The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the
conurbation... more The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the conurbation of Ravenna, Caesarea, and Classe following the establishment of the former provincial city of Ravenna as the sedes imperialis, the seat of the imperial court, in 402 AD. This involves examining factors that affect the current state of urbanization in these cities. The aim of this contribution is to employ socioeconomic approaches to trace the current progress of urban development, archaeological evidence, and ancient sources relating to late ancient settlement and historical maps. Additionally, it aims to establish a guideline for the development of Ravenna. This entails investigating how the city, along with its surrounding suburban area, transformed during the transitional period from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages. Furthermore, the study explores the role of the road and waterway network in this evolution.
European Journal of Post-Classical Archaeologies, 2024
The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the conurbation... more The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the conurbation of Ravenna, Caesarea, and Classe following the establishment of the former provincial city of Ravenna as the sedes imperialis, the seat of the imperial court, in 402 AD. This involves examining factors that affect the current state of urbanization in these cities. The aim of this contribution is to employ socioeconomic approaches to trace the current progress of urban development, archaeological evidence, and ancient sources relating to late ancient settlement and historical maps. Additionally, it aims to establish a guideline for the development of Ravenna. This entails investigating how the city, along with its surrounding suburban area, transformed during the transitional period from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages. Furthermore, the study explores the role of the road and waterway network in this evolution.
in: Ozvěny antiky v srdci Evropy, pp. 229-267, 2023
Apsida kostela Stětí sv. Jana Křtitele v ulici Selská v pražské památkové zóně Stará Hostivař skr... more Apsida kostela Stětí sv. Jana Křtitele v ulici Selská v pražské památkové zóně Stará Hostivař skrývala po mnohá staletí cennou nástěnnou pozdně románskou malbu s vyobrazením Maiestas Domini, Krista v majestátu, a ojedinělou ikonografii Krista vítězícího nad symboly zla, smrti a hříchu v podobě lva a baziliška. Právě v tomto symbolickém zpodobení podrobených nepřátel se můžeme setkat s dávným odkazem antiky, v reminiscencích monumentální reprezentace císaře, vítězícího nad nepřítelem, i v zobrazení vítězného Krista na uměleckých památkách v italské Ravenně, pozdně antickém sedes imperii.
The article focuses on the commercial mechanism in Late Antiquity with special regard paid to the... more The article focuses on the commercial mechanism in Late Antiquity with special regard paid to the Late Antique sedes imperii, Ravenna, and its maritime port of Classe from the point of view of qualitative and quantitative analyses of marble and poery importation through long-distance trade within the Mediterranean. In the 5th and 6th centuries, Ravenna represented an important political, commercial, and cultural centre, involved in interregional sea trade through its port of Classe, and represented asignificant production and redistributive centre. e research is based on archaeological material evidence: the provenance and quantity of imported stone artefacts from the Late Antique complex of S. Severo in Classe, and the provenance of poery finds from the harbour area of Podere Chiavichetta in Classe. The mechanism of commercial exchange of Late AntiqueRavenna and Classe with various regions of the Mediterranean is based on the quantitative and qualitative comparison of imported marble and pottery. The question of the statio marmorum in the port area of Classe is also discussed on the basis of both the archaeological evidence and a comparison with the stone supply from Rome.
Kniha světoznameho italskeho klasickeho filologa a historika L. Canfory odhaluje pozadi složite p... more Kniha světoznameho italskeho klasickeho filologa a historika L. Canfory odhaluje pozadi složite politicke situace Řima v obdobi pozdni republiky. V centru autorova zajmu přitom stoji Iulius Ceasar, řimský statnik a vojevůdce, ktereho Canfora představuje jako jednu z vůbec nejkontroverznějsich postav antiky.
Předmětem dizertační práce je studium obchodních mechanismů pozdně antické Ravenny z hlediska mno... more Předmětem dizertační práce je studium obchodních mechanismů pozdně antické Ravenny z hlediska množství, typu a provenience importovaných kamenných artefaktů (fragmenty architektonické dekorace, obkladových desek, opus sectile, sarkofágů), a to na základě studia archeologického materiálu pocházejícího z lokality basiliky a kláštera San Severo v přístavu Classe (Ravenna). Ravenna představovala v 5. a 6. stol. n. l. významné administrativní a kulturní centrum, v němž se střetávaly prvky západního i východního umění a v němž se soustředil obchod a výroba. Kamenné artefakty pocházející z lokality San Severo v Classe byly analyzovány pomocí archeometrických metod, respektive na základě kombinace archeologického a geologického hlediska (makroskopické, geochemické a mineralo-petrografické analýzy) a dále na základě kvantitativního vyhodnocení. Mnoho vědeckých prací, věnovaných ravennskému umění a pojednávajích také o tématu ravennských "mramorů", často předpokládalo prokonéskou pr...
