Mon - Khmer Studies: a journal of Austroasiatic philology, 2004
Page 1. A historical note on inclusive/exclusive opposition in South Asian languages -Borrowing o... more Page 1. A historical note on inclusive/exclusive opposition in South Asian languages -Borrowing or Retention or Innovation?-1 Toshiki OSADA Kyoto University of Art and Design, Kyoto 0. Introduction According to the most recent ...
Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (... more Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (Hakuoh University) Ganesh Murmu (Ranchi University) Toshiki Osada (Kyoto University of Art and Design) Table of Contents 0. Introduction 0.1 Previous Studies 0.2 Method ...
Abstract Through an ichthyoarchaeological approach, 452 fish skeletal elements were identified to... more Abstract Through an ichthyoarchaeological approach, 452 fish skeletal elements were identified to taxonomic levels from 1220 fragments of fish bones from the excavation of Harappan settlement at Kanmer in Gujarat datable to c. 2600–1900 BCE. Nine fish families were identified which include Latidae, Bagridae, Sparidae, Ariidae, Siluridae, Carcharhinidae/Dasyatidae, Cyprinidae, Haemulidae and Sciaenidae. This paper presents aspects of fish utilization at Kanmer which include the diversity of fish species used, the temporal changes in fish consumption, the spatial distribution of fish, the pattern of fish processing, fishing environments and their reflections on climatic changes. At the site, the marine fishery was dominated along with the parallel existence of freshwater fishery and the latter was intensified during the late part of the occupation. The pattern of fish processing, preservation and distribution was observed from the bone modification evidence and fish skeletal element distribution. Furthermore, the fish remains reveal information regarding the fishing environments and implications in the climatic changes in the region of Gulf of Kachchh. Significantly, this study contributes to the overall understanding of the subsistence (animal and plant-based) of the Harappans at Kanmer, in addition to emphasising the potential of ichthyoarchaeological studies in the South Asian region. Such approaches, so far, have been lacking in this region despite the presence of fish bone assemblages from excavations in significant quantities.
Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata) is distributed from the Southwest of the Japanese archipelag... more Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata) is distributed from the Southwest of the Japanese archipelago to Taiwan. In this study, re-sequencing against the orange (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck) chloroplast genome was applied to one superior landrace of Shiikuwasha cultivated in Oku ward, Okinawa, Japan. The chloroplast genome of the landrace was estimated to comprise 160,118 bp, including 48 indels and 71 nucleotide substitutions against the reference genome. The presumptive chloroplast indels were confirmed by subsequent experiments, and these identified multiple maternal lineages among other landraces. Some of the orange SSR markers were available for genotyping of other superior landraces and were able to distinguish among them. These molecular markers were then applied for evaluation of genetic diversity among wild and cultivated Shiikuwasha accessions. Except for Oku ward, the cultivated populations were found to have lost their genetic diversity in comparison with wild populations. Groves in Oku ward maintained, or showed even higher genetic diversity than wild accessions in the surrounding areas by the force of villagers.
This article presents the results of 4 excavation seasons in which botanical and animal remains w... more This article presents the results of 4 excavation seasons in which botanical and animal remains were collected at the Harappan site of Kanmer in the Kachchh District of Gujarat, India. The findings revealed a subsistence economy consisting of food production with domesticated plants and animals, hunting, fishing, and wild plant gathering. Cultural relics and radiocarbon dating support our identification of different cultural periods at the site. This study provides new insights into the subsistence strategies during different phases of occupation and offers the potential for new subsistence models to be applied at nearby sites, particularly in this peripheral zone of the Indus civilization.
... Kanmer: A Multicultural Site in Kachchh, Gujarat, India JS KHARAKWAL*, YS RAWAT** , T. OSADA*... more ... Kanmer: A Multicultural Site in Kachchh, Gujarat, India JS KHARAKWAL*, YS RAWAT** , T. OSADA***, LC PATEL*, Hanmukh SETH*, ... Period KMR IIa is composed of compact yellowish fine sandy clay (pila lilva) deposit, which was perhaps used as binding material in the walls. ...
South Asia represents a major region of linguistic complexity, encompassing at least five phyla t... more South Asia represents a major region of linguistic complexity, encompassing at least five phyla that have been interacting over millennia. Although the larger languages are well-documented, many others are little-known. A significant issue in the analysis of the linguistic history of the region is the extent to which agriculture is relevant to the expansion of the individual phyla. The paper reviews recent evidence for correlations between the major language phyla and archaeology. It identifies four language isolates, Burushaski, Kusunda, Nihali and Shom Pen and proposes that these are witnesses from a period when linguistic diversity was significantly greater. Appendices present the agricultural vocabulary from the first three language isolates, to establish its likely origin. The innovative nature of Kusunda lexemes argue that these people were not hunter-gatherers who have turned to agriculture, but rather former cultivators who reverted to foraging. The paper concludes with a ca...
Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (... more Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (Hakuoh University) Ganesh Murmu (Ranchi University) Toshiki Osada (Kyoto University of Art and Design) Table of Contents 0. Introduction 0.1 Previous Studies 0.2 Method ...
Anil K. Pokharia*, Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, R. S. Rawat, Toshiki Osada, C. M. Nautiyal and Alka Sr... more Anil K. Pokharia*, Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, R. S. Rawat, Toshiki Osada, C. M. Nautiyal and Alka Srivastava Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226 007, India Institute of Rajasthan Studies, Udaipur 313 001, India Gujarat State Department of Archaeology, Gandhinagar 382 017, India Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan Department of Botany, DG (PG) College, Civil Lines, Kanpur 208 001, India
Preface Crocodile in the Indus Civilization & later South Asian traditions On the Asiatic wil... more Preface Crocodile in the Indus Civilization & later South Asian traditions On the Asiatic wild asses & their vernacular names The Harappan unicorn in Eurasian & South Asian perspectives Unicorn, Mammoth, Whale: Mythological & etymological connections of zoonyms in North & East Asia The Harappa Culture in North Gujarat: a Regional Paradigm.
Gengo Kenkyu: Journal of the Linguistic Society of Japan, 1999
L'A. presente une nouvelle analyse des constructions experientielles d'un point de vue sy... more L'A. presente une nouvelle analyse des constructions experientielles d'un point de vue syntaxique et examine le sujet (experienciateur) datif comme un trait de l'aire sud-asiatique. Il montre que, dans ce domaine, le mundari differe des langues indo-aryennes
It is well known that huge cities of ancient civilization, such as Mohenjo-daro, were abandoned d... more It is well known that huge cities of ancient civilization, such as Mohenjo-daro, were abandoned during the post-urban Harappan period. Many reasons for the declination of Harappan culture have been estimated since 19th century, for example huge earthquake, devastative flooding, climate change etc. The Lost Saraswati hypothesis would be one of major estimations for the declination. One of the leading candidates for present remnant of lost Saraswati is the Ghaggar-Hakra River that originates in the Lower and Sub Himalayas of northwestern India. It flows westerly in the Punjab plain and disappears into Cholisthan deseart as a dried river bed. Naruse(1974) and Yashipal et al.(1980) said the Ghaggar had used to connect with glacial area in the Higher Himalayas through the Sutlej or Yamuna River course, however been disconnected by piracy due to crustal uplift or rejuvenation of adjacent river. We have tried to examine the hypothesis from the view point of chronology of flood plains and s...
Mon - Khmer Studies: a journal of Austroasiatic philology, 2004
Page 1. A historical note on inclusive/exclusive opposition in South Asian languages -Borrowing o... more Page 1. A historical note on inclusive/exclusive opposition in South Asian languages -Borrowing or Retention or Innovation?-1 Toshiki OSADA Kyoto University of Art and Design, Kyoto 0. Introduction According to the most recent ...
Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (... more Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (Hakuoh University) Ganesh Murmu (Ranchi University) Toshiki Osada (Kyoto University of Art and Design) Table of Contents 0. Introduction 0.1 Previous Studies 0.2 Method ...
Abstract Through an ichthyoarchaeological approach, 452 fish skeletal elements were identified to... more Abstract Through an ichthyoarchaeological approach, 452 fish skeletal elements were identified to taxonomic levels from 1220 fragments of fish bones from the excavation of Harappan settlement at Kanmer in Gujarat datable to c. 2600–1900 BCE. Nine fish families were identified which include Latidae, Bagridae, Sparidae, Ariidae, Siluridae, Carcharhinidae/Dasyatidae, Cyprinidae, Haemulidae and Sciaenidae. This paper presents aspects of fish utilization at Kanmer which include the diversity of fish species used, the temporal changes in fish consumption, the spatial distribution of fish, the pattern of fish processing, fishing environments and their reflections on climatic changes. At the site, the marine fishery was dominated along with the parallel existence of freshwater fishery and the latter was intensified during the late part of the occupation. The pattern of fish processing, preservation and distribution was observed from the bone modification evidence and fish skeletal element distribution. Furthermore, the fish remains reveal information regarding the fishing environments and implications in the climatic changes in the region of Gulf of Kachchh. Significantly, this study contributes to the overall understanding of the subsistence (animal and plant-based) of the Harappans at Kanmer, in addition to emphasising the potential of ichthyoarchaeological studies in the South Asian region. Such approaches, so far, have been lacking in this region despite the presence of fish bone assemblages from excavations in significant quantities.
Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata) is distributed from the Southwest of the Japanese archipelag... more Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata) is distributed from the Southwest of the Japanese archipelago to Taiwan. In this study, re-sequencing against the orange (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck) chloroplast genome was applied to one superior landrace of Shiikuwasha cultivated in Oku ward, Okinawa, Japan. The chloroplast genome of the landrace was estimated to comprise 160,118 bp, including 48 indels and 71 nucleotide substitutions against the reference genome. The presumptive chloroplast indels were confirmed by subsequent experiments, and these identified multiple maternal lineages among other landraces. Some of the orange SSR markers were available for genotyping of other superior landraces and were able to distinguish among them. These molecular markers were then applied for evaluation of genetic diversity among wild and cultivated Shiikuwasha accessions. Except for Oku ward, the cultivated populations were found to have lost their genetic diversity in comparison with wild populations. Groves in Oku ward maintained, or showed even higher genetic diversity than wild accessions in the surrounding areas by the force of villagers.
