Raymond Laureano-Ortiz
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER, MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT, AND HISTORIAN PURSUING INTERDISCIPLINARY AND INNOVATIVE VENTURES AROUND THE GLOBE
Strategic Projects / Academia / Technology / Public Policy / Entrepreneurship
Laureano's research interests include [1] historical perspectives on paradiplomacy (international venturing by subnational governments), [2] the evolution of the so called innovation ecosystem as a strategy for economic development, [3] history's path towards inclusiveness (i.e., the evolution of history to include perspectives of various sectors of society previously marginalized or ignored), and [4] the digital heritage (i.e., the consideration of alternatives to digitize document and editorial collections of historical value for a more effective dissemination).
Laureano has worked as an engineer, management consultant, and project manager in engagements across different industries (e.g., banking, telecommunications, manufacturing, utilities, healthcare, and government) in Puerto Rico, the US, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia. In Puerto Rico, he has been part of the team in charge of strategic projects to promote industrial and entrepreneurial investments in areas related to science and technology innovation.
Laureano has been involved in research related to artificial intelligence (expert systems), telecommunications policy, the historical perspectives of Puerto Rico's and Caribbean paradiplomacy, and Puerto Rico's innovation ecosystem. He has taught at the undergraduate and graduate levels in the fields of computer engineering, telecommunications, e-business, information systems, innovation management, introduction to social sciences, and the history, culture, and current affairs of Puerto Rico, the US, the Caribbean, Latin America, and the world.
Phone: +1 787 644 8482
Address: Puerto Rico
Strategic Projects / Academia / Technology / Public Policy / Entrepreneurship
Laureano's research interests include [1] historical perspectives on paradiplomacy (international venturing by subnational governments), [2] the evolution of the so called innovation ecosystem as a strategy for economic development, [3] history's path towards inclusiveness (i.e., the evolution of history to include perspectives of various sectors of society previously marginalized or ignored), and [4] the digital heritage (i.e., the consideration of alternatives to digitize document and editorial collections of historical value for a more effective dissemination).
Laureano has worked as an engineer, management consultant, and project manager in engagements across different industries (e.g., banking, telecommunications, manufacturing, utilities, healthcare, and government) in Puerto Rico, the US, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia. In Puerto Rico, he has been part of the team in charge of strategic projects to promote industrial and entrepreneurial investments in areas related to science and technology innovation.
Laureano has been involved in research related to artificial intelligence (expert systems), telecommunications policy, the historical perspectives of Puerto Rico's and Caribbean paradiplomacy, and Puerto Rico's innovation ecosystem. He has taught at the undergraduate and graduate levels in the fields of computer engineering, telecommunications, e-business, information systems, innovation management, introduction to social sciences, and the history, culture, and current affairs of Puerto Rico, the US, the Caribbean, Latin America, and the world.
Phone: +1 787 644 8482
Address: Puerto Rico
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Journal Articles by Raymond Laureano-Ortiz
El particular vínculo de libre asociación que tiene Puerto Rico (PR) con Estados Unidos (EEUU) ha influenciado la relación que tiene la Isla con CARICOM y sus entidades asociadas. Igualmente, la interacción con esta entidad caribeña ha sido matizada por el vaivén del gobierno de Puerto Rico entre el pragmatismo económico y el afán por una proyección identitaria autónoma, aún durante los momentos de acercamiento a la región caribeña. Esta relación, sin embargo, continúa enfrentando el reto latente de activar su potencial al máximo dada la proximidad geográfica de ambas partes, el sinnúmero de elementos culturales e históricos comunes y la presión de las corrientes globales.
Book Chapters by Raymond Laureano-Ortiz
The historical investigation highlighted in this account focuses in the 1980s and the 1990s as a period of significant international activity or paradiplomacy by the government of Puerto Rico, especially with jurisdictions within Puerto Rico’s immediate Greater Caribbean region. Puerto Rico also grew closer ties with the rest of the Americas and other parts of the globe, particularly Spain, Japan, and their respective continents.
This external activity by Puerto Rico emerged amid the geopolitical tensions of the Cold War and economic trends such as the continued international division of labor in industrial production and two parallel movements in world trade – liberalization and regionalization. In Puerto Rico’s immediate region, these tensions and trends were embodied in the eighties by the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI). In the nineties, they were felt through NAFTA, the European Community, and the FTAA.
