S ulandırıcı tariflerinin çoğunluğu, bir boğa sperması sulandırıcısının modifiye edi-lerek kullan... more S ulandırıcı tariflerinin çoğunluğu, bir boğa sperması sulandırıcısının modifiye edi-lerek kullanılması ile elde edilmiştir. Bu standart tarif bir yumurta sarısını (YS), bir tamponu, metabolize edilebilir bir şekeri ve gliserolü içermektedir. Her bir bileşen, temel ve koruyucu işlevi için sulandırıcıya dahil edilir. Yumurta sarısının, özel-likle düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein fraksiyonundaki fosfolipidlerin, hücre zarlarını soğuk şoklarından korumaktadır. YS koruma mekanizması tam olarak anlaşılamamakla bir-likte, plazma zarının yüzeyinde, zar yapısında kalıcı bir değişime neden olmayıp, mem-bran bozulmalarını da engellediği anlaşılmaktadır. 1,2 Spermanın metabolik aktivitesi, hidrojen iyonlarının oluşumunda durur; bu nedenle, iyon giderimi için sulandırıcıdaki bir tampon gereklidir. Bu tampon olmadan, spermatozoon metabolizmasından üretilen hid-rojen iyonlarındaki artış, spermatozoonun motilite süresindeki azalmaya müteakip su-landırıcı pH'ın düşmesine neden olur. 3 Kriyoprezervasyon açısından sulandırıcılar çok iyi düşünülmüştür, çünkü sperma-nın dondurulması onlarsız zordur. Bir sulandırıcı, spermayı seyrelterek daha fazla sayıda tohumlanacak sperma elde etmek için bir ortam yaratmaktadır. Kriyoprotektanlar ise, spermatozoonu soğuk şokuna karşı korumak için sperma sulandırıcılarına eklenen mad-delerdir. 4 Sperma sulandırıcıları, spermanın ihtiyaçlarını karşılayan, dış etkenlere karşı sper-matozoonun bütünlüğünü ve fertilite yeteneğini koruyan, sperma hacmini istenilen dü-1 Balık Sperma Dondurmada ve Muhafazada Kullanılan Sperma Sulandırıcıları Semen Diluents Used in Fish Sperm Cryopreservation and Preservation ÖZET Balıklardaki suni tohumlama çalışmalarında, damızlık balıklardan elde edilen üstün kaliteli sperma en yüksek düzeyde kullanılabilir. Bunun yanında spermanın muhafazası, nesli tükenmekte olan balık türlerinin korunmasında önemli bir araçtır. Bu amaçla yapılan çalışmalar, çözülme sonrası sperma kalitesindeki morfolojik ve genetik değişiklikler açısından hayati bir rol oynar. Soğukta muhafazadan önce spermanın sulandırılması sırasında çeşitli katkı maddeleri eklenir, bu da sulandırma sonrası spermanın ka-litesini korumak için yapılmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, üstün erkek spermasının kullanılabilirliğini ar-tırmak, balık spermasının muhafazasında kullanılan çeşitli sulandırıcılar hakkında bilgi vermektir. Anah tar Ke li me ler: Dondurma; balıklar; spermatozoa ABS TRACT In the artificial insemination studies of fish, high quality male sperm from elite fish can be used at the highest possible level by artificial insemination. In addition, the preservation of the sperm is an important tool in the protection of endangered fish species.Studies for this purpose play a vital role in morphological and genetic changes in semen quality after thawing. Prior to cold storage, various additives are added during dilution of the sperm, which is done to preserve sperm quality after reconstitution. The aim of this review is to improve the availability of superior male sperm and to provide information about the various diluents used in the preservation of fish semen.
A ğır metal, periyodik cetvelin, üçüncü ya da daha yüksek periyodunda bulunan metaller için kulla... more A ğır metal, periyodik cetvelin, üçüncü ya da daha yüksek periyodunda bulunan metaller için kullanılan ve bilimsel olmayan bir deyimdir. Genel olarak zehirli ve çevre kirliliğine neden olan tüm metaller ağır metal olarak adlandırılmakta-dır. Ağır metal tanımı fiziksel özellik açısından; yoğunluğu 5 g/cm 3 'ten daha yüksek ve atom numarası 22-92 arasında olan olan metaller için kullanılır. 1 Bu gruba kurşun, kad-miyum, krom, demir, kobalt, bakır, nikel, civa ve çinko olmak üzere 60'tan fazla metal dâhildir. 2 Biyolojik anlamda metaller üç gruba ayrılabilir. 3 a. Esansiyel elementler (Hafif metaller): Sıvı ortamlarda hareketli katyonlar olarak taşınırlar. Sodyum, potasyum, kalsiyum vb. b. Yan elementler (Geçiş elementleri): Düşük konsantrasyonlarda esansiyel olan fakat yüksek konsantrasyonlarda toksik etki gösteren elementlerdir. Demir, bakır, kobalt, mangan vb. c. İz elementler (metalloidler): Metabolik aktivite için genelde gerekli olmayan, oldukça düşük konsantrasyonlarda hücrede toksik etki yapan elementler (Civa, kurşun, kalay, selenyum, kadmiyum, arsenik vb). Bunlardan yan elementler ve iz elementler ge-nelde ağır metal olarak adlandırılırlar. Ağır metallerin doğadaki oranı düşüktür. Doğal ortamdaki konsantrasyon oranı arttığında, gümüş, civa bakır, kadmiyum ve kurşun gibi ağır metaller özellikle organizmalar üzerinde toksik etki yapmakta ve enzimleri inhibe ÖZET Sanayileşme ve kentleşme, göllerin, göletlerin ve nehirlerin su kalitesi üzerinde olumsuz etkiler getirmiştir. Tatlısu ekosisteminde öneme sahip ağır metaller çok düşük konsantrasyonlarda bile toksik etki gösterebilmektedir. Tatlısu balıklarının sağlığı için tehlikeli olan metallerin çoğu dokularda birike-rek balıkların zehirlenmesine yol açar. Fertilizasyonda önemli rolü oynayan spermatozoonların üretildiği gonadlar bu dokuların başında gelmektedir. Bu nedenle bu derleme, ağır metallerin tatlısu balıklarının sperma kalitesi üzerindeki toksik etkilerinin kısa bir açıklamasını vermektedir. Anah tar Ke li me ler: Ağır metal; spermatozoa; balıklar ABS TRACT Over-industrialization and rapid urbanization have had a measurable negative impact on the water quality of lakes, ponds and rivers all over the world. Heavy metals of critical importance in the freshwater ecosystem can be toxic even at very low concentrations. Most of these metals, which are very dangerous for the general health of freshwater fish, accumulate in tissues and lead to poisoning of fish. Gonads, which play the most important role in fertilization, produce gonads. Therefore, this review gives a brief description of the toxic effects of heavy metals on semen quality of freshwater fish.
