Religious Rites of War - beyond the Medieval West. Volume 2. Central and Eastern Europe. Edited by Radosław Kotecki, Jacek Maciejewski, Gregory Leighton, 2023
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retri... more All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Requests for re-use and/or translations must be addressed to Koninklijke Brill NV via brill.com or copyright.com. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. Cover illustration: St. Olav altar frontal. Section one / first scene. King Olav of Norway makes a generous money offering to the clergyman while marching to war against the pagans. Trondheim, Nidaros Cathedral(?), ca. 1300. Now in Archbishop's Palace Museum in Trondheim. With kind permission of © Daniela Pawel, The Restoration Workshop of Nidaros Cathedral. 8.1a-b Reliquary of Tilo of Lorich, probably taken as booty by the Polish king Władysław Jagiełło after the Battle of Grunwald/Tannenberg (1410) and given to Gniezno Cathedral 273 Maps 0.1 Map of Northern Europe and the Baltic depicting major locations appearing in the volume xvi Abbreviations Titles of series and journals without further explanation APH Acta Poloniae Historica. BF Beihefte der Francia. CB Crossing boundaries: Turku medieval and early modern studies. CCCM Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Mediaevalis, 301 vols. (Turnhout: Brepols, 1966-). CEMT Central European medieval texts. ChH Church History. CHR Catholic Historical Review. Commentaria Commentaria: Sacred texts and their commentaries. Jewish, Christian and Islamic CSML Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. CTT Crusade texts in translation. DHIW Deutsches Historisches Institut Warschau. Quellen und Studien. Dusburg, Chron. Pr. "Chronicon terre Prussie" von Peter von Dusburg, ed. Max Töppen, SrP 1 (Leipzig: Hirzel, 1861), 3-219. ECEE East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450. EMC Explorations in medieval culture. FKG Forschungen zur Kirchen-und Geistegeschichte. FQKK Forschungen und Quellen zur Kirchen-und Kulturgeschichte Ostdeutschlands.
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Books by Dusan Zupka
The electronic version of this book – https://books.openedition.org/efr/18397 – contains the complete proceedings of the conference, including the numerous abstracts of papers delivered in the various sessions. The printed version consists of the introduction, the bibliography, and the seven plenary lectures.
This book provides the first detailed overview of research on rulership in theory and practice, with a particular emphasis on the monarchies of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland in the High and Late Middle Ages. The contributions examine the legitimation of rule of the first local dynasties, the ritual practice of power, the ruling strategies and practices of power in the established monarchies, and the manifold influences on the rulership in East Central Europe from outside the region (such as from Byzantium, and the Holy Roman Empire). The collection shows that these ideas and practices enabled the new polities to become legitimate members of Latin Christendom.
warfare and its influences on rulership in medieval East Central Europe. The religious rites of war performed before the battle or directly on the battlefield and the symbolical meaning attached to them by the chroniclers in their renditions of the events resulted in a complex picture of a real liturgy of war. Rulers from Bohemia, Poland and Hungary used tools of religious warfare to legitimize their political position and to
strengthen their rule.
konanie obsahujúce rozmanité symbolické výpovede. Hlavnými termínmi, ktoré nás budú zaujímať, sú rituál, moc a komunikácia. Vysoký
počet skúmaných príkladov, komparácia s okolitými krajinami i presné identifikovanie funkcie rituálov v rámci politickej reality arpádovského Uhorska nám umožňujú považovať ich za integrálnu súčasť symbolickej verejnej komunikácie v stredovekej strednej Európe.
Papers by Dusan Zupka
to rulers in Central Europe, as they were also attested in many cases in neighbouring Poland and Bohemia. Support from heavenly powers was sought before decisive military encounters. This was done either by celebrating masses, the administration of the Eucharist, provision of special clerical (episcopal) benedictions for the belligerents and their arms, or by spontaneous imploration of aid from God and His saints. The Virgin Mary had a preeminent place in this respect. Besides the Mother of God, Árpád kings and dukes also sought intercession from traditional military saints such as St. Martin and St. George. In later periods, they also looked up to homegrown dynastic patrons—Saint Stephen, St. Ladislaus, and St. Emeric. In spite of the (relative) lack of contemporary
sources for Árpád-era Hungary, the role, meaning, and structure of religious rites of war do not appear to have differed substantially from neighbouring Central and East Central European realms of the period.
The electronic version of this book – https://books.openedition.org/efr/18397 – contains the complete proceedings of the conference, including the numerous abstracts of papers delivered in the various sessions. The printed version consists of the introduction, the bibliography, and the seven plenary lectures.
