ATF3

Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATF3 gene.

ATF3
Identifiers
Aliases	ATF3, activating transcription factor 3
External IDs	OMIM: 603148; MGI: 109384; HomoloGene: 1265; GeneCards: ATF3; OMA:ATF3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) Band 1q32.3 Start 212,565,334 bp End 212,620,777 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) Band 1 H6|1 96.28 cM Start 190,902,493 bp End 190,950,236 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in vena cava gastric mucosa gallbladder saphenous vein trachea urethra pericardium skin of thigh left uterine tube cardia Top expressed in granulocyte plantaris muscle lumbar spinal ganglion islet of Langerhans intestinal villus jejunum muscle of thigh stroma of bone marrow sciatic nerve endocardial cushion More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transcription cis-regulatory region binding protein homodimerization activity protein binding RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific protein heterodimerization activity identical protein binding DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific DNA binding transcription corepressor activity DNA-binding transcription factor activity RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component nucleolus nucleoplasm CHOP-ATF3 complex nucleus Biological process regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress positive regulation of cell population proliferation skeletal muscle cell differentiation regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to arsenic-containing substance gluconeogenesis cellular response to amino acid starvation negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated regulation of transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of gene expression PERK-mediated unfolded protein response positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 467 11910 Ensembl ENSG00000162772 ENSMUSG00000026628 UniProt P18847 Q60765 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001030287 NM_001040619 NM_001206484 NM_001206485 NM_001206486 NM_001206488 NM_001674 NM_004024 NM_007498 RefSeq (protein) NP_001025458 NP_001035709 NP_001193413 NP_001193415 NP_001193417 NP_001665 NP_031524 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 212.57 – 212.62 Mb Chr 1: 190.9 – 190.95 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

Activating transcription factor 3 is a member of the mammalian activation transcription factor/cAMP responsive element-binding (CREB) protein family of transcription factors. Multiple transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. The longer isoform represses rather than activates transcription from promoters with ATF binding elements. The shorter isoform (deltaZip2) lacks the leucine zipper protein-dimerization motif and does not bind to DNA, and it stimulates transcription, it is presumed, by sequestering inhibitory co-factors away from the promoter. It is possible that alternative splicing of the ATF3 gene may be physiologically important in the regulation of target genes.

Clinical significance

ATF-3 is induced upon physiological stress in various tissues. It is also a marker of regeneration following injury of dorsal root ganglion neurons, as injured regenerating neurons activate this transcription factor. Functional validation studies have shown that ATF3 can promote regeneration of peripheral neurons, but is not capable of promoting regeneration of central nervous system neurons.

See also

• Activating transcription factor

Interactions

ATF3 has been shown to interact with:

• C-jun,
• DDIT3
• JunD,
• P53, and
• SMAD3.

