Questions tagged [reactive-power]
Reactive power (measured in vars) is present in a system containing reactive (inductive or capacitive) components and can be either produced or consumed by different load/generation elements. Though "imaginary", the reactive power has great physical significance and is essential to the operation of the electrical system as a whole.
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Why is it said that inductor absorbs reactive power and capacitor delivers reactive power?
It is said that reactive power is that power that oscillates between the source and the load. The reactive power stored by an inductor or capacitor is supplied back to the source by it. So, since both ...
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Complex Power Conservation or "Boucherot's Theorem" - a proof without Nodal Analysis
Brief Question
I'm trying to figure out a proof for the Complex Power Conservation Theorem, which does not use Nodal Analysis.
Theory I know
In my university this theorem has ben taught with the name &...
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Why does my variac have only 60 mA of magnetization current?
I bought a 3 kVA variac (230 V in, 0-300 V out, 10 A max). I made some tests, including a load test (it seems to withstand the advertised 10 A without overheating), energy efficiency test (over 97% at ...
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What is the reactive power of a capacitive circuit?
I want to understand the reactive power in a purely capacitive load. Surprisingly, I couldn't find the formula for this anywhere, so I derived it myself, and would like to ask 1. Is this formula ...
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How do ideal inductors dissipate high frequency noise?
I'm confused about the behavior of ideal inductors. As I understand, inductors provide a high impedance towards high frequency signals, which greatly reduces the noise.
How is the reactive energy lost?...
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Reactive power calculation: what did I do wrong?
I calculated the question and I did not get the same answer as in the book. Could someone please explain why my method is not correct?
Question:
My solution:
Book solution:
The problem is from the ...
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Can reactive power be explained with phase shift?
I have learned about the phase shift between voltage and current which occurs in circuits with capacitors. For inductors I don't understand yet why phase shift occurs.
I have further learned that ...
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Balancing inductive and capacitative phase shift
The following statements are results of my research:
If a circuit contains an inductor or capacitor there is reactive power.
The vector product of reactive power and actual power is the apparent power....
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Why do inductors and capacitors cause phase shifts between current and voltage? [closed]
I am learning about grid level stabilization services.
My native language is German and I am translating the specific terminology. If I use the English terms incorrectly please edit my below sentences....
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Can reactive current in an AC circuit dissipate through another resistive load which is connected parallel in same circuit?
Two loads are connected in parallel to an AC circuit, one is inductive and the other is purely resistive. As per the nature of an inductive load, it will return the reactive power at end of each half ...
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Where does the RF power go that is sent to a reactive portion of an antenna?
The impedance of an antenna can be lumped-represented as Rr (radiation resistance), Ro (ohmic resistance), XL (inductive reactance), and XC (capacitive reactance). The incident power from a generator ...
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System of First Order ODEs for a Parallel RLC Circuit
I understand the behaviour of an RLC Circuit in Series can be modelled by the equation:
$$
L \frac{d^2Q}{dt^2}+R\frac{dQ}{dt}+\frac{Q}{C}=0
$$
Which can be represented by the system of First Order ...
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How to find the active (real) power of source A of this circuit?
What is making difficult here for me is the fact that the two voltage sources are in series (or I think that they are). This is something which I did not face before. I am well aware of why Source A ...
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Reversal of power through a electric transmission line
From my undergraduate classes I know that active power flows from the bus with the higher power angle \$\delta\$ to the bus with a lower power angle. If I want to reverse the direction of power flow I ...
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Interpreting Changes in Software Energy Consumption During the Day: Seeking Insight on Patterned Peaks and Valleys
My group and I are currently studying the energy consumption of software as part of our master's degree in computer science. Specifically, we are looking at how to measure it accurately and interpret ...
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How do we define which uses or supplies the power and reactive power?
There are two ideal voltage sources \$E_1= \angle 0°\$ and \$E_2=\angle 30°\$, \$E_1\$ and \$E_2\$ are not in phase, and there is an impedance \$z=5+0\mathrm{j~Ω}\$. The schematic is as below:
\$S_1=...