The study aimed to examine the effects of oxytetracycline supplementation to glucose extender on ... more The study aimed to examine the effects of oxytetracycline supplementation to glucose extender on the Oxidative Status, Glutathione (GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Apoptotic Spermatozoa of Barbus grypus post-thaw sperm. The semen was frozen in diluents containing three different oxytetracycline concentrations (0.78, 1.56 and 3.12 mg). All the comparable levels of oxytetracycline linearly improved the post-thaw sperm motility rate and duration significantly (p< 0.0001). MDA and Total Oxidative Status (TOS) were linearly and quadratically decreased, however, Total Antioxidative Status (TAS) quadratically and GSH linearly and quadratically increased with oxytetracycline (p < 0.001). The increasing oxytetracycline levels typically resulted in a linear decline in DNA damage in the 8-OHdG assay. The determined percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa were linearly and quadratically reduced with Oxytetracycline (OTC) (p< 0.0001). These results showed that oxytetracycline can be used as an antibiotic additive in semen extender, providing better sperm freezing-thawing, without decreasing semen quality and antioxidant and increasing the oxidant, DNA damage and apoptotic sperm level of the Barbus grypus.
All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you... more All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2019
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and ... more The aim of this study was to determine the levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and DNA damage in blood of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to chlorpyrifos (CPF) and the protective effects of curcumin (CUR) on CPFinduced oxidative stress and DNA damage. For this purpose, 0.5% and 1.0% of CUR was administered via the intraperitoneal route for 45 days during exposure to water containing 0.040 mg/L CPF in rainbow trout. We observed a significant decrease in total peroxide (TP), glutathione (GSH), GSH peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), paraoxonase (PON), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) levels, whereas there was a significant increase in TP level in CPF-exposed rainbow trout (P<0.05). Antioxidants, depending on the dose, had relatively modest to significant effects on CPF-induced oxidative stress. Low doses of CUR also significantly increased serum FRAP levels in rainbow trout exposed to CPF (P<0.05). We observed i...
This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different conditions of osmotic p... more This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different conditions of osmotic pressure (325, 365 and 385 mOsm kg -1 ) in combination with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and NaCl or glucose on spermatozoa DNA damage, rate and duration of motility. Sperm was collected from eight healthy mature Mesopotamian catfish, evaluated microscopically and pooled at 25 °C. The pooled sperm samples were diluted to a final concentration of 1/3 (sperm/diluents) in NaCl and glucose based extender (10% cryoprotectant and 10% egg yolk (EY) into 80% diluents) and separated into groups of 3 different osmotic pressures (325-365-385 mOsm kg -1 ). Equilibrated sperm was frozen in 0.25 mL straws. Sperm samples were tested for post-thaw sperm motility, duration of motility, DNA damage, and apoptotic index. The highest spermatozoa motility rates were obtained with glucose and NaCl diluents at osmotic pressures of 365 and 385 mOsm kg -1 (p<0.01). The spermatozoa motility duration was found to be...
In this study, the determination of some heamatological parameters and spermatological properties... more In this study, the determination of some heamatological parameters and spermatological properties of crucian carp (Carassius carassius L, 1758) were investigated in Ataturk Dam Lake. The live fish (n=20) used in this study that have mean weight 2730.05±203.29 g and mean length 55.16±2.28 cm that captured using gill nets in the Ataturk Dam Lake. Heamatological parameters; PCV (%), WBC (x104/mm3), RBC (x106/mm3), Hb (g/dl), MCV (μm3), MCH (pg), MCHC (%) were determined as mean % 34.24±0.57; 24.51±1.09 x104/mm3; 1.51±0.22 x106/mm3; 7.78±0.02 g/dl; 233.75±6.19 μm3; 57.50±0.50 pg 23.33±0.53 % respectively. In collected semen; sperm volume, spermatozoa motility, duration of spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa concentration and sperm pH were determined as mean 1386.50±191.64 μl; 88.42±0.83 %; 118.57±16.30 s; 17.84±3.44 x109/ml; 7.42±0.05 respectively.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, Mar 19, 2018
This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing proc... more This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing process. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine different cryprotective agents with additives in terms of their effects at different pH on the cryopreservation process of longspine scraper (Capoeta trutta). The present study, twelve media were prepared by mixing three different cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, (CH3)2SO); methanol (CH3OH); methyl glycol (MG, CH3O (CH2)2OH)) with an extenders (glucose) at four different pH (7.2, 7.6, 8.0 and 8.4) for longspine scraper semen. Considering the findings from the examination (The motility rate after thawing process and duration of motility obtained in DMSO as 81% and 20 min, in methanol as 73% and 12 min, in methyl glycol as 60% and 15 min.), we can conclude that the DMSO is the best freezing media in order to create new essays in cryopreservation for sperm of Capoeta trutta in the future.
