Wikipedia

Ayn Rand Institute

The Ayn Rand Institute: The Center for the Advancement of Objectivism, commonly known as the Ayn Rand Institute (ARI), is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit think tank in Santa Ana, California, that promotes Objectivism, the philosophy developed by Ayn Rand. The organization was established in 1985, three years after Rand's death, by businessman Ed Snider and Leonard Peikoff, Rand's legal heir.

Ayn Rand Institute
Formation1985; 39 years ago (1985)
TypeResearch and education organization
22-2570926
Legal status501(c)(3) public charity
Focuspromote ideas related to Ayn Rand's philosophy
HeadquartersSanta Ana, California, U.S.[1][2]
Coordinates33°41′47″N 117°51′59″W / 33.6964°N 117.8663°W / 33.6964; -117.8663
CEO
Tal Tsfany
Websiteari.aynrand.org

Ideas promoted by the Ayn Rand Institute include atheism, capitalism, and individual rights. The ARI has supported the American Tea Party movement and opposed the United States' wars against Afghanistan and Iraq.[3][4] A critic of government spending, the organization took a federal loan of between $350,000 and $1 million in 2020 under the Paycheck Protection Program.[5][6][7]

The institute's stated goal is to "create a culture whose guiding principles are reason, rational self-interest, individualism and laissez-faire capitalism."[8] ARI has several educational and outreach programs, which include providing intellectuals for public appearances, supporting Objectivist campus clubs, supplying Rand's writings to schools and professors, assisting overseas Objectivist institutions, organizing annual conferences and running the Objectivist Academic Center.[9][10]

History

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Peikoff, her legal heir, was convinced to found the Ayn Rand Institute after businessman Ed Snider organized a meeting of possible financial supporters in New York in the fall of 1983.[11] Peikoff then agreed to be the first chairman of the organization's board of directors.[12]

In 1983, a group of Objectivists, including George Reisman, organized the Jefferson School of Philosophy, Economics and Politics. The Jefferson School held a two-week-long conference at the University of California, San Diego later that year, a conference which continued to occur every two years and is the predecessor of ARI's current annual Objectivist Conference.[13]

ARI began operations on February 1, 1985, three years after Rand's death, in Marina del Rey, California. The first board of directors included Snider and psychologist Edith Packer. Snider was also one of the founding donors for the organization along with educational entrepreneur Carl Barney.[13][12] Its first executive director was Michael Berliner, who was previously the chairman of the Department of Social and Philosophical Foundations of Education at California State University, Northridge. ARI also established a board of governors, which initially included Harry Binswanger, Robert Hessen, Edwin Locke, Arthur Mode, George Reisman, Jay Snider, and Mary Ann Sures, with Peter Schwartz as its chairman.[14] M. Northrup Buechner and George Walsh joined the board of advisors shortly thereafter.[15]

ARI's first two projects were aimed at students. One was developing a network of college clubs to study Objectivism. The other was a college scholarship contest for high-school students based on writing an essay about Rand's novel The Fountainhead.[15] Later, additional essay contests were added based on Anthem,[16] We the Living and Atlas Shrugged.[17][18][third-party source needed] In 1988, ARI began publishing Impact, a newsletter for contributors.[19]

In 1989, a philosophical dispute resulted in ARI ending its association with philosopher David Kelley.[20] Some members of the board of advisors agreed with Kelley and also left, including George Walsh.[21] Kelley subsequently founded his own competing institute now known as The Atlas Society, which remains critical of ARI's stance on strict loyalty to Rand's principles.[22]

In 1994, ARI launched the Objectivist Graduate Center, which offered both distance-learning and in-person courses.[13]

In January 2000, Berliner retired as executive director, replaced by Yaron Brook,[9] then an assistant professor of finance at Santa Clara University. Onkar Ghate began working for ARI later that year and ARI launched the Objectivist Academic Center.[13]

In 2002, ARI moved from Marina del Rey to larger offices in Irvine, California.[4] In 2003, ARI launched the Anthem Fellowship for the Study of Objectivism, a fellowship that financially supports universities who have Objectivist professors.[13]

Charity Navigator, which rates charitable and educational organizations to inform potential donors, gives ARI two out of four stars in 2020.[23] As of September 2021, ARI's board of directors consists of Brook; Tsfany; Harry Binswanger, philosopher and long-time associate of Rand; Tara Smith, professor of philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin;[24] and John Allison, board member and former CEO of the Cato Institute and former CEO of BB&T.;[25] Larry Salzman of the Pacific Legal Foundation; Tim Blum, a Chicago real-estate developer; Robert Mayhew, professor of philosophy at Seton Hall University; Jim Brown, CFA; Onkar Ghate, Chief Philosophy Officer of the institute.