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What is reactive power for a circuit at its resonance frequency?
Many sources I've read state that reactive power is important because it helps maintain voltage and magnetic fields in inductors, but in a circuit at its resonance frequency, the inductive and ...
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Why does reactive power bounce back and forth between a source and load, while active power does not?
I am trying to understand the difference between active and reactive power. Reactive power is said to be "wasted" because it is constantly alternating between a source and load in AC power ...
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Elliptic filter - implementation deviates from the design and simulation
I have designed a 7th-order elliptic filter using this online tool.
Cut off frequency - 15 MHz
Pass band ripple - 0.1 dB
Stop band attenuation - 70 dB
I've asked it to use tge standard inductor value ...
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Can I measure induction motor parameters with measurement tools?
I want to simulate a induction motor in ngspice so I need to model the induction motor as described here. I must calculate the model parameters as described here.
My questions are:
Can I measure the ...
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Calculating the reactive current supplied to the grid by a generator
I have a calculation I don't really understand. Can someone help me to understand how this goes?
I have to calculate that I reactive power.
G = generator
M1 =tranformer
M2 = transformer2
johto = ...
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How can an ideal motor do any work when the average of instantaneous power over one cycle is zero? [closed]
The attached screenshot illustrates the instantaneous power delivered to a purely inductive load as a function of time. How does an ideal motor (or perhaps some other purely inductive load) do any ...
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What happens if there is a reactive power imbalance in a large grid?
Consider the Continental Europe power grid.
Supposing there is a 1 GW of active power imbalance in the grid. This would lead to a frequency drop/rise in the whole grid at steady-state.
What happens ...
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Reactive power fluctuation
We have 6 Caterpillar gas generators 3520c.
One of them when synches with the grid. Its kVAR fluctuates over wide range and the aux voltage too and the excitation volt and current. We checked AVR and ...
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What is the real and apparent power of these steel cutters?
The US market model of this steel cutter is 120 VAC, 13.0 Amp.
The NZ market model is 230 VAC, 1,100 W.
I am trying to wrap my head around whether 1,100 W is the real power and so whether the apparent ...
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How does negative (or export) kVAR and kW affect maximum demand charges?
I am trying to calculate enegy costs using data from an energy meter that provides me with halfhourly data points for the following 4 channels:
Import kW
Export kW
Import kVAr
Export kVAr
and in ...
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How to calculate reactive power of a capacitor with a current waveform which consists of a sum of sinusoids?
Assume that there is a current which consists of a sum of sinusoids flowing through a capacitor with capacitance C.
How to calculate its reactive power?
It is quite simple with a pure sine wave but ...
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Why does reactive power injection mitigate sagging grid voltage?
I understand that reactive power injection can be used by generators to support the grid voltage when sagging, but I’ve never understood why this works. I thought it could be charging transmission ...
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Reactive power and eletro-mechanical analogy
Regarding this question, I will try to use the analogy of the differential equations $$F = m\frac{dv}{dt}$$ and $$V = L\frac{dI}{dt}$$ and $$w = \int Fv dt$$ with $$w = \int VI dt$$ to figure out the ...
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Is the association of useful work to active power a convention?
I know that there are many questions about reactive power. What I am trying to understand is what is sometimes called useful work associated to active power, compared to no useful work for reactive ...
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Why is apparent power more important\relevant than maximum instantaneous power?
Given an AC circuit, the instantaneous power in the circuit can be determined by the formula
$$P(t)=\frac {VmIm}2cos(\theta)+\frac {VmIm}2cos(\theta)cos(wt)-\frac {VmIm}2sin(\theta)sin(wt)$$
where \$ \...
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Short circuit analysis
Im given the next distribution line with a generator and a load
The generator is set at \$23\,kV\$ the line impedance is \$9.5\Omega +j19.055\Omega\$ and the aparent power is \$1.5MW+j2MVars\$ in the ...
