Medicinal plants have been the main remedy to treat various ailments for a long time and nowadays... more Medicinal plants have been the main remedy to treat various ailments for a long time and nowadays, many drugs have been developed from traditional medicine. This paper reviews some medicinal plants and their main constituents which possess anti-inflammatory activities useful for curing joint inflammation, inflammatory skin disorders, cardiovascular inflammation and other inflammatory diseases. Here, we provide a brief overview of quick and easy reading on the role of medicinal plants and their main constituents in these inflammatory diseases. We hope that this overview will shed some light on the function of these natural anti-inflammatory compounds and attract the interest of investigators aiming at the design of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions.
Generally, the study is a very potential one and is based on the rationalization traditional ther... more Generally, the study is a very potential one and is based on the rationalization traditional therapies. It is a good finding and could be useful addition for the journal. Therefore I recommend for publication.
Background: The present therapeutic agents for the treatment of pain, inflammation and pyrexia ar... more Background: The present therapeutic agents for the treatment of pain, inflammation and pyrexia are not very effective and accompanied by various side effects. Therefore, new effective agents are the most wanted. The present study investigates the anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of crude methanol extract of Hypericum oblongifolium. Methods: In vivo acetic acid induced writhing and hot plate tests were used for antinociceptive effects at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p. The anti-inflammatory and antipyretic potential of methanol extract were tested in carrageenan induced paw edema in mice and yeast induced hyperthermia respectively. Results: The extract doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p. revealed significant inhibitory effect (P < 0.001) in acetic acid induced writhing test. Pretreatment of extract at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p. produced significant anti-inflammatory effect (P < 0.001) in the carrageenan induced paw edema. The methanol extract also showed significant antipyretic effect in yeast induced hyperthermia in mice during various assessment times. Conclusions: The methanol extract of H. oblongifolium showed significant anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects in various animal models and thus validates the traditional uses of the plant in said conditions.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, Nov 25, 2012
In the present research work we analysed branded formulation of Pakistani herbal medicines for de... more In the present research work we analysed branded formulation of Pakistani herbal medicines for detection of arsenic. The samples were collected from local market of Swabi, KPK, Pakistan. These samples were manufactured by well known herbal industries of Pakistan and the products are famous among the public. All the samples were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometer equipped with MHS-10 flow injection system. In comparison with international permissible limit for plants materials, all the tested samples were found not to be accumulating the arsenic in toxic concentration, even some of the products were totally free of arsenic contents. The daily consumption of arsenic from these products was calculated from recommended manufacturer dose. The daily consumption of arsenic (As) from our tested products was in the range of 0.2 to 57 µg/day. The highest accumulation of As was noticed against Typhex (28.5 to 57 µg/day) followed by Biomint (17.82 µg/day), Injabar (9.24 µg/day) and Y-lin (8.90 µg/day). In conclusion the tested products have not any toxic level of arsenic contamination.
In this antimicrobial study, various extracts of Green and Black tea (Camellia sinensis) and Lemo... more In this antimicrobial study, various extracts of Green and Black tea (Camellia sinensis) and Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citrates) were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against six bacterial strains including both human pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi) and plant pathogenic bacteria (Erwinia carotovora, Agro bacterium tumifaciens) and one fungal strain Candida albicans by disc diffusion susceptibility method. Of human pathogens, P. aeruginosa was most susceptible to all three different tea varieties; though rest of the strains also demonstrated prominent sensitivity. In comparison, black tea extracts were less activities than green tea and lemon grass. However, all the three tea varieties illustrated profound activity against plant pathogenic bacteria. Similarly, when extracts of tea were tested against C. albicans, green tea and lemon grass exhibited significant activity while black tea was mostly inactive.