The article examines a possible interpretation of the iconography of concordia apostolorum, engra... more The article examines a possible interpretation of the iconography of concordia apostolorum, engraved on the left side of the late antique sarcophagus called “Pignatta”, found in the suburb of the late antique sedes imperialis Ravenna (Italy). The sarcophagus has been the subject of continuous scientific discussion related to its Eastern provenance and various iconographical interpretations. The article points an implicit interrelation between the theme of the ecclesiastical concordia of principes apostolorum and the imperial political propaganda emphasizing the unity and inseparability of the Empire and it illustrates this connection on examples and iconographical comparison with other late antique artefacts (e.g. sarcophagi, gold glasses, coinage). It demonstrates that the meaning of concordia apostolorum fits into the framework of mental and political paradigm of the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries when an effort to express the unity of the Church strongly reflected the imperial program and that a common veneration of S. Peter and Paul was broadly diffused also in the East, in Constantinople – a presumed place of origin of the sarcophagus
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2016
Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and ... more Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and sixth centuries. The present study explored the commercial mechanisms of Ravenna in Late Antiquity from the point of view of the marble trade, as well as the trade in other architectural elements. A portion of the research is based on the macroscopic and quantitative study of stone materials (around 1000 fragments) from the Late Antique and medieval complex of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy). The results indicated that the predominant commercial relationships of Ravenna with respect to stone artefacts (marbles, limestones, porphyry, breccia, granites) were orientated mainly towards the regions of Asia Minor, with some trade also occurring in minor quantities with North Africa, Greece, Italy, and France.Three representative marble samples were analysed to make determinations of their provenance. The methods used were based upon a combination of petrographic image analysis, polarizin...
Geologické výzkumy na Moravě a ve Slezsku (GVMS), 2021
The article deals with the provenance of white marbles from the late antique and early medieval e... more The article deals with the provenance of white marbles from the late antique and early medieval ecclesiastical complex of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy), presents the results of an archaeometric study, concerning mineralogical, petrographic and geochemi-cal analyses (X-RAY diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-RAY microanalysis, optical polarization microscopy, determination of the δ13C and δ18O stable isotopic ratios) and compares them with the main databases of Mediterranean white marbles quarried during Late Antiquity. The import of the Proconnesian marble from Marmara Island to the North Adriatic region, Ravenna and Classe not excluded, during Late Antiquity is generally presupposed in the scientific literature. The provenance of five analyzed samples of white-grey marble has been proposed. The results of analyzes indicate their Eastern provenance: four samples have been identified as the Proconnesian marble (Proconnesos 1 or Proconnesos 2). The provenance of one sample does not appear to be entirely certain, in any case, both point to microasiatic provenance: Muğla (Göktepe) or Docimium seem to be the most probable of the considered localities.
Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and ... more Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and sixth centuries. The present study explored the commercial mechanisms of Ravenna in Late Antiquity from the point of view of the marble trade, as well as the trade in other architectural elements. A portion of the research is based on the macroscopic and quantitative study of stone materials (around 1000 fragments) from the Late Antique and medieval complex of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy). The results indicated that the predominant commercial relationships of Ravenna with respect to stone artefacts (marbles, limestones, porphyry, breccia, granites) were orientated mainly towards the regions of Asia Minor, with some trade also occurring in minor quantities with North Africa, Greece, Italy, and France. Three representative marble samples were analysed to make determinations of their provenance. The methods used were based upon a combination of petrographic image analysis, polarizing and cathodoluminescence microscopy of thin sections, and stable isotope geochemistry of carbonates. The Proconnesos and, eventually, other Turkish provenance of the selected samples is considered.
