Characterization and identification of bacteria is by Ram Bharagava
Heavy metal pollution in an aquatic ecosystem due to anthropogenic activities poses a major threa... more Heavy metal pollution in an aquatic ecosystem due to anthropogenic activities poses a major threat to its viability and environmental sustainability. The present study is an attempt to investigate metal accumulation potential of metals Cd, Fe and biochemical aspects of aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia crassipes and Trapa natans as a model phytoremediation tool. Investigations have been carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and biochemical parameters of Chlorophyll, Protein, Proline, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitrate and Nitrite content. Our observations indicate that Eichhornia crassipes have high accumulation efficiency of Fe over Trapa natans. Among the plant parts, roots showed the high metal accumulation potential as compared to shoot. However on high concentration, metal accumulation photosynthetic pigments and protein content is reduced. A promotive effect on amino acid (proline content) and enzyme activities (Malondialdehyde content) has been observed under metal a...
Environmental PollutantsandTheir Bioremediation Approaches
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Environmental PollutantsandTheir Bioremediation Approaches, 2017
Journal of Environmental Management, 2016
Journal of Water and Health, 2015
Water is critical for life, but many people do not have access to clean and safe drinking water a... more Water is critical for life, but many people do not have access to clean and safe drinking water and die because of waterborne diseases. The analysis of drinking water for the presence of indicator microorganisms is key to determining microbiological quality and public health safety. However, drinking water-related illness outbreaks are still occurring worldwide. Moreover, different indicator microorganisms are being used in different countries as a tool for the microbiological examination of drinking water. Therefore, it becomes very important to understand the potentials and limitations of indicator microorganisms before implementing the guidelines and regulations designed by various regulatory agencies. This review provides updated information on traditional and alternative indicator microorganisms with merits and demerits in view of their role in managing the waterborne health risks as well as conventional and molecular methods proposed for monitoring of indicator and pathogenic ...
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 240, 2016
Leather industries are key contributors in the economy of many developing countries, but unfortun... more Leather industries are key contributors in the economy of many developing countries, but unfortunately they are facing serious challenges from the public and governments due to the associated environmental pollution. There is a public outcry against the industry due to the discharge of potentially toxic wastewater having alkaline pH, dark brown colour, unpleasant odour, high biological and chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids and a mixture of organic and inorganic pollutants. Various environment protection agencies have prioritized several chemicals as hazardous and restricted their use in leather processing however; many of these chemicals are used and discharged in wastewater. Therefore, it is imperative to adequately treat/detoxify the tannery wastewater for environmental safety. This paper provides a detail review on the environmental pollution and toxicity profile of tannery wastewater and chemicals. Furthermore, the status and advances in the existing treatment approaches used for the treatment and/or detoxification of tannery wastewater at both laboratory and pilot/industrial scale have been reviewed. In addition, the emerging treatment approaches alone or in combination with biological treatment approaches have also been considered. Moreover, the limitations of existing and emerging treatment approaches have been summarized and potential areas for further investigations have been discussed. In addition, the clean technologies for waste minimization, control and management are also discussed. Finally, the international legislation scenario on discharge limits for tannery wastewater and chemicals has also been discussed country wise with discharge standards for pollution prevention due to tannery wastewater.
Springer Nature, 2021
The practice of wastewater irrigation lessens the pressure on the aquatic environment by minimizi... more The practice of wastewater irrigation lessens the pressure on the aquatic environment by minimizing the use of freshwater resources. However, this may lead to significant damage to the human health and environments. Recycled wastewater possesses a substantial amount of nutrients that act as fertilizers for crops and facilitate the metabolic action of microorganisms. The major advantages of wastewater irrigation are increased agricultural production, nutrient recycling, reduced stress on freshwater, economical support and provision of livelihoods for farmers. However, several harmful impacts of wastewater irrigation are also prominent due to inappropriate wastewater management and irrigation practices. These include severe hazards to farmer's health, contamination of agricultural land and crops with toxic metals, chemical compounds, salts and microbial pathogens. In addition, long-term irrigation using wastewater can significantly affect the groundwater through leakage of salty a...
Environmental Pollutants and Their Bioremediation Approaches
Microorganisms
The production of diverse and extended spectrum β-lactamases among Escherichia coli and ESKAPE pa... more The production of diverse and extended spectrum β-lactamases among Escherichia coli and ESKAPE pathogens is a growing threat to clinicians and public health. We aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of evolving trends of antimicrobial resistance and β-lactamases among E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acine to bacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) in the Arabian region. A systematic review was conducted in Medline PubMed on papers published between January 2000 and February 2020 on countries in the Arab region showing different antibiotic resistance among E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens. A total of n = 119,144 clinical isolates were evaluated for antimicrobial resistance in 19 Arab countries. Among these clinical isolates, 74,039 belonged to E. coli and ESKAPE pathogen. Distribution of antibiotic resistance among E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens indicated that E. coli (n = 32,038) was the predom...
Advances in Biology, 2016
Pulp and paper mill effluent induced phytotoxicity and genotoxicity in mung bean (Vigna radiata L... more Pulp and paper mill effluent induced phytotoxicity and genotoxicity in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) and root tip cells of onion (Allium cepa L.) were investigated. Physicochemical characteristics such as electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD 5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phenols of the pulp and paper mill effluent were beyond the permissible limit specified for the discharge of effluent in inland water bodies. Compared to control plants, seedling exposed to 100% effluent concentration showed a reduction in root and shoot length and biomass by 65%, 67%, and 84%, respectively, after 5 days of treatment. A. cepa root tip cells exposed to effluent concentrations ranging from 25 to 100% v/v showed a significant decrease in mitotic index (MI) from 32 to 11% with respect to control root tip cells (69%) indicating effluent induced cytotoxicity. Further, the effluent induced DNA damage as evidenced by the presence of various chromosomal aberrations like stickiness, chromosome loss, anaphase bridge, c-mitosis, tripolar anaphase, vagrant chromosome, and telophase bridge and micronucleated and binucleated cell in A. cepa. Findings of the present study indicate that pulp and paper mill effluents may act as genotoxic and phytotoxic agents in plant model system.
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
Emerging and Eco-Friendly Approaches for Waste Management
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Characterization and identification of bacteria is by Ram Bharagava