The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during ... more The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during the spawning season. Semen was collected weekly by abdominal massage from 26 males in March. In collected semen, volume, motility, duration of motility, concentration and pH were determined. In the L. abu sperm, volume (μl), motility (%), duration of motility (s), concentration (×109/ml), and pH values were found 45.76 ± 3.55, 54.25 ± 2.93, 330.15 ± 37.92, 4.27 ± 0.40 and 7.87 ± 0.05, respectively. A correlation was found between semen volume and semen pH. Semen volume and the duration of sperm motility were higher in the 2nd and 3rd sampling dates than in the 1st and 4th sampling dates (P < 0.05; P < 0.01, respectively). Neither sperm motility nor sperm concentration was affected by sampling dates. Major changes in semen pH were observed in the 4th sampling date (P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation test presented significant relationships with the duration of motility, semen vo...
This study was carried out to determine the milt quality in male Mesopotamian spiny eel (Mastacem... more This study was carried out to determine the milt quality in male Mesopotamian spiny eel (Mastacembelus mastacembelus; Bank & Solender in Russell, 1794) during spawning season. Review was performed using 58 M. mastecembulus males captured from Atatürk Dam Lake in Turkey. Milt samples were collected and evaluated daily during sampling period. In collected milt, volume of milt, sperm motility percentage, the duration of forward motility, sperm concentration, milt production and milt pH were evaluated. On June 10, 2005, 72% of the males were spermiating, which increased to 100% in the middle of June and dropped to 72% by late June. Sperm motility percentage showed a significant improvement after beginning of spermiation (P < 0.001). Sperm concentration changed significantly (P < 0.001) in milt collected during sampling period. Duration of sperm motility increased significantly (P < 0.001) from beginning (8.22 min) through end (37.33 min) of spermiation. Milt production was maxi...
In this study, the embryonic development of the eggs in the Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Bank & S... more In this study, the embryonic development of the eggs in the Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Bank & Solender, 1794) was examined. At the same time, possibilities of artificial breeding through artificial insemination were investigated. Artificial insemination was achieved by mixing the eggs of the mature female and sperm of the mature male samples caught with gill nets (22 × 22) in Ataturk Dam Lake in Turkey. To this end, first in a Petri dish (100 × 20), the testes were cut into small pieces with a lancet and the mixture of sperm–testes-tissue was obtained. The fertilization rate of the eggs was found to be 80%. The diameter of the eggs ranged from 2.015to 1.147 mm. The perivitelline space formed 0.5 h after insemination. The first cleavage occurred at the animal pool 4 h after insemination. The oil droplets had fused to a single droplet 19 h after insemination. The blastoderm became an embryonic shield 30 h after insemination. The blastoderm covered almost half the egg 40 h after inse...
In this study, the effects of supplemented inositol on sperm extenders were examined on the sperm... more In this study, the effects of supplemented inositol on sperm extenders were examined on the spermatozoa motility rate and duration, total antioxidant and oxidant status, apoptotic spermatozoa and DNA damage, during the sperm post-thaw process of Mesopotamian Catfish (Silurus triostegus, H. 1843). The semen was frozen in diluents containing different inositol concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg). Increasing levels of inositol linearly improved the spermatozoa motility rate and duration significantly (p < 0.05). MDA and TOS were linearly decreased, however, TAS and GSH linearly increased (p < 0.05). The increasing inositol levels resulted in a linear and quadratic decrease in DNA damage in the comet assay, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and the determined percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa (p < 0.05). These results suggest that there are many positive effects of the use of supplemental inositol on enhancing sperm cryopreservation efficiency in Silurus triostegus.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing proc... more This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing process. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine different cryprotective agents with additives in terms of their effects at different pH on the cryopreservation process of longspine scraper (Capoeta trutta). The present study, twelve media were prepared by mixing three different cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, (CH3)2SO); methanol (CH3OH); methyl glycol (MG, CH3O (CH2)2OH)) with an extenders (glucose) at four different pH (7.2, 7.6, 8.0 and 8.4) for longspine scraper semen. Considering the findings from the examination (The motility rate after thawing process and duration of motility obtained in DMSO as 81% and 20 min, in methanol as 73% and 12 min, in methyl glycol as 60% and 15 min.), we can conclude that the DMSO is the best freezing media in order to create new essays in cryopreservation for sperm of Capoeta trutta in the future.
In this study, protective effects of Curcumin (CUR) against Chlorphyrifos (CPF)-induced oxidative... more In this study, protective effects of Curcumin (CUR) against Chlorphyrifos (CPF)-induced oxidative stress on blood serum, liver and gill tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. In the first group, normal water and recommended diet were used as the control group. The second fish group was exposed to water containing 0.040 mg/l CPF. The third fish group received only 0.5% (CUR1) and the fourth group received only 1% CUR (CUR2). The fifth group was exposed to water containing 0.040 mg/l CPF and received only 0.5% (CPF + CUR1). The sixth group was exposed to water containing 0.040 mg/l CPF, giving and received only 0.1% (CPF + CUR2). Samples were taken from the blood, liver and gill tissues and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured. The supplementation of CUR with CPF attenuated the adverse effects of CPF intoxication by reducing TOS and OSI and increased TAC in serum and liver. These results showed that CPF, alone, increased oxidative stress in rainbow trout but CUR reduced oxidative stress alone or when combined with CPF in the serum and liver, but not in the gill.
