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Harry Schulz

Auburn University, Civil/Environmental Engineering, Faculty Member

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RESUME':...............Harry Edmar Schulz – September 2023E-mail: hes0071@auburn.edu...............SUMMARY...............Experienced academic researcher, teacher, Professor. Solid Mathematics and Physics background oriented to Engineering problems. Activities initially focused on Hydraulics and on applying fluid mechanics and transport phenomena to environmental problems, like interfacial mass transfer and sedimentation. Evolution of interests in direction to Nonlinear Differential Equations, Turbulence, Particle Physics, Interpretation of complex results and real results in the quantification of physical phenomena. Teaching activities also cover Engineering Mechanics................SKILLS...............- Self-motivated.- Focused on the solution of the proposed problems.- First thinking then acting personality.- “Peripheral view” when searching for solutions.- Ability to work independently and in group.

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Papers by Harry Schulz

Avaliação das equações de previsão do coeficiente de reaeração do modelo qual2e para modelação de oxigênio dissolvido no Ribeirão do Feijão (São Carlos-SP): estudo de caso. Parte II

Caderno de Resumos, 1997

Modelagem matemática do escoamento em aquíferos: uma abordagem pelo método de elementos analíticos

Hydraulic analysis of skimming flows along stepped chutes

Self-areation is a predominant phenomenon of flow on stepped spillways. At the upstream end the f... more Self-areation is a predominant phenomenon of flow on stepped spillways. At the upstream end the flow is smooth and no air entrainment occurs. Therefore, the flow turns into the so called "white water" or two-phase flow only after a distance has been traversed, which may involve some steps. Strongly aerated flows also present high levels of turbulence. The air inception begins in the cross section where the turbulent boundary layer intersects the water surface. Of course, the air is incorporated into the water along a distance in which the flow is still not fully aerated. The flow is named fully areated when the air bubbles achieve the bottom of the channel. The air entrainment continues until the flow achieves an uniform air distribution along the channel, usually named as "fully developed flow" [1, 2]. In this study we consider skimmimg flows, which are mainly characterized by the transfer of momentum from the main stream to the recirculation zones between the s...

Software livre de CFD em computação paralela para simulação 2D de escoamentos turbulentos confinados

Microscopical sensors for oxygen measurement at air-water interfaces and sediment biofilms

Absorção e dessorção de gases através da interface ar-água em sistemas de agitação mecânica

Hydrodynamics - Concepts and Experiments

Hydrodynamics - Natural Water Bodies

Desenvolvimento de lagoas de maturação aquecidas com energia solar visando ao reuso de águas

Proposição de uma escadaria com drenagem associada: estudo numérico via dinâmica dos fluidos computacional

Revista DAE, Dec 20, 2022

Propõe-se um novo modelo de escadaria drenante para solucionar problemas existentes em algumas es... more Propõe-se um novo modelo de escadaria drenante para solucionar problemas existentes em algumas escadarias convencionais. As equações de Navier-Stokes com médias de Reynolds, conservação de massa e o modelo de turbulência k-ε foram utilizadas para simular o escoamento na escadaria. Os tipos de escoamentos, a energia dissipada e o fator de resistência apresentaram aderência a dados experimentais da literatura. O padrão de escoamento estabelecido na escada indica haver baixo risco de queda de pessoas. Alturas máximas de escoamento foram calculadas, possibilitando o pré-dimensionamento de muros laterais que evitem o acesso da água às casas. Pressões e forças também foram calculadas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a escadaria proposta tem elevado potencial de redução do risco de acidentes, além de evitar a invasão das habitações vizinhas pelas águas vindas de versões precedentes dessas escadas e os colapsos estruturais devidos aos vazamentos nas tubulações instaladas embaixo das escadas. Palavras-chave: Canal em degraus. Drenagem. escadaria drenante.

O estado da arte sobre escoamentos em quedas sucessivas em canais com o fundo em degraus

Revista DAE, Dec 20, 2022

Apresenta-se uma revisão da literatura sobre os escoamentos em quedas sucessivas, assim como a re... more Apresenta-se uma revisão da literatura sobre os escoamentos em quedas sucessivas, assim como a respeito de escoamentos sobre um degrau. Foram analisadas metodologias para a previsão do alcance do jato, alturas características dos escoamentos, energia dissipada e eficiência de reoxigenação. As equações foram comparadas entre si e com dados experimentais, fornecendo informações sobre desvios, concordâncias, divergências e lacunas de conhecimento devido à falta de dados. Concluiu-se não haver concordância entre as metodologias para o cálculo da energia dissipada por um degrau e para o alcance do jato. Para mais de um degrau, não há consenso sobre a previsão da ocorrência do regime estudado e seus sub-regimes. Há lacunas sobre o cálculo da energia dissipada e poucos estudos sobre a reaeração. Tais lacunas e potenciais avanços sobre o tema conduziram, no presente trabalho, à proposição de uma equação para a energia dissipada e uma equação para o cálculo da eficiência da reaeração.

