덕교)
- Consorts and their Respective Issue(s):
- Queen Uihwa, of the Jincheon Im clan
- Prince Heunghwa, 1st son
- Lady Gyeonghwa, 1st daughter
- Princess Jeongheon, 2nd daughter
- Lady Hugwangjuwon, of the Gangneung Wang clan– No issue.
- Lady Cheongjuwon of the Cheongju Kim clan (청주원부인 김씨) – No issue.
- Palace Lady Aeiju, of the Yeon clan
- Wang Je, 2nd son
- Lady Myeonghye, 3rd daughter
In popular culture
edit- Portrayed by Ahn Jung-hoon and Seo Hyun-suk in the 2000–2002 KBS1 TV series Taejo Wang Geon.
- Portrayed by No Young-gook in the 2002–2003 KBS1 TV series The Dawn of the Empire.
- Portrayed by Kim San-ho in the 2016 SBS TV series Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo.
References
edit- ^ 고려시대 - "고려왕실을 지키는 최후의 보루". Naju. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
- ^ Kang, H.W. (May 1977). "The First Succession Struggle of Koryŏ, in 945: A Reinterpretation". The Journal of Asian Studies. 36 (3). Retrieved 20 January 2024.
혜종 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.