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This is an essay. It expresses the opinions and ideas of some Wikidata contributors, but may not have wide support. Feel free to update this page as needed, or use the discussion page to propose major changes.

The Great Library of Alexandria in Egypt
Natural History by Pliny the Elder
Etymologiae by Isidore of Seville
Speculum Maius by Vincent of Beauvais
Denis Diderot contributor to Encyclopédie
Advertisement for the Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
Internet Archive PetaBox, designed to store one petabyte (a million gigabytes) of information^[1]

Preserving *all human knowledge* for posterity. **It is all-important**.

Wikimedia servers, holding terabytes of text and images.^[2]

This page, a catalogue of catalogues of all human knowledge, is only 130,442 bytes in size. It can be stored on a 5¼-inch floppy disk.

The Voyager Golden Record are vinyl records (listen in YouTube) which were included aboard both Voyager spacecraft launched in 1977. They contain sounds and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture on Earth, and are intended for any intelligent extraterrestrial life form, or for future humans, who may find them.

Imagine a universe in which every planet shares in the sum of all knowledge.

Knowledge as a social good and the Library of Babel in Wikimanía 2009. (Watch in YouTube)

The idea of compiling all human knowledge in a single work, though not in a single place,^[3] is highly seductive. In this essay, we attempt to study how many articles are needed to cover the sum of all human knowledge. As of September 2024, English Wikipedia has 6,880,775 articles^[4] and Wikidata includes 113,766,108 items.^[5] But both projects are far from being complete.

Of course, there are already articles for all the countries in the world and most of their administrative divisions, millions of biographies, hundreds of thousands of geographical features, tens of thousands of creative works like books and movies, but examining these topics and others with an exhaustive focus still shows millions of missing articles.

"This is a work that cannot be completed except by a society of men of letters and skilled workmen, each working separately on his own part, but all bound together solely by their zeal for the best interests of the human race and a feeling of mutual good will." –Denis Diderot, Encyclopédie (1751–1766)

Wikipedia, Wikidata and their sister projects like Wikimedia Commons have different standards of notability. There have been hot debates about notability, specially in Wikipedia, and despite notability threshold has decreased along the years, it is still stronger in Wikipedia than in Wikidata.

In this essay, it is assumed that any topic described in a reputable source deserves a place in the Wikimedia projects, regardless it is a prominent ancient Greek philosopher or an apparently irrelevant star in a distant galaxy million light-years away. Having that in mind, this page still in expansion, estimates the potential number of items for Wikidata on 2,971,966,214.

In a more exhaustive approach, where even entities known to exist but not described yet are counted, the estimate is increased by several orders of magnitude. Finally, if notability is removed, then the theoretical number of items is $\infty$ infinite.

You are welcome to improve this page, be bold!

Background

Many individuals devoted their lives to different efforts of knowledge compilation and preservation. Some inspiring cases are Vivian Maier, a nanny that took 150,000 photographs during her lifetime primarily of people and architecture;^[6] Paul Mawhinney, who archived a copy of every sold album growing a 3 million vinyl collection;^[7] Henry Spencer, a computer scientist that preserved over 2 million Usenet messages onto magnetic tapes^[8] or Marion Stokes, who recorded hundreds of thousands of hours of television news footage spanning 35 years.^[9]

"Like all persons of the Library, I have traveled in my youth; I have wandered in search of a book, perhaps the catalogue of catalogues..." –Jorge Luis Borges, The Library of Babel (1941)

Before Wikipedia, there were many attemps to compile all human knowledge in a single work. Some examples sorted by date include:

Library of Alexandria (3rd century BC) in Egypt
Natural History (AD 77–79) by Pliny the Elder
Etymologiae (7th century) by Isidore of Seville
De universo (9th century) by Rabanus Maurus
Speculum Maius (13th century) by Vincent of Beauvais
Yongle Encyclopedia (1403–1408) by Ming dynasty
Bibliotheca universalis (1545–1549) by Conrad Gessner
The abstracting and indexing project (17th century) by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Encyclopédie (1751–1772) by Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert
Mundaneum (1910) by Paul Otlet and Henri La Fontaine
Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
And more recently Interpedia (1993) by Rick Gates, Internet Archive (1996) by Brewster Kahle and Wikidata (2012)

Also, hypothetical cases exist: Encyclopedia Galactica (1980) by Carl Sagan in Cosmos, Permanent World Encyclopaedia (1936–1938) by H. G. Wells and Memex (1945) by Vannevar Bush. Finally, there are imaginary examples too: "The Universal Library" (1901) by Kurd Lasswitz, "The Total Library" essay and The Library of Babel (1941) by Jorge Luis Borges, Encyclopedia Galactica (1942) in Foundation series by Isaac Asimov and the Akashic records.