En esta alianza birregional, los territorios franceses, británicos y neerlandeses en el Caribe constituyen la presencia directa de la Unión Europea en la región y, por lo tanto, una mayor paradiplomacia regional de estos (i.e., una mayor participación internacional de los mismos como gobiernos subnacionales dentro de la región) tiene el potencial de fortalecer la participación, el compromiso y la respuesta oportuna de la UE en cuestiones urgentes relacionadas con la vulnerabilidad climática.
también a los territorios del Caribe asociados a países fuera de la región.
La colaboración para abordar esta urgencia es una de las áreas de interés dentro de los esfuerzos por insertar al Caribe de un modo más significativo en la relación birregional entre la Unión Europea (UE) y la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC). En esta alianza birregional, los territorios franceses, británicos y
neerlandeses en el Caribe constituyen la presencia directa de la Unión Europea en la región y, por lo tanto, una mayor paradiplomacia regional de estos (o sea, una mayor participación internacional de los mismos como gobiernos subnacionales dentro de la región) tiene el potencial de fortalecer la participación, el compromiso y la respuesta
oportuna de la UE en cuestiones urgentes relacionadas con la vulnerabilidad climática.
In this bi-regional partnership, the French, British, and Dutch territories in the Caribbean constitute the direct presence of the European Union in the region and, therefore, their increased regional paradiplomacy (i.e., their increased international participation as subnational governments within the region) has the potential to strengthen the involvement, the commitment, and the timely response of the EU to pressing issues related to climate vulnerability.
The EU-CELAC Partnership can benefit from the leverage of the EU overseas territories in the Caribbean as implementation agents of the EU commitments in the partnership. These Caribbean overseas territories are the EU from the legal point of view and they are LAC geographically. At the same time, they can be viewed as converging points for both the EU and the Caribbean history and culture.
La particular relación de libre asociación que tiene Puerto Rico (PR) con Estados Unidos (EEUU) ha influenciado la relación que tiene la Isla con CARICOM y sus entidades asociadas. Igualmente, dicha relación ha sido matizada por el vaivén del gobierno de Puerto Rico entre el pragmatismo económico y el afán por una proyección identitaria autónoma, aún durante los momentos de acercamiento a la región caribeña. Esta relación, sin embargo, continúa enfrentando el reto latente de activar su potencial al máximo dada la proximidad geográfica de ambas partes, el sinnúmero de elementos culturales e históricos comunes y la presión de las corrientes globales.
La relation particulière de libre association que Porto Rico (PR) entretient avec les États-Unis (US) a influencé les rapports de l'Île avec la CARICOM et ses organismes associés. De même, cette relation a été nuancée par le va-et-vient du gouvernement de Porto Rico entre le pragmatisme économique et le souci d'une projection identitaire autonome, même pendant les périodes de rapprochement avec la région caribéenne. Cette relation, cependant, continue à se heurter au défi latent d’activer pleinement son potentiel vu la proximité géographique des deux parties, les innombrables éléments culturels et historiques communs et la pression des flux mondiaux.
To build a knowledge base (model) for a model-based diagnostic system, both system structure and component function need to be described. The automated knowledge generation (AKG) system extracts descriptive information about the components of a system as well as their interconnectivity data from CAD databases. Instead of simply performing a direct translation of the CAD data, the modules that compose the AKG system cooperatively correct any inconsistencies in the CAD representations and supply the function information. This information is not found in CAD but is vital for the effective modeling of the systems to be diagnosed and their individual components. The AKG goal to automatically build a functional knowledge base for a model-based diagnostic system with minimal human intervention.
Conference Presentations by Raymond Laureano-Ortiz
Un periodo de gran actividad exterior del gobierno de Puerto Rico está constituido por las décadas del 1980 y el 1990. Fue un periodo de estrechamiento de vínculos con las jurisdicciones en la región grancaribeña inmediata de Puerto Rico, en el resto del continente americano y en otras partes del globo, particularmente España, Japón y sus respectivos continentes.