This book provides the first detailed overview of research on rulership in theory and practice, with a particular emphasis on the monarchies of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland in the High and Late Middle Ages. The contributions examine the legitimation of rule of the first local dynasties, the ritual practice of power, the ruling strategies and practices of power in the established monarchies, and the manifold influences on the rulership in East Central Europe from outside the region (such as from Byzantium, and the Holy Roman Empire). The collection shows that these ideas and practices enabled the new polities to become legitimate members of Latin Christendom.
warfare and its influences on rulership in medieval East Central Europe. The religious rites of war performed before the battle or directly on the battlefield and the symbolical meaning attached to them by the chroniclers in their renditions of the events resulted in a complex picture of a real liturgy of war. Rulers from Bohemia, Poland and Hungary used tools of religious warfare to legitimize their political position and to
strengthen their rule.
konanie obsahujúce rozmanité symbolické výpovede. Hlavnými termínmi, ktoré nás budú zaujímať, sú rituál, moc a komunikácia. Vysoký
počet skúmaných príkladov, komparácia s okolitými krajinami i presné identifikovanie funkcie rituálov v rámci politickej reality arpádovského Uhorska nám umožňujú považovať ich za integrálnu súčasť symbolickej verejnej komunikácie v stredovekej strednej Európe.
to rulers in Central Europe, as they were also attested in many cases in neighbouring Poland and Bohemia. Support from heavenly powers was sought before decisive military encounters. This was done either by celebrating masses, the administration of the Eucharist, provision of special clerical (episcopal) benedictions for the belligerents and their arms, or by spontaneous imploration of aid from God and His saints. The Virgin Mary had a preeminent place in this respect. Besides the Mother of God, Árpád kings and dukes also sought intercession from traditional military saints such as St. Martin and St. George. In later periods, they also looked up to homegrown dynastic patrons—Saint Stephen, St. Ladislaus, and St. Emeric. In spite of the (relative) lack of contemporary
sources for Árpád-era Hungary, the role, meaning, and structure of religious rites of war do not appear to have differed substantially from neighbouring Central and East Central European realms of the period.
encounters. This was done either by celebrating masses, the administration of the Eucharist, provision of special clerical (episcopal) benedictions for the belligerents and their arms, or by spontaneous imploration of aid from God and His saints. A group of military saints (Michael, George, Demetrius, Denis, Martin) and Virgin Mary had a preeminent place in this respect, perceived as Schlachtenhelfer. The article draws on rich examples from the early and high medieval sources, especially depicting the military conflicts between Christian troops and their pagan opponents (Carolingians against Avars, Ottonians against Magyars, Crusaders against Muslims, etc.).
historical writing within Central Europe, as well as outside this region. The main goal is to provide a selection of examples of how the notion of dynasty can be used in current historiographic discourse. First and foremost, dynasty in medieval studies seems to be (to a certain extent) another intellectual construct applied to the period in question. Just like any other similar concepts, like medieval, feudalism, ritual, community, etc., it helps historians to describe our modern understanding of the phenomena. As a result, dynasty has become a highly fashionable term and a popular recurring theme used in the historiography of the Middle Ages. Medieval dynasties are defined based on family, kinship and shared tradition. In fact, they should not be seen only as a biological line of relatives, but, even more importantly, as a political construct. Last, but by no means least, dynasty should always be scrutinized in connection
with genealogy, idoneity and legitimacy.
ZBORNÍK K 60. NARODENINÁM VINCENTA MÚCSKU
CONTENTS:
Christianity and War in Medieval East Central Europe and Scandinavia: An Introduction -- RADOSŁAW KOTECKI, CARSTEN SELCH JENSEN, and STEPHEN BENNETT
PART ONE: THE CHURCH AND WAR
Chapter 1. The Role of the Dalmatian Bishops and Archbishops in Warfare During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries: A Case Study on the Archbishops of Split -- JUDIT GÁL
Chapter 2. Thirteenth- Century Hungarian Prelates at War -- GÁBOR BARABÁS
Chapter 3. The Image of “Warrior- Bishops” in the Northern Tradition of the Crusades -- SINI KANGAS
Chapter 4. Memory of the “Warrior- Bishops” of Płock in the Writings of Jan Długosz -- JACEK MACIEJEWSKI
Chapter 5. Preachers of War: Dominican Friars as Promoters of the Crusades in the Baltic Region in the Thirteenth Century -- JOHNNY GRANDJEAN GØGSIG JAKOBSEN
Chapter 6. Depictions of Violence in Late Romanesque Mural Paintings in Denmark -- MARTIN WANGSGAARD JÜRGENSEN
PART TWO: RELIGION IN WAR AND ITS CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS
Chapter 7. Religious Rituals of War in Medieval Hungary Under the Árpád Dynasty -- DUŠAN ZUPKA
Chapter 8. Pious Rulers, Princely Clerics, and Angels of Light: “Imperial Holy War” Imagery in Twelfth- Century Poland and Rus’ -- RADOSŁAW KOTECKI
Chapter 9. Religion and War in Saxo Grammaticus’s Gesta Danorum: The Examples of Bishop Absalon and King Valdemar I -- CARSTEN SELCH JENSEN
Chapter 10. Rhetoric of War: The Imagination of War in Medieval Written Sources (Central and Eastern Europe in the High Middle Ages) -- DAVID KALHOUS and LUDMILA LUŇÁKOVÁ
Chapter 11. Civil War as Holy War? Polyphonic Discourses of Warfare During the Internal Struggles in Norway in the Twelfth Century -- BJØRN BANDLIEN
Chapter 12. Martyrdom on the Field of Battle in Livonia During Thirteenth Century Holy Wars and Christianization: Popular Belief and the Image of a Catholic Frontier -- KRISTJAN KALJUSAAR
Chapter 13. Orthodox Responses to the Baltic Crusades -- ANTI SELART
Selected Bibliography
Index
Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava (Slovakia).
27-29 April 2023