This study was carried out to determine some spermatological parameters and hematological charact... more This study was carried out to determine some spermatological parameters and hematological characteristics of the B. grypus (H, 1843) in the spawning season. Investigation was performed using 20 B. grypus males captured from Atatürk Dam Lake. Milt and blood samples were collected and evaluated daily in sampling day. In collected milt, the mean values of milt volume (µL), the percentage of motile spermatozoa (%), duration of motility (s), spermatozoa concentration (x10 9 /mL) and pH were 886.00 ±78.76, 71.25 ±4.56, 115.10 ±6.19, 10.61 ±1.67 and 8.13 ±0.45, respectively. The blood parameters of B. grypus males were 30.01 ±4.11, 2.05±0.07, 7.72 ±0.11, 147.27 ±4.93, 38.98 ±2.61, 26.47 ±0.84 and 29.45 ±0.75 for WBC (x10 3 /mm 3), RBC (x10 6 /mm 3), Hb (g/dl), MCV (µm 3), MCH (pg), MCHC (%) and PCV (%), respectively. Milt volumes in 8 year old fish were significantly higher than those in 5, 6 and 7 year old individuals (P<0.01). Also, mean PCV value was significantly higher (P<0.05) in 8 year old males than the others. These results suggest that the milt volume and PCV value of the B. grypus (H, 1843) are influenced by age.
In this study, the population features of Liza abu in the Atatürk Dam Lake were examined. During ... more In this study, the population features of Liza abu in the Atatürk Dam Lake were examined. During the month of March 2004 and February 2005 period, 821 fish samples were collected by gillnets with mesh sizes of 18, 22, 26, 30, 34 and 38 mm. The total length differed between 11.10 and 22.20 cm. The total weights were 16.20 to 136.60 g, and the age distribution was between 1 and 5. 50.99% of the caught samples were female and 49.01% were male. The average condition values were K = 1.18 for males and K = 1.15 for females. The length-weight relationship was calculated as Log W =-0.87 + 2.08*Log L for males and Log W =-1.79 + 2.88*Log L for females. The Von Bertalanfy growth parameters were L∞ = 24.63 cm, K = 0.28, L t = 24.63(1-e-0.28(t-(-1.36)), t o =-1.36 years, W∞ = 362.95 g, K = 0.07 and Wt = 362.95 (1-e-0.07t-(-1.36))) 0.93 .
The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during ... more The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during the spawning season. Semen was collected weekly by abdominal massage from 26 males in March. In collected semen, volume, motility, duration of motility, concentration and pH were determined. In the L. abu sperm, volume (ll), motility (%), duration of motility (s), concentration (•10 9 /ml), and pH values were found 45.76 ± 3.55, 54.25 ± 2.93, 330.15 ± 37.92, 4.27 ± 0.40 and 7.87 ± 0.05, respectively. A correlation was found between semen volume and semen pH. Semen volume and the duration of sperm motility were higher in the 2nd and 3rd sampling dates than in the 1st and 4th sampling dates (P < 0.05; P < 0.01, respectively). Neither sperm motility nor sperm concentration was affected by sampling dates. Major changes in semen pH were observed in the 4th sampling date (P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation test presented significant relationships with the duration of motility, semen volume, and motility. Semen pH values were significantly correlated with the sperm concentration and semen volume. Sperm concentration was inversely correlated with semen volume. Sperm motility and duration significantly correlated with total weight. Total length significantly correlated with the duration of motility and total weight. In conclusion, these characteristics represent a valuable baseline dataset for establishing a semen quality standard and provide background information that may be useful for assisted breeding programs in this species.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture Food Science and Technology, May 6, 2014
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel, 1843) ve Carassius carassius (L., 1758) balıkla... more Bu çalışmanın amacı, Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel, 1843) ve Carassius carassius (L., 1758) balıklarının başlıca spermatolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Spermalar üreme sezonunda, 30 adet C. luteus ve 20 adet C. carassius'tan abdominal masaj yöntemi ile alındı. Alınan spermalarda, miktar, motilite, motilite süresi, yoğunluk ve pH belirlendi. Çalışmadaki C. luteus ve C. carassius balığından alınan sperma miktarı, spermatozoa motilite oranı, spermatozoa motilite süresi, spermatozoa yoğunluğu ve sperma pH'ı sırasıyla ortalama 0,72±0,
Although chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate medium-toxicity pesticide, it is highly toxic t... more Although chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate medium-toxicity pesticide, it is highly toxic to fish and aquatic animals. This study was conducted with young rainbow trouts (n=20) raised on twelve floating cages on the Atatürk Dam Lake. The fish were divided into four groups and were fed no insecticide (control groups), 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 mg/l CFP-contaminated feed orally for 30 days. The oxidative status of trout blood tissues and the comet assay was used to measure DNA strand breaks in blood erythrocytes. No significant differences were observed at all the doses of CFP between the values of hematocrit levels and total antioxidant status. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation of increased CFP doses with leucocyte levels (P<0.05), total oxidant status (P<0.01), oxidative stress index (P<0.05) and DNA damage (P<0.01).