The article aims to present results of the analysis of stone artefacts (fragments of architectura... more The article aims to present results of the analysis of stone artefacts (fragments of architectural decoration, sarcophagi, opus sectile) from the late antique basilica and adjacent medieval monastery of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy). The research is focused on the qualitative and quantitative study of stone artefacts with regards on signs of their reuse. A hypothesis of the application of late antique materials in medieval reconstructions of San Severo monastic complex is discussed on the basis of lithotype and provenance study of stone artefacts and the late antique marble trade in the Mediterranean. INTRODUZIONE IL SIGNIFICATO DI RAVENNA E DEL PORTO DI CLASSE NEL V-X SECOLO Ravenna (Fig. 1) ha vissuto il periodo della sua massima prosperità economica e sviluppo cultu-rale durante il V e VI secolo d.C. come sedes imperialis della Pars Occidentalis, a partire dal trasferi-mento della corte imperiale nel 402 da Milano a Ravenna, causato soprattutto da motivi strategici (buona viabilità, l'accesso immediato al mare) e politici (contatti facilitati con Costantinopoli nonché il suo status di "disembedded capital" come la definisce Deliyannis: Deliyannis 2010, 3, 41, 309). Lo spostamento della sede imperiale determinò alcuni cambiamenti non solo nella città di Ravenna, ma anche nelle zone limitrofe, nell'entroterra: l'intensificazione dell'attività edilizia, produttiva e commerciale, e dell'economia interregionale. Questi cambiamenti hanno avuto un impatto nell'infrastruttura dell'intera regione, grazie alla ripresa di contatti più stretti con Roma e con le regioni centro-italiche e infine anche con Costantinopoli (cfr. Antonelli et al. 2016, 354). La prosperità e l'influsso culturale di Ravenna sul resto della penisola continuò anche durante il regno ostrogoto, soprattutto con Teoderico (493-526). 1 Nonostante le circostanze infauste della querra gotica (535-554), l'attività edilizia a Ravenna continua anche dopo la conquista da parte dei Bizantini nel 540 (Ravegnani 2004, 11-68) quando sono state completate e consacrate le basiliche, la cui costruzione era stata avviata durante il regno di Teoderico. 1 Nel V e nella prima metà del VI secolo Ravenna e Classe hanno vissuto uno straordinario boom edilizio, con la costruzione di un'infrastruttura viaria urbana, nuove mura e imponenti basiliche cristiane monumentali, ornate da mosaici preziosi e da una ricca decorazione architettonica in marmo (Augenti-Cirelli 2010, 605).
Over the centuries, the intellectual and material heritage of ancient Greece and Rome has signifi... more Over the centuries, the intellectual and material heritage of ancient Greece and Rome has significantly shaped contemporary Western European culture and continues to resonate in it. Ancient masterpieces were not only objects of admiration and collecting passion, but also an ideal and inexhaustible source of artistic inspiration. The desire to own, imitate and create was always present also in the environment of central Europe, albeit in a more muted way. The fascinating world of the publication captures these ancient echoes through the eyes of eleven authors.
https://dspace.cuni.cz/bitstream/handle/20.500.11956/180244/OZVENY_ANTIKY.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the
conurbation... more The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the conurbation of Ravenna, Caesarea, and Classe following the establishment of the former provincial city of Ravenna as the sedes imperialis, the seat of the imperial court, in 402 AD. This involves examining factors that affect the current state of urbanization in these cities. The aim of this contribution is to employ socioeconomic approaches to trace the current progress of urban development, archaeological evidence, and ancient sources relating to late ancient settlement and historical maps. Additionally, it aims to establish a guideline for the development of Ravenna. This entails investigating how the city, along with its surrounding suburban area, transformed during the transitional period from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages. Furthermore, the study explores the role of the road and waterway network in this evolution.
European Journal of Post-Classical Archaeologies, 2024
The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the conurbation... more The article aims to examine the impact on urban development and infrastructure in the conurbation of Ravenna, Caesarea, and Classe following the establishment of the former provincial city of Ravenna as the sedes imperialis, the seat of the imperial court, in 402 AD. This involves examining factors that affect the current state of urbanization in these cities. The aim of this contribution is to employ socioeconomic approaches to trace the current progress of urban development, archaeological evidence, and ancient sources relating to late ancient settlement and historical maps. Additionally, it aims to establish a guideline for the development of Ravenna. This entails investigating how the city, along with its surrounding suburban area, transformed during the transitional period from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages. Furthermore, the study explores the role of the road and waterway network in this evolution.
