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Paola Lassandro

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CNR-ITC, Department Member

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PAOLA LASSANDRO
INGEGNERE
DOTTORE DI RICERCA IN INGEGNERIA EDILE
RICERCATORE DI III LIVELLO - ISTITUTO PER LE TECNOLOGIE DELLA COSTRUZIONE

PROFILO SINTETICO

PAOLA LASSANDRO , Ingegnere (laurea in Ingegneria Edile con lode, Politecnico di Bari, 1993), ha conseguito (1994) un Master of Science di livello post-universitario in "European Construction Engineering" (Università coinvolte: Coventry University – U.K, Universidad de Cantabria Santader – Spagna, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Spagna, L.U.T. Loughborough University – U.K, Ingeniorhojskolen Esbjerg – Danimarca, Universidade do Oporto – Portogallo, Politecnico di Bari) con sedi didattiche in Inghilterra (Loughborough University of Tecnology) e Spagna (Santander, Universidad de Cantabria), è Dottore di Ricerca in Ingegneria Edile (1999 - tutor Prof. E, Mandolesi - Università di Roma La Sapienza), vincitrice di borsa di studio post-dottorato (ha svolto le attività di ricerca post-dottorato dall’1/3/2000 al 1/3/2001 – tutor prof. G. Fuzio – Politecnico di Bari) ed è ricercatore dal 2001 a tempo indeterminato presso l’ITC-CNR sede di Bari.

La scrivente ha svolto e svolge attività inerenti l’edilizia sostenibile in linea con gli interessi scientifici dell’istituto ITC-CNR, in particolare ha portato avanti ricerche su:
- Studio delle evoluzioni delle tipologie edilizie nella residenza e nel terziario in relazione all’innovazione tecnologica e in particolare alle tecnologie telematiche;
- L’edilizia sostenibile e gli elementi di fabbrica: la durata delle prestazioni, la manutenibilità, la sostituibilità, il riuso, il riciclaggio ed il loro smaltimento nonché la valutazione dell’impatto ambientale;
- L’edilizia sostenibile e gli aspetti normativi in ambito europeo e nazionale;
- Il ruolo delle costruzioni nel cambiamento climatico;
- L’efficientamento energetico dell’edilizia scolastica e creazione di una green community;
- Prodotti da costruzione e lessico specialistico;
- L’innovazione dell’elemento serramento.

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Papers by Paola Lassandro

Facing the Constraints to the Deep Energy Renovation Process of Residential Built Stock in European Markets

Sustainability, Dec 27, 2023

Mechanical and Thermal Effects of Using Fine Recycled PET Aggregates in Common Screeds

Sustainability, Dec 8, 2023

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Different Urban Fabrics to Face Increasingly Hot Summer Days Due to Climate Change

Sustainability, Mar 6, 2024

Facing the Constraints to the Deep Energy Renovation Process of Residential Built Stock in European Markets

by Paola Lassandro and Anna Devitofrancesco

Sustainability, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Olio, luce, fuoco: tradizione letteraria e figurativa tra Medioevo ed Età Moderna

Edipuglia, 2021

3D Modelling and Medieval Lighting Reconstruction for Rupestrian Churches

The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2019

The aim of this research is to define a method, able to analyse the systems of illumination in th... more The aim of this research is to define a method, able to analyse the systems of illumination in the medieval period, through a 3D virtual model reconstruction. It specifically needs to deepen the interactions between natural and artificial illumination in confined spaces. The study describes and examines the best survey technique to obtain a 3D model reconstruction, according to the achievement of such lighting scenarios, and the most suitable tools for lighting analysis. Thus, it is possible to carry out accurate interpretations of the past starting from historical sources and scientific data about lighting. This method was validated on a case study of a rupestrian church in Matera. The rupestrian contexts are less investigated in relation to mediaeval artificial lighting even if there are recognitions and comparative studies of widespread contexts, not only in Puglia and Basilicata, but also in Mediterranean area (e.g. in Cappadocia and Cyprus) which allow identifying evidences related to artificial lighting systems. The architectural signs (hole, niches, etc.) for ancient luminaries can be studied in 3D and lighting prospective. Lastly, the virtual model of the rupestrian church was imported into an opensource visualisation software (3D Heritage Online Presenter) to be appreciable on line and to promote historical heritage knowledge.