S ulandırıcı tariflerinin çoğunluğu, bir boğa sperması sulandırıcısının modifiye edi-lerek kullan... more S ulandırıcı tariflerinin çoğunluğu, bir boğa sperması sulandırıcısının modifiye edi-lerek kullanılması ile elde edilmiştir. Bu standart tarif bir yumurta sarısını (YS), bir tamponu, metabolize edilebilir bir şekeri ve gliserolü içermektedir. Her bir bileşen, temel ve koruyucu işlevi için sulandırıcıya dahil edilir. Yumurta sarısının, özel-likle düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein fraksiyonundaki fosfolipidlerin, hücre zarlarını soğuk şoklarından korumaktadır. YS koruma mekanizması tam olarak anlaşılamamakla bir-likte, plazma zarının yüzeyinde, zar yapısında kalıcı bir değişime neden olmayıp, mem-bran bozulmalarını da engellediği anlaşılmaktadır. 1,2 Spermanın metabolik aktivitesi, hidrojen iyonlarının oluşumunda durur; bu nedenle, iyon giderimi için sulandırıcıdaki bir tampon gereklidir. Bu tampon olmadan, spermatozoon metabolizmasından üretilen hid-rojen iyonlarındaki artış, spermatozoonun motilite süresindeki azalmaya müteakip su-landırıcı pH'ın düşmesine neden olur. 3 Kriyoprezervasyon açısından sulandırıcılar çok iyi düşünülmüştür, çünkü sperma-nın dondurulması onlarsız zordur. Bir sulandırıcı, spermayı seyrelterek daha fazla sayıda tohumlanacak sperma elde etmek için bir ortam yaratmaktadır. Kriyoprotektanlar ise, spermatozoonu soğuk şokuna karşı korumak için sperma sulandırıcılarına eklenen mad-delerdir. 4 Sperma sulandırıcıları, spermanın ihtiyaçlarını karşılayan, dış etkenlere karşı sper-matozoonun bütünlüğünü ve fertilite yeteneğini koruyan, sperma hacmini istenilen dü-1 Balık Sperma Dondurmada ve Muhafazada Kullanılan Sperma Sulandırıcıları Semen Diluents Used in Fish Sperm Cryopreservation and Preservation ÖZET Balıklardaki suni tohumlama çalışmalarında, damızlık balıklardan elde edilen üstün kaliteli sperma en yüksek düzeyde kullanılabilir. Bunun yanında spermanın muhafazası, nesli tükenmekte olan balık türlerinin korunmasında önemli bir araçtır. Bu amaçla yapılan çalışmalar, çözülme sonrası sperma kalitesindeki morfolojik ve genetik değişiklikler açısından hayati bir rol oynar. Soğukta muhafazadan önce spermanın sulandırılması sırasında çeşitli katkı maddeleri eklenir, bu da sulandırma sonrası spermanın ka-litesini korumak için yapılmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, üstün erkek spermasının kullanılabilirliğini ar-tırmak, balık spermasının muhafazasında kullanılan çeşitli sulandırıcılar hakkında bilgi vermektir. Anah tar Ke li me ler: Dondurma; balıklar; spermatozoa ABS TRACT In the artificial insemination studies of fish, high quality male sperm from elite fish can be used at the highest possible level by artificial insemination. In addition, the preservation of the sperm is an important tool in the protection of endangered fish species.Studies for this purpose play a vital role in morphological and genetic changes in semen quality after thawing. Prior to cold storage, various additives are added during dilution of the sperm, which is done to preserve sperm quality after reconstitution. The aim of this review is to improve the availability of superior male sperm and to provide information about the various diluents used in the preservation of fish semen.
A ğır metal, periyodik cetvelin, üçüncü ya da daha yüksek periyodunda bulunan metaller için kulla... more A ğır metal, periyodik cetvelin, üçüncü ya da daha yüksek periyodunda bulunan metaller için kullanılan ve bilimsel olmayan bir deyimdir. Genel olarak zehirli ve çevre kirliliğine neden olan tüm metaller ağır metal olarak adlandırılmakta-dır. Ağır metal tanımı fiziksel özellik açısından; yoğunluğu 5 g/cm 3 'ten daha yüksek ve atom numarası 22-92 arasında olan olan metaller için kullanılır. 1 Bu gruba kurşun, kad-miyum, krom, demir, kobalt, bakır, nikel, civa ve çinko olmak üzere 60'tan fazla metal dâhildir. 2 Biyolojik anlamda metaller üç gruba ayrılabilir. 3 a. Esansiyel elementler (Hafif metaller): Sıvı ortamlarda hareketli katyonlar olarak taşınırlar. Sodyum, potasyum, kalsiyum vb. b. Yan elementler (Geçiş elementleri): Düşük konsantrasyonlarda esansiyel olan fakat yüksek konsantrasyonlarda toksik etki gösteren elementlerdir. Demir, bakır, kobalt, mangan vb. c. İz elementler (metalloidler): Metabolik aktivite için genelde gerekli olmayan, oldukça düşük konsantrasyonlarda hücrede toksik etki yapan elementler (Civa, kurşun, kalay, selenyum, kadmiyum, arsenik vb). Bunlardan yan elementler ve iz elementler ge-nelde ağır metal olarak adlandırılırlar. Ağır metallerin doğadaki oranı düşüktür. Doğal ortamdaki konsantrasyon oranı arttığında, gümüş, civa bakır, kadmiyum ve kurşun gibi ağır metaller özellikle organizmalar üzerinde toksik etki yapmakta ve enzimleri inhibe ÖZET Sanayileşme ve kentleşme, göllerin, göletlerin ve nehirlerin su kalitesi üzerinde olumsuz etkiler getirmiştir. Tatlısu ekosisteminde öneme sahip ağır metaller çok düşük konsantrasyonlarda bile toksik etki gösterebilmektedir. Tatlısu balıklarının sağlığı için tehlikeli olan metallerin çoğu dokularda birike-rek balıkların zehirlenmesine yol açar. Fertilizasyonda önemli rolü oynayan spermatozoonların üretildiği gonadlar bu dokuların başında gelmektedir. Bu nedenle bu derleme, ağır metallerin tatlısu balıklarının sperma kalitesi üzerindeki toksik etkilerinin kısa bir açıklamasını vermektedir. Anah tar Ke li me ler: Ağır metal; spermatozoa; balıklar ABS TRACT Over-industrialization and rapid urbanization have had a measurable negative impact on the water quality of lakes, ponds and rivers all over the world. Heavy metals of critical importance in the freshwater ecosystem can be toxic even at very low concentrations. Most of these metals, which are very dangerous for the general health of freshwater fish, accumulate in tissues and lead to poisoning of fish. Gonads, which play the most important role in fertilization, produce gonads. Therefore, this review gives a brief description of the toxic effects of heavy metals on semen quality of freshwater fish.