Furthermore, there are thousands of archive, library and museum all over the world preserving human knowledge in several formats: book, manuscript, academic journal, newspaper, magazine, sound and music recording, video recording, play-scripts, patent, database, map, postage stamp, print, drawing and more. Some of the largest ones are: British Library (170 million items^[10]), Library of Congress (155 million items^[11]), Russian State Library (43 million items^[12]), National Diet Library (35 million items^[13]), National Library of China (31 million items^[14]) and Bibliothèque nationale de France (31 million items^[15]).

"There is no practical obstacle whatever now to the creation of an efficient index to all human knowledge, ideas and achievements, to the creation, that is, of a complete planetary memory for all mankind." –H. G. Wells, World Brain (1937)

For completeness of sister projects, see § Sister projects. For an estimate about lost knowledge, see § Destroyed knowledge and Wikipedia:There is a deadline.

Summary

Topic	Subtopic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
Arts
	Architecture	275,452	921,942	4,524,851	10,301,477	Aquaria · Aqueducts · Bridges · Bullrings · Castles · Cemeteries · Dams · Fountains · Gates · Monuments · Horse racing venues · Hospitals · Hotels · Houses · Lighthouses · Military bases · Mines · Movie theaters · Observatories · Palaces · Parks · Places of worship · Power stations · Prisons · Research stations · Reservoirs · Schools · Shopping centers · Skyscrapers · Squares · Stadiums · Streets · Theatres · Towers · Tunnels · Universities · Watermills · Weather stations · Windmills · Zoos
	Cinema, television and radio	296,848	22,509	811,702	9,035,994	Movies · TV episodes · TV stations · TV channels · TV programs · Radio stations · TV awards
	Literature	105,609	26,156	44,064,455	251,870,808	Academic journals · Journal articles · Thesis · Bibliographies · Comics · Dictionaries · Dictionary entries · Encyclopedias · Encyclopedia articles · Books · Editions · Codices · Incunabulas · Manuscripts · Speeches · Fictional entities · Magazines · Newspapers · Poetry · Theatre · Literature awards
	Performing arts	164,522	2,676	348,129	98,020,901	Musical instruments · Albums · Songs
	Visual arts	24,549	151,557	1,870,576	10,902,983	Drawing · Painting · Photography · Sculptures
Geography
	Human geography	302,471	127,155	1,524,957	1,524,957	Sovereign states · Administrative divisions · Micronations
	Physical geography	118,516	82,532	2,057,215	3,177,215	Continents · Canals · Caves · Deserts · Oases · Forests · Glaciers · Hills · Islands · Lakes · Mountains · Mountain ranges · Rivers · Seas · Volcanoes
History	History	491,100	95,545	1,645,447	1,794,236	Calendar days · Events · Disasters · Elections · Time of day
GLAM	GLAM	49,028	53,362	983,793	931,303	Archives · Libraries · Museums · Collections
Science
	Astronomy	39,436	8,162	7,613,675	1,814,838,263	Galaxies · Stars · Black holes · Pulsars · Supernovae · Exoplanets · Natural satellites · Asteroids · Comets · Radio source
	Biology	480,247	254,106	6,052,901	209,836,366	Domains · Kingdoms · Phyla · Classes · Orders · Families · Genera · Species · Cell lines · Genes · Proteins · Non-coding RNA
	Chemistry and physics	0	0	1,146,000	60,000,000	Chemical compounds
	Health	6,746	2,374	417,191	424,964	Clinical trials · Diseases · Drugs
	Mathematics	2,749	16,683	424,332	2,200,000	Numbers · Prime numbers · Integer sequences
	Research	1,209	306	482,171	482,171	Research projects
Society	Society	222,528	292,271	17,112,983	309,564,436	Biographies · Given name · Family names · Business · Crafts · Organizations · Positions · Languages · Religion
Technology
	Inventions	5	44	274,028	140,000,000	Patents
	Software	4,436	1,532	10,034	2,000,000	Applications · Malware
	Transport	105,768	289,815	1,008,246	36,320,512	Airports · Ports · Train stations · Roads
Special pages	Special pages	1,011,113	50,370	8,739,628	8,739,628	Categories · Disambiguations · Lists · Portals · Templates
Total		3,702,332	2,399,097	101,112,314	2,971,966,214