in: Ozvěny antiky v srdci Evropy, pp. 229-267, 2023
Apsida kostela Stětí sv. Jana Křtitele v ulici Selská v pražské památkové zóně Stará Hostivař skr... more Apsida kostela Stětí sv. Jana Křtitele v ulici Selská v pražské památkové zóně Stará Hostivař skrývala po mnohá staletí cennou nástěnnou pozdně románskou malbu s vyobrazením Maiestas Domini, Krista v majestátu, a ojedinělou ikonografii Krista vítězícího nad symboly zla, smrti a hříchu v podobě lva a baziliška. Právě v tomto symbolickém zpodobení podrobených nepřátel se můžeme setkat s dávným odkazem antiky, v reminiscencích monumentální reprezentace císaře, vítězícího nad nepřítelem, i v zobrazení vítězného Krista na uměleckých památkách v italské Ravenně, pozdně antickém sedes imperii.
The article focuses on the commercial mechanism in Late Antiquity with special regard paid to the... more The article focuses on the commercial mechanism in Late Antiquity with special regard paid to the Late Antique sedes imperii, Ravenna, and its maritime port of Classe from the point of view of qualitative and quantitative analyses of marble and poery importation through long-distance trade within the Mediterranean. In the 5th and 6th centuries, Ravenna represented an important political, commercial, and cultural centre, involved in interregional sea trade through its port of Classe, and represented asignificant production and redistributive centre. e research is based on archaeological material evidence: the provenance and quantity of imported stone artefacts from the Late Antique complex of S. Severo in Classe, and the provenance of poery finds from the harbour area of Podere Chiavichetta in Classe. The mechanism of commercial exchange of Late AntiqueRavenna and Classe with various regions of the Mediterranean is based on the quantitative and qualitative comparison of imported marble and pottery. The question of the statio marmorum in the port area of Classe is also discussed on the basis of both the archaeological evidence and a comparison with the stone supply from Rome.
Kniha světoznameho italskeho klasickeho filologa a historika L. Canfory odhaluje pozadi složite p... more Kniha světoznameho italskeho klasickeho filologa a historika L. Canfory odhaluje pozadi složite politicke situace Řima v obdobi pozdni republiky. V centru autorova zajmu přitom stoji Iulius Ceasar, řimský statnik a vojevůdce, ktereho Canfora představuje jako jednu z vůbec nejkontroverznějsich postav antiky.
Předmětem dizertační práce je studium obchodních mechanismů pozdně antické Ravenny z hlediska mno... more Předmětem dizertační práce je studium obchodních mechanismů pozdně antické Ravenny z hlediska množství, typu a provenience importovaných kamenných artefaktů (fragmenty architektonické dekorace, obkladových desek, opus sectile, sarkofágů), a to na základě studia archeologického materiálu pocházejícího z lokality basiliky a kláštera San Severo v přístavu Classe (Ravenna). Ravenna představovala v 5. a 6. stol. n. l. významné administrativní a kulturní centrum, v němž se střetávaly prvky západního i východního umění a v němž se soustředil obchod a výroba. Kamenné artefakty pocházející z lokality San Severo v Classe byly analyzovány pomocí archeometrických metod, respektive na základě kombinace archeologického a geologického hlediska (makroskopické, geochemické a mineralo-petrografické analýzy) a dále na základě kvantitativního vyhodnocení. Mnoho vědeckých prací, věnovaných ravennskému umění a pojednávajích také o tématu ravennských "mramorů", často předpokládalo prokonéskou pr...