The study aimed to examine the effects of oxytetracycline supplementation to glucose extender on ... more The study aimed to examine the effects of oxytetracycline supplementation to glucose extender on the Oxidative Status, Glutathione (GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Apoptotic Spermatozoa of Barbus grypus post-thaw sperm. The semen was frozen in diluents containing three different oxytetracycline concentrations (0.78, 1.56 and 3.12 mg). All the comparable levels of oxytetracycline linearly improved the post-thaw sperm motility rate and duration significantly (p< 0.0001). MDA and Total Oxidative Status (TOS) were linearly and quadratically decreased, however, Total Antioxidative Status (TAS) quadratically and GSH linearly and quadratically increased with oxytetracycline (p < 0.001). The increasing oxytetracycline levels typically resulted in a linear decline in DNA damage in the 8-OHdG assay. The determined percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa were linearly and quadratically reduced with Oxytetracycline (OTC) (p< 0.0001). These results showed that oxytetracycline can be used as an antibiotic additive in semen extender, providing better sperm freezing-thawing, without decreasing semen quality and antioxidant and increasing the oxidant, DNA damage and apoptotic sperm level of the Barbus grypus.
All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you... more All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2019
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and ... more The aim of this study was to determine the levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and DNA damage in blood of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to chlorpyrifos (CPF) and the protective effects of curcumin (CUR) on CPFinduced oxidative stress and DNA damage. For this purpose, 0.5% and 1.0% of CUR was administered via the intraperitoneal route for 45 days during exposure to water containing 0.040 mg/L CPF in rainbow trout. We observed a significant decrease in total peroxide (TP), glutathione (GSH), GSH peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), paraoxonase (PON), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) levels, whereas there was a significant increase in TP level in CPF-exposed rainbow trout (P<0.05). Antioxidants, depending on the dose, had relatively modest to significant effects on CPF-induced oxidative stress. Low doses of CUR also significantly increased serum FRAP levels in rainbow trout exposed to CPF (P<0.05). We observed i...
This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different conditions of osmotic p... more This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different conditions of osmotic pressure (325, 365 and 385 mOsm kg -1 ) in combination with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and NaCl or glucose on spermatozoa DNA damage, rate and duration of motility. Sperm was collected from eight healthy mature Mesopotamian catfish, evaluated microscopically and pooled at 25 °C. The pooled sperm samples were diluted to a final concentration of 1/3 (sperm/diluents) in NaCl and glucose based extender (10% cryoprotectant and 10% egg yolk (EY) into 80% diluents) and separated into groups of 3 different osmotic pressures (325-365-385 mOsm kg -1 ). Equilibrated sperm was frozen in 0.25 mL straws. Sperm samples were tested for post-thaw sperm motility, duration of motility, DNA damage, and apoptotic index. The highest spermatozoa motility rates were obtained with glucose and NaCl diluents at osmotic pressures of 365 and 385 mOsm kg -1 (p<0.01). The spermatozoa motility duration was found to be...
In this study, the determination of some heamatological parameters and spermatological properties... more In this study, the determination of some heamatological parameters and spermatological properties of crucian carp (Carassius carassius L, 1758) were investigated in Ataturk Dam Lake. The live fish (n=20) used in this study that have mean weight 2730.05±203.29 g and mean length 55.16±2.28 cm that captured using gill nets in the Ataturk Dam Lake. Heamatological parameters; PCV (%), WBC (x104/mm3), RBC (x106/mm3), Hb (g/dl), MCV (μm3), MCH (pg), MCHC (%) were determined as mean % 34.24±0.57; 24.51±1.09 x104/mm3; 1.51±0.22 x106/mm3; 7.78±0.02 g/dl; 233.75±6.19 μm3; 57.50±0.50 pg 23.33±0.53 % respectively. In collected semen; sperm volume, spermatozoa motility, duration of spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa concentration and sperm pH were determined as mean 1386.50±191.64 μl; 88.42±0.83 %; 118.57±16.30 s; 17.84±3.44 x109/ml; 7.42±0.05 respectively.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, Mar 19, 2018
This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing proc... more This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing process. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine different cryprotective agents with additives in terms of their effects at different pH on the cryopreservation process of longspine scraper (Capoeta trutta). The present study, twelve media were prepared by mixing three different cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, (CH3)2SO); methanol (CH3OH); methyl glycol (MG, CH3O (CH2)2OH)) with an extenders (glucose) at four different pH (7.2, 7.6, 8.0 and 8.4) for longspine scraper semen. Considering the findings from the examination (The motility rate after thawing process and duration of motility obtained in DMSO as 81% and 20 min, in methanol as 73% and 12 min, in methyl glycol as 60% and 15 min.), we can conclude that the DMSO is the best freezing media in order to create new essays in cryopreservation for sperm of Capoeta trutta in the future.
