Chewton is a town in central Victoria, Australia in the Shire of Mount Alexander local government area, 116 kilometres north west of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2016 census, Chewton had a population of 1313.[1]
| Chewton Victoria | |
|---|---|
 View towards Red Hill Hotel | |
  Chewton | |
| Coordinates | 37°05′0″S 144°16′0″E / 37.08333°S 144.26667°E |
| Population | 1,313 (2016 census)[1] |
| Postcode(s) | 3451 |
| Time zone | AEST (UTC+10) |
| • Summer (DST) | AEST (UTC+11) |
| Location |
|
| LGA(s) | Shire of Mount Alexander |
| State electorate(s) | Bendigo West |
| Federal division(s) | Bendigo |
History
editPrior to European settlement, the Chewton area was inhabited by the Dja Dja Wurrung Aboriginal people, part of the Kulin nation.[2] The first European in the area was the explorer Major Thomas Mitchell on his way to discovering what he termed "Australia Felix" in 1836–37. Not long after, a sheep station was established by William Campbell, which incorporated the current townsite.[3][4]
Gold was discovered by shepherds on Dr Barker's sheep run at nearby Barkers Creek in 1851, spawning a large gold rush.[4] Over 30,000 diggers arrived at Chewton within three months, soon followed by prospectors from around the world, including many Chinese. The town was surveyed in 1854 with land lots being sold the following year (1855).[5]
Chewton Post Office opened on 8 September 1857. A Forrest Creek Post Office had opened in 1852, which was replaced by Castlemaine in 1854.[6][7] The Red Hill Hotel, constructed in 1854 is still standing today. In 1862 a branch of the Oriental Bank opened in Chewton with Alexander Kerr as the first manager.[8]
By the 1860s the alluvial gold had been exhausted and efforts turned to underground shafts in search of gold bearing quartz reefs.[3] Underground mining saw the immigration of Welsh and Cornish miners and some mines were very successful. The Wattle Gully mine founded in 1876 is still operating today. As gold mining wound down, the population declined to 1,212 in 1891 and 454 in 1933.[3]
The stonework supports of the Garfield water wheel lie near Chewton.[9][10]
While close to Castlemaine the town still maintains a distinct identity, but is slowly becoming a suburb of greater Castlemaine.[3] Several historical buildings and sites, including the Chewton Town Hall (constructed in 1858) and the Post office (constructed in 1879) are now owned by the Chewton Domain Society, a community group established to manage the properties. The society also produces a monthly community newsletter.[11] For several years, Chewton was host to a folk music festival over the Australia Day long weekend. In 2007, the festival relocated to nearby Newstead.[12]
The former railway station at Chewton closed to all traffic on 16 June 1976.[13]
References
edit- ^ a b "2016 census".
- ^ "Chewton.net". Retrieved 9 June 2007.
- ^ a b c d "Chewton". Sydney Morning Herald. 8 February 2004. Retrieved 9 June 2007.
- ^ a b Theobald, Marjorie R. (2020). The Accidental Town : Castlemaine, 1851-1861. North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing. ISBN 9781925984354. OCLC 1143738198.
- ^ McKimmie, Ken (2011). Chewton then and now : a series of studies investigating change over time in the former Mount Alexander goldfield town of Forest Creek, later known as Chewton. Chewton: Castlemaine. ISBN 9780987140937. OCLC 780103217.
- ^ Phoenix Auctions History. "Post Office List". Retrieved 25 March 2021.
- ^ Hocking, Geoff (1994). Castlemaine : from camp to city : a pictorial history of Forest Creek & the Mount Alexander Goldfields, 1835-1900. Five Mile Press. ISBN 0-86788-840-7. OCLC 34325111.
- ^ "The Chewton Oriental Branch Bank". Mount Alexander Mail. No. 1030. 28 March 1862. p. 5 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Davies, Peter; Lawrence, Susan (2013). "The Garfield water wheel: hydraulic power on the Victorian goldfields" (PDF). Australasian Historical Archaeology. 31: 25–32.
- ^ "Garfield Wheel and Northern Castlemaine Diggings". www.parks.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Chewton Domain Society". Australian Heritage. Hallmark edition. Archived from the original on 8 September 2007. Retrieved 11 June 2007.
- ^ Ridnell, Johnathan; Printz, Jo (16 October 2006). "Chewton Folk Festival moving to Newstead?". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 9 June 2007. [permanent dead link]
- ^ "Traffic". Newsrail. Australian Railway Historical Society. September 1976. p. 198.
External links
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Gallery
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Richard Daintree and Antoine Fauchery (circa 1858) A gang of diggers at Forrest Creek, Chewton -
Richard Daintree, Castlemaine gold diggings on 15 January 1858, Forrest Creek -
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