共享资源:全景自由/非洲

This page is a translated version of a page Commons:Freedom of panorama/Africa and the translation is 100% complete. Changes to the translation template, respectively the source language can be submitted through Commons:Freedom of panorama/Africa and have to be approved by a translation administrator.

全景自由
非洲‌美洲‌亞洲‌欧洲‌大洋洲‌Others

此頁面提供了非洲不同國家或地區的全景規則自由概述。它是從各個頁面部分嵌入的，給出了每個地區的規則。

非洲国家

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Algeria

阿爾及利亞

可以{{FoP-Algeria}}

根據2003年阿爾及利亞版權法第50條，未經作者授權且無報酬地複製或向公眾傳播建築或美術作品、應用藝術作品或攝影作品是合法的。永久位於公共場所的作品，美術館、博物館和分類文化或自然場所除外。^{[Law of 2003, Art.50]}

The freedom of panorama clause was introduced in the 1997 copyright law of Algeria.^{[Law of 1997, Art.51]} Prior that, a limited freedom of panorama right for use by cinematography and TV broadcasts existed in the 1973 copyright law of Algeria.^{[Law of 1973, Art.27]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Egypt

埃及

可以甚至可用于2D艺术作品。{{FoP-Egypt}}

According to Article 171 of Law No. 82 of 2002:

Without prejudice to the moral rights of the author, pursuant to the provisions of the law herein, the author may not prevent third parties, after the publication of his work, from undertaking any of the following acts: ...^{[82/2002 Article 171]}
Make a single copy of the work for one's exclusive personal use, provided that such a copy shall not hamper the normal exploitation of the work nor cause undue prejudice to the legitimate interests of the author or copyright holders;

However, the author or his successor may, after the publication of the work, prevent third parties from carrying out any of the following acts without his authorization:

Reproduction or copying works of fine, applied or plastic arts, unless they were displayed in a public place, or works of architecture; ...^{[82/2002 Article 171(2)]}

By expressly denying the copyright holder the ability to enforce his copyright on works "displayed in a public place, or works of architecture" freedom of panorama for these items is implied. "Applied art" means art incorporated into useful articles. Plastic arts are three dimensional artworks. Fine arts are painting, photography, and sculpture, so Egypt's FOP is relatively broad, covering everything except text.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Ethiopia

埃塞俄比亚

不可以。{{NoFoP-Ethiopia}}埃塞俄比亞法律將建築物、雕塑和美術作品包括在受版權保護的作品中（第1部分-第3條：適用範圍）並且沒有全景自由例外。

請注意，由於缺乏版權條約，埃塞俄比亞的大部分作品在美國和大多數其他國家屬於公有領域。但是，上傳到Commons的文件在來源國也必須是免費的。

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Angola

安哥拉

可以。Lei n.º 15/14 de 31 de Julho（安哥拉版權法）第 51.º 1.c) 條規定，允許在未經作者授權的情況下複製在公共場所永久展示的作品，因為作品的標題和名稱聲明了作品的作者，並尊重他們的真實性和完整性。^{[15/2014 Art.51.1]}

Article 51.º 1.c) of Lei n.º 15/14 de 31 de Julho (Angola Copyright Law) states that reproduction of works permanently on display at public locations is allowed without the author's authorization, given that the title and name of the author of the work are stated, and that their genuinity and integrity is respected.^{[15/2014 Art.51.1]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Benin

貝南

不可以: Based on the 2006 law, reporting or current events purposes only for photography, and full freedom of panorama for film and television broadcasts only.

For the purpose of reporting of a current event by means of photography or cinematography or through aural or visual broadcasting, the recording, reproduction and public communication of literary or artistic works that may be seen or heard during such event shall be lawful, to the extent justified by the intended informatory purpose.^{[2006 Art.17]}

Reproduction for the purposes of cinematography, broadcast and public communication of works of art and architecture that are permanently located in a public place or whose inclusion in a film or broadcast is merely secondary or incidental to the main subject matter shall be lawful.^{[2006 Art.18]}

The restricted Beninese freedom of panorama in the 1984 law – for both audio-visual media and current events reporting only – was identical to the freedom of panorama of the current, 2006 law.^{[1984 Art.15 and 16]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Botswana

波札那

不可以: The Act of 2006 makes no provision for freedom of panorama other than "the reproduction and the broadcasting or other communication to the public, for the purpose of reporting current events, of short excerpts of a work seen or heard in the course of such events, to the extent justified by the purpose;"^{[2006 Section 18.b]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Burkina Faso

布吉納法索

不可以, noncommercial only: the Burkinabe freedom of panorama is limited only to noncommercial purposes (which is incompatible with Commons:Licensing). However, a photo that only incidentally includes architecture or sculpture should be fine.