The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during ... more The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during the spawning season. Semen was collected weekly by abdominal massage from 26 males in March. In collected semen, volume, motility, duration of motility, concentration and pH were determined. In the L. abu sperm, volume (μl), motility (%), duration of motility (s), concentration (×109/ml), and pH values were found 45.76 ± 3.55, 54.25 ± 2.93, 330.15 ± 37.92, 4.27 ± 0.40 and 7.87 ± 0.05, respectively. A correlation was found between semen volume and semen pH. Semen volume and the duration of sperm motility were higher in the 2nd and 3rd sampling dates than in the 1st and 4th sampling dates (P < 0.05; P < 0.01, respectively). Neither sperm motility nor sperm concentration was affected by sampling dates. Major changes in semen pH were observed in the 4th sampling date (P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation test presented significant relationships with the duration of motility, semen vo...
This study was carried out to determine the milt quality in male Mesopotamian spiny eel (Mastacem... more This study was carried out to determine the milt quality in male Mesopotamian spiny eel (Mastacembelus mastacembelus; Bank & Solender in Russell, 1794) during spawning season. Review was performed using 58 M. mastecembulus males captured from Atatürk Dam Lake in Turkey. Milt samples were collected and evaluated daily during sampling period. In collected milt, volume of milt, sperm motility percentage, the duration of forward motility, sperm concentration, milt production and milt pH were evaluated. On June 10, 2005, 72% of the males were spermiating, which increased to 100% in the middle of June and dropped to 72% by late June. Sperm motility percentage showed a significant improvement after beginning of spermiation (P < 0.001). Sperm concentration changed significantly (P < 0.001) in milt collected during sampling period. Duration of sperm motility increased significantly (P < 0.001) from beginning (8.22 min) through end (37.33 min) of spermiation. Milt production was maxi...
In this study, the embryonic development of the eggs in the Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Bank & S... more In this study, the embryonic development of the eggs in the Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Bank & Solender, 1794) was examined. At the same time, possibilities of artificial breeding through artificial insemination were investigated. Artificial insemination was achieved by mixing the eggs of the mature female and sperm of the mature male samples caught with gill nets (22 × 22) in Ataturk Dam Lake in Turkey. To this end, first in a Petri dish (100 × 20), the testes were cut into small pieces with a lancet and the mixture of sperm–testes-tissue was obtained. The fertilization rate of the eggs was found to be 80%. The diameter of the eggs ranged from 2.015to 1.147 mm. The perivitelline space formed 0.5 h after insemination. The first cleavage occurred at the animal pool 4 h after insemination. The oil droplets had fused to a single droplet 19 h after insemination. The blastoderm became an embryonic shield 30 h after insemination. The blastoderm covered almost half the egg 40 h after inse...
In this study, the effects of supplemented inositol on sperm extenders were examined on the sperm... more In this study, the effects of supplemented inositol on sperm extenders were examined on the spermatozoa motility rate and duration, total antioxidant and oxidant status, apoptotic spermatozoa and DNA damage, during the sperm post-thaw process of Mesopotamian Catfish (Silurus triostegus, H. 1843). The semen was frozen in diluents containing different inositol concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg). Increasing levels of inositol linearly improved the spermatozoa motility rate and duration significantly (p < 0.05). MDA and TOS were linearly decreased, however, TAS and GSH linearly increased (p < 0.05). The increasing inositol levels resulted in a linear and quadratic decrease in DNA damage in the comet assay, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and the determined percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa (p < 0.05). These results suggest that there are many positive effects of the use of supplemental inositol on enhancing sperm cryopreservation efficiency in Silurus triostegus.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing proc... more This study is performed to determine some of sperm quality after applying freezing / thawing process. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine different cryprotective agents with additives in terms of their effects at different pH on the cryopreservation process of longspine scraper (Capoeta trutta). The present study, twelve media were prepared by mixing three different cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, (CH3)2SO); methanol (CH3OH); methyl glycol (MG, CH3O (CH2)2OH)) with an extenders (glucose) at four different pH (7.2, 7.6, 8.0 and 8.4) for longspine scraper semen. Considering the findings from the examination (The motility rate after thawing process and duration of motility obtained in DMSO as 81% and 20 min, in methanol as 73% and 12 min, in methyl glycol as 60% and 15 min.), we can conclude that the DMSO is the best freezing media in order to create new essays in cryopreservation for sperm of Capoeta trutta in the future.
In this study, protective effects of Curcumin (CUR) against Chlorphyrifos (CPF)-induced oxidative... more In this study, protective effects of Curcumin (CUR) against Chlorphyrifos (CPF)-induced oxidative stress on blood serum, liver and gill tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. In the first group, normal water and recommended diet were used as the control group. The second fish group was exposed to water containing 0.040 mg/l CPF. The third fish group received only 0.5% (CUR1) and the fourth group received only 1% CUR (CUR2). The fifth group was exposed to water containing 0.040 mg/l CPF and received only 0.5% (CPF + CUR1). The sixth group was exposed to water containing 0.040 mg/l CPF, giving and received only 0.1% (CPF + CUR2). Samples were taken from the blood, liver and gill tissues and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured. The supplementation of CUR with CPF attenuated the adverse effects of CPF intoxication by reducing TOS and OSI and increased TAC in serum and liver. These results showed that CPF, alone, increased oxidative stress in rainbow trout but CUR reduced oxidative stress alone or when combined with CPF in the serum and liver, but not in the gill.