Analysing, modelling and promoting tangible and intangible values of building heritage with historic flame lighting system

Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2021

The aim of this research is to define a multidisciplinary method capable of enhancing the tangibl... more The aim of this research is to define a multidisciplinary method capable of enhancing the tangible and intangible values of the historical-cultural heritage through the virtual reconstruction of the ancient internal flame lighting systems. The survey by laser scanner and/or by digital photogrammetry and solid modelling were the techniques used to carry out the three-dimensional reconstructions of the artefacts. The 3D model based on archaeological and historical documentation made it possible to define the lighting scenarios according to various historical-interpretative hypotheses and the reconstruction of the used luminaires. Instead, the laboratory experiments on the flame allowed obtaining the scientific reference parameters to be used in the virtual reconstruction of the lighting scenarios. This method was validated in two different case studies. The first is a cave church in Matera, a medieval religious building built entirely in the ravine with evident architectural signs that enabled to identify the ancient lighting systems. The second is a Roman villa in Mola di Bari, a devastated archaeological site among which several Roman lamps were found, thanks to which it was possible to start the study of light. In addition to making an important contribution to the community of scholars, the lighting scenarios obtained from the research also aim to enhance the architectural artefacts and promote the related history knowledge for future generations. Virtual reality, augmented reality and online 3d visualization can be some of the possible applications towards which this research can converge to promote the fruition of cultural heritage.

Thermography Investigation and Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of a Historical Vaulted Masonry Building

Heritage

Typically, historical masonry constructions were only designed due to gravity loads. The structur... more Typically, historical masonry constructions were only designed due to gravity loads. The structural detailing, aimed at improving the seismic performance, was introduced thanks to the advancement in performance-based seismic design approaches in recent decades. In this context, the vaults play a key role. Depending on the construction technology, material, shape and constraints, the vault can modify the load patterns both in static and/or dynamic conditions. Furthermore, in heritage buildings, the possible presence of frescos or decorations increase the difficulties in assessing the technological nature of the vault. Non-destructive in situ investigation techniques, such as thermography, can be a powerful tool to improve the level of knowledge with respect to structural detailing and increase the prediction capability of the numerical model. The present paper discusses the results of a large thermography campaign performed in a cultural masonry building located in the south of Italy...

L'avvento della telematica nell'organismo edilizio alle soglie del terzo millennio: il telelavoro nella residenza e nel terziario

Dottorato di ricerca in ingegneria edile. 10. ciclo. Tutore Enrico Mandolesi.Consiglio Nazionale ... more

Lighting a Funerary Interior

Luce in contesto. Rappresentazioni, produzioni e usi della luce nello spazio antico / Light in Context. Representation, Production and Use of Light in Ancient Spaces

School Building Heritage: Energy Efficiency, Thermal and Lighting Comfort Evaluation Via Virtual Tour

Energy Procedia, 2015

Since the Italian school buildings cause huge energy waste, it is increasingly compelling to iden... more Since the Italian school buildings cause huge energy waste, it is increasingly compelling to identify, quantify and eliminate energy deficits through integrated audits and coordinated actions of energy saving and retrofit. We developed a methodology that is based on a holistic approach that correlates students' post occupancy evaluation with instrumental survey and software simulations and, at the same time, we examined an innovative use of virtual tour to make the energy audit results friendly available to school managers and community. This methodology, validated on a school building of the 20s-30s, identified energy saving and retrofitting actions according to cost levels.

A Novel Composite Reinforced Mortar for the Structural and Energy Retrofitting of Masonry Panels

Key Engineering Materials, Apr 7, 2022

A work-related learning project for energy efficiency evaluation and indoor comfort of school buildings

Ingénierie des systèmes d'information, 2018

Deconstruction Case Study in Southern Italy : Economic and Environmental Assessment

The paper will analyse how context affects the real possibilities of building materials’ reuse an... more The paper will analyse how context affects the real possibilities of building materials’ reuse and recycling. A deconstruction Case Study in Southern Italy of some big residential buildings gives the opportunity to verify the deconstruction thesis in a real context, to study alternative scenarios to assess the most advantageous one in economic and environmental terms, and to define the profiles of every scenario. The scenarios’ definitions will take into account alternative dismantling techniques and the possibilities of managing C&D materials in relation to the operators and the presence of landfills, surface quarries, and recycling centres in the territory.