In derogation of the author’s rights, reproducing, broadcasting or communicating to the public by cable an image of a work of architecture, a work of fine art, a photographic work or a work of applied art which is permanently located in a place open to the public shall be permitted, except where the image of the work is the main subject of such reproduction or communication and where it is used for commercial purposes.^{[1999 Article 25]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Burundi

蒲隆地

不可以: the Burundian freedom of panorama is not free enough to allow publications of images of protected works of architecture and public art in commercial media like advertisements and websites, thus does not meet with Commons:Licensing. See also a related discussion here.

Under Burundi Act 1/021 2005 Article 26/4:

The reproduction of works of art or of architecture through cinematography or television and the communication of such works to the public if such works are permanently located in a place where they can be viewed by the public or are included in the film or program by way of background or as incidental to the essential matters represented.
Similarly, the reproduction of works of architecture through photography, cinematography, television or any other similar process, in addition to the publication of corresponding photographs in the press, periodicals and textbooks, shall be free and may not give rise to copyright payment.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Equatorial Guinea

赤道几内亚

不可以. The 1889 Civil Code only listed a vague statement about copyright^{[1889 Article 428]} and the Bangui Agreement has a limited FoP exception which does not allow reproduction of architecture in images if the work. ^{[Bangui Agreement Title 7 Article 16]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Togo

多哥

不可以. Reproductions of artistic works are only allowed through film and television broadcasting if the works are permanently located in public places, not photographs.

The reproduction in a film or television program or public communication of figurative works of art or architecture that are permanently located in a public place or included in the film or program in a way that is incidental to the main subject, shall be lawful.^{[91-12/1991 Article 24]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Eritrea

厄立特里亞

請注意，由於缺乏版權條約，厄立特里亞的大部分作品在美國和大多數其他國家屬於公有領域。但是，上傳到Commons的文件在來源國也必須是免費的。

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Cape Verde

佛得角

不可以 Limited to incidental or non-commercial use.

The following embodiments of works already lawfully published or disclosed shall be lawful, irrespective of authorization of the respective author and without any need for compensation, as long as the authenticity and integrity of the title and the name of the author are mentioned and respected: ... (d) reproduction, broadcasting or communication, by any other means, to the public, of the image of a work of architecture, three dimensional arts, photography or applied arts, which is kept permanently in a place open to the public, except if the image of the work is the main subject of the reproduction, broadcasting or communication in question, and if it were used for commercial purposes.^{[2009 Article.62.1(d)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Gambia

岡比亞

不可以 The 2004 copyright act of Gambia does not contain any special provision in regard to the works displayed in public premises.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Republic of the Congo

剛果共和國

不可以: Incidental use only for photography. Free use in film and television. Under the 1982 law, the following uses of a protected work, either in the original language or in translation, shall be permissible without the author's consent.^{[24/82 Art.33]}:

For the purposes of reporting on a current event by means of photography, cinematography or communication to the public, the reproduction or making available to the public, to the extent justified by the informatory purpose, of any work that can be seen or heard in the course of such current event.^{[24/82 Art.33(3)]}
The reproduction of works of art and of architecture, in a film or a television broadcast, and the communication to the public of the works so reproduced, if those works are permanently located in a place where they can be viewed by the public or are included in the film or in the broadcast only by way of background or incidental to the main subject.^{[24/82 Art.33(4)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Democratic Republic of the Congo

刚果民主共和国

不可以: According to the 1986 copyright law,

The reproduction of an architectural work by means of photography, cinematography, television or any other similar procedure, as well as the publication of the corresponding photographs in newspapers, journals and school textbooks, shall be lawful and may not give rise to payment of copyright.^{[86-033/1986 Article 28]}
The reproduction in a film or television program of figurative works of art that are permanently located in a public place or included in the film or program in a way that is incidental to the main subject, shall not require authorization from the author.^{[86-033/1986 Article 29]}