Esta actividad exterior de Puerto Rico emergió en medio de las tensiones geopolíticas de la Segunda Guerra Fría y tendencias económicas como la continuada división internacional de las labores de producción industrial y dos movimientos paralelos en el comercio mundial – liberalización y regionalización. En la región inmediata de Puerto Rico, estas tensiones y tendencias se manifestaron en los ochenta a través de la Iniciativa de la Cuenca del Caribe (ICC). En los noventa, fueron palpadas a través del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN), la emergencia de la Comunidad Europea y las negociaciones hacia el Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas (ALCA).
However, the importance of these issues and the urgency to resolve them now seems more critical given the complexities and challenges of the coming Information Age and the increasingly global economy. Steps taken toward the resolution of these policy issues by creating the appropriate planning and regulatory mechanisms would contribute to the goal of converting the island into an international telecommunications hub and economic center. This, in turn, would provide the island with an alternative to its dependent economy, ensure a place in the emerging information-based global economy, and improve
the quality of life of the island's citizens.
Puerto Rico is subject to certain limitations imposed by the U.S. federal jurisdiction over some aspects of the island's telecommunications. In addition to this reality, this study takes into account the local telecommunications history, the recent events in the island's telecommunications policy and regulation, the trends of an emerging telecommunications environment in the U.S. and Puerto Rico, the strategic planning efforts of several U.S. states, and the regulatory models of countries with government-owned telecommunications systems in order to propose the creation of two entities to guide the planning and regulation of telecommunications in Puerto Rico.
El particular vínculo de libre asociación que tiene Puerto Rico (PR) con Estados Unidos (EEUU) ha influenciado la relación que tiene la Isla con CARICOM y sus entidades asociadas. Igualmente, la interacción con esta entidad caribeña ha sido matizada por el vaivén del gobierno de Puerto Rico entre el pragmatismo económico y el afán por una proyección identitaria autónoma, aún durante los momentos de acercamiento a la región caribeña. Esta relación, sin embargo, continúa enfrentando el reto latente de activar su potencial al máximo dada la proximidad geográfica de ambas partes, el sinnúmero de elementos culturales e históricos comunes y la presión de las corrientes globales.
The historical investigation highlighted in this account focuses in the 1980s and the 1990s as a period of significant international activity or paradiplomacy by the government of Puerto Rico, especially with jurisdictions within Puerto Rico’s immediate Greater Caribbean region. Puerto Rico also grew closer ties with the rest of the Americas and other parts of the globe, particularly Spain, Japan, and their respective continents.
This external activity by Puerto Rico emerged amid the geopolitical tensions of the Cold War and economic trends such as the continued international division of labor in industrial production and two parallel movements in world trade – liberalization and regionalization. In Puerto Rico’s immediate region, these tensions and trends were embodied in the eighties by the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI). In the nineties, they were felt through NAFTA, the European Community, and the FTAA.
En esta alianza birregional, los territorios franceses, británicos y neerlandeses en el Caribe constituyen la presencia directa de la Unión Europea en la región y, por lo tanto, una mayor paradiplomacia regional de estos (i.e., una mayor participación internacional de los mismos como gobiernos subnacionales dentro de la región) tiene el potencial de fortalecer la participación, el compromiso y la respuesta oportuna de la UE en cuestiones urgentes relacionadas con la vulnerabilidad climática.
también a los territorios del Caribe asociados a países fuera de la región.
La colaboración para abordar esta urgencia es una de las áreas de interés dentro de los esfuerzos por insertar al Caribe de un modo más significativo en la relación birregional entre la Unión Europea (UE) y la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC). En esta alianza birregional, los territorios franceses, británicos y
neerlandeses en el Caribe constituyen la presencia directa de la Unión Europea en la región y, por lo tanto, una mayor paradiplomacia regional de estos (o sea, una mayor participación internacional de los mismos como gobiernos subnacionales dentro de la región) tiene el potencial de fortalecer la participación, el compromiso y la respuesta
oportuna de la UE en cuestiones urgentes relacionadas con la vulnerabilidad climática.
In this bi-regional partnership, the French, British, and Dutch territories in the Caribbean constitute the direct presence of the European Union in the region and, therefore, their increased regional paradiplomacy (i.e., their increased international participation as subnational governments within the region) has the potential to strengthen the involvement, the commitment, and the timely response of the EU to pressing issues related to climate vulnerability.