ABSTRACT In the present work the antimicrobial activity of leaves of Echinacea purpurea and whole... more ABSTRACT In the present work the antimicrobial activity of leaves of Echinacea purpurea and whole plant of Artemisia scoparia were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus atrophoeous (human pathogenic bacteria) Ervinia carotovora, Agrobaterium tumefactions (plant pathogenic bacteria) and a fungus, Candida albicans by using agar disc diffusion method. Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Clotrimazole were used as standard antibiotics. The extracts of E. purpurea showed marked susceptibility against the microbes when tested in two different concentrations (1 mg/6 μl and 2 mg/12 μl). Similarly the whole plant of Artemisia scoparia produced significant activity against tested pathogens but was comparatively less pronounced. Based on the results, it is concluded that the extract of both plant could be effective natural healing agents against infections caused by the test organisms.
Journal Chemical Society of Pakistan, May 16, 2010
Abstract The present study was designed to estimate the concentration of heavy toxic metals in Pa... more Abstract The present study was designed to estimate the concentration of heavy toxic metals in Pakistani herbal products frequently used for the treatment of various ailments. For this purpose, twenty five herbal products of well reputed herbal manufacturers were selected. ...
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mar 1, 2014
The present study deals with the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of paracet... more The present study deals with the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of paracetamol and chloroquine in an in vitro protocol using Michaelis Menten parameters (Apparent Michaelis Constant (aKm) and Apparent Maximum Velocity (aVm). Paracetamol showed marked inhibition of the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase. The inhibitory values for aKm and aVm were 65.6% 51.36% respectively, which reduced with respect to control and therefore, proposed an un-competitive type of antagonism. When chloroquine was tested, it showed 45.14% inhibition for aKm which increased while 69.21% for aVm decreased with respect to control; proposed a mixed type of antagonism. In conclusion, the cholinergic intervention by paracetamol in this study suggested a new mechanism for its analgesic activity as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have already shown both peripheral and central analgesic activity, while the cholinergic activation by chloroquine provided explanation for some of its side effects.
The present study was conducted to evaluate Conyza bonariensis for its antimicrobial and phytotox... more The present study was conducted to evaluate Conyza bonariensis for its antimicrobial and phytotoxic potentials. The crude methanolic extract and its subsequent solvent fractions were tested for its antibacterial, antifungal and phytotoxic effects. Regarding the antimicrobial effect, tested samples were effective against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Klebsella and the rest bacteria showed resistance against all the tested samples. The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed maximum activity with zone of inhibition 14 and 13 mm, while the n-hexane fraction was not effective at lower dose. The standard drug (streptomycin) was far most effective than the tested extracts having zone of inhibition 35 mm. The maximum fungicidal effect against Cladosporium cucumerinum was demonstrated by ethyl acetate followed by chloroform and crude extract with percent inhibitory activity of 38, 32 and 29 respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction was also most effective against Candida albicans with percent activity of 35 followed by chloroform and crude methanolic extract with percent inhibitory effect of 28 and 25. The maximum phytotoxic effect was produced with chloroform fraction followed by ethyl acetate with LD 50 values 16.6 and 17.78. On the basis of the present research work, Conyza bonariensis is recommended for its antimicrobial and phytotoxic effect.
African Journal of Microbiology Research, Mar 18, 2011
The crude methanol extract of the whole plant of Cestrum nocturnum L. (Solanaceae) and its subseq... more The crude methanol extract of the whole plant of Cestrum nocturnum L. (Solanaceae) and its subsequent fractions were tested against various bacterial and fungal strains. With the exception of Salmonella typhi, the tested samples showed marked antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aurous, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexenari. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged from 19 to 280 µg/ml. The crude extract and fractions were also susceptible to Candida species and Microsporium canis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for various fungi ranged from 170 to 290 µg/ml. In phytochemical analysis, the crude form and fractions of plant showed the presence of various phytochemical chemical groups like glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, sterols and tannins. Therefore, the current findings can be attributed to these groups.