Arts

The arts are composed of many endeavors (or artforms) united by their employment of the creative impulse. (Main articles: outline of the visual arts, element of art and Principles of art)

Architecture

architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and construction. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural and political symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements. (Main articles: outline of architecture and lists of buildings and structures) (Main categories: Category:Architecture lists and Category:Lists of buildings and structures) (For libraries, museums, archives, see #GLAM) (For transport infrastructure, see #Transport) (Note: some of these items may overlap)

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
public aquarium (Q2281788): facility with large tanks for water-dwelling species	244	368	527	200	According to Vancouver Aquarium there are 200+ aquaria worldwide.^[16]
aqueduct (Q474): structure constructed to convey water	219	590	1,464	1,464	Total number of aqueducts is unknown.
bridge (Q12280): structure that spans and provides a passage over a road, railway, river, or some other obstacle	8,948	29,144	65,153	5,000,000	Total number of bridges is unknown. There are at least 614,000 bridges in the United States,^[17], 39,500 bridges on federal roads in Germany^[18] and 17,500 road bridges in the Czechia alone^[19]. That gives roughly estimate of 500—2,000 inhabitants per bridge, so the total number would be between 5 and 15 millions worldwide.
bullring (Q1193438): arena where bullfighting is performed	61	348	858	3,500	According to sources, there are 3,500+ bullrings.^[20]
castle (Q23413): type of fortified structure built in Europe, Asia and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by nobility	6,119	15,048	31,006	31,006	Total number of castles is unknown.
cemetery (Q39614): place of burial	4,127	23,001	386,022	386,022	Total number of cemeteries is unknown.
dam (Q12323): barrier that impounds water or underground streams	5,315	3,371	80,782	800,000	According to International Rivers, by 1997 there were 800,000 dams worldwide, 40,000 over 15m high.^[21] (See also GeoNames database)
fountain (Q483453): piece of architecture that ejects water	467	6,494	28,284	28,284	Total number of fountains is unknown.
gate (Q53060): point of entry to a space enclosed by building, wall or fence	546	3,840	12,236	12,236	Total number of gates is unknown.
heritage (Q2434238): property, custom, or other material, immaterial or natural object inherited from previous generations, and conserved for its importance for future generations	21,384	116,988	590,161	590,161	Total number of monuments (heritage) is unknown.
horse racing venue (Q11822917): venue used in horse racing	334	322	861	861	Total number of horse racing venues is unknown.
hospital (Q16917): health care facility, for individual buildings use hospital building, for organizations use medical organization	7,103	5,660	38,511	16,500	According to Cybermetrics Lab, there are 16,500 hospitals worldwide.^[22]
hotel (Q27686): business enterprise that provides lodging in a single building paid on a short-term basis	5,780	14,283	157,771	180,000	According to sources, there are 180,000-400,000+ hotels worldwide.^[23]
house (Q3947): building usually intended for living in	27,861	110,055	490,033	490,033	Total number of notable houses is unknown.
lighthouse (Q39715): structure designed to emit light to aid navigation	2,369	3,945	9,837	24,400	According to Lighthouse Directory there are 24,400+ lighthouses worldwide.^[24]
military base (Q245016): facility directly owned and operated by or for the military	4,240	2,951	11,524	11,524	Total number of military bases is unknown.
mine (Q820477): place for the extraction of minerals	2,851	2,940	52,919	52,919	Total number of mines is unknown.
movie theater (Q41253): venue, usually a building, for viewing films	2,217	4,209	57,553	57,553	Total number of movie theaters is unknown.
observatory (Q62832): location used for observing terrestrial or celestial events	1,036	832	3,799	3,799	Total number of observatories is unknown.
palace (Q16560): grand residence, especially a royal or episcopal residence	2,323	10,612	20,028	20,028	Total number of palaces is unknown.