Neither is free enough for Wikimedia Commons.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Ghana

迦納

不可以. ({{NoFoP-Ghana}}) Article 19(1)(f) of the Copyrights Act, 2005 restricts freedom of panorama to cinema or television or in a broadcast by television.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Gabon

加蓬

可以 {{FoP-Gabon}}

可以. For photographs, film and television of protected works of art, including architectural works, if permanently located in a public place.
可以. For incidental inclusion of protected works in films or television, regardless of location.
可以. For informational photographs of protected works in reports on a current event, regardless of location.

Under Law No. 1/87 of 1987,

Literary, scientific or artistic works seen or heard in the course of a current event may, for the purposes of information, be reproduced and made available to the public in a report on that event by means of photography, cinematography or sound or visual diffusion.^{[1/1987 Article 35]}
Works of art, including architectural works, permanently located in a public place, may be reproduced and made available to the public by means of cinematography, photography or television. The same shall apply where the inclusion of such a work in a film or a broadcast is of an accessory or incidental nature only in relation to the main subject.^{[1/1987 Article 37]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Djibouti

吉布提

不可以：攝影、繪畫、繪畫等，除了合理地包含在時事報導中。

可以：永久位於公共場所的藝術或建築作品的電影或電視，或偶然使用的電影或電視作品。請注意，電影或電視節目必須獲得自由許可。

未經作者同意，以下使用受保護作品是被允許的......

為了通過攝影、電影攝影、廣播或通過有線向公眾傳播的方式報導時事，複製或向公眾提供，在信息目的合理的範圍內，可以看到的任何作品或在所述當前事件的過程中聽到。^{[154/AN/2006 Art. 54(g)]}
通過電影攝影或電視複製藝術或建築作品並將此類作品傳播給公眾，如果此類作品永久位於公眾可以觀看的地方，或者通過某種方式包含在電影或節目中背景或所代表的基本事項的附帶”。^{[154/AN/2006 Art. 54(h)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Guinea

几内亚

不可以: Non-commercial use only under the 2019 law (but non-commercial content is not allowed here); free use in audio-visual media only under the repealed 1980 law.

Under the Law on the Protection of Literary and Artistic Property (Law L/2019/0028/AN):

By way of derogation from authors' rights, it is permitted to reproduce, broadcast or communicate by cable to the public an image of a work of architecture, a work of fine arts, a photographic work or a work of applied arts permanently located in a place open to the public, unless the image of the work is the main subject of such reproduction or communication and if it is used for commercial purposes.^{[2019/0028 Article 27]}

Under the now-repealed Act No. 043/APN/CP of August 9, 1980:

It shall be lawful to reproduce in a film or in a television broadcast and to communicate to the public works of figurative art permanently located in a public place, or whose inclusion in the film or broadcast is only by way of background or is incidental to the essential matters represented.^{[1980 Article 14]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Guinea-Bissau

畿內亞比紹

可以: For 3D objects. The applicable law still is the colonial copyright law, which says "The reproduction and publication by the press, cinema, television or any other mean, of the image of works of architecture or any other kind of plastic arts already divulged by the author is free".^{[46.980/1972 Article 152]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Zimbabwe

津巴布韦

可以: {{FoP-Zimbabwe}}. Section 35 of the 2004 law states:^{[Cap.26:05/2004 Section 35]}

Reproduction of artistic works in public places
The copyright in an artistic work which is permanently situated in a street, square or other public place or in premises open to the public shall not be infringed by

(a) the work being included in a graphic work, a photograph, an audio-visual work, a broadcast or a cable programme;

(b) the making of copies of the work, where the copies are greatly reduced in scale.