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jan 15, 2013
Cisplatin has been used therapeutically in the treatment of malignant tumors. Meanwhile, the majo... more Cisplatin has been used therapeutically in the treatment of malignant tumors. Meanwhile, the major limitations associated with cisplatin are its side effects in the form of nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, emetogensis and emerging resistance. Most of these problems are due to its adverse effects on the body's endogenous cytoprotective molecules like glutathione (GSH). In current study, the effect of glutathione on the improvement of cisplatin therapy along with control on its growing problem of resistance was emphasized. The effect of cisplatin on the chemical and metabolic status of glutathione was evaluated in human venous blood after its separation in to plasma and cellular fraction using ultra violet (UV)-visible spectrophotometer. The glutathione in isolated plasma and cellular fractions of the blood was exposed to different concentrations of cisplatin. It was found that there was a gradual depletion in the concentration of reduced glutathione. Similarly, time-dependent effect of cisplatin was also evaluated on the status of glutathione, in which positive correlation was found between exposure of glutathione to the given concentrations of cisplatin and the depletion of reduced glutathione as the time passed from 0 to 5 h. This depletion in the concentration of reduced GSH is either due to formation of Pt-SG complex or due to the conversion of this multifunctional molecule (glutathione) to its physiologically inactive disulfide form (GSSG). This study was carried out in vitro, which in principle depicts a model of in vivo reaction. This decrease in blood GSH levels after cisplatin treatment will result in decreased antioxidant capacity of the blood, which in turn will result in numerous pathological conditions.
Page 1. Pak. J. Bot., 42(6): 3995-4002, 2010. QUANTIFICATION OF VARIOUS METALS AND CYTOTOXIC PROF... more Page 1. Pak. J. Bot., 42(6): 3995-4002, 2010. QUANTIFICATION OF VARIOUS METALS AND CYTOTOXIC PROFILE OF AERIAL PARTS OF POLYGONATUM VERTICILLATUM MUHAMMAD SAEED 1 , HAROON KHAN 1 , MURAD ALI KHAN 2 , ...
Lithium remains a mainstay in the acute and prophylactic treatment of bipolar affective disorder.... more Lithium remains a mainstay in the acute and prophylactic treatment of bipolar affective disorder. It is used in the augmentation of antidepressant treatment and, less frequently, in the augmentation of antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia. It is reported to have specific anti-suicidal effects. Systematic reviews by the Cochrane collaboration and others have examined the evidence base or its use in these contexts. Thus it is interesting to study the effect of Lithium on the Glutathione. The effect of Lithium on the chemical status of the glutathione in plasma has been studied using Ellman's method. The effect of Lithium on the chemical status of glutathione was determined in plasma for concentration and time dependent effects. There was found a drastic effect on decreasing the concentration of glutathione in plasma as the concentration is increased and time has passed. The decrease in the Glutathione level was concentration and time of interaction dependent, probably due to oxidation of GSH to corresponding disulphide (GSSG).In this paper the effect of Lithium metal on thiol /GSH level was discussed in vitro, which in principal may present a model of in vivo reaction.
The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent so... more The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent solvent fractions were screened for brine shrimp cytotoxic, phytotoxic, insecticidal activities and phytochemical studies. Profound cytotoxicity was displayed by the crude methanolic extract (LD 50 42.43 μg/ml). However, the cytotoxic potential was not much altered by the fractionation. The plant also expressed low phytotoxicity against Lemna acquinoctialis Welv and the highest phytotoxicity was exhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction (33%) at 1000 μg/ml. Interestingly, negative phytotoxic effect was also computed; aqueous fraction expressed maximum phytotoxic effect (13.79%) at 10 μg/ml. Overall poor insecticidal activity was observed in which the n-butanol fraction exhibited the highest activity against Callosdruchus analis (40%) followed by the chloroform fraction (35%). Results revealed significant cytotoxicity of the extracts and therefore, can be a potential new natural source for the treatment of different types of cancers. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of various pharmacological groups especially alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids and saponins.
The present study reports on the antioxidant potential of five cyclopeptide alkaloids isolated fr... more The present study reports on the antioxidant potential of five cyclopeptide alkaloids isolated from Zizyphus oxyphylla including Oxyphylline-D 1, Nummularin-C 2, Nummularin-R 3, Oxyphylline-B 4, Oxyphylline C 5 using DPPH free radical assay, nitric oxide radical assay and reducing power assay. The isolated alkaloids demonstrated marked antioxidant potential in a concentration dependent manner. Among the tested molecules, the compounds, 2 was most potent with IC50 values of 27.23, 32.03 and 22.45 µg/ml in DPPH free radical assay, nitric oxide radical assay and reducing power assay respectively.