Camada limite e início da aeração em vertedouro em degraus: soluções numéricas obtidas com o modelo k-ε

Anais, 2015

Contribuição Numérica Para O Estudo De Escoamentos Em Quedas Sucessivas e Aplicações À Drenagem Numerical Study of the Nappe Flow for Drainage Purposes

Stability of Solids in Stepped Flume Nappe Flows: Subsidies for Human Stability in Flows

Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 2021

Knowing the details of the interaction between people and runoff flows caused by heavy rainfall o... more Knowing the details of the interaction between people and runoff flows caused by heavy rainfall or by floods due for example by the rupture of reservoirs or dams is essential to prevent accidents with humans. There are information in the literature on the equilibrium capacity of individuals partially immersed in flows occurring in flat-bottomed channels, but there are many gaps regarding the use of urban draining staircases during the occurrence of rainfalls that generate runoff over their steps, and their impact on people. This study considered the effect of the flow on the stability of five obstacles positioned on one of the steps of a reduced model of a draining staircase. The results were used to calculate dimensionless parameters which involve the mass and height of the obstacle, the water density, critical depth of the flow and step height. These parameters were justified by a fundamental toppling and drag formulation, and good correlations between the obtained dimensionless parameters were obtained following adequate power laws. Comparisons between the data obtained in the present reduced model of staircase and literature data of flat bottom channels showed similar behaviors. Finally, a scaling procedure to compare results of different scales and situations was also presented. Excellent correlations using different literature data and those of the present study were obtained.

Métodos Computacionais em Hidráulica

Microscopic sensors for oxygen measurements at air-water interfaces and in sediment biofilms

Microelectrodes were built to measure the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in different positi... more Microelectrodes were built to measure the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in different positions in the interior of biofilm reactors at laboratorial scale. The use of only one kind of measurement equipment facilitates the data analyses and comparisons of records obtained at different points in the reactor. This study presents the manufacturing details of the microsensors, as well as the results for measurements at the air-water interface and in biofilms. The tests were conducted in two laboratory equipments, a tank with oscillating grids and a flow cell. The results show that the microsensors are adequate for both measurements: at the air-water interface and in biofilms.

Helping to Overcome Chalkboard Reading Difficulties

International journal of environmental and science education, 2018

A case study is presented, showing results and discussion of a procedure followed to help the rea... more A case study is presented, showing results and discussion of a procedure followed to help the reading from chalkboards. A conceptual model of words hierarchy is presented for the usual reading. The difficulty of locating the relevant word in a board or page is considered in the context of this model. A device named shortly “Line Finder” is then proposed as a help to maintain the correct sequence of words in a line when reading from the chalkboard. The results are discussed considering 1) a positive effect of the device, and 2) the possibility of increasing attention of the child during the experiment, which may affect the conclusions. The first results are positive, but the two possibilities point to the convenience of more studies, in order to allow comparisons and statistical analyses. To obtain a proper exploratory prototype for the device, the joint work of professionals of different areas was necessary (in this case, pharmacy linked to education, and engineering). The methodolo...

Gráficos Ilustrativos Relativos a Um Caso De Oclusão De Veia Principal Da Retina

Water Films and Hydroplaning on Highways: Hydrodynamic Aspects

Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements, 2021

AbstractThe quantification of water depths resulting from rain events on highways is presented us... more

Mass Transfer Through Free Surface Boundary Layers Using a Statistical Approach

Computational and Experimental Methods in Multiphase and Complex Flow X, Jul 30, 2019

Mass exchange through gas-liquid interfaces, whose liquid side has a turbulent nature, are still ... more Mass exchange through gas-liquid interfaces, whose liquid side has a turbulent nature, are still difficult to quantify due to the unclosed set of turbulence equations, which are also nonlinear. This paper describes an efficient method to overcome this difficulty, by substituting the statistical variables of the original equations by statistical relationships furnished by the Random Square Waves (RSW) tool. Oscillatory records are simplified using random square waves (ideal and binary), which allow a theoretical statistical treatment of the signals. This tool was applied to the concentration boundary layer at the gas-liquid interface. Normalized mass fluxes and mean concentration profiles were obtained using Taylor-series-based solutions, which allow for consideration of transient situations through the successive calculation of the higher order coefficients (derivatives). Comparisons with experimental data available in open literature are presented as a first evaluation of the Taylor series, showing promising results. This method is a viable tool, and this study shows novel conclusions that reproduce general tendencies observed in one-dimensional mass transfer phenomena in boundary layers.