The article examines a possible interpretation of the iconography of concordia apostolorum, engra... more The article examines a possible interpretation of the iconography of concordia apostolorum, engraved on the left side of the late antique sarcophagus called “Pignatta”, found in the suburb of the late antique sedes imperialis Ravenna (Italy). The sarcophagus has been the subject of continuous scientific discussion related to its Eastern provenance and various iconographical interpretations. The article points an implicit interrelation between the theme of the ecclesiastical concordia of principes apostolorum and the imperial political propaganda emphasizing the unity and inseparability of the Empire and it illustrates this connection on examples and iconographical comparison with other late antique artefacts (e.g. sarcophagi, gold glasses, coinage). It demonstrates that the meaning of concordia apostolorum fits into the framework of mental and political paradigm of the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries when an effort to express the unity of the Church strongly reflected the imperial program and that a common veneration of S. Peter and Paul was broadly diffused also in the East, in Constantinople – a presumed place of origin of the sarcophagus
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2016
Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and ... more Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and sixth centuries. The present study explored the commercial mechanisms of Ravenna in Late Antiquity from the point of view of the marble trade, as well as the trade in other architectural elements. A portion of the research is based on the macroscopic and quantitative study of stone materials (around 1000 fragments) from the Late Antique and medieval complex of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy). The results indicated that the predominant commercial relationships of Ravenna with respect to stone artefacts (marbles, limestones, porphyry, breccia, granites) were orientated mainly towards the regions of Asia Minor, with some trade also occurring in minor quantities with North Africa, Greece, Italy, and France.Three representative marble samples were analysed to make determinations of their provenance. The methods used were based upon a combination of petrographic image analysis, polarizin...
Geologické výzkumy na Moravě a ve Slezsku (GVMS), 2021
The article deals with the provenance of white marbles from the late antique and early medieval e... more The article deals with the provenance of white marbles from the late antique and early medieval ecclesiastical complex of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy), presents the results of an archaeometric study, concerning mineralogical, petrographic and geochemi-cal analyses (X-RAY diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-RAY microanalysis, optical polarization microscopy, determination of the δ13C and δ18O stable isotopic ratios) and compares them with the main databases of Mediterranean white marbles quarried during Late Antiquity. The import of the Proconnesian marble from Marmara Island to the North Adriatic region, Ravenna and Classe not excluded, during Late Antiquity is generally presupposed in the scientific literature. The provenance of five analyzed samples of white-grey marble has been proposed. The results of analyzes indicate their Eastern provenance: four samples have been identified as the Proconnesian marble (Proconnesos 1 or Proconnesos 2). The provenance of one sample does not appear to be entirely certain, in any case, both point to microasiatic provenance: Muğla (Göktepe) or Docimium seem to be the most probable of the considered localities.
Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and ... more Ravenna represented an important administrative, commercial and cultural centre in the fifth and sixth centuries. The present study explored the commercial mechanisms of Ravenna in Late Antiquity from the point of view of the marble trade, as well as the trade in other architectural elements. A portion of the research is based on the macroscopic and quantitative study of stone materials (around 1000 fragments) from the Late Antique and medieval complex of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy). The results indicated that the predominant commercial relationships of Ravenna with respect to stone artefacts (marbles, limestones, porphyry, breccia, granites) were orientated mainly towards the regions of Asia Minor, with some trade also occurring in minor quantities with North Africa, Greece, Italy, and France. Three representative marble samples were analysed to make determinations of their provenance. The methods used were based upon a combination of petrographic image analysis, polarizing and cathodoluminescence microscopy of thin sections, and stable isotope geochemistry of carbonates. The Proconnesos and, eventually, other Turkish provenance of the selected samples is considered.
The article aims to present results of the analysis of stone artefacts (fragments of architectura... more The article aims to present results of the analysis of stone artefacts (fragments of architectural decoration, sarcophagi, opus sectile) from the late antique basilica and adjacent medieval monastery of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy). The research is focused on the qualitative and quantitative study of stone artefacts with regards on signs of their reuse. A hypothesis of the application of late antique materials in medieval reconstructions of San Severo monastic complex is discussed on the basis of lithotype and provenance study of stone artefacts and the late antique marble trade in the Mediterranean. INTRODUZIONE IL SIGNIFICATO DI RAVENNA E DEL PORTO DI CLASSE NEL V-X SECOLO Ravenna (Fig. 1) ha vissuto il periodo della sua massima prosperità economica e sviluppo cultu-rale durante il V e VI secolo d.C. come sedes imperialis della Pars Occidentalis, a partire dal trasferi-mento della corte imperiale nel 402 da Milano a Ravenna, causato soprattutto da motivi strategici (buona viabilità, l'accesso immediato al mare) e politici (contatti facilitati con Costantinopoli nonché il suo status di "disembedded capital" come la definisce Deliyannis: Deliyannis 2010, 3, 41, 309). Lo spostamento della sede imperiale determinò alcuni cambiamenti non solo nella città di Ravenna, ma anche nelle zone limitrofe, nell'entroterra: l'intensificazione dell'attività edilizia, produttiva e commerciale, e dell'economia interregionale. Questi cambiamenti hanno avuto un impatto nell'infrastruttura dell'intera regione, grazie alla ripresa di contatti più stretti con Roma e con le regioni centro-italiche e infine anche con Costantinopoli (cfr. Antonelli et al. 2016, 354). La prosperità e l'influsso culturale di Ravenna sul resto della penisola continuò anche durante il regno ostrogoto, soprattutto con Teoderico (493-526). 1 Nonostante le circostanze infauste della querra gotica (535-554), l'attività edilizia a Ravenna continua anche dopo la conquista da parte dei Bizantini nel 540 (Ravegnani 2004, 11-68) quando sono state completate e consacrate le basiliche, la cui costruzione era stata avviata durante il regno di Teoderico. 1 Nel V e nella prima metà del VI secolo Ravenna e Classe hanno vissuto uno straordinario boom edilizio, con la costruzione di un'infrastruttura viaria urbana, nuove mura e imponenti basiliche cristiane monumentali, ornate da mosaici preziosi e da una ricca decorazione architettonica in marmo (Augenti-Cirelli 2010, 605).