This study was carried out to determine some spermatological parameters and hematological charact... more This study was carried out to determine some spermatological parameters and hematological characteristics of the B. grypus (H, 1843) in the spawning season. Investigation was performed using 20 B. grypus males captured from Atatürk Dam Lake. Milt and blood samples were collected and evaluated daily in sampling day. In collected milt, the mean values of milt volume (µL), the percentage of motile spermatozoa (%), duration of motility (s), spermatozoa concentration (x10 9 /mL) and pH were 886.00 ±78.76, 71.25 ±4.56, 115.10 ±6.19, 10.61 ±1.67 and 8.13 ±0.45, respectively. The blood parameters of B. grypus males were 30.01 ±4.11, 2.05±0.07, 7.72 ±0.11, 147.27 ±4.93, 38.98 ±2.61, 26.47 ±0.84 and 29.45 ±0.75 for WBC (x10 3 /mm 3), RBC (x10 6 /mm 3), Hb (g/dl), MCV (µm 3), MCH (pg), MCHC (%) and PCV (%), respectively. Milt volumes in 8 year old fish were significantly higher than those in 5, 6 and 7 year old individuals (P<0.01). Also, mean PCV value was significantly higher (P<0.05) in 8 year old males than the others. These results suggest that the milt volume and PCV value of the B. grypus (H, 1843) are influenced by age.
In this study, the population features of Liza abu in the Atatürk Dam Lake were examined. During ... more In this study, the population features of Liza abu in the Atatürk Dam Lake were examined. During the month of March 2004 and February 2005 period, 821 fish samples were collected by gillnets with mesh sizes of 18, 22, 26, 30, 34 and 38 mm. The total length differed between 11.10 and 22.20 cm. The total weights were 16.20 to 136.60 g, and the age distribution was between 1 and 5. 50.99% of the caught samples were female and 49.01% were male. The average condition values were K = 1.18 for males and K = 1.15 for females. The length-weight relationship was calculated as Log W =-0.87 + 2.08*Log L for males and Log W =-1.79 + 2.88*Log L for females. The Von Bertalanfy growth parameters were L∞ = 24.63 cm, K = 0.28, L t = 24.63(1-e-0.28(t-(-1.36)), t o =-1.36 years, W∞ = 362.95 g, K = 0.07 and Wt = 362.95 (1-e-0.07t-(-1.36))) 0.93 .
The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during ... more The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during the spawning season. Semen was collected weekly by abdominal massage from 26 males in March. In collected semen, volume, motility, duration of motility, concentration and pH were determined. In the L. abu sperm, volume (ll), motility (%), duration of motility (s), concentration (•10 9 /ml), and pH values were found 45.76 ± 3.55, 54.25 ± 2.93, 330.15 ± 37.92, 4.27 ± 0.40 and 7.87 ± 0.05, respectively. A correlation was found between semen volume and semen pH. Semen volume and the duration of sperm motility were higher in the 2nd and 3rd sampling dates than in the 1st and 4th sampling dates (P < 0.05; P < 0.01, respectively). Neither sperm motility nor sperm concentration was affected by sampling dates. Major changes in semen pH were observed in the 4th sampling date (P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation test presented significant relationships with the duration of motility, semen volume, and motility. Semen pH values were significantly correlated with the sperm concentration and semen volume. Sperm concentration was inversely correlated with semen volume. Sperm motility and duration significantly correlated with total weight. Total length significantly correlated with the duration of motility and total weight. In conclusion, these characteristics represent a valuable baseline dataset for establishing a semen quality standard and provide background information that may be useful for assisted breeding programs in this species.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture Food Science and Technology, May 6, 2014
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel, 1843) ve Carassius carassius (L., 1758) balıkla... more Bu çalışmanın amacı, Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel, 1843) ve Carassius carassius (L., 1758) balıklarının başlıca spermatolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Spermalar üreme sezonunda, 30 adet C. luteus ve 20 adet C. carassius'tan abdominal masaj yöntemi ile alındı. Alınan spermalarda, miktar, motilite, motilite süresi, yoğunluk ve pH belirlendi. Çalışmadaki C. luteus ve C. carassius balığından alınan sperma miktarı, spermatozoa motilite oranı, spermatozoa motilite süresi, spermatozoa yoğunluğu ve sperma pH'ı sırasıyla ortalama 0,72±0,
Although chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate medium-toxicity pesticide, it is highly toxic t... more Although chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate medium-toxicity pesticide, it is highly toxic to fish and aquatic animals. This study was conducted with young rainbow trouts (n=20) raised on twelve floating cages on the Atatürk Dam Lake. The fish were divided into four groups and were fed no insecticide (control groups), 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 mg/l CFP-contaminated feed orally for 30 days. The oxidative status of trout blood tissues and the comet assay was used to measure DNA strand breaks in blood erythrocytes. No significant differences were observed at all the doses of CFP between the values of hematocrit levels and total antioxidant status. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation of increased CFP doses with leucocyte levels (P<0.05), total oxidant status (P<0.01), oxidative stress index (P<0.05) and DNA damage (P<0.01).
The aim of this study, carried out to determine the spermatological characteristics in male Capoe... more The aim of this study, carried out to determine the spermatological characteristics in male Capoeta trutta (H., 1843) in Atatürk Dam Lake. The semen was collected by abdominal massage from 31 male. In collected milts; volume, motility, duration of motility, concentration and pH were determined. Furthermore, body weight and total length were measured and correlations between spermatological characteristics and these parameters were investigated. In the C. trutta’ semen, milt volume (μl), motility (%), duration of motility (s), concentration (x109/ml), and pH values were found mean 150.71±6.91, 67.74±1.01, 65.74±1.40, 19.68±0.74 and 7.22±0.01, respectively. It was found that there were significant negative correlations among spermatozoa motility and body weight-total length (r=- 0.41 and -0.42, P<0.05); sperm pH and body weight (r=-0.42, P<0.05); spermatozoa concentration and spermatozoa motility (r=-0.41, P<0.05), sperm pH and spermatozoa motility (r=-0.48, P<0.01).
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