Peikoff retains a cooperative and influential relationship with ARI.[26] In 2006, he remarked that he approved of the work ARI has done[27] and in November 2010 that the executive director "has done a splendid job".[28] Peikoff was a featured speaker at the 2007 and 2010 Objectivist Conferences.[29] In August 2010, he demanded a change to ARI's board of directors, resulting in the resignation of John McCaskey.[30]

A central goal for ARI throughout the 2010s has been to spread Objectivism globally. ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Center Israel in 2012, the Ayn Rand Institute Europe in 2015 [31] and the Ayn Rand Center Japan in 2017. Each of these organizations are separate legal entities from the United States-based ARI, but they are all affiliated with ARI.

In January 2017, ARI announced Jim Brown as its CEO, succeeding Yaron Brook as its operational executive.[32] In June 2018, Tal Tsfany, co-founder of the Ayn Rand Center Israel, took over as the president and CEO of ARI.[33]

In 2020, ARI received a Paycheck Protection Program loan of between $350K and $1 million,[34][1][35] which Binswanger and Ghate described as "partial restitution for government-inflicted losses".[36] The decision was criticized due to the incongruity of some organizations previously opposed to federal spending receiving the funds during the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting economic impact on small businesses.[35]

Programs

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ARI runs a variety of programs, many of which are aimed at students. It sends free books to schools,[9] sponsors student essay contests and campus clubs and offers financial assistance to students applying to graduate school.[10][18] It also has an online bookstore, offers internships for current and recently graduated college students and provides speakers[9] for public lectures and media appearances.[37]

Ideas promoted

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ARI promotes Objectivism, the philosophy developed by Ayn Rand. ARI sponsors writers and speakers who apply Objectivism to contemporary issues, including philosophy, politics and art.[38]

Since Objectivism advocates atheism, ARI promotes the separation of church and state and its writers argue that the religious right poses a threat to individual rights.[citation needed] They have argued against displaying religious symbols such as the Ten Commandments in government facilities[39] and against faith-based initiatives.[40] ARI intellectuals argue that religion is incompatible with American ideals[41] and opposes the teaching of "intelligent design" in public schools.[42]

ARI is strongly supportive of free speech and opposes all forms of censorship, including laws that ban obscenity and hate speech.[43][44] In response to the Muhammad cartoons controversy, ARI started a Free Speech Campaign in 2006.[45] Steve Simpson, formerly director of legal studies at ARI, has argued that campaign finance is a free speech issue and that laws that limit it are a violation of the First Amendment. Accordingly, Simpson and ARI strongly supports Citizens United.[46][47]

ARI holds that the motivation for Islamic terrorism comes from their religiosity, not poverty or a reaction to Western policies.[48] They have urged that the United States use overwhelming, retaliatory force to "end states who sponsor terrorism", using whatever means are necessary to end the threat.[49] In his article "End States Who Sponsor Terrorism", which was published as a full page ad in The New York Times, Peikoff wrote: "The choice today is mass death in the United States or mass death in the terrorist nations. Our Commander-In-Chief must decide whether it is his duty to save Americans or the governments who conspire to kill them." Although some at ARI initially supported the invasion of Iraq, it has criticized how the Iraq War was handled.[50] Since October 2, 2001, ARI has held that Iran should be the primary target in the war against "Islamic totalitarianism".[49]