The EU-CELAC Partnership can benefit from the leverage of the EU overseas territories in the Caribbean as implementation agents of the EU commitments in the partnership. These Caribbean overseas territories are the EU from the legal point of view and they are LAC geographically. At the same time, they can be viewed as converging points for both the EU and the Caribbean history and culture.
La particular relación de libre asociación que tiene Puerto Rico (PR) con Estados Unidos (EEUU) ha influenciado la relación que tiene la Isla con CARICOM y sus entidades asociadas. Igualmente, dicha relación ha sido matizada por el vaivén del gobierno de Puerto Rico entre el pragmatismo económico y el afán por una proyección identitaria autónoma, aún durante los momentos de acercamiento a la región caribeña. Esta relación, sin embargo, continúa enfrentando el reto latente de activar su potencial al máximo dada la proximidad geográfica de ambas partes, el sinnúmero de elementos culturales e históricos comunes y la presión de las corrientes globales.
La relation particulière de libre association que Porto Rico (PR) entretient avec les États-Unis (US) a influencé les rapports de l'Île avec la CARICOM et ses organismes associés. De même, cette relation a été nuancée par le va-et-vient du gouvernement de Porto Rico entre le pragmatisme économique et le souci d'une projection identitaire autonome, même pendant les périodes de rapprochement avec la région caribéenne. Cette relation, cependant, continue à se heurter au défi latent d’activer pleinement son potentiel vu la proximité géographique des deux parties, les innombrables éléments culturels et historiques communs et la pression des flux mondiaux.
To build a knowledge base (model) for a model-based diagnostic system, both system structure and component function need to be described. The automated knowledge generation (AKG) system extracts descriptive information about the components of a system as well as their interconnectivity data from CAD databases. Instead of simply performing a direct translation of the CAD data, the modules that compose the AKG system cooperatively correct any inconsistencies in the CAD representations and supply the function information. This information is not found in CAD but is vital for the effective modeling of the systems to be diagnosed and their individual components. The AKG goal to automatically build a functional knowledge base for a model-based diagnostic system with minimal human intervention.
Un periodo de gran actividad exterior del gobierno de Puerto Rico está constituido por las décadas del 1980 y el 1990. Fue un periodo de estrechamiento de vínculos con las jurisdicciones en la región grancaribeña inmediata de Puerto Rico, en el resto del continente americano y en otras partes del globo, particularmente España, Japón y sus respectivos continentes.
Esta actividad exterior de Puerto Rico emergió en medio de las tensiones geopolíticas de la Segunda Guerra Fría y tendencias económicas como la continuada división internacional de las labores de producción industrial y dos movimientos paralelos en el comercio mundial – liberalización y regionalización. En la región inmediata de Puerto Rico, estas tensiones y tendencias se manifestaron en los ochenta a través de la Iniciativa de la Cuenca del Caribe (ICC). En los noventa, fueron palpadas a través del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN), la emergencia de la Comunidad Europea y las negociaciones hacia el Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas (ALCA).
However, the importance of these issues and the urgency to resolve them now seems more critical given the complexities and challenges of the coming Information Age and the increasingly global economy. Steps taken toward the resolution of these policy issues by creating the appropriate planning and regulatory mechanisms would contribute to the goal of converting the island into an international telecommunications hub and economic center. This, in turn, would provide the island with an alternative to its dependent economy, ensure a place in the emerging information-based global economy, and improve
the quality of life of the island's citizens.
Puerto Rico is subject to certain limitations imposed by the U.S. federal jurisdiction over some aspects of the island's telecommunications. In addition to this reality, this study takes into account the local telecommunications history, the recent events in the island's telecommunications policy and regulation, the trends of an emerging telecommunications environment in the U.S. and Puerto Rico, the strategic planning efforts of several U.S. states, and the regulatory models of countries with government-owned telecommunications systems in order to propose the creation of two entities to guide the planning and regulation of telecommunications in Puerto Rico.
Un periodo de gran actividad exterior del gobierno de Puerto Rico está constituido por las décadas del 1980 y el 1990. Fue un periodo de estrechamiento de vínculos con las jurisdicciones en la región grancaribeña inmediata de Puerto Rico, en el resto del continente americano y en otras partes del globo, particularmente España, Japón y sus respectivos continentes.