In-vitro urease inhibitory and thermal induced protein denaturation inhibitory activitieswasperfo... more In-vitro urease inhibitory and thermal induced protein denaturation inhibitory activitieswasperformed for two commonly used herbal productsEndemali and Akseer ULCER in the treatment of ulcers.Objectives:to evaluate the antiulcer potential of two commonly used herbal products, Endemali, Akseer ULCER. Material and Method: In urease inhibitory assay , enzyme solution, extract, diferentregaents added and absorbance was measured at 630 nm (50 min, pH 8.2) and thiourea used as standard. In protein denaturation assay the egg albumin was mixed with different concentration of test compounds, buffer absorbance was measured.Aspirin was used as standard. Results: The Endemalihad a profound effect on the urease activity in a concentration dependent manner with EC50 valueof 0.468 mg/ml. The Akseer ULCER antagonized the urease activity markedly with EC50value of 0.374 mg/ml.These tested herbal products caused marked inhibition of thermal induced protein denaturation in a concentration dependent ma...
Eruca sativa Miller is a worldwide common alimentary plant (rocket leaves). The aim of this study... more Eruca sativa Miller is a worldwide common alimentary plant (rocket leaves). The aim of this study was to correlate the potential in vitro scavenging activity of the E. sativa hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) with its in vivo hypoglycaemic effect. In DDPH free radical (DFR) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power assays, HAE in a concentration dependent manner (25-100 μg/mL) displayed a strong scavenging activity with maximum effect of 88% and 75% at 100 μg/mL, respectively. Daily administration of HAE (50 mg/kg; p.o.) in the in vivo model of alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits for 28 days showed significant reduction in glycaemia, also supported by recovery of body weight. In conclusion, our results give preliminary information on the potential use of this plant as a nutraceutical, useful to control and/or prevent a hyperglycaemic status.
Medicinal plants have been the main remedy to treat various ailments for a long time and nowadays... more Medicinal plants have been the main remedy to treat various ailments for a long time and nowadays, many drugs have been developed from traditional medicine. This paper reviews some medicinal plants and their main constituents which possess anti-inflammatory activities useful for curing joint inflammation, inflammatory skin disorders, cardiovascular inflammation and other inflammatory diseases. Here, we provide a brief overview of quick and easy reading on the role of medicinal plants and their main constituents in these inflammatory diseases. We hope that this overview will shed some light on the function of these natural anti-inflammatory compounds and attract the interest of investigators aiming at the design of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions.
Generally, the study is a very potential one and is based on the rationalization traditional ther... more Generally, the study is a very potential one and is based on the rationalization traditional therapies. It is a good finding and could be useful addition for the journal. Therefore I recommend for publication.
Background: The present therapeutic agents for the treatment of pain, inflammation and pyrexia ar... more Background: The present therapeutic agents for the treatment of pain, inflammation and pyrexia are not very effective and accompanied by various side effects. Therefore, new effective agents are the most wanted. The present study investigates the anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of crude methanol extract of Hypericum oblongifolium. Methods: In vivo acetic acid induced writhing and hot plate tests were used for antinociceptive effects at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p. The anti-inflammatory and antipyretic potential of methanol extract were tested in carrageenan induced paw edema in mice and yeast induced hyperthermia respectively. Results: The extract doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p. revealed significant inhibitory effect (P < 0.001) in acetic acid induced writhing test. Pretreatment of extract at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p. produced significant anti-inflammatory effect (P < 0.001) in the carrageenan induced paw edema. The methanol extract also showed significant antipyretic effect in yeast induced hyperthermia in mice during various assessment times. Conclusions: The methanol extract of H. oblongifolium showed significant anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects in various animal models and thus validates the traditional uses of the plant in said conditions.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, Nov 25, 2012
In the present research work we analysed branded formulation of Pakistani herbal medicines for de... more In the present research work we analysed branded formulation of Pakistani herbal medicines for detection of arsenic. The samples were collected from local market of Swabi, KPK, Pakistan. These samples were manufactured by well known herbal industries of Pakistan and the products are famous among the public. All the samples were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometer equipped with MHS-10 flow injection system. In comparison with international permissible limit for plants materials, all the tested samples were found not to be accumulating the arsenic in toxic concentration, even some of the products were totally free of arsenic contents. The daily consumption of arsenic from these products was calculated from recommended manufacturer dose. The daily consumption of arsenic (As) from our tested products was in the range of 0.2 to 57 µg/day. The highest accumulation of As was noticed against Typhex (28.5 to 57 µg/day) followed by Biomint (17.82 µg/day), Injabar (9.24 µg/day) and Y-lin (8.90 µg/day). In conclusion the tested products have not any toxic level of arsenic contamination.
