Medical

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT), the second most common cause of portal hypertension, can be found in cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis patients. Various factors can cause non-cirrhosis PVT, such as biliary infection. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding without sign of liver failure, must be considered as non-cirrhosis PVT manifestation. Combining physical, laboratory, endoscopic and radiological examination is needed to establish the diagnosis of PVT. The principle of PVT management consists of 3 keypoints. They are prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding, prevention of recurrent thrombosis and portal cholangiopathy therapy. Many aspect should be considered regarding the administration of anticoagulants in PVT patients, especially chronic PVT with cavernomas.

Background: Convalescent plasma (CCP) has been used for treating some infectious diseases; however, the efficacy of CCP in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains controversial. The aim of this research was to assess the efficacy of CCP as an adjunctive treatment in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and MedRix were searched for potentially relevant articles. All included papers were assessed for the quality using modified Jadad scale and Newcastle-Ottawa scale for randomized controlled trial (RCT) and non – RCT, respectively. We used a Q test and Egger test to assess the heterogeneity and publication bias among studies, respectively. Mortality rates between patients treated with standard treatment and standard treatment with CCP were compared using a Z test. Results: A total of 12 papers consisting of three cross-sectional studies, one prospective study, five retrospective studies, and three RCT studies were included in our analysis. Of them, a...

Background: While it has been known that the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and age-related cognitive impairment involves several mediators, the evidence in clinical practice only reveals nitride oxide synthase (NOS) and klotho. However, the evidence for this topic is conflicted. The aim of this study was to assess the role of NOS and klotho single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pathogenesis of CKD and age-related cognitive impairment. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis during October to December 2019. Paper collection was performed in major scientific websites, and we extracted information of interest from each paper. Data were analyzed using a Z-test with either random or fixed effect model. Results: Our initial assessment identified NOS3 G894T, NOS3 T786C, NOS3 4b/4a, klotho (KL) G395A, and KL C1818T as the gene candidate for our meta-analysis. Our pooled calculation revealed that NOS3 G894T was associated with the risk of both age-related cognitive impair...

Aims: Cognitive impairment is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with substantial adverse effects on function and quality of life. One hypothesis to understand the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in SLE is accelerated immunosenescence. The aim of this study is to observe the correlation between immunosenescence with cognitive impairment in patients with SLE. Methods: Sixty-one female SLE patient were measured for CD4 and CD8 T cellassociated senescence markers, including percentage of end-stage differentiated T cells (CD4 and CD8 T cells expressing CD57 + or loss of CD28 expression), of naïve T cells (CD4 + CD45RA + and CD8 + CD45RA +), memory T cells (CD4 + CD45RO + and CD8 + CD45RO +), and antigen-experienced T cells (CD4 + KLRG1 + and CD8 + KLRG1 +) which were measured using flow cytometry. One hallmark of immunosenescence called immune risk profile (IRP) was defined by an inverted ratio of CD4 and CD8. Cognitive functions were measured by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montréal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) questionnaire. Results: Thirty-six (59.1%) SLE patients who had IRP develop significantly lower attention and recall from both MMSE (P = .

Background: ‘Lupus brain fog’ is a phenomenon of cognitive function decline in SLE patients. Premature immunosenescence in SLE was presumed to play a significant role in the mechanism of cognitive dysfunction. Aim: To prove the correlation between the terminally-differentiated CD4+CD57+, CD8+CD57+, CD4+KLRG1+, and CD8+KLRG1+ T cells & serum levels of MMP-9 with cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients. Methods: 53 women SLE were conducted to perform MMSE and MoCA-Ina tests to evaluate cognitive function. Immunosenescence was observed by measuring the terminallydifferentiated CD4+CD57+, CD8+CD57+, CD4+KLRG1+, and CD8+KLRG1+ T cells, which were measured by flowcytometry. In addition, MMP-9, an enzyme produced by terminallydifferentiated T cells, was measured using ELISA. Results: SLE patients with cognitive dysfunction based on MMSE and MoCA-Ina test had higher percentage of CD4+CD57+, CD8+CD57+, CD4+KLRG1+, CD8+KLRG1+ T cells and serum levels of MMP-9 compared to patients with normal co...

Penyakit kardiovaskular yang disebabkan terutama oleh atherosklerosis, merupakan penyebab utama kecacatan dan kematian dini di seluruh dunia. Salah satu strategi terbaru yang dilakukan sebagai pencegahan atherosklerosis adalah konsumsi antioksidan. Theaflavin dari teh hitam merupakan antioksidan yang memiliki kemampuan antioksidan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan pengaruh pemberian theaflavin teh hitam berbagai dosis terhadap penurunan ketebalan dinding aorta tikus ( Rattus norvegicus) wistar yang diberi diet atherogenik. Studi eksperimental ini menggunakan post test only control group design. Sampel dibagi ke dalam lima kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 tikus, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (diet normal), kelompok kontrol positif (diet atherogenik), kelompok dosis 1 (diet atherogenik + theaflavin 5 mg/kgBB/hari), kelompok dosis 2 (diet atherogenik + theaflavin 10 mg/kgBB/hari), dan kelompok dosis 3 (diet atherogenik + theaflavin 20 mg/kgBB/hari). Variabel ...