L’illuminazione naturale e artificiale nelle chiese rupestri e semi ipogee: studi e scenari attraverso modelli virtuali

Lo studio dei sistemi di illuminazione in spazi confinati di peculiare natura pone questioni per ... more

Energy and seismic drawbacks of masonry: a unified retrofitting solution

Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation

All over the world, a large part of existing buildings is not adequate to satisfy the safety requ... more All over the world, a large part of existing buildings is not adequate to satisfy the safety requirement and the thermal comfort criteria. For this reason, the interest in structural and energy retrofitting systems has steadily grown in the last decades. In this scenario, an innovative thermal resistant geopolymer mortar has been developed and used for Inorganic Matrix Composite (IMC) systems aimed to a combined seismic and energy new retrofitting technique. The geopolymer-based IMC is able to ensure competitive mechanical properties with respect to the traditional lime-based IMCs and, at the same time, a significant reduction in thermal conductivity. In this paper, an experimental program is reported considering small-scaled masonry panels with double-side IMC-retrofitting and determining both the in-plane shear strength and the thermal resistance. The experimental shear tests are aimed to compare the mechanical performance of the geopolymer innovative systems with those of the tra...

A New Fabric Reinforced Geopolymer Mortar (FRGM) with Mechanical and Energy Benefits

Fibers

A large part of the European building Heritage is dated back over centuries. Consequently, its st... more A large part of the European building Heritage is dated back over centuries. Consequently, its structural and thermal performances are often inadequate. Commonly, different interventions are proposed for solving these issues separately. However, reasonable drawbacks arise when the structural retrofitting requires a direct contact with the target-member while the insulation layer is potentially interposed in between. In this scenario, the present research proposes a novel and unique system able to guarantee both the energetic and the structural retrofitting. Inorganic Matrix Composites (IMCs) are a promising solution in this sense. Among them, the Fabric Reinforced Cementitous Matrix (FRCM) is one of the most used; or rather a composite made of a fabric (open grid or mesh) within an inorganic matrix (lime or cement based). Even if the inorganic matrix has a relevant thickness (if compared with the one of the fabric), its thermal resistance is insufficient. The novelty of this work co...

Thermal and Seismic Capacity Improvements for Masonry Building Heritage: A Unified Retrofitting System

Sustainability

Today, the attention in the retrofitting of building is quickly growing. In this field, the re-us... more Today, the attention in the retrofitting of building is quickly growing. In this field, the re-use of waste materials and the innovation in the retrofitting techniques are among the crucial topics. Generally, thermal capacity and seismic resistance are two aspects very felt by the building owners. Commonly, independent approaches are assessed in order to cover the energy and mechanical lacks of a building. In such a way, the intervention may result time- and cost-consuming or, sometimes, poorly effective. The present paper aimed to propose and validate a new retrofitting system based on the partial use of waste materials, such as fly ash and expanded glass (acting as a matrix), and a fiber open grid reinforcement. The proposal is suitable for the plastering of building with the double scope of thermal insulation and seismic strengthening throughout a unique application. An experimental investigation was carried out considering small-scaled masonry panels with double-side retrofittin...

Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 4

Facing the Constraints to the Deep Energy Renovation Process of Residential Built Stock in European Markets

Sustainability, Dec 27, 2023

Mechanical and Thermal Effects of Using Fine Recycled PET Aggregates in Common Screeds

Sustainability, Dec 8, 2023

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Different Urban Fabrics to Face Increasingly Hot Summer Days Due to Climate Change

Sustainability, Mar 6, 2024

Facing the Constraints to the Deep Energy Renovation Process of Residential Built Stock in European Markets

by Paola Lassandro and Anna Devitofrancesco

Sustainability, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Olio, luce, fuoco: tradizione letteraria e figurativa tra Medioevo ed Età Moderna