There is a need to attribute the author of the artistic work if photos or videos of it are used for commercial purposes:^{[Cap.26:05/2004 Section 61(3)]}

Right to be identified as author or director

(3) Subject to this Part, the author of an artistic work has the right to be identified as the author of the work for so long as copyright subsists in it, whenever—

(a) the work is published commercially or exhibited in public, or a visual image of it is broadcast or included in a cable programme service; or

(b) an audio-visual work including a visual image of the artistic work is shown in public or copies of such an audio-visual work are issued to the public; or

(c) in the case of

(i) an architectural work in the form of a building; or

(ii) a sculpture; or

(iii) a work of artistic craftsmanship;

copies of a graphic work representing it, or copies of a photograph of it, are issued to the public.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Cameroon

喀麦隆

不可以，只允许非商业性适用。

Under Cameroon's Law on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, enacted in 2000, there is freedom of panorama for artwork and architecture permanently located in a public place, but only for non-commercial uses:

Works of art, including works of architecture, permanently kept in a public place, may be reproduced and made available to the public through photographic and audiovisual means.^{[2000/011 Section 32(1)]}
Any exploitation for profit of these reproductions without the prior authorization of the author of the works referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be unlawful.^{[2000/011 Section 32(2)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Comoros

葛摩

不可以 because:

The 1957 law has no clauses about FOP; and
While Bangui Agreement has a FOP clause, that's for non-commercial purposes only, and only allow stuffs to be reproducted as films.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Côte d'Ivoire

科特迪瓦

无可用信息

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Kenya

肯尼亚

可以 {{FoP-Kenya}}

Under The Copyright Act, 2001 (Chapter 130) (Revised Edition 2014), copyright on artistic works "does not include the right to control reproduction and distribution of copies, or the inclusion in a film or broadcast, of an artistic work situated in a place where it can be viewed by the public".^{[Cap 130 Rev 2014 Section 26(1b)]} Note that the definition of artistic works under Kenyan law includes paintings, drawings, sculptures, photographs, and architecture. Furthermore, unlike freedom of panorama exemptions in some other countries, in Kenya it is not restricted to only works permanently located in a public place, and can include works in private places if viewable by the public.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Lesotho

莱索托

不可以: free use is only permitted on audio-visual or videographic works, excluding photographic works. The Copyright Order 1989 allows the reproduction of works of art and of architecture in an audiovisual work or video-recording, and the communication to the public of the works so reproduced, if the said works are permanently located in a place where they can be viewed by the public or are included in the audio-visual work or video-recording only by way of background or as incidental to the essential matters represented.^{[1989 Section 9(e)]}

Incidental utilization of expressions of folklore in a photograph, film or television broadcast is also allowed.^{[1989 Section 19(d)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Liberia

利比里亞

Probably 不可以. Under the Liberia Intellectual Property Act, 2016,

The following acts shall be permitted ... for the purpose of reporting current events, the reproduction and the broadcasting or other communication to the public by means of photography, audiovisual, broadcasting or other communication of short excerpts of a work seen or heard in the course of such events, to the extent justified by the purpose.^{[2016 §9.14(c)]]}
The fair use of a copyright work, including such use by reproduction in copies or sound recordings or by any other means, for purposes such as parody, satire, criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is fair use, the factors to be considered shall include the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for educational purposes; the nature of the copyrighted work; the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the work.^{[2016 §9.8(a)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Libya

利比亞

不可以 The Copyright Protection Law of Libya (Libyan Law No. (9) for 1968) does not have a suitable freedom of panorama provision for Wikimedia Commons.

A similar provision is found at Article(17)(b) but is restricted to limited educational uses in books: "The following shall be allowed in school books and in literature, history, science and art books:...(b) Copying published works on graphic art, sculpture and photography provided that copying shall be limited to the extent necessary to explain what is written."^{[9/1968 Article 17(b)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Rwanda

卢旺达

Not OK, non-commercial purpose only if the work is the main subject of the image.

There shall be permitted without authorization of the author and without payment of remuneration, to reproduce, to broadcast or to communicate by cable to the public a picture of work of architecture, of work of fine arts, a photographic work and a work of applied art that is permanently located on place opened to the public, except if the picture of this work is the main topic of such a reproduction, broadcasting or communication and if it is used for commercial purposes.^{[31/2009 Article 210]}

馬達加斯加

不可以, noncommercial only and/or if the architecture or public art is not the main subject.