park (Q22698): permanently dedicated recreation area, often open to the public and generally characterized by natural, historic, or landscape features	15,882	23,734	117,748	117,748	Total number of parks is unknown.
structure of worship (Q1370598): specially designed structure for use in worshipping	46,245	276,910	576,986	576,986	Total number of places of worship is unknown. A quick estimate is one place of worship per settlement. As of 2011, the Catholic Church had 3,068 churches of cathedral and co-cathedral status around the world.^[25] Estimations of churches worldwide range from 250,000^[26] to 3,700,000,^[27] with 450,000 only in USA.^[28] There are 2.5 million mosques in the world.^[29]^[30]
power station (Q159719): facility generating electric power	5,130	3,929	28,759	28,759	Total number of power stations is unknown.
prison (Q40357): place in which people legally are physically confined and usually deprived of a range of personal freedoms	2,955	1,776	10,425	10,000	Total number of prisons is unknown. According to sources, there are 4,575 prisons in the United States and 1,029 in Russia.^[31] A rough estimate is 10,000 prisons worldwide.
research station (Q195339): station that is built for the purpose of conducting scientific research	240	171	560	560	Total number of research stations is unknown. (See Antarctic research station)
reservoir (Q131681): artificial lake impounded using a dam or lock to store water	3,068	3,540	28,277	40,000	Total number of reservoirs is unknown.
school (Q3914): institution for the education of students by teachers	49,209	23,344	808,656	808,656	Total number of schools is unknown.
shopping center (Q11315): complex of shops	3,817	3,916	8,704	8,704	Total number of shopping centers is unknown.
skyscraper (Q11303): very tall building	3,072	2,951	4,876	94,000	According to SkyscraperPage there are 94,000+ skyscrapers worldwide.^[32]
square (Q174782): open public spaces in cities or towns, usually rectilinear, surrounded by buildings, and often located at the junction of two or more thoroughfares	2,114	16,182	24,153	24,153	Total number of squares is unknown.
stadium (Q483110): place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events	7,979	5,091	14,772	11,500	According to World Stadiums there are 11,500+ stadiums worldwide. 689 in Africa, 1,200 in Asia, 286 in Central America, 4,268 in Europe, 527 in Middle East, 2,869 in North America, 284 in Oceania and 1,417 in South America.^[33]
street (Q79007): public thoroughfare in a built environment	4,819	165,987	705,622	705,622	Total number of streets is unknown.
theatre building (Q24354): building designed for presentation of dramatic performances	4,495	7,008	17,492	17,492	Total number of theatres is unknown.
tower (Q12518): structure with height greater than width	4,922	18,490	50,429	50,429	Total number of towers is unknown.
tunnel (Q44377): underground passageway	1,360	2,900	21,025	21,025	Total number of tunnels is unknown. According to es:Anexo:Túneles de España, in Spain there are 400 road tunnels and 1700 railway tunnels.
university (Q3918): academic institution for further education	13,742	3,269	19,357	20,000	According to Webometrics Ranking of World Universities, there are 20,000+ universities worldwide.^[34]
watermill (Q185187): structure that uses a water wheel or turbine to drive a mechanical process	201	2,581	6,766	6,766	Total number of watermills is unknown.
weather station (Q190107): set of sensors that record and provide physical measurements and meteorological parameters	41	133	32,317	32,317	Total number of weather stations is unknown.
windmill (Q38720): machine that converts the energy of wind into rotational energy	602	3,054	4,507	4,507	Total number of windmills is unknown.
zoo (Q43501): collection of assorted wild animal species kept for purposes like: study, conservation and, or, commercial exhibition	1,142	1,643	2,328	10,000	According to sources there are 10,000+ zoos worldwide.^[35]
list of building types (Q3634365): Wikimedia list article	0	0	0	0	Total number of building types is unknown.
architectural style (Q32880): visual characteristics of a building	814	305	1,470	1,470	Total number of architectural styles is unknown.
architecture award (Q1829324): type of award	59	27	293	293	Total number of architecture awards is unknown.
Total	275,452	921,942	4,524,851	10,301,477

Cinema, television and radio

(This section excludes biographies) (This section excludes archives)

