China National Radio (CNR; Chinese: 中央人民广播电台) is the national radio network of China, headquartered in Beijing. CNR forms the national radio service of the state-owned China Media Group.
China National Radio 中央人民广播电台
The China National Radio Headquarters (CMG Fuxingmen Office Area)
The infrastructure began with a transmitter from Moscow to set up its first station in Yan'an (延安). It used the call sign XNCR ("New China Radio") for broadcasts, and is the first radio station set up by the Chinese Communist Party in 1940.[1]
In the west, it was known as the Yan'an New China Radio Station (延安新华广播电台) broadcasting two hours daily.[1] In China, it was called the Yan'an Xinhua Broadcasting Station, which was established on 30 December 1940.[2]
On 25 March 1949, it was renamed Shanbei Xinhua Broadcasting Station (陕北新华广播电台) after it departed from Yan'an. It began to broadcast in Beiping under the name of Peiping Xinhua Broadcasting Station (北平新华广播电台). On December5, 1949, it was officially named to Central People's Broadcasting Station, two months after the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The station offered 15.5 hours of daily programming broadcast to most parts of China.[1]
Mao Zedong emphasized that all citizens should listen to the station on 5 May 1941. The "Central Press and Broadcasting Bureau" was the driver in pushing all schools, army units, and public organizations of all levels to install loud public speakers and radio transmitters.[1] By the 1960s, 70 million speakers were installed reaching the rural population of 400 million.[1]
The Central People's Broadcasting Station innovated wired transmissions, which were linked to the commonly found telephone poles hanging with loud speakers. Local stations were usually located in county seats or in individual factories or production brigades.[3] It was part of Mao's ideology of delivering "Politics on Demand". The station served as the headquarters for propaganda during the Cultural Revolution.[1]
During the Cultural Revolution, Central Radio offered extensive daily programming schedules, beginning with The East is Red.[4] The majority of the daily schedule consisted of news and cultural programming, broken up with specialized programs on topics like morning calisthenics, children's shows, and broadcasts of military interest.[3]
The station later adopted China National Radio as its English name.[2]
Chinese and World pop music on FM in many main cities in China, broadcasting during 05:55-00:05 next day (UTC+8, except 14:05-16:55 on every Tuesday)
FM 90.0 in Beijing, FM 107.7 in Shanghai, FM 87.4 in Guangzhou, etc. (Frequencies on FM may vary in different cities)
Golden Radio 经典音乐广播 CNR 4
Previously known as Metro Radio (都市之声). Mainly classical, ethnic and retro music, broadcasting during 04:55-01:05 next day (UTC+8, except 13:05-16:55 on every Tuesday)
FM 101.8 in Beijing
Cross-Strait Radio 台海之声 CNR 5
The first Taiwan service, broadcasting in Mandarin. Mainly news, entertainment, talk, during 04:55-01:05 next day (UTC+8)
MW: 549, 765, 837, and 1116
SW: 5925, 7385, 9410, 9665, 9685, 11620, and 11935
FM: 102.3 in Fuzhou, Putian, eastern coastal areas of Quanzhou and Matsu; 94.9 in Xiamen, Zhangzhou, south part of Quanzhou and Kinmen
Shenzhou Easy Radio (literally: Sound of the Divine Land) 神州之声 CNR 6
The second Taiwan service, broadcasting in dialects including Hakka, Southern Min and entertainment in Mandarin, during 05:55-00:05 next day (UTC+8)