ARI is generally supportive of Israel.[51] Of Zionism, Yaron Brook writes: "Zionism fused a valid concern – self-preservation amid a storm of hostility – with a toxic premise – ethnically based collectivism and religion."[52] ARI is highly critical of environmentalism and animal rights, arguing that they are destructive to human well-being.[53][54] ARI is also highly critical of diversity and affirmative action programs as well as multiculturalism, arguing that they are based on racist premises that ignore the commonality of a shared humanity.[55][56] ARI supports women's right to choose abortion,[57] voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide.[58]

ARI denounces neoconservatism in general. For example, C. Bradley Thompson wrote an article entitled "The Decline and Fall of American Conservatism",[59] which was later turned with Yaron Brook into a book called Neoconservatism: An Obituary for an Idea.[60]

Programs and activism

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In October 2012, ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Center Israel (ARCI) to promote Objectivism in Israel and the Middle East.[61] Its current director is Boaz Arad. In 2016, ARCI launched the Atlas Award for the Best Israeli Start-up, presented annually at the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange.[62] Judges for the award include Yaron Brook and Shlomo Kalish.[63] Moovit was the first recipient of the award in 2016 and Zebra Medical Vision won the award in 2017.[61]

The Jewish Chronicle and the Jerusalem Post described ARI as a right-wing organization.[64][7]

In April 2015, ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Institute Europe to promote Objectivism in Europe.[65] The current chairman of ARI Europe is Lars Seir Christensen, CEO and co-founder of Saxo Bank.[65] In February 2017, ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Center Japan.[66] ARI has also helped guide the independent Spain-based Objetivismo Internacional, which seeks to spread Objectivism in the Spanish-speaking world.[67]

The Atlas Award

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The stated goal of the Ayn Rand Institute Atlas Award is to encourage entrepreneurship. The institute states it is awarded to honour the most innovative entrepreneur who through wealth building and life enhancing enterprise ambition uses their technological developments to make the "world a better place" which reflects the essence of Ayn Rand's philosophy connecting these values "to one of the best parts of the Israeli economy".[61][68] CEO of Moovit Nir Erez, the recipient of the award in 2016, sought to distance himself from controversial politics surrounding the Institute and award, stating “We are purely trying to focus on transportation and moving, not on political issues. On the contrary, we would like to be as apolitical as possible.”[61]

