Dorbod Banner or Siziwang Banner (Mongolian: ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ; Chinese: 四子王旗) is a banner (county equivalent) in Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, China,[2] bordering Mongolia's Dornogovi Province to the northwest. It is located about 80 km (50 mi) north of Hohhot, the capital of Inner Mongolia.

Dorbod Banner
四子王旗 · ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
Siziwang
Dorbod in Ulanqab
Dorbod in Ulanqab
Ulanqab in Inner Mongolia
Ulanqab in Inner Mongolia
Dorbod is located in Inner Mongolia
Dorbod
Dorbod
Location in Inner Mongolia
Dorbod is located in China
Dorbod
Dorbod
Dorbod (China)
Coordinates: 41°31′59″N 111°42′24″E / 41.53306°N 111.70667°E / 41.53306; 111.70667
CountryChina
Autonomous regionInner Mongolia
Prefecture-level cityUlanqab
Banner seatUlan Hua
Area
 • Total
25,513 km2 (9,851 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total
129,372
 • Density5.1/km2 (13/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Websitewww.szwq.gov.cn
Dorbod Banner
Chinese name
Chinese四子王旗
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinSìzǐwáng Qí
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicДөрвөд хошуу
Mongolian scriptᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
Transcriptions
SASM/GNCDörbed qosiɣu

The banner spans 25,513 square kilometres (9,851 sq mi), and has a population of 129,372 as of 2020.[3] Its seat of government is located in Wulanhua.[4]

Toponymy

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The Chinese name for the banner siziwang, literally "four princes", derives from the area's historic rule by four brothers.[3] The Mongolian name for the banner dorbed means "of four".[citation needed]

History

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T'u-ho-mu Miao (土合木庙) / Töhömiin Süme (1959)

The area of Dorbod Banner was ruled by four Mongol brothers, Sengge (Сэнгэ, Chinese: 僧格), Suonuobu (Chinese: 索諾布), Bonpo (Бумба, Chinese: 鄂木布) and Yi'erzhamu (Chinese: 伊爾扎木), who were descendants of Hasar, a brother of Genghis Khan.[citation needed] They led their tribe in participating in the Manchu Qing Dynasty's conquest of Ming China in the early 17th century.[citation needed] In recognition of their service, the Qing court made Emubu the Duoluo Commandery Prince (Chinese: 多羅郡王) in 1649 and settled their tribe in the area of modern Siziwang Banner.[citation needed] The title was hereditary and passed through fourteen of his descendants before the Chinese Communist Party abolished all hereditary titles in Inner Mongolia in 1949.[citation needed] The last prince, Sudanamuchaogeji (Chinese: 蘇達那木朝格吉), died as a private citizen in 1957.[citation needed] There is a sculpture of the four original princes in Wulanhua, erected in 2003.[1]

Geography

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To its east lies Sonid Right Banner, Qahar Right Rear Banner, and Qahar Right Middle Banner.[4] To its south lies Wuchuan County and Zhuozi County.[4] To its west lies Darhan Muminggan United Banner.[4] Its north is formed by a 104 kilometres (65 mi) border with Mongolia.[4]

Its seat of government, the town of Wulanhua, is located 105 kilometres (65 mi) away from Hohhot, and 270 kilometres (170 mi) away from Erlianhot.[4]

The banner is located along the northern foothills of the Yin Mountains, and has an average elevation of 1,400 metres (4,600 ft).[4] Most of the banner's area is grassland.[4]

Climate

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The banner experiences an average of 250 millimetres (9.8 in) to 300 millimetres (12 in) of precipitation annually.[4] Its average annual temperature is 3 °C (37 °F).[4]

Climate data for Dorbod Banner, elevation 1,445 m (4,741 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.8
(47.8)
14.9
(58.8)
20.9
(69.6)
28.7
(83.7)
32.3
(90.1)
36.5
(97.7)
36.9
(98.4)
33.5
(92.3)
32.2
(90.0)
24.3
(75.7)
17.9
(64.2)
12.4
(54.3)
36.9
(98.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −6.7
(19.9)
−2.3
(27.9)
4.9
(40.8)
13.5
(56.3)
20.0
(68.0)
24.8
(76.6)
26.9
(80.4)
24.9
(76.8)
19.7
(67.5)
12.0
(53.6)
2.6
(36.7)
−5.0
(23.0)
11.3
(52.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −14.3
(6.3)
−9.9
(14.2)
−2.2
(28.0)
6.3
(43.3)
13.2
(55.8)
18.3
(64.9)
20.7
(69.3)
18.5
(65.3)
12.8
(55.0)
5.0
(41.0)
−4.2
(24.4)
−11.8
(10.8)
4.4
(39.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −19.9
(−3.8)
−15.7
(3.7)
−8.2
(17.2)
−0.4
(31.3)
6.2
(43.2)
11.7
(53.1)
14.7
(58.5)
12.6
(54.7)
7.0
(44.6)
−0.4
(31.3)
−9.1
(15.6)
−16.9
(1.6)
−1.5
(29.3)
Record low °C (°F) −34.2
(−29.6)
−30.8
(−23.4)
−27.7
(−17.9)
−15.0
(5.0)
−7.4
(18.7)
0.5
(32.9)
6.4
(43.5)
1.9
(35.4)
−5.4
(22.3)
−14.1
(6.6)
−27.1
(−16.8)
−32.7
(−26.9)
−34.2
(−29.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 3.5
(0.14)
4.5
(0.18)
7.9
(0.31)
13.0
(0.51)
29.9
(1.18)
44.5
(1.75)
81.8
(3.22)
63.6
(2.50)
43.7
(1.72)
18.7
(0.74)
7.7
(0.30)
4.3
(0.17)
323.1
(12.72)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 5.4 4.9 5.7 5.0 6.8 11.1 11.4 11.1 9.0 5.4 5.8 6.1 87.7
Average snowy days 8.7 7.2 7.3 3.7 1.0 0 0 0 0.3 3.1 7.4 9.0 47.7
Average relative humidity (%) 59 53 43 35 37 46 57 60 56 52 55 58 51
Mean monthly sunshine hours 212.9 213.6 260.0 275.4 304.1 284.7 298.9 288.0 255.4 250.6 209.1 197.9 3,050.6
Percent possible sunshine 72 71 70 69 67 63 66 68 69 74 72 70 69
Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6]