MW: 684, 909, and 1089
SW: 6165, 9420, 11905, and 15710
FM: 106.2 in Fuzhou, Putian, eastern coastal areas of Quanzhou and Matsu; 107.9 in Xiamen, Zhangzhou, south part of Quanzhou and Kinmen
Radio The Greater Bay 粤港澳大湾区之声 CNR 7
Zhujiang delta, Hong Kong and Macao Service, broadcasting in Cantonese (some programmes may mix Mandarin), Teochew and Hakka, during 04:55-02:00 next day (UTC+8, except 14:00-17:00 on every Tuesday)
MW: 1215 in Pearl River Delta
SW: 7345, 9745, 13770, and 15550 in South China
FM: 101.2 in Zhongshan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong; 98.0 in Guangzhou; 93.2 in Foshan and Zhaoqing; 105.4 in Zhuhai and Macau; and 102.8 via RTHK relay
Ethnic Minority Radio 民族之声 CNR 8
The Minorities Service, including Korean and Mongolian service, broadcasting during 05:00-23:05 (UTC+8)
MW: 1143 (in Mongolian, airing during 05:00–14:00), 1017 and 1143 (in Korean, airing during 14:00–19:00 for 1017, and 14:00–23:00 for 1143) (transfer CRI Korean radio during 05:00–07:00, and 19:00–23:00 for 1017)
SW: 9610 and 11810 (in Mongolian, airing during 05:00–14:00), 5975 and 9785 (in Korean, airing during 14:00–23:00)
FM: 104.5 (in Mongolian, airing during 05:00–14:00, transfer CNR 16 on other times)
May transferred by IMRBN General News during 11:00–12:00, or by other local radio channels in Inner Mongolia. May transferred by Yanbian Korean Radio during 20:00–21:00
Story Radio 文艺之声 CNR 9
Literature and entertainment programmes, broadcasting during 05:00-02:00 next day (UTC+8, except 13:05-16:55 on every Tuesday)
FM 106.6 in Beijing
Senior Citizen Radio 老年之声 CNR 10
For the elderly, including entertainment, health programmes, etc., broadcasting during 04:25–02:05 next day (UTC+8, except 14:05-16:55 on every Tuesday)
FM 104.4 and AM 1053 in Beijing
Tibetan Radio 藏语广播 CNR 11
Tibetan service, broadcasting during 05:55–00:05 next day (UTC+8)
MW: 1098
SW: 3990, 6010, 9480, 11685, 15570, etc.
FM: 105.7 in Lhasa
Reading Radio 阅读之声 CNR 12
Audio reading, broadcasting during 05:00-02:00 next day (UTC+8, except 13:05-16:55 on every Tuesday)
AM 747 in Beijing
Uyghur Radio 维吾尔语广播 CNR 13
Uyghur service, broadcasting during 07:55-02:05 next day (UTC+8)
MW: 1422 in Kashgar, 1098 in Beijing
SW: 6120, 9655, 13700, 15390, etc.
Hong Kong Edition 香港之声 CNR 14
Broadcasting in Hong Kong only, in Mandarin, Cantonese, Teochew and Hakka, broadcasting 24/7 hours except during 00:05-04:55 (UTC+8) on every Tuesday
on AM 675 (relayed by RTHK) and FM 87.8 in Hong Kong and Shenzhen
China Traffic Radio 中国交通广播 CNR 15
Broadcasting nationwide on highways, offering highway information, broadcasting 24/7 hours except during 00:05-04:55 (UTC+8) on every Tuesday
FM 99.6 in Beijing, Tianjin, FM 101.2 in Hebei, FM 95.5 in Shanghai, FM 90.5 in Hunan, etc. (Frequencies on FM may vary in different cities)
Countryside Radio 中国乡村之声 CNR 16
Broadcasting agricultural programmes 24/7 hours except during 00:05-04:55 (UTC+8) on every Tuesday
MW: 720 in Huabei
FM: 107.9 in Donggang, 101.4 in Qingtongxia, 104.5 in Hohhot (transfer CNR 8 during 05:00–14:00)
May also transferred by some local radio stations in Guizhou, Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Xinjiang, or by DTV radio functions via CDR technical
Kazakh Radio 哈萨克语广播 CNR 17
Kazakh service, broadcasting during 07:55–02:05 next day (UTC+8)
China Media Group