Edipuglia, 2021

3D Modelling and Medieval Lighting Reconstruction for Rupestrian Churches

The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2019

The aim of this research is to define a method, able to analyse the systems of illumination in th... more The aim of this research is to define a method, able to analyse the systems of illumination in the medieval period, through a 3D virtual model reconstruction. It specifically needs to deepen the interactions between natural and artificial illumination in confined spaces. The study describes and examines the best survey technique to obtain a 3D model reconstruction, according to the achievement of such lighting scenarios, and the most suitable tools for lighting analysis. Thus, it is possible to carry out accurate interpretations of the past starting from historical sources and scientific data about lighting. This method was validated on a case study of a rupestrian church in Matera. The rupestrian contexts are less investigated in relation to mediaeval artificial lighting even if there are recognitions and comparative studies of widespread contexts, not only in Puglia and Basilicata, but also in Mediterranean area (e.g. in Cappadocia and Cyprus) which allow identifying evidences related to artificial lighting systems. The architectural signs (hole, niches, etc.) for ancient luminaries can be studied in 3D and lighting prospective. Lastly, the virtual model of the rupestrian church was imported into an opensource visualisation software (3D Heritage Online Presenter) to be appreciable on line and to promote historical heritage knowledge.

Analysing, modelling and promoting tangible and intangible values of building heritage with historic flame lighting system

Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2021

The aim of this research is to define a multidisciplinary method capable of enhancing the tangibl... more The aim of this research is to define a multidisciplinary method capable of enhancing the tangible and intangible values of the historical-cultural heritage through the virtual reconstruction of the ancient internal flame lighting systems. The survey by laser scanner and/or by digital photogrammetry and solid modelling were the techniques used to carry out the three-dimensional reconstructions of the artefacts. The 3D model based on archaeological and historical documentation made it possible to define the lighting scenarios according to various historical-interpretative hypotheses and the reconstruction of the used luminaires. Instead, the laboratory experiments on the flame allowed obtaining the scientific reference parameters to be used in the virtual reconstruction of the lighting scenarios. This method was validated in two different case studies. The first is a cave church in Matera, a medieval religious building built entirely in the ravine with evident architectural signs that enabled to identify the ancient lighting systems. The second is a Roman villa in Mola di Bari, a devastated archaeological site among which several Roman lamps were found, thanks to which it was possible to start the study of light. In addition to making an important contribution to the community of scholars, the lighting scenarios obtained from the research also aim to enhance the architectural artefacts and promote the related history knowledge for future generations. Virtual reality, augmented reality and online 3d visualization can be some of the possible applications towards which this research can converge to promote the fruition of cultural heritage.

Thermography Investigation and Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of a Historical Vaulted Masonry Building

Heritage

Typically, historical masonry constructions were only designed due to gravity loads. The structur... more Typically, historical masonry constructions were only designed due to gravity loads. The structural detailing, aimed at improving the seismic performance, was introduced thanks to the advancement in performance-based seismic design approaches in recent decades. In this context, the vaults play a key role. Depending on the construction technology, material, shape and constraints, the vault can modify the load patterns both in static and/or dynamic conditions. Furthermore, in heritage buildings, the possible presence of frescos or decorations increase the difficulties in assessing the technological nature of the vault. Non-destructive in situ investigation techniques, such as thermography, can be a powerful tool to improve the level of knowledge with respect to structural detailing and increase the prediction capability of the numerical model. The present paper discusses the results of a large thermography campaign performed in a cultural masonry building located in the south of Italy...

L'avvento della telematica nell'organismo edilizio alle soglie del terzo millennio: il telelavoro nella residenza e nel terziario

Dottorato di ricerca in ingegneria edile. 10. ciclo. Tutore Enrico Mandolesi.Consiglio Nazionale ... more

Lighting a Funerary Interior

Luce in contesto. Rappresentazioni, produzioni e usi della luce nello spazio antico / Light in Context. Representation, Production and Use of Light in Ancient Spaces

School Building Heritage: Energy Efficiency, Thermal and Lighting Comfort Evaluation Via Virtual Tour

Energy Procedia, 2015

Since the Italian school buildings cause huge energy waste, it is increasingly compelling to iden... more Since the Italian school buildings cause huge energy waste, it is increasingly compelling to identify, quantify and eliminate energy deficits through integrated audits and coordinated actions of energy saving and retrofit. We developed a methodology that is based on a holistic approach that correlates students' post occupancy evaluation with instrumental survey and software simulations and, at the same time, we examined an innovative use of virtual tour to make the energy audit results friendly available to school managers and community. This methodology, validated on a school building of the 20s-30s, identified energy saving and retrofitting actions according to cost levels.