Recipients include:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Coster, Helen. (July 7, 2020). In sign of the times, Ayn Rand Institute approved for PPP loan. Reuters. Archived July 8, 2020, at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ^ "Contact Us". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  3. ^ Carroll, Rory (August 17, 2012). "Ayn Rand Institute finds dilemma in radical author's evolving legacy". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  4. ^ a b Letran, Vivian (June 7, 2002). "Ayn Rand Institute to Move to Orange County". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  5. ^ Solender, Andrew. "Vocal Opponents Of Federal Spending Took PPP Loans, Including Ayn Rand Institute, Grover Norquist Group". Forbes. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  6. ^ "Follow the Money". The New York Times. July 7, 2020. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  7. ^ a b "Libertarians among us: The groups pushing Libertarian ideology in Israel". The Jerusalem Post. April 8, 2023. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  8. ^ Lacy, Akela (December 21, 2021). "Right-Wing Groups Opposed to Government Aid Cashed In While Collecting PPP Loans". The Intercept. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  9. ^ a b c d Register Staff Writer; Sforza, Teri. "OC's 'rationally-selfish' Ayn Rand Institute thrives despite recession". Orange County Register. Archived from the original on June 10, 2022. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
  10. ^ a b "Overview". Ayn Rand Institute. August 17, 2009. Archived from the original on January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 19, 2007.
  11. ^ Merrill, Ronald E. (2013). Ayn Rand Explained: From Tyranny to Tea Party. Chicago: Open Court. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-8126-9798-8.
  12. ^ a b "Announcements". The Objectivist Forum. 5 (6): 13–15. December 1984.
  13. ^ a b c d e "The Ayn Rand Institute's First Thirty Years (OCON 2015)". YouTube. Archived from the original on May 24, 2019. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
  14. ^ "Announcements". The Objectivist Forum. 6 (1): 13. February 1985.
  15. ^ a b Berliner, Michael S. (October 1985). "Report from the Ayn Rand Institute". The Objectivist Forum. 6 (5): 14–15.
  16. ^ Mills, Andrea (September 8, 2014). "Young essay writers are latest success story for Portola class". Orange County Register. California: Southern California News Group. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Retrieved June 10, 2022. Andrea Badillo, left, and Vanessa Flores, with their eighth-grade English teacher Michael Boucher, show their Ayn Rand Institute "Anthem" essay competition certificates.
  17. ^ Chandler, Michael Alison (April 1, 2014). "Students look for scholarships in some unusual places". The Washington Post. Gale General OneFile. Gale A363557378. The Klingon Language Institute has a scholarship for students pursuing language study, earthly or alien; the United States Bowling Congress gives grants to promising young bowlers; and the Ayn Rand Institute rewards essay writers who are adept at deconstructing her novels, such as "The Fountainhead" and "Atlas Shrugged."
  18. ^ a b "Essay Contests". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on July 26, 2011. Retrieved August 22, 2011.
  19. ^ "Announcements". The Objectivist Forum. 8 (6): 14. December 1987.
  20. ^ Kelley, David (2000). The Contested Legacy of Ayn Rand: Truth and Toleration in Objectivism (paperback ed.). New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. p. 15. ISBN 0-7658-0863-3. OCLC 44727861.
  21. ^ Walsh, George (November 17, 1989). "A Statement". The Intellectual Activist. 5 (3): 5.
  22. ^ Thomas, William R. "TAS vs. ARI: A Question of Objectivity and Independence". The Atlas Society. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
  23. ^ "Charity Navigator Rating – The Ayn Rand Institute". Charity Navigator. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
  24. ^ "Tara A. Smith". Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
  25. ^ McDuffee, Allen (June 26, 2012). "Koch brothers, Cato Institute announce terms of settlement". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 27, 2012. Retrieved June 28, 2012.
  26. ^ Brook, Yaron. "The Ayn Rand Institute: A Statement from ARI about the Resignation of John McCaskey from Our Board of Directors". Archived from the original on October 18, 2011. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
  27. ^ Peikoff, Leonard (2004). Leonard Peikoff: In His Own Words (DVD). Northern River Productions. ISBN 0-9734653-2-8.
  28. ^ Peikoff, Leonard (November 5, 2010). "Peikoff vs. an ARI Board Member". Archived from the original on December 18, 2010.
  29. ^ "Objectivist Conferences". Archived from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  30. ^ McCaskey, John P. (September 3, 2010). "My resignation from the Board of Directors of the Ayn Rand Institute and of the Anthem Foundation for Objectivist Scholarship". Archived from the original on June 28, 2013. Retrieved May 24, 2013.
  31. ^ "Adam Smith Institute announcement on the founding of ARI Europe". Archived from the original on June 4, 2019. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  32. ^ Holleran, Scott (February 17, 2017). "Jim Brown, new Ayn Rand Institute CEO: 'Culture and society out there can look pretty irrational. Just look at the last election'". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  33. ^ Biddle, Craig (March 28, 2018). "Tal Tsfany: Next President and CEO of the Ayn Rand Institute". TheObjectiveStandard.com. Archived from the original on April 5, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
  34. ^ Hirsch, Lauren; Pramuck, Jacob (July 6, 2020). "Trump administration releases list of companies that received most money from small business bailout loans". CNBC. Comcast. Archived from the original on July 12, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2022.
  35. ^ a b Solender, Andrew. "Vocal Opponents Of Federal Spending Took PPP Loans, Including Ayn Rand Institute, Grover Norquist Group". Forbes. Archived from the original on July 8, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