Administrative divisions

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Dorbod Banner is divided into 5 towns, 3 townships, and 5 sums.[7]

Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Mongolian (Hudum Script) Mongolian (Cyrillic) Administrative division code
Towns
Ulan Hua Town 乌兰花镇 Wūlánhuā Zhèn ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Улаанухаа балгас 150929100
Jishengtai Town 吉生太镇 Jíshēngtài Zhèn ᠵᠢᠢ ᠱᠧᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Жий шинтэй балгас 150929101
Huret Town 库伦图镇 Kùlúntú Zhèn ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Хүрээт балгас 150929102
Gongjitang Town 供济堂镇 Gōngjìtáng Zhèn ᠭᠦᠩ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Хүн жий даан балгас 150929103
Bayan Qogt Town 白音朝克图镇 Báiyīncháokètú Zhèn ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Баянцогт балгас 150929104
Townships
Dongbahao Township 东八号乡 Dōngbāhào Xiāng ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Дүн ба хоо шиян 150929204
Hujirt Township 忽鸡图乡 Hūjītú Xiāng ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Хужирт шиян 150929205
Daheihe Township 大黑河乡 Dàhēihé Xiāng ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠾᠧᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Да гей ге шиян 150929206
Sums
Honggor Sum 红格尔苏木 Hónggé'ěr Sūmù ᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Хонгор сум 150929200
Janggan Sum 江岸苏木 Jiāng'àn Sūmù ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Зангаа сум 150929201
Qagan Bulag Sum 查干补力格苏木 Chágànbǔlìgé Sūmù ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Цагаанбулаг сум 150929202
Nomgan Sum 脑木更苏木 Nǎomùgèng Sūmù ᠨᠣᠮᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Номгон сум 150929203
Bayan Obo Sum 巴音敖包苏木 Bāyīn'áobāo Sūmù ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠣ᠋ᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Баянөваа сум 150929207

Other: Ulan Pasture (乌兰牧场)

Demographics

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As of 2009, the banner is home to 216,990 people, up from the 180,568 reported in the 2000 Census.[3]

The banner's ethnic minorities include 18,902 Mongols (8.71% of the total population), 1,086 Manchus (0.50%), and 837 Hui people (0.39%).[3]

Economy

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Mineral deposits in the banner include gold, copper, nickel, manganese, fluorite, gypsum, coal, and thenardite.[4]

Spacecraft landing site

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The banner served as the landing sites for China's Shenzhou program.[8]

A pasture known as Amugulang, located in Honggor Sum, about 60 km (37 mi) north of Wulanhua, served as the landing site for the Shenzhou-6 spacecraft.[9] A specially constructed 64.69 km (40.20 mi) road runs from Wulanhua to Honggor to aid the recovery of the Shenzhou spacecraft, and to boost the local economy.[9] This road shortened the journey between the two towns from two hours to just 40 minutes.[9]

Chinese space program recovery teams (with SUV and recovery trucks) track the progress of re-entry near the landing site and arrive shortly after landing.[10]

A small recovery trucks fitted with a crane lifts the capsule and places it on the rear of the truck for transportation back to the space centre.[citation needed]

Since the final landing of Shenzhou 11 in Dorbod Banner in 2016, new facilities have been built to hasten the retrieval process for various spacecraft.[citation needed]

In December 2020, the Chang'e 5 spacecraft landed in Dorbod Banner following a successful collection of Moon rocks.[8]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ — All of the names presented here are transcribed from Chinese language sources using Hanyu Pinyin into the Roman alphabet. However, as these names are Mongolian and/or Manchu in origin, it would be much more accurate to transcribe them directly from those languages. These transcriptions are, however, unavailable as of now.

References

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  1. ^ Inner Mongolia: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
  2. ^ 2020年统计用区划代码(乌兰察布市) (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-12-17. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
  3. ^ a b c d 四子王旗历史沿革. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2013-04-16. Archived from the original on 2020-12-17. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k 四子王旗概况地图. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2013-04-16. Archived from the original on 2020-12-17. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
  5. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  6. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  7. ^ 2022年统计用区划代码(四子王旗) (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2022.
  8. ^ a b "Chinese Capsule Returns to Earth Carrying Moon Rocks". Time. 2020-12-16. Archived from the original on 2020-12-17. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
  9. ^ a b c "People's Daily Online -- Primary landing site ready to greet Chinese taikonauts back home". people.cn. 2005-10-15. Archived from the original on 2020-12-18. Retrieved 2020-12-18.
  10. ^ Shenzhou 5 Archived 2011-06-28 at the Wayback Machine