Over the centuries, the intellectual and material heritage of ancient Greece and Rome has signifi... more Over the centuries, the intellectual and material heritage of ancient Greece and Rome has significantly shaped contemporary Western European culture and continues to resonate in it. Ancient masterpieces were not only objects of admiration and collecting passion, but also an ideal and inexhaustible source of artistic inspiration. The desire to own, imitate and create was always present also in the environment of central Europe, albeit in a more muted way. The fascinating world of the publication captures these ancient echoes through the eyes of eleven authors.
https://dspace.cuni.cz/bitstream/handle/20.500.11956/180244/OZVENY_ANTIKY.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
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Papers by Helena Tůmová
conurbation of Ravenna, Caesarea, and Classe following the establishment of the former
provincial city of Ravenna as the sedes imperialis, the seat of the imperial court, in 402
AD. This involves examining factors that affect the current state of urbanization in these
cities. The aim of this contribution is to employ socioeconomic approaches to trace the
current progress of urban development, archaeological evidence, and ancient sources
relating to late ancient settlement and historical maps. Additionally, it aims to establish a
guideline for the development of Ravenna. This entails investigating how the city, along
with its surrounding suburban area, transformed during the transitional period from Late
Antiquity to the early Middle Ages. Furthermore, the study explores the role of the road
and waterway network in this evolution.
e research is based on archaeological material evidence: the provenance and quantity of imported stone artefacts from the Late Antique complex of S. Severo in Classe, and the provenance of poery finds from the harbour area of Podere Chiavichetta in Classe. The mechanism of commercial exchange of Late AntiqueRavenna and Classe with various regions of the Mediterranean is based on the quantitative and qualitative comparison of imported marble and pottery. The question of the statio marmorum in the port area of Classe is also discussed on the basis of both the archaeological evidence and a comparison with the stone supply from Rome.
Books by Helena Tůmová
https://dspace.cuni.cz/bitstream/handle/20.500.11956/180244/OZVENY_ANTIKY.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
conurbation of Ravenna, Caesarea, and Classe following the establishment of the former
provincial city of Ravenna as the sedes imperialis, the seat of the imperial court, in 402
AD. This involves examining factors that affect the current state of urbanization in these
cities. The aim of this contribution is to employ socioeconomic approaches to trace the
current progress of urban development, archaeological evidence, and ancient sources
relating to late ancient settlement and historical maps. Additionally, it aims to establish a
guideline for the development of Ravenna. This entails investigating how the city, along
with its surrounding suburban area, transformed during the transitional period from Late
Antiquity to the early Middle Ages. Furthermore, the study explores the role of the road
and waterway network in this evolution.
e research is based on archaeological material evidence: the provenance and quantity of imported stone artefacts from the Late Antique complex of S. Severo in Classe, and the provenance of poery finds from the harbour area of Podere Chiavichetta in Classe. The mechanism of commercial exchange of Late AntiqueRavenna and Classe with various regions of the Mediterranean is based on the quantitative and qualitative comparison of imported marble and pottery. The question of the statio marmorum in the port area of Classe is also discussed on the basis of both the archaeological evidence and a comparison with the stone supply from Rome.
https://dspace.cuni.cz/bitstream/handle/20.500.11956/180244/OZVENY_ANTIKY.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y