  36. ^ Binswanger, Harry; Ghate, Onkar (May 15, 2020). "To Take or Not to Take". New Ideal. Archived from the original on July 6, 2020. Retrieved July 6, 2020.
  37. ^ "Student Clubs". Ayn Rand Institute. August 17, 2009. Archived from the original on February 20, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2007.
  38. ^ "Ayn Rand Center: Op-Eds". Archived from the original on August 29, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  39. ^ Binswanger, Harry (October 25, 2004). "The Ten Commandments vs. America". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on October 1, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  40. ^ Epstein, Alex (February 4, 2003). "Faith-Based Initiatives Are an Assault on Secular Government". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on September 28, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  41. ^ Peikoff, Leonard (November 11, 2002). "Religion vs. America". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on September 28, 2009. Retrieved August 18, 2009. Reprint of a speech delivered by Peikoff at the Ford Hall Forum in 1986.
  42. ^ Lockitch, Keith (December 11, 2005). ""Intelligent Design" Is about Religion versus Reason". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  43. ^ Driver, Eve. "Free Speech Can't Become a "Conservative" Value". HarvardPolitics.com. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  44. ^ Simpson, Steve (January 7, 2017). "Charlie Hebdo two years later: Will America continue to protect free speech?". TheHill.com. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  45. ^ "Highlights from the first 25 years" (PDF). Impact. 16 (2). The Ayn Rand Institute. February 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 12, 2013.
  46. ^ Simpson, Steve (September 6, 2016). "Overturning Citizens United would be a disaster for free speech". TheHill.com. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  47. ^ Simpson, Steve; Sherman, Paul (May 19, 2011). "Stephen Colbert's Free Speech Problem". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  48. ^ Epstein, Alex (July 26, 2005). "The Terrorists' Motivation: Islam". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  49. ^ a b Peikoff, Leonard (October 2, 2001). "End States Who Sponsor Terrorism". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on June 25, 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  50. ^ Epstein, Alex (May 28, 2006). "What We Owe Our Soldiers". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  51. ^ Tracinski, Robert (April 1, 2002). "We Are Either With Israel, Or We Are With the Terrorists". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on October 1, 2009. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  52. ^ Arfa, Orit (July 12, 2007). "You don't fight a tactic". Jerusalem Post Online Edition. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  53. ^ Schwartz, Peter (April 23, 1999). "Man vs. Nature". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on December 19, 2008. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  54. ^ Locke, Edwin. "Animal 'Rights' and the New Man Haters". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on January 14, 2009. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  55. ^ "Multiculturalism: The New Racism". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on September 26, 2009. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  56. ^ "Racism and Diversity". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on January 14, 2009. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  57. ^ Woiceshyn, Glenn (April 24, 2000). "Supreme Court Should Protect Right to Abortion in Current Partial-Birth Case". Capitalism Magazine. Archived from the original on January 14, 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  58. ^ Epstein, Alex (April 1, 2005). "A Culture of Living Death". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on September 26, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
  59. ^ Thompson, C. Bradley (Fall 2006). "The Decline and Fall of American Conservatism". The Objective Standard. 1 (3). Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
  60. ^ Laughlin, Burgess (Fall 2010). "Neoconservatism: An Obituary for an Idea by C. Bradley Thompson with Yaron Brook". The Objective Standard. 5 (3). Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
  61. ^ a b c d e Elis, Niv (May 19, 2016). "Ayn Rand-inspired start-up award debuts in Israel, but carries controversy". JPost.com. Archived from the original on May 22, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2022. Brook acknowledged that there was some seeming contradiction between Rand's philosophy and the story of Israel's high-tech success, which has by many accounts benefited from government support for research and development, private-public partnerships and guarantees that helped launch the country's venture capital environment. The nomination for the prize, for example, did not require companies to have forgone any kind of government grants, subsidized credit, government- backed accelerators, and so on.
  62. ^ Shapira, Ariel. "Tech Talk: Israel's Fortune 500 companies". JPost.com. Archived from the original on November 9, 2017. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
  63. ^ "In spirit of Ayn Rand, Israeli entrepreneurship to get a boost". TimesofIsrael.com. Archived from the original on February 21, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
  64. ^ "Masked protesters halt campus event featuring Israeli speaker". The Jewish Chronicle. 2018. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  65. ^ a b "The Ayn Rand Institute Europe". AdamSmith.org. Archived from the original on October 22, 2017. Retrieved July 12, 2017.
  66. ^ "About ARCJ". Ayn Rand Center Japan. Archived from the original on July 2, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  67. ^ "About Us". Objetivismo.org. Archived from the original on October 8, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  68. ^ "Ayn Rand Center Israel Presents Atlas Award to Best Israeli Startup Company". The Ayn Rand Institute. May 20, 2016. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
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