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What does mean if there is P+ and Q-?
If in a circuit there is real power positive and reactive power negative, what does mean in terms of power flow?
I undestand that the real power is produced in the generator/source and goes to the ...
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What's the meaning of three-phase reactive power of a three-phase device in balanced sinusoidal conditions?
I'm trying to make physical sense of the three-phase reactive power (a.k.a. total reactive power) for a three-terminal or four-terminal three-phase device (e.g. an AC motor, an AC generator, a load) ...
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Is reactive power periodic in nature? What is the exact difference between active power, average power, and real power?
Consider an RC circuit which is supplied by a sine source
$$v(t)=V_m\cdot \sin(\omega t)$$
The current through the circuit will be
$$i(t)=I_m\cdot \sin(\omega t+\phi) \\
\phi=\arctan \left(\dfrac{1}{\...
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Reactive power in AC circuit
What is meant by reactive power in AC circuits?
Power is joules per second.
Real power is the energy dissipated in the resistor per second.
What is meant by the reactive power? Does this mean the ...
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What is the significance of UPS output power factor?
A UPS's output rating is shown as 2000VA/1800W. I understand that the power factor here is 0.9, but the device or load I will connect to the UPS might have pf<0.9 or pf=1 (for light bulb.) From my ...
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Reducing reactive power by using a resistor
I have a school exercise that goes like this:
Voltage is 230V. Frequency is 50Hz. Inductor is 400mH.
How big of a resistor should be added with the inductor (in a series) to reduce reactive power by ...
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What are the exact meanings of reactive and apparent powers? Do we say they are supplied or consumed?
(The following doubt is from the topic of Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis of electrical circuits)
I understand the meaning of real power - it is the average power consumed (or delivered) by an ...
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Using capacitors to reduce reactive power
I have been trying to understand the concept of reactive power in power systems. From what I have read so far, I understand that any inductive load like a motor needs some reactive power to function (...
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Can battery inverters output reactive power?
This inverter manufacturer's Paper Bad Power Factor? – A reason to oversize your inverter mentions that "inverters can generate reactive power without using any active power."
Can battery inverters ...
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In a transmission line, does the real current interact with reactive impedances?
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
According to the diagram above, if real currents do not interact with reactive impedances, then reactive loads should not worry the ...
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How does oscillation of reactive power take place between source and load?
I have come to read that reactive power is that power which is constantly oscillating between the source and the load.
Can anyone please explain this to me?
Suppose an AC source is connected with an ...
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What is meant by average power in AC circuits?
I read that "The average power is the power averaged over a cycle or number of cycles."
I know that the average value of power for both active and reactive power is a constant number.
Buy I am ...
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Instantaneous and active power in an ideal switch powered by real source and squared wave
This is a somewhat theoretical question, but one that has some impact on power theory.
The circuit in the figure is composed of a real DC source (with non-negligible internal resistance) and feeds a ...
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What is the required VA rating of the transformer in this LTSpice power supply?
I have this circuit that I'm going to build, including the transformer. It is a simple power supply, with RC filters and one choke, I know all the voltages and currents.
Because I will design, wind ...
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How does energy dissipates in a purely reactive circuit?
Suppose in a home, power factor drops to zero. It means that the circuit becomes purely inductive.
If the energy meter is connected at incoming power supply point,will the energy meter still keep on ...
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Understanding equation for the quality factor of an RLC circuit?
In my textbook for a course on Circuit Analysis I came across an equation for the quality-factor of an RLC circuit. However, I don't quite understand their reasoning. The explanation that follows is a ...
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Is there a mathematical proof that reactive power regulates voltage?
So after studying the power triangle and trying to conceptualize real power and reactive power, I seem to have come across a contradiction, at least in my own head. Most explanations disregard ...
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Calculating reactive power on kVAr?
I think I understand how to answer this question but am missing how to do a certain part which stops me from getting their.
For this question this is all I know how to do.
cos-1(0.31) = 71.94°
...
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