Avaliação das equações de previsão do coeficiente de reaeração do modelo qual2e para modelação de oxigênio dissolvido no Ribeirão do Feijão (São Carlos-SP): estudo de caso. Parte II

Caderno de Resumos, 1997

Modelagem matemática do escoamento em aquíferos: uma abordagem pelo método de elementos analíticos

Hydraulic analysis of skimming flows along stepped chutes

Self-areation is a predominant phenomenon of flow on stepped spillways. At the upstream end the f... more Self-areation is a predominant phenomenon of flow on stepped spillways. At the upstream end the flow is smooth and no air entrainment occurs. Therefore, the flow turns into the so called "white water" or two-phase flow only after a distance has been traversed, which may involve some steps. Strongly aerated flows also present high levels of turbulence. The air inception begins in the cross section where the turbulent boundary layer intersects the water surface. Of course, the air is incorporated into the water along a distance in which the flow is still not fully aerated. The flow is named fully areated when the air bubbles achieve the bottom of the channel. The air entrainment continues until the flow achieves an uniform air distribution along the channel, usually named as "fully developed flow" [1, 2]. In this study we consider skimmimg flows, which are mainly characterized by the transfer of momentum from the main stream to the recirculation zones between the s...

Software livre de CFD em computação paralela para simulação 2D de escoamentos turbulentos confinados

Microscopical sensors for oxygen measurement at air-water interfaces and sediment biofilms

Absorção e dessorção de gases através da interface ar-água em sistemas de agitação mecânica

Hydrodynamics - Concepts and Experiments

Hydrodynamics - Natural Water Bodies

Desenvolvimento de lagoas de maturação aquecidas com energia solar visando ao reuso de águas

Proposição de uma escadaria com drenagem associada: estudo numérico via dinâmica dos fluidos computacional

Revista DAE, Dec 20, 2022

Propõe-se um novo modelo de escadaria drenante para solucionar problemas existentes em algumas es... more Propõe-se um novo modelo de escadaria drenante para solucionar problemas existentes em algumas escadarias convencionais. As equações de Navier-Stokes com médias de Reynolds, conservação de massa e o modelo de turbulência k-ε foram utilizadas para simular o escoamento na escadaria. Os tipos de escoamentos, a energia dissipada e o fator de resistência apresentaram aderência a dados experimentais da literatura. O padrão de escoamento estabelecido na escada indica haver baixo risco de queda de pessoas. Alturas máximas de escoamento foram calculadas, possibilitando o pré-dimensionamento de muros laterais que evitem o acesso da água às casas. Pressões e forças também foram calculadas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a escadaria proposta tem elevado potencial de redução do risco de acidentes, além de evitar a invasão das habitações vizinhas pelas águas vindas de versões precedentes dessas escadas e os colapsos estruturais devidos aos vazamentos nas tubulações instaladas embaixo das escadas. Palavras-chave: Canal em degraus. Drenagem. escadaria drenante.

O estado da arte sobre escoamentos em quedas sucessivas em canais com o fundo em degraus

Revista DAE, Dec 20, 2022

Apresenta-se uma revisão da literatura sobre os escoamentos em quedas sucessivas, assim como a re... more Apresenta-se uma revisão da literatura sobre os escoamentos em quedas sucessivas, assim como a respeito de escoamentos sobre um degrau. Foram analisadas metodologias para a previsão do alcance do jato, alturas características dos escoamentos, energia dissipada e eficiência de reoxigenação. As equações foram comparadas entre si e com dados experimentais, fornecendo informações sobre desvios, concordâncias, divergências e lacunas de conhecimento devido à falta de dados. Concluiu-se não haver concordância entre as metodologias para o cálculo da energia dissipada por um degrau e para o alcance do jato. Para mais de um degrau, não há consenso sobre a previsão da ocorrência do regime estudado e seus sub-regimes. Há lacunas sobre o cálculo da energia dissipada e poucos estudos sobre a reaeração. Tais lacunas e potenciais avanços sobre o tema conduziram, no presente trabalho, à proposição de uma equação para a energia dissipada e uma equação para o cálculo da eficiência da reaeração.