This article presents the results of 4 excavation seasons in which botanical and animal remains w... more This article presents the results of 4 excavation seasons in which botanical and animal remains were collected at the Harappan site of Kanmer in the Kachchh District of Gujarat, India. The findings revealed a subsistence economy consisting of food production with domesticated plants and animals, hunting, fishing, and wild plant gathering. Cultural relics and radiocarbon dating support our identification of different cultural periods at the site. This study provides new insights into the subsistence strategies during different phases of occupation and offers the potential for new subsistence models to be applied at nearby sites, particularly in this peripheral zone of the Indus civilization.
... Kanmer: A Multicultural Site in Kachchh, Gujarat, India JS KHARAKWAL*, YS RAWAT** , T. OSADA*... more ... Kanmer: A Multicultural Site in Kachchh, Gujarat, India JS KHARAKWAL*, YS RAWAT** , T. OSADA***, LC PATEL*, Hanmukh SETH*, ... Period KMR IIa is composed of compact yellowish fine sandy clay (pila lilva) deposit, which was perhaps used as binding material in the walls. ...
South Asia represents a major region of linguistic complexity, encompassing at least five phyla t... more South Asia represents a major region of linguistic complexity, encompassing at least five phyla that have been interacting over millennia. Although the larger languages are well-documented, many others are little-known. A significant issue in the analysis of the linguistic history of the region is the extent to which agriculture is relevant to the expansion of the individual phyla. The paper reviews recent evidence for correlations between the major language phyla and archaeology. It identifies four language isolates, Burushaski, Kusunda, Nihali and Shom Pen and proposes that these are witnesses from a period when linguistic diversity was significantly greater. Appendices present the agricultural vocabulary from the first three language isolates, to establish its likely origin. The innovative nature of Kusunda lexemes argue that these people were not hunter-gatherers who have turned to agriculture, but rather former cultivators who reverted to foraging. The paper concludes with a ca...
Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (... more Page 1. Report on a preliminary survey of the dialects of Kherwarian languages Masato Kobayashi (Hakuoh University) Ganesh Murmu (Ranchi University) Toshiki Osada (Kyoto University of Art and Design) Table of Contents 0. Introduction 0.1 Previous Studies 0.2 Method ...
Anil K. Pokharia*, Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, R. S. Rawat, Toshiki Osada, C. M. Nautiyal and Alka Sr... more Anil K. Pokharia*, Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, R. S. Rawat, Toshiki Osada, C. M. Nautiyal and Alka Srivastava Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226 007, India Institute of Rajasthan Studies, Udaipur 313 001, India Gujarat State Department of Archaeology, Gandhinagar 382 017, India Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan Department of Botany, DG (PG) College, Civil Lines, Kanpur 208 001, India
Preface Crocodile in the Indus Civilization & later South Asian traditions On the Asiatic wil... more Preface Crocodile in the Indus Civilization & later South Asian traditions On the Asiatic wild asses & their vernacular names The Harappan unicorn in Eurasian & South Asian perspectives Unicorn, Mammoth, Whale: Mythological & etymological connections of zoonyms in North & East Asia The Harappa Culture in North Gujarat: a Regional Paradigm.
Gengo Kenkyu: Journal of the Linguistic Society of Japan, 1999
L'A. presente une nouvelle analyse des constructions experientielles d'un point de vue sy... more L'A. presente une nouvelle analyse des constructions experientielles d'un point de vue syntaxique et examine le sujet (experienciateur) datif comme un trait de l'aire sud-asiatique. Il montre que, dans ce domaine, le mundari differe des langues indo-aryennes
It is well known that huge cities of ancient civilization, such as Mohenjo-daro, were abandoned d... more It is well known that huge cities of ancient civilization, such as Mohenjo-daro, were abandoned during the post-urban Harappan period. Many reasons for the declination of Harappan culture have been estimated since 19th century, for example huge earthquake, devastative flooding, climate change etc. The Lost Saraswati hypothesis would be one of major estimations for the declination. One of the leading candidates for present remnant of lost Saraswati is the Ghaggar-Hakra River that originates in the Lower and Sub Himalayas of northwestern India. It flows westerly in the Punjab plain and disappears into Cholisthan deseart as a dried river bed. Naruse(1974) and Yashipal et al.(1980) said the Ghaggar had used to connect with glacial area in the Higher Himalayas through the Sutlej or Yamuna River course, however been disconnected by piracy due to crustal uplift or rejuvenation of adjacent river. We have tried to examine the hypothesis from the view point of chronology of flood plains and s...
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