There is no Commons-usable freedom of panorama in Madagascar, as per Law No. 94-036 of 18 September 1995 on Literary and Artistic Property: "... it shall be permitted, without authorization from the author and without payment of remuneration, to reproduce, ... or to communicate by cable to the public an image of a work of architecture, a work of fine art, a photographic work and a work of applied art that is permanently located in a place open to the public, save where the image of the work is the main subject of this reproduction, broadcast or communication and where it is not used for commercial purposes".^{[94-036/1995 Article 48]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Malawi

馬拉威

Not OK, noncommercial only.

Reproduction of a work and making available to the public of any work that can be seen or heard in the course of a current event, for the purpose of reporting on the current event, by means of photography, cinematography or other means of communication, is permitted to the extent justified for an informative purpose.^{[26/2016 Section 45]} Reproduction and making available to the public by photography, cinematography, drawing or similar means of depiction of an artistic work is permitted when the work is

(a) included in the picture or recording by way of background or as incidental, to the essential matters represented;

(b) a work of architecture in the form of a building; or

(c) a work of art permanently located in a place outdoors where it can be viewed by the public:

Provided that pictures or recordings in which the work of art clearly is the principal motif, shall not be commercially exploited without the consent of the author.^{[26/2016 Section 46]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Mali

马里

不可以: for incidental use of images of public artistic works in audiovisual or broadcasting media only. Under the 2008 law, permitted uses are limited to:

Reproduction for the purpose of audiovisual creation or broadcasting and public communication of works of figurative and architectural art permanently placed in a public place and whose inclusion in the audiovisual work or broadcast is accessory or incidental to the main subject.^{[08-024/2008 Article 27(b)]}
Reproduction and communication of literary, artistic or scientific works that may be seen or heard on the occasion of reports of a news event by means of photography, cinematography or broadcasting.^{[08-024/2008 Article 27(c)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Mauritius

毛里求斯

不可以. There is no exception for freedom of panorama for commercial purposes.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Mauritania

毛里塔尼亞

可以 in most places.

Reproduction or communication to the public of a work of architecture or the fine arts, a work of the applied arts or a photographic work shall be considered lawful, without permission of the author or remuneration, if it is permanently located in a public place, with the exception of art galleries, museums and classified cultural and natural sites.^{[2012-038 Art. 47]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Morocco

摩洛哥

不可以: non-commercial only if work is the main subject of the image: {{NoFoP-Morocco}}

"It shall be permitted, without the author’s authorization or payment of a fee, to republish, broadcast or communicate to the public by cable an image of a work of architecture, a work of fine art, a photographic work, or a work of applied art which is permanently located in a place open to the public, unless the image of the work is the main subject of such a reproduction, broadcast or communication and if it is used for commercial purposes".^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.20]}

Note: all images of works on Commons must be commercially usable; the exception only permits commercial use if the copyrighted work is not the main subject of the reproduction.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Mozambique

莫桑比克

不可以. for reproductions, broadcasts and cable communications to the public executed in the Republic of Mozambique (since 25 June 1975) There is only non-commercial freedom of panorama in Mozambique:

It is permitted, without authorization by the author or payment of any remuneration, to reproduce, broadcast or communicate by cable to the public the image of a work of architecture, three-dimensional art, photography or applied art that is permanently located in a place open to the public, except where the image of the work is the principal subject of such reproduction or broadcast or communication and is used for commercial purposes.^{[4/2001 Article 15]}
It is permitted ... to reproduce or make available to the public for the purposes of reporting current events by means of photography, cinematography or video, or by broadcasting or communication by cable to the public, to the extent justified by the informatory purpose, a work seen or heard during the said event.^{[4/2001 Article 14(b)]}

The 2001 copyright law of Mozambique appears to be retroactive. In case it is not, the applicable law would be the previous 1966 copyright law, which allows FOP (see below). Therefore, the status of reproductions, broadcasts and cable communications to the public executed before 28 May 2001 is undetermined.

可以 for photos executed in the Portuguese territory of Mozambique (before 25 June 1975)

Mozambique was considered Portuguese territory before its independence in 25 June 1975, and current jurisprudence generally use Portuguese law to deal with actions executed in former Portuguese overseas territories before that date. Examples:

02S3074,JTRL00024225, JTRL00024030, 7189/2003-4, 0451/05.

Related discussion here.