A Novel Composite Reinforced Mortar for the Structural and Energy Retrofitting of Masonry Panels

Key Engineering Materials, Apr 7, 2022

A work-related learning project for energy efficiency evaluation and indoor comfort of school buildings

Ingénierie des systèmes d'information, 2018

Deconstruction Case Study in Southern Italy : Economic and Environmental Assessment

The paper will analyse how context affects the real possibilities of building materials’ reuse an... more The paper will analyse how context affects the real possibilities of building materials’ reuse and recycling. A deconstruction Case Study in Southern Italy of some big residential buildings gives the opportunity to verify the deconstruction thesis in a real context, to study alternative scenarios to assess the most advantageous one in economic and environmental terms, and to define the profiles of every scenario. The scenarios’ definitions will take into account alternative dismantling techniques and the possibilities of managing C&D materials in relation to the operators and the presence of landfills, surface quarries, and recycling centres in the territory.

L’illuminazione naturale e artificiale nelle chiese rupestri e semi ipogee: studi e scenari attraverso modelli virtuali

Lo studio dei sistemi di illuminazione in spazi confinati di peculiare natura pone questioni per ... more

Energy and seismic drawbacks of masonry: a unified retrofitting solution

Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation

All over the world, a large part of existing buildings is not adequate to satisfy the safety requ... more All over the world, a large part of existing buildings is not adequate to satisfy the safety requirement and the thermal comfort criteria. For this reason, the interest in structural and energy retrofitting systems has steadily grown in the last decades. In this scenario, an innovative thermal resistant geopolymer mortar has been developed and used for Inorganic Matrix Composite (IMC) systems aimed to a combined seismic and energy new retrofitting technique. The geopolymer-based IMC is able to ensure competitive mechanical properties with respect to the traditional lime-based IMCs and, at the same time, a significant reduction in thermal conductivity. In this paper, an experimental program is reported considering small-scaled masonry panels with double-side IMC-retrofitting and determining both the in-plane shear strength and the thermal resistance. The experimental shear tests are aimed to compare the mechanical performance of the geopolymer innovative systems with those of the tra...

A New Fabric Reinforced Geopolymer Mortar (FRGM) with Mechanical and Energy Benefits

Fibers

A large part of the European building Heritage is dated back over centuries. Consequently, its st... more A large part of the European building Heritage is dated back over centuries. Consequently, its structural and thermal performances are often inadequate. Commonly, different interventions are proposed for solving these issues separately. However, reasonable drawbacks arise when the structural retrofitting requires a direct contact with the target-member while the insulation layer is potentially interposed in between. In this scenario, the present research proposes a novel and unique system able to guarantee both the energetic and the structural retrofitting. Inorganic Matrix Composites (IMCs) are a promising solution in this sense. Among them, the Fabric Reinforced Cementitous Matrix (FRCM) is one of the most used; or rather a composite made of a fabric (open grid or mesh) within an inorganic matrix (lime or cement based). Even if the inorganic matrix has a relevant thickness (if compared with the one of the fabric), its thermal resistance is insufficient. The novelty of this work co...

Thermal and Seismic Capacity Improvements for Masonry Building Heritage: A Unified Retrofitting System

Sustainability

Today, the attention in the retrofitting of building is quickly growing. In this field, the re-us... more Today, the attention in the retrofitting of building is quickly growing. In this field, the re-use of waste materials and the innovation in the retrofitting techniques are among the crucial topics. Generally, thermal capacity and seismic resistance are two aspects very felt by the building owners. Commonly, independent approaches are assessed in order to cover the energy and mechanical lacks of a building. In such a way, the intervention may result time- and cost-consuming or, sometimes, poorly effective. The present paper aimed to propose and validate a new retrofitting system based on the partial use of waste materials, such as fly ash and expanded glass (acting as a matrix), and a fiber open grid reinforcement. The proposal is suitable for the plastering of building with the double scope of thermal insulation and seismic strengthening throughout a unique application. An experimental investigation was carried out considering small-scaled masonry panels with double-side retrofittin...

Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 4