Camada limite e início da aeração em vertedouro em degraus: soluções numéricas obtidas com o modelo k-ε

Anais, 2015

Contribuição Numérica Para O Estudo De Escoamentos Em Quedas Sucessivas e Aplicações À Drenagem Numerical Study of the Nappe Flow for Drainage Purposes

Stability of Solids in Stepped Flume Nappe Flows: Subsidies for Human Stability in Flows

Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 2021

Knowing the details of the interaction between people and runoff flows caused by heavy rainfall o... more Knowing the details of the interaction between people and runoff flows caused by heavy rainfall or by floods due for example by the rupture of reservoirs or dams is essential to prevent accidents with humans. There are information in the literature on the equilibrium capacity of individuals partially immersed in flows occurring in flat-bottomed channels, but there are many gaps regarding the use of urban draining staircases during the occurrence of rainfalls that generate runoff over their steps, and their impact on people. This study considered the effect of the flow on the stability of five obstacles positioned on one of the steps of a reduced model of a draining staircase. The results were used to calculate dimensionless parameters which involve the mass and height of the obstacle, the water density, critical depth of the flow and step height. These parameters were justified by a fundamental toppling and drag formulation, and good correlations between the obtained dimensionless parameters were obtained following adequate power laws. Comparisons between the data obtained in the present reduced model of staircase and literature data of flat bottom channels showed similar behaviors. Finally, a scaling procedure to compare results of different scales and situations was also presented. Excellent correlations using different literature data and those of the present study were obtained.

Métodos Computacionais em Hidráulica

Microscopic sensors for oxygen measurements at air-water interfaces and in sediment biofilms

Microelectrodes were built to measure the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in different positi... more Microelectrodes were built to measure the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in different positions in the interior of biofilm reactors at laboratorial scale. The use of only one kind of measurement equipment facilitates the data analyses and comparisons of records obtained at different points in the reactor. This study presents the manufacturing details of the microsensors, as well as the results for measurements at the air-water interface and in biofilms. The tests were conducted in two laboratory equipments, a tank with oscillating grids and a flow cell. The results show that the microsensors are adequate for both measurements: at the air-water interface and in biofilms.

Helping to Overcome Chalkboard Reading Difficulties

International journal of environmental and science education, 2018

A case study is presented, showing results and discussion of a procedure followed to help the rea... more A case study is presented, showing results and discussion of a procedure followed to help the reading from chalkboards. A conceptual model of words hierarchy is presented for the usual reading. The difficulty of locating the relevant word in a board or page is considered in the context of this model. A device named shortly “Line Finder” is then proposed as a help to maintain the correct sequence of words in a line when reading from the chalkboard. The results are discussed considering 1) a positive effect of the device, and 2) the possibility of increasing attention of the child during the experiment, which may affect the conclusions. The first results are positive, but the two possibilities point to the convenience of more studies, in order to allow comparisons and statistical analyses. To obtain a proper exploratory prototype for the device, the joint work of professionals of different areas was necessary (in this case, pharmacy linked to education, and engineering). The methodolo...

Gráficos Ilustrativos Relativos a Um Caso De Oclusão De Veia Principal Da Retina

Water Films and Hydroplaning on Highways: Hydrodynamic Aspects

Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements, 2021

AbstractThe quantification of water depths resulting from rain events on highways is presented us... more

Mass Transfer Through Free Surface Boundary Layers Using a Statistical Approach

Computational and Experimental Methods in Multiphase and Complex Flow X, Jul 30, 2019

Mass exchange through gas-liquid interfaces, whose liquid side has a turbulent nature, are still ... more Mass exchange through gas-liquid interfaces, whose liquid side has a turbulent nature, are still difficult to quantify due to the unclosed set of turbulence equations, which are also nonlinear. This paper describes an efficient method to overcome this difficulty, by substituting the statistical variables of the original equations by statistical relationships furnished by the Random Square Waves (RSW) tool. Oscillatory records are simplified using random square waves (ideal and binary), which allow a theoretical statistical treatment of the signals. This tool was applied to the concentration boundary layer at the gas-liquid interface. Normalized mass fluxes and mean concentration profiles were obtained using Taylor-series-based solutions, which allow for consideration of transient situations through the successive calculation of the higher order coefficients (derivatives). Comparisons with experimental data available in open literature are presented as a first evaluation of the Taylor series, showing promising results. This method is a viable tool, and this study shows novel conclusions that reproduce general tendencies observed in one-dimensional mass transfer phenomena in boundary layers.