The applicable law was Decreto-Lei n.º 46980, de 27 de Abril de 1966 which allowed FOP:

The reproduction and publication by the press, cinema, television or any other mean, of the image of works of architecture or any other kind of plastic arts already divulged by the author is free.^{[46980/1966 Art.152]}

Current consensus on Wikimedia Commons holds that the pre-1975 actions that can be referred to in the context of freedom of panorama are the uses of the images, not the completions or public displays of the architecture or artistic works themselves. This means pre-1975 images of copyrighted Mozambican architecture and artistic works can be hosted here under commercial licenses, not post-1975 images of the same works. Related discussion here.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Namibia

纳米比亚

不可以 The copyright in an artistic work shall not be infringed by its inclusion in a cinematograph film or television broadcast or its transmission in a diffusion service, if (a) such inclusion is merely by way of background to the principal matters represented in the film, broadcast or transmission or incidental thereto; (b) such work is permanently situated in a street, square or a similar public place.^{[6/1994 Section 18(1)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP South Africa

南非

不可以 The Copyright Act 1978 of South Africa (as at 18 June 2002), section 15(3), states: "The copyright in an artistic work shall not be infringed by its reproduction or inclusion in a cinematograph film or a television broadcast or transmission in a diffusion service, if such work is permanently situated in a street, square or a similar public place."

A diffusion service is defined in section 1(1) as "a telecommunication service of transmissions consisting of sounds, images, signs or signals, which takes place over wires or other paths provided by material substance and intended for reception by specific members of the public; and diffusion shall not be deemed to constitute a performance or a broadcast or as causing sounds, images, signs or signals to be seen or heard; and where sounds, images, signs or signals are displayed or emitted by any receiving apparatus to which they are conveyed by diffusion in such manner as to constitute a performance or a causing of sounds, images, signs or signals to be seen or heard in public, this shall be deemed to be effected by the operation of the receiving apparatus."

Since section 15(3) does not mention photographs, there is no freedom of panorama exemption in South Africa that would permit photographs of artistic works to be taken without infringing the copyright in the works.

Recent developments

See Freedom of Panorama ZA and meta:Wikimedia South Africa/Copyright Amendement Bill for updates on the efforts by South African Wikimedians to have freedom of panorama introduced in the country.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP South Sudan

南蘇丹

不可以1996年版權和鄰接權保護法，第14條涵蓋了對版權的限制，即不適用版權保護的情況。它指出，報紙、雜誌、期刊、廣播和電視可以：……(c)出版或傳播在公共活動場合拍攝的任何照片或有關官員或名人的照片；在所有這些情況下，標題應註明轉載作品名稱及作者姓名。這不允許將照片用於其他用途，例如對於戶外廣告，Commons是不可接受的。

請注意，由於缺乏版權條約，南蘇丹的大部分作品在美國和大多數其他國家屬於公有領域。但是，上傳到Commons的文件在來源國也必須是免費的。

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Niger

尼日尔

不可以: incidental, non-commercial use only.

The 1993 law permits, without the consent of the author, "to reproduce or make available to the public, for the purposes of reporting on current events by means of photography, cinematography, or through broadcasting or such communication to the public by cable, a work seen or heard during such an event, to the extent justified by the intended informatory purpose.^{[93-027/1993 Article 14(ii)]} The 1993 law also permits, "to reproduce, broadcast or communicate to the public by cable an image of a work of architecture, a work of fine art, a photographic work or a work of applied art that is permanently located in a place open to the public, except if the image of the work is the main subject of such reproduction, broadcast or communication and if it is used for profit-making purposes.^{[93-027/1993 Article 15]}

The law permits utilization of any expression of folklore that can be seen or heard in the course of a current event for the purposes of reporting on that event by means of photography, broadcasting, or sound or visual recording, provided that the extent of such utilization is justified by the informatory purpose.^{[93-027/1993 Article 58 (i)]} It also permits utilization of objects containing the expressions of folklore which are permanently located in a place where they can be viewed by the public, if the utilization consists in including their image in a photograph, a film or television broadcast.^{[93-027/1993 Article 58(ii)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Nigeria

奈及利亞

不可以, no longer applicable for new uploads (of photos) starting 17 March 2023. Under the Copyright Act, 2022 (Act No.8 of 2022), "The rights conferred in respect of a work under sections 9-13 of this Act, do not include the right to control any of the acts specified in those sections by way of fair dealing for purposes such as ... the inclusion in an audiovisual work or a broadcast of an artistic work situated in a place where it can be viewed by the public."^{[No.8/2022 Sec. 20(1)(e)]}

