This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Türkiye's decision-making processes in the contex... more This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Türkiye's decision-making processes in the context of the international ozone regime, particularly focusing on the country's engagement in the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol during the 1980s and early 1990s. Utilizing process tracing methodology and primary sources, and adopting an interest-based framework the research delves into Türkiye's involvement and pinpoints the principal determinants of its international environmental policy. The study argues that Türkiye's approach to environmental cooperation in the Convention and Protocol was shaped by the incentive and sanction provisions of the Montreal Protocol, efforts to align Türkiye's commercial and political relations with the European Community, the growing involvement of Western countries in the agreements, and the potential environmental prestige gained from cooperative endeavors. The study emphasizes the trade provisions and Article 5 status within the Montreal Protocol, both of which played a critical role in influencing Türkiye's policy choices. This significance primarily stems from the requirement for new calculations in abatement costs. It illuminates the causal links between specific design elements of the ozone regime and their impact on Türkiye's policy decisions.
Marmara University Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 2024
This article investigates the role of carbon pricing mechanisms, specifically Emissions Trading S... more This article investigates the role of carbon pricing mechanisms, specifically Emissions Trading Systems (ETSs) and carbon taxes, in addressing climate change— which is a critical issue in international environmental politics. With the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases contributing to global warming and its consequential adverse effects, there is a pressing need for well-designed climate change mitigation policies. Utilizing a systematic review of global implementations post-Kyoto Protocol, this research examines both theoretical and empirical perspectives on ETSs and carbon taxes. The study contributes to the literature by proposing a multi-layered evaluation framework to assess the efficacy, political durability, policy consistency, flexibility, adaptability, predictability, and regulatory reliability of carbon pricing instruments. The findings suggest that although carbon taxes are praised for their costeffectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, their implementation may be hindered by political resistance and public opposition. Conversely, ETSs, despite their complexity, offer market flexibility and the potential for cost-effective emission reductions. However, their effectiveness is contingent upon stringent cap settings and robust market mechanisms. The study reiterates that neither instrument is superior in isolation but functions best as a complementary tool within a broader policy framework
The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) has been a central concept in ... more The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) has been a central concept in international environmental politics, recognizing the shared yet distinct responsibilities of developed and developing countries in addressing global environmental challenges. This study delves into the practical application of the CBDR principle within the international ozone regime, primarily established by the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol. Employing a content analysis of key international treaties, official reports, and academic literature, this paper reveals how the CBDR principle is operationalized through specific mechanisms like trade bans, phasedown/phaseout schedule postponements for developing countries, and the Multilateral Fund. It argues that the tangible incorporation of CBDR into the regime’s framework is a pivotal factor in its success, enhancing global participation and compliance, particularly among developing countries.
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Türkiye's decision-making processes in the contex... more This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Türkiye's decision-making processes in the context of the international ozone regime, particularly focusing on the country's engagement in the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol during the 1980s and early 1990s. Utilizing process tracing methodology and primary sources, and adopting an interest-based framework the research delves into Türkiye's involvement and pinpoints the principal determinants of its international environmental policy. The study argues that Türkiye's approach to environmental cooperation in the Convention and Protocol was shaped by the incentive and sanction provisions of the Montreal Protocol, efforts to align Türkiye's commercial and political relations with the European Community, the growing involvement of Western countries in the agreements, and the potential environmental prestige gained from cooperative endeavors. The study emphasizes the trade provisions and Article 5 status within the Montreal Protocol, both of which played a critical role in influencing Türkiye's policy choices. This significance primarily stems from the requirement for new calculations in abatement costs. It illuminates the causal links between specific design elements of the ozone regime and their impact on Türkiye's policy decisions.
Marmara University Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 2024
This article investigates the role of carbon pricing mechanisms, specifically Emissions Trading S... more This article investigates the role of carbon pricing mechanisms, specifically Emissions Trading Systems (ETSs) and carbon taxes, in addressing climate change— which is a critical issue in international environmental politics. With the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases contributing to global warming and its consequential adverse effects, there is a pressing need for well-designed climate change mitigation policies. Utilizing a systematic review of global implementations post-Kyoto Protocol, this research examines both theoretical and empirical perspectives on ETSs and carbon taxes. The study contributes to the literature by proposing a multi-layered evaluation framework to assess the efficacy, political durability, policy consistency, flexibility, adaptability, predictability, and regulatory reliability of carbon pricing instruments. The findings suggest that although carbon taxes are praised for their costeffectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, their implementation may be hindered by political resistance and public opposition. Conversely, ETSs, despite their complexity, offer market flexibility and the potential for cost-effective emission reductions. However, their effectiveness is contingent upon stringent cap settings and robust market mechanisms. The study reiterates that neither instrument is superior in isolation but functions best as a complementary tool within a broader policy framework
The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) has been a central concept in ... more The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) has been a central concept in international environmental politics, recognizing the shared yet distinct responsibilities of developed and developing countries in addressing global environmental challenges. This study delves into the practical application of the CBDR principle within the international ozone regime, primarily established by the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol. Employing a content analysis of key international treaties, official reports, and academic literature, this paper reveals how the CBDR principle is operationalized through specific mechanisms like trade bans, phasedown/phaseout schedule postponements for developing countries, and the Multilateral Fund. It argues that the tangible incorporation of CBDR into the regime’s framework is a pivotal factor in its success, enhancing global participation and compliance, particularly among developing countries.
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Papers by Sefa Öztürk