In this antimicrobial study, various extracts of Green and Black tea (Camellia sinensis) and Lemo... more In this antimicrobial study, various extracts of Green and Black tea (Camellia sinensis) and Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citrates) were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against six bacterial strains including both human pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi) and plant pathogenic bacteria (Erwinia carotovora, Agro bacterium tumifaciens) and one fungal strain Candida albicans by disc diffusion susceptibility method. Of human pathogens, P. aeruginosa was most susceptible to all three different tea varieties; though rest of the strains also demonstrated prominent sensitivity. In comparison, black tea extracts were less activities than green tea and lemon grass. However, all the three tea varieties illustrated profound activity against plant pathogenic bacteria. Similarly, when extracts of tea were tested against C. albicans, green tea and lemon grass exhibited significant activity while black tea was mostly inactive.
ABSTRACT In the present work the antimicrobial activity of leaves of Echinacea purpurea and whole... more ABSTRACT In the present work the antimicrobial activity of leaves of Echinacea purpurea and whole plant of Artemisia scoparia were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus atrophoeous (human pathogenic bacteria) Ervinia carotovora, Agrobaterium tumefactions (plant pathogenic bacteria) and a fungus, Candida albicans by using agar disc diffusion method. Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Clotrimazole were used as standard antibiotics. The extracts of E. purpurea showed marked susceptibility against the microbes when tested in two different concentrations (1 mg/6 μl and 2 mg/12 μl). Similarly the whole plant of Artemisia scoparia produced significant activity against tested pathogens but was comparatively less pronounced. Based on the results, it is concluded that the extract of both plant could be effective natural healing agents against infections caused by the test organisms.
Journal Chemical Society of Pakistan, May 16, 2010
Abstract The present study was designed to estimate the concentration of heavy toxic metals in Pa... more Abstract The present study was designed to estimate the concentration of heavy toxic metals in Pakistani herbal products frequently used for the treatment of various ailments. For this purpose, twenty five herbal products of well reputed herbal manufacturers were selected. ...
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mar 1, 2014
The present study deals with the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of paracet... more The present study deals with the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of paracetamol and chloroquine in an in vitro protocol using Michaelis Menten parameters (Apparent Michaelis Constant (aKm) and Apparent Maximum Velocity (aVm). Paracetamol showed marked inhibition of the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase. The inhibitory values for aKm and aVm were 65.6% 51.36% respectively, which reduced with respect to control and therefore, proposed an un-competitive type of antagonism. When chloroquine was tested, it showed 45.14% inhibition for aKm which increased while 69.21% for aVm decreased with respect to control; proposed a mixed type of antagonism. In conclusion, the cholinergic intervention by paracetamol in this study suggested a new mechanism for its analgesic activity as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have already shown both peripheral and central analgesic activity, while the cholinergic activation by chloroquine provided explanation for some of its side effects.