Under the repealed Copyright Act, Cap. C28, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 2004, "The right conferred in respect of a work by section 5 of this Act does not include the right to control ... the reproduction and distribution of copies of any artistic work permanently situated in a place where it can be viewed by the public".^{[C.28/2004 2nd Sched/d]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Sierra Leone

塞拉利昂

不可以: The Copyright Act 2011 Part IV: Permitted use of copyright does not include any exemption that allows reproduction for commercial purposes of protected works that are displayed in public.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Senegal

塞内加尔

不可以 {{NoFoP-Senegal}}. Senegalese freedom of panorama, as it is currently in effect, does not permit commercial uses of images of artistic works in public spaces. However, non-commercial licensing is not allowed on Wikimedia Commons. Nevertheless, it should be fine if the copyrighted artistic work is not the main subject of the image (that is, de minimis presence).

The author may not prohibit the reproduction or communication of a graphic or three dimensional work that is permanently located in a place open to the public, unless the image of the work is the main subject of such reproduction, broadcast or communication and is used for commercial purposes.^{[2008-09 Article 46]}

The freedom of panorama provision of the repealed 1973 copyright act is also not acceptable to Commons, as it was only valid for audio-visual media: "It shall be lawful to reproduce, for the purposes of cinematography, television and communication to the public, works of figurative art and of architecture permanently located in a place where they can be viewed by the public or are included in the film or in the broadcast only by way of background or as incidental to the essential matters represented."^{[1973 Article 14]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Seychelles

塞舌尔

Not OK for depictions (like photos and videos) of artistic works published on Wikimedia Commons on or after August 1, 2014. {{NoFoP-Seychelles}}
可以 for depictions of artistic works published on Wikimedia Commons until July 31, 2014. {{FoP-Seychelles}}

The Seychelles Copyright Act of 1991 sets forth that "4. The reproduction, distribution of copies or inclusion in a film or broadcast of an artistic work permanently on view to the public" are "acts not controlled by copyright." (Schedule 1; Sections 10, 11 12 (sic) and 13).

There is no comparable provision in the 2014 act, as well as the original 1991 term seems removed by this revision. The 2014 act took effect on August 1, 2014. However, a transitional clause exists at 38(2)(b): "the licences or authorisation granted under the repealed Act shall continue to operate as licences or authorisation, as the case may be, for the purposes of this Act, until the expiration or revocation of such licence or authorisation." This indicates the freedom of panorama licence granted by the old copyright act is still in effect for representations made before the aforementioned date, and images that were uploaded on Wikimedia Commons before the aforementioned date are still permitted.

Recent discussion/s: Commons:Village pump/Copyright/Archive/2021/09#Clarification on Seychellois FOP.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP São Tomé and Príncipe

圣多美和普林西比

可以: {{FoP-São Tomé and Príncipe}}. Under the Decree Law 02/2017, the following uses of a work are lawful without the author's consent: ... The use of works, such as works of architecture or sculpture, made to be kept permanently in public places;^{[02/2017 Art.75.2(p)]}

It can be noted that the wording is similar to the Portuguese freedom of panorama provision. In the absence of any specific case law to the contrary, and considering that São Tomé and Príncipe is a former Portuguese colony, it is reasonable to assume that the rules will be identical. See 共享资源:各地著作权法规/葡萄牙#Freedom of panorama for details on the Portuguese freedom of panorama.

Recent discussion/s: Commons:Village pump/Copyright/Archive/2021/09#São Tomé and Príncipe FOP revisited.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Eswatini

斯威士兰

不可以. The list of exceptions or limitations to copyright of the 2018 act, at Sections 16–33, does not contain a provision allowing images of artistic works (including architecture as per the definition at Section 2) to be freely distributed for any purposes.

The repealed 1912 act had a freedom of panorama provision at Section 4.(1)(c), that permitted "the making or publishing of paintings, drawings, engravings, or photographs of a work of sculpture or artistic craftsmanship, if permanently situate in a public place or building, or the making or publishing of paintings, drawings, engravings, or photographs (which are not in the nature of architectural drawings or plans) of any architectural work of art."

