The Court of Appeal of Prince Edward Island (also known as the Prince Edward Island Court of Appeal, and as PECA in legal abbreviation) is the appellate court for the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and thus the senior provincial court below the Supreme Court of Canada. As the number of appeals heard by the Supreme Court of Canada is extremely limited, the Court of Appeal is in practice the court of final appeal for most residents of Prince Edward Island.
| Court of Appeal of Prince Edward Island | |
|---|---|
 The Royal Arms as used by the Court of Appeal[1] | |
| Jurisdiction | Prince Edward Island |
| Website | courts |
The Court is composed of three judges, led by the Chief Justice of Prince Edward Island, currently David H. Jenkins.[2] At any given time there may be one or more additional justices who sit as supernumerary justices.[2] The Court of Appeal derives its jurisdiction from Prince Edward Island's Judicature Act, enacted in its current form in 2008.
History and functions
editPrior to 2008 reforms that were formally implemented in 2009, the senior appellate body in Prince Edward Island was the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island (Appeal Division).[3] With the passage of the Judicature Act, the Supreme Court was stripped of its appellate functions, now assigned to the Court of Appeal, while the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island remained as a single-division superior court. All members of the former Appeal Division became the justices of the Court of Appeal.
The Court of Appeals hears appeals from the Provincial Court of Prince Edward Island on indictable criminal matters as well as appeals from decisions made by the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island.
The Appeal Division sits in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, in the Sir Louis Henry Davies Law Courts.[4]
Pursuant to the Constitution Act, 1867, the Court of Appeal is operated by the provincial government, while its justices are appointed by the Governor General of Canada, on the advice of the Prime Minister of Canada.
Current membership
edit| Position | Name | Appointed | Nominated by | Position prior to appointment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chief Justice of PEI | James W. Gormley | 2022 | Trudeau | Justice of the Supreme Court of PEI |
| Justice | Michele M. Murphy | 2007 | Harper | |
| Justice | Thomas Laughlin | 2023 | Trudeau | |
| Supernumerary Justice | John K. Mitchell | 2013 | Harper | Justice of the Supreme Court of PEI |
Chief Justices of PEI
edit| Name | Years | Position prior to appointment | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| James W. Gormley | 2022–present | Justice of the Supreme Court of PEI | |
| David H. Jenkins | 2008–2021 | Justice of the Supreme Court of PEI | |
| Gerard E. Mitchell[5] | 2001–2008 | Supreme Court judge | |
| Norman H. Carruthers | 1985–2001 | ||
| John Paton Nicholson | 1977–1985 | ||
| Charles St. Clair Trainor | 1970–1976 | Queen's County Court judge | |
| Thane Alexander Campbell[6] | 1943–1970 | Premier of PEI, 1936-43 | |
| John Alexander Mathieson[7] | 1917–1943 | Premier of PEI, 1911-17 | |
| William Wilfred Sullivan[8] | 1889–1917 | Premier of PEI, 1878-89 | |
| Edward Palmer[9] | 1874–1889 | Queen's County judge | |
| Robert Hodgson[10] | 1852–1874 | Lawyer | |
| Edward James Jarvis[11] | 1828–1852 | King's Assessor, Malta | |
| Samuel George William Archibald[12] | 1824–1828 | Attorney | |
| Thomas Tremlett [13] | 1813–1824 | Chief Justice of Newfoundland | Exchanged for Colclough |
| Caesar Colclough [14] | 1805–1813 | Barrister | Exchanged for Tremlett |
| Robert Thorpe[15] | 1801–1804 | Irish lawyer | Captured by French at sea in 1804 |
| Peter Stewart [16] | 1775–1800 | Scottish Law Clerk | |
| John Duport[16] | ?–1775 | Died in Service |
Note that one chief justice is missing from the above list.
References
edit- ^ "Home". The Courts of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
- ^ a b NUMBER OF FEDERALLY APPOINTED JUDGES AS OF JULY 1, 2018, www.fja.gc.ca
- ^ Act to overhaul higher courts in P.E.I. comes into effect Archived 2013-10-03 at archive.today, The Guardian, 17 January 2009.
- ^ Sir Louis Henry Davies Law Courts, Government of Prince Edward Island Directory.
- ^ "Retired Chief Justice Mitchell Appointed Police Commissioner". Office of the Police Commissioner. Archived from the original on 24 December 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ "Thane A. Campbell". Government of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ "John Alexander Mathieson". Government of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ MacBeath, Nancy MacNeill (1998). "Sullivan, Sir William Wilfred". In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XIV (1911–1920) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ Robertson, Ian Ross (1982). "Palmer, Edward". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XI (1881–1890) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ Robertson, Ian Ross (1972). "Hodgson, Sir Robert". In Hayne, David (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. X (1871–1880) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ Bumsted, J. M.; Holman, H. T. (1985). "Jarvis, Edward James". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. VIII (1851–1860) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ Beck, J. Murray (1988). "Archibald, Samuel George William". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. VII (1836–1850) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ Bumsted, J. M.; Holman, H. T. (1987). "Tremlett, Thomas". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. VI (1821–1835) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ Bumsted, J. M. (1987). "Colclough, Cæsar". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. VI (1821–1835) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ Patterson, G. H. (1988). "Thorpe, Robert". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. VII (1836–1850) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ^ a b Bumsted, J. M. (1983). "Stewart, Peter". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. V (1801–1820) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 12 October 2015.