Esta actividad exterior de Puerto Rico emergió en medio de las tensiones geopolíticas de la Segunda Guerra Fría y tendencias económicas como la continuada división internacional de las labores de producción industrial y dos movimientos paralelos en el comercio mundial – liberalización y regionalización. En la región inmediata de Puerto Rico, estas tensiones y tendencias se manifestaron en los ochenta a través de la Iniciativa de la Cuenca del Caribe (ICC). En los noventa, fueron palpadas a través del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN), la emergencia de la Comunidad Europea y las negociaciones hacia el Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas (ALCA).
********************
Within the space for international venturing that Puerto Rico has had as non-sovereign state in its particular relationship with the US since 1952, the government of the island has been inserted and is still involved in the increasingly global networks for trade, production, cooperation, and exchange. These relations typically associated with nation- states are today pursued by several other entities including political sub-units of these sovereign states – such as federated states, departments, provinces, and cities. The activity of global interaction by these entities that do not fit the definition of a sovereign state’s central government is known as paradiplomacy.
The 1980s and the 1990s were a period of significant international activity by the government of Puerto Rico. It was a period of closer ties with jurisdictions in Puerto Rico’s immediate Greater Caribbean region, in the rest of the Americas and in other parts of the globe, particularly Spain, Japan, and their respective continents.
This external activity by Puerto Rico emerged amid the geopolitical tensions of the Second Cold War and economic trends such as the continued international division of labor in industrial production and two parallel movements in world trade – liberalization and regionalization. In Puerto Rico’s immediate region, these tensions and trends were embodied in the eighties by the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI). In the nineties, they were felt through North American Free Trade Agreements (NAFTA), the emergence of the European Community, and the negotiations towards the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA).
However, the importance of these issues and the urgency to resolve them now seems more critical given the complexities and challenges of the coming Information Age and the increasingly global economy. Steps taken toward the resolution of these policy issues by creating the appropriate planning and regulatory mechanisms would contribute to the goal of converting the island into an international telecommunications hub and economic center. This, in turn, would provide the island with an alternative to its dependent economy, ensure a place in the emerging information-based global economy, and improve
the quality of life of the island's citizens.
Puerto Rico is subject to certain limitations imposed by the U.S. federal jurisdiction over some aspects of the island's telecommunications. In addition to this reality, this study takes into account the local telecommunications history, the recent events in the island's telecommunications policy and regulation, the trends of an emerging telecommunications environment in the U.S. and Puerto Rico, the strategic planning efforts of several U.S. states, and the regulatory models of countries with government-owned telecommunications systems in order to propose the creation of two entities to guide the planning and regulation of telecommunications in Puerto Rico.
Property appraisal or valuation is a domain characterized by having a single parameter in its solution, that is, the value of the property being appraised. This makes it differ from most of the domains in which case-based reasoning have been attempted. Those other domains require the satisfaction of multiple goals, which are related to one another in some type of explanation or plan. Because of the fact that property appraisal has a single goal, it is particularly important to find the best possible answer for that solution. In addition to this, the achievement of consistency is also essential in this domain in which different experts may reach different answers, even having the same data at their disposition.
By modelling the market data approach of the appraisal, using adaptations of case-based reasoning techniques, such as the similarity links and the critics, and integrating other techniques, such as the use of comfort factors, a case-based reasoner for property appraisal is implemented addressing the issues just mentioned above.
Laureano-Ortiz, Raymond. “La paradiplomacia de Puerto Rico: Una investigación viabilizada por la Fundación Biblioteca Rafael Hernández Colón”. Historia a tu alcance: Boletín informativo Fundación Biblioteca RHC (Ponce, Puerto Rico), August 2017, p. 4, December 2017, p. 4, January-March 2018, p. 4.
Serie de tres artículos en el boletín de la Fundación Biblioteca Rafael Hernández Colón (con sede en Ponce, Puerto Rico) con la siguiente ficha bibliográfica:
Laureano-Ortiz, Raymond. “La paradiplomacia de Puerto Rico: Una investigación viabilizada por la Fundación Biblioteca Rafael Hernández Colón”. Historia a tu alcance: Boletín informativo Fundación Biblioteca RHC (Ponce, Puerto Rico), agosto 2017, pág. 4, diciembre 2017, pág. 4, enero-marzo 2018, pág. 4.