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Sudan

苏丹

不可以 Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Protection Act 1996 does not have a usable freedom of panorama provision that allows uses in advertising and other commercial media, of images of copyrighted works of architecture and artistic works permanently located in public spaces.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Somalia

索馬里

De facto: Unsure
De jure: 不可以.

The list of exceptions or limitations to copyright in Law No. 66 of 7 September 1977, Sections 33–35, does not include a freedom of panorama provision. For artistic works, Section 35 states these can only be used freely for personal or educational purposes (thus non-commercial uses of artistic works).

However, in practice there are no protected architecture and public artistic works in Somalia, as the law required registration for these to be protected by copyright, granting a short 30-year copyright duration. There is no longer anywhere to register copyrights; records indicate of a copyright office that existed before being destroyed in the civil war in 1991.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Tanzania

坦桑尼亞

Outside of Zanzibar: 不可以 for photographs ("still images"), 可以 for audio-visual works ("moving images or videos", use {{FoP-Tanzania}} only for the latter purposes)
In Zanzibar: 不可以 except for photographs of public "folklore"

According to article 12 (6) of the "Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act" (1999), reproduction of works of art and works of architecture is permitted in audio-visual and video recordings, if the work is permanently located in a place where it can be viewed by the public.

Per Part I, Preliminary provisions, ""audiovisual work" means a work that consists of a series of related images which impart the impression of motion, with or without accompanying sounds, susceptible of being made visible, and where accompanied by sounds, susceptible of being made audible."

Zanzibar, which is part of Tanzania, has a separate copyright law, the Zanzibar Copyright Act, 2003. It does not allow for a free reproduction of works in public premises, except for the works of folklore that are permanently located in a place visible by the public (Article 29-II). In this case, it may be reproduced in the form of a photograph, a film or a television broadcasting.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Tunisia

突尼西亞

可以 {{FoP-Tunisia}}

Allowed uses without permission include "the reproduction or communication of a work of architecture or fine arts, or of a work of the applied arts or a photographic work, when it is located permanently in a public place, except for the museums, art galleries or any artistic heritage bequeathed by the former generations.^{[2009-33 Article 10(g)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Uganda

烏干達

可以 {{FoP-Uganda}}

According to the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2006, a work of art or architecture may be used in a photograph, an audiovisual work or a television broadcast without infringing the author's copyright and without the author's consent where the work is permanently located in a public place; or is included in the background or is otherwise incidental to the main object in the photograph, audiovisual work or television broadcast.^{[2006 Section 15(1)(g)]}

"Public place" is defined under the law as "any building, or conveyance to which for the time being the public are entitled or permitted to have access, with or without payment which may include cinema, concert, dance or video halls, bars, clubs, sports grounds, holiday resorts, circuses, restaurants, counter vehicles, banks or other commercial establishments."^{[2006 Section 2(1)(g)]}

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Zambia

贊比亞

不可以: {{NoFoP-Zambia}}

Artistic works are objects of copyright according to section 8 of the Copyright and Performance Rights Act, 1994. An artistic work is defined under section 2, and includes paintings, drawings and engravings (a); works of sculpture (c); works of architecture (d); and photographs (e). Exclusive right of the copyright owner over these works is guaranteed at section 17.

Section 21(h) of the law provides an exception for "incidental inclusion of a work in an artistic work, audiovisual work, broadcast or cable program," but no freedom of panorama.

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Chad

乍得

无可用信息

文本嵌入自
COM:FOP Central African Republic

中非共和國

不可以. For photographs, drawings, paintings etc. of protected works of art or architecture.
可以 for films, radio and television broadcasts of protected works if permanently in a public place or included only incidentally.

Chapitre II: Limitation permanente of the 1985 law includes the following:

Article 11 allows copying, performance or broadcasting of protected works for non-commercial private or family use, or for scholarly or religious use.
Article 14 allows reproduction and communication to the public of literary, artistic or scientific works when reporting a news event by photography or film to the extent necessary to convey the information.
Article 15 allows reproduction for cinematography, radio or television broadcasting of works of art or architecture if placed permanently in a public place or if its inclusion is accessory or incidental to the main subject.