The present study was conducted to evaluate Conyza bonariensis for its antimicrobial and phytotox... more The present study was conducted to evaluate Conyza bonariensis for its antimicrobial and phytotoxic potentials. The crude methanolic extract and its subsequent solvent fractions were tested for its antibacterial, antifungal and phytotoxic effects. Regarding the antimicrobial effect, tested samples were effective against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Klebsella and the rest bacteria showed resistance against all the tested samples. The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed maximum activity with zone of inhibition 14 and 13 mm, while the n-hexane fraction was not effective at lower dose. The standard drug (streptomycin) was far most effective than the tested extracts having zone of inhibition 35 mm. The maximum fungicidal effect against Cladosporium cucumerinum was demonstrated by ethyl acetate followed by chloroform and crude extract with percent inhibitory activity of 38, 32 and 29 respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction was also most effective against Candida albicans with percent activity of 35 followed by chloroform and crude methanolic extract with percent inhibitory effect of 28 and 25. The maximum phytotoxic effect was produced with chloroform fraction followed by ethyl acetate with LD 50 values 16.6 and 17.78. On the basis of the present research work, Conyza bonariensis is recommended for its antimicrobial and phytotoxic effect.
African Journal of Microbiology Research, Mar 18, 2011
The crude methanol extract of the whole plant of Cestrum nocturnum L. (Solanaceae) and its subseq... more The crude methanol extract of the whole plant of Cestrum nocturnum L. (Solanaceae) and its subsequent fractions were tested against various bacterial and fungal strains. With the exception of Salmonella typhi, the tested samples showed marked antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aurous, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexenari. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged from 19 to 280 µg/ml. The crude extract and fractions were also susceptible to Candida species and Microsporium canis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for various fungi ranged from 170 to 290 µg/ml. In phytochemical analysis, the crude form and fractions of plant showed the presence of various phytochemical chemical groups like glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, sterols and tannins. Therefore, the current findings can be attributed to these groups.
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jan 15, 2013
Cisplatin has been used therapeutically in the treatment of malignant tumors. Meanwhile, the majo... more Cisplatin has been used therapeutically in the treatment of malignant tumors. Meanwhile, the major limitations associated with cisplatin are its side effects in the form of nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, emetogensis and emerging resistance. Most of these problems are due to its adverse effects on the body's endogenous cytoprotective molecules like glutathione (GSH). In current study, the effect of glutathione on the improvement of cisplatin therapy along with control on its growing problem of resistance was emphasized. The effect of cisplatin on the chemical and metabolic status of glutathione was evaluated in human venous blood after its separation in to plasma and cellular fraction using ultra violet (UV)-visible spectrophotometer. The glutathione in isolated plasma and cellular fractions of the blood was exposed to different concentrations of cisplatin. It was found that there was a gradual depletion in the concentration of reduced glutathione. Similarly, time-dependent effect of cisplatin was also evaluated on the status of glutathione, in which positive correlation was found between exposure of glutathione to the given concentrations of cisplatin and the depletion of reduced glutathione as the time passed from 0 to 5 h. This depletion in the concentration of reduced GSH is either due to formation of Pt-SG complex or due to the conversion of this multifunctional molecule (glutathione) to its physiologically inactive disulfide form (GSSG). This study was carried out in vitro, which in principle depicts a model of in vivo reaction. This decrease in blood GSH levels after cisplatin treatment will result in decreased antioxidant capacity of the blood, which in turn will result in numerous pathological conditions.
Page 1. Pak. J. Bot., 42(6): 3995-4002, 2010. QUANTIFICATION OF VARIOUS METALS AND CYTOTOXIC PROF... more Page 1. Pak. J. Bot., 42(6): 3995-4002, 2010. QUANTIFICATION OF VARIOUS METALS AND CYTOTOXIC PROFILE OF AERIAL PARTS OF POLYGONATUM VERTICILLATUM MUHAMMAD SAEED 1 , HAROON KHAN 1 , MURAD ALI KHAN 2 , ...