Further reading

• Hai TW, Liu F, Coukos WJ, Green MR (December 1989). "Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers". Genes & Development. 3 (12B): 2083–90. doi:10.1101/gad.3.12b.2083. PMID 2516827.
• Kaszubska W, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Ghersa P, DeRaemy-Schenk AM, Chen BP, Hai T, DeLamarter JF, Whelan J (November 1993). "Cyclic AMP-independent ATF family members interact with NF-kappa B and function in the activation of the E-selectin promoter in response to cytokines". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 13 (11): 7180–90. doi:10.1128/MCB.13.11.7180. PMC 364779. PMID 7692236.
• Chu HM, Tan Y, Kobierski LA, Balsam LB, Comb MJ (January 1994). "Activating transcription factor-3 stimulates 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent gene expression". Molecular Endocrinology. 8 (1): 59–68. doi:10.1210/mend.8.1.8152431. PMID 8152431.
• Liang G, Wolfgang CD, Chen BP, Chen TH, Hai T (January 1996). "ATF3 gene. Genomic organization, promoter, and regulation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (3): 1695–701. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.3.1695. PMID 8576171.
• Chen BP, Wolfgang CD, Hai T (March 1996). "Analysis of ATF3, a transcription factor induced by physiological stresses and modulated by gadd153/Chop10". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 16 (3): 1157–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.16.3.1157. PMC 231098. PMID 8622660.
• Hagmeyer BM, Duyndam MC, Angel P, de Groot RP, Verlaan M, Elfferich P, van der Eb A, Zantema A (March 1996). "Altered AP-1/ATF complexes in adenovirus-E1-transformed cells due to EIA-dependent induction of ATF3". Oncogene. 12 (5): 1025–32. PMID 8649793.
• Allan AL, Albanese C, Pestell RG, LaMarre J (July 2001). "Activating transcription factor 3 induces DNA synthesis and expression of cyclin D1 in hepatocytes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (29): 27272–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103196200. PMID 11375399.
• Zhang C, Kawauchi J, Adachi MT, Hashimoto Y, Oshiro S, Aso T, Kitajima S (December 2001). "Activation of JNK and transcriptional repressor ATF3/LRF1 through the IRE1/TRAF2 pathway is implicated in human vascular endothelial cell death by homocysteine". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 289 (3): 718–24. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6044. PMID 11726207.
• Yan C, Wang H, Boyd DD (March 2002). "ATF3 represses 72-kDa type IV collagenase (MMP-2) expression by antagonizing p53-dependent trans-activation of the collagenase promoter". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (13): 10804–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112069200. PMID 11792711.
• Shaheduzzaman S, Krishnan V, Petrovic A, Bittner M, Meltzer P, Trent J, Venkatesan S, Zeichner S (2002). "Effects of HIV-1 Nef on cellular gene expression profiles". Journal of Biomedical Science. 9 (1): 82–96. doi:10.1007/BF02256581. PMID 11810028.
• Hashimoto Y, Zhang C, Kawauchi J, Imoto I, Adachi MT, Inazawa J, Amagasa T, Hai T, Kitajima S (June 2002). "An alternatively spliced isoform of transcriptional repressor ATF3 and its induction by stress stimuli". Nucleic Acids Research. 30 (11): 2398–406. doi:10.1093/nar/30.11.2398. PMC 117192. PMID 12034827.
• Kawauchi J, Zhang C, Nobori K, Hashimoto Y, Adachi MT, Noda A, Sunamori M, Kitajima S (October 2002). "Transcriptional repressor activating transcription factor 3 protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells from tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis through down-regulation of p53 transcription". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (41): 39025–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202974200. PMID 12161427.
• Zhang C, Gao C, Kawauchi J, Hashimoto Y, Tsuchida N, Kitajima S (October 2002). "Transcriptional activation of the human stress-inducible transcriptional repressor ATF3 gene promoter by p53". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 297 (5): 1302–10. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02382-3. PMID 12372430.
• Fan F, Jin S, Amundson SA, Tong T, Fan W, Zhao H, Zhu X, Mazzacurati L, Li X, Petrik KL, Fornace AJ, Rajasekaran B, Zhan Q (October 2002). "ATF3 induction following DNA damage is regulated by distinct signaling pathways and over-expression of ATF3 protein suppresses cells growth". Oncogene. 21 (49): 7488–96. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205896. PMID 12386811.
• Nobori K, Ito H, Tamamori-Adachi M, Adachi S, Ono Y, Kawauchi J, Kitajima S, Marumo F, Isobe M (October 2002). "ATF3 inhibits doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes: a novel cardioprotective role of ATF3". Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. 34 (10): 1387–97. doi:10.1006/jmcc.2002.2091. PMID 12392999.
• Kang Y, Chen CR, Massagué J (April 2003). "A self-enabling TGFbeta response coupled to stress signaling: Smad engages stress response factor ATF3 for Id1 repression in epithelial cells". Molecular Cell. 11 (4): 915–26. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00109-6. PMID 12718878.
• Newman JR, Keating AE (June 2003). "Comprehensive identification of human bZIP interactions with coiled-coil arrays". Science. 300 (5628): 2097–101. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2097N. doi:10.1126/science.1084648. PMID 12805554. S2CID 36715183.
• Kool J, Hamdi M, Cornelissen-Steijger P, van der Eb AJ, Terleth C, van Dam H (July 2003). "Induction of ATF3 by ionizing radiation is mediated via a signaling pathway that includes ATM, Nibrin1, stress-induced MAPkinases and ATF-2". Oncogene. 22 (27): 4235–42. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206611. PMID 12833146.

External links

• Human ATF3 genome location and ATF3 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• ATF3+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• FactorBook ATF3

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.