Lithium remains a mainstay in the acute and prophylactic treatment of bipolar affective disorder.... more Lithium remains a mainstay in the acute and prophylactic treatment of bipolar affective disorder. It is used in the augmentation of antidepressant treatment and, less frequently, in the augmentation of antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia. It is reported to have specific anti-suicidal effects. Systematic reviews by the Cochrane collaboration and others have examined the evidence base or its use in these contexts. Thus it is interesting to study the effect of Lithium on the Glutathione. The effect of Lithium on the chemical status of the glutathione in plasma has been studied using Ellman's method. The effect of Lithium on the chemical status of glutathione was determined in plasma for concentration and time dependent effects. There was found a drastic effect on decreasing the concentration of glutathione in plasma as the concentration is increased and time has passed. The decrease in the Glutathione level was concentration and time of interaction dependent, probably due to oxidation of GSH to corresponding disulphide (GSSG).In this paper the effect of Lithium metal on thiol /GSH level was discussed in vitro, which in principal may present a model of in vivo reaction.
The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent so... more The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent solvent fractions were screened for brine shrimp cytotoxic, phytotoxic, insecticidal activities and phytochemical studies. Profound cytotoxicity was displayed by the crude methanolic extract (LD 50 42.43 μg/ml). However, the cytotoxic potential was not much altered by the fractionation. The plant also expressed low phytotoxicity against Lemna acquinoctialis Welv and the highest phytotoxicity was exhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction (33%) at 1000 μg/ml. Interestingly, negative phytotoxic effect was also computed; aqueous fraction expressed maximum phytotoxic effect (13.79%) at 10 μg/ml. Overall poor insecticidal activity was observed in which the n-butanol fraction exhibited the highest activity against Callosdruchus analis (40%) followed by the chloroform fraction (35%). Results revealed significant cytotoxicity of the extracts and therefore, can be a potential new natural source for the treatment of different types of cancers. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of various pharmacological groups especially alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids and saponins.
The present study reports on the antioxidant potential of five cyclopeptide alkaloids isolated fr... more The present study reports on the antioxidant potential of five cyclopeptide alkaloids isolated from Zizyphus oxyphylla including Oxyphylline-D 1, Nummularin-C 2, Nummularin-R 3, Oxyphylline-B 4, Oxyphylline C 5 using DPPH free radical assay, nitric oxide radical assay and reducing power assay. The isolated alkaloids demonstrated marked antioxidant potential in a concentration dependent manner. Among the tested molecules, the compounds, 2 was most potent with IC50 values of 27.23, 32.03 and 22.45 µg/ml in DPPH free radical assay, nitric oxide radical assay and reducing power assay respectively.
In-vitro urease inhibitory and thermal induced protein denaturation inhibitory activitieswasperfo... more In-vitro urease inhibitory and thermal induced protein denaturation inhibitory activitieswasperformed for two commonly used herbal productsEndemali and Akseer ULCER in the treatment of ulcers.Objectives:to evaluate the antiulcer potential of two commonly used herbal products, Endemali, Akseer ULCER. Material and Method: In urease inhibitory assay , enzyme solution, extract, diferentregaents added and absorbance was measured at 630 nm (50 min, pH 8.2) and thiourea used as standard. In protein denaturation assay the egg albumin was mixed with different concentration of test compounds, buffer absorbance was measured.Aspirin was used as standard. Results: The Endemalihad a profound effect on the urease activity in a concentration dependent manner with EC50 valueof 0.468 mg/ml. The Akseer ULCER antagonized the urease activity markedly with EC50value of 0.374 mg/ml.These tested herbal products caused marked inhibition of thermal induced protein denaturation in a concentration dependent ma...
Eruca sativa Miller is a worldwide common alimentary plant (rocket leaves). The aim of this study... more Eruca sativa Miller is a worldwide common alimentary plant (rocket leaves). The aim of this study was to correlate the potential in vitro scavenging activity of the E. sativa hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) with its in vivo hypoglycaemic effect. In DDPH free radical (DFR) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power assays, HAE in a concentration dependent manner (25-100 μg/mL) displayed a strong scavenging activity with maximum effect of 88% and 75% at 100 μg/mL, respectively. Daily administration of HAE (50 mg/kg; p.o.) in the in vivo model of alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits for 28 days showed significant reduction in glycaemia, also supported by recovery of body weight. In conclusion, our results give preliminary information on the potential use of this plant as a nutraceutical, useful to control and/or prevent a hyperglycaemic status.
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Papers by Dr Haroon Khan