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
film (Q11424): sequence of images that give the impression of movement, stored on film stock	172,179	15,984	393,488	811,306	According to Internet Movie Database, there are 667,381 movies and 143,925 TV movies.^[36]
television series episode (Q21191270): single installment of a television series	15,174	79	177,200	7,983,674	According to Internet Movie Database, there are 7,983,674 TV episodes.^[36]
television station (Q1616075): organization that transmits content on television	6,238	1,116	9,703	9,703	According to Federal Communications Commission, there are 1,700+ TV stations (and 2,100+ low power) in USA.^[37]
television channel (Q2001305): terrestrial frequency or virtual number over which a television station or television network is distributed	3,456	590	6,268	6,268	Total number of TV channels is unknown. According to sources, there are 700+ in India,^[38] 7,200 in Europe as of 2009 (UE 27 + Croatia and Turkey).^[39] Total number of defunct channels is unknown.
television program (Q15416): segment of audiovisual content intended for broadcast on television	75,957	3,811	194,390	194,390	Total number of TV programs is unknown. Example: list of Spanish television series contains 800+ series and miniseries.
radio station (Q14350): organization for the production and transmission of radio programs	23,557	917	30,137	30,137	According to The World Factbook, there are 44,000 radio stations worldwide^[40] and according to Federal Communications Commission 14,000+ are in USA.^[37]
television award (Q1407225): award for excellence of television achievements	287	12	516	516	Total number of TV awards is unknown.
Total	296,848	22,509	811,702	9,035,994

Literature

literature is the art of written works. The word literature literally means: "things made from letters". Literature is commonly classified as having two major forms—fiction and non-fiction—and two major techniques—poetry and prose. (This section excludes #Biographies and #Libraries)

An academic journal is a peer-reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Estimates suggest that around 50 million journal articles^[41] have been published since the first appearance of the Philosophical Transactions in 1665.
An encyclopedia is a type of reference work, a compendium holding a summary of information from either all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge.
A novel is a long prose narrative that describes fictional characters and events in the form of a sequential story.
poetry is a form of literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning. See also outline of poetry.
theatre is a collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place. See also outline of theatre.

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
academic journal (Q737498): peer-reviewed periodical relating to an academic discipline	5,043	401	35,993	35,993	Total number of academic journals is unknown. See also Journals cited by Wikipedia.
scholarly article (Q13442814): article in an academic publication, usually peer reviewed	0	0	41,476,409	91,000,000	According to sources, over 50 million journal articles have been published since 1665.^[41] Number of records in different academic databases: ScienceOpen (91,000,000)^[42] Scholia (41,000,000)^[43] Internet Archive Scholar (35,000,000)^[44] Europe PubMed Central (34,000,000)^[45] Inspec (20,000,000)^[46] Compendex (10,000,000)^[47] PubMed Central (9,700,000)^[48] IEEE Xplore (5,500,000)^[49] Elsevier BIOBASE (4,100,000) Academic Search (3,000,000) arXiv (2,400,000)^[50] SciELO (230,000) See also lists of important publications in science.
thesis (Q1266946): a scholarly work submitted as a requirement to obtain an academic degree; Use Q187685 for PhD thesis	12	18	147,342	147,342	Total number of thesis is unknown.
bibliography (Q1631107): list of books or documents relevant to a particular subject or author	9,200	480	35,081	35,081	Total number of bibliographies is unknown.
comics (Q1004): creative work in which images and text convey information such as narratives	10,306	395	42,658	42,658	Total number of comics is unknown.
dictionary (Q23622): work that provides word information such as spelling, definition, gender, pronunciation, etymology, etc., where the information provided depends on the kind of dictionary	823	543	5,520	38,000	According to sources, there are 38,000 dictionaries.^[51]
dictionary entry (Q1580166): part of a dictionary covering a specific word or phrase; the lexicographical information covered depends on the kind of the dictionary; single dictionary entry covers all senses of the word	13	3	166,539	166,539	Total number of dictionary entries is unknown.
encyclopedia (Q5292): type of reference work	512	427	2,175	13,000	According to sources, there are 13,000 encyclopedias.^[52] Some of the most complete encyclopedias are Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana (800,000 articles), Encyclopædia Britannica (100,000 articles), Encyclopédie (72,000 articles^[53]) and Oxford Reference Online (1,400,000 articles). Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles Wikipedia:Size comparisons#Comparison of encyclopedias Portal:Reference Works See more encyclopedias in Google Books and Internet Archive. See also list of encyclopedias by language, list of encyclopedias by branch of knowledge and list of online encyclopedias.
encyclopedia article (Q13433827): part of encyclopedia, sometimes considered as reference work by itself	43	38	811,460	811,460	Total number of encyclopedia articles is unknown.
book (Q571): medium for recording information (words or images) typically on bound pages or more abstractly in electronic or audio form	5,384	1,832	73,811	73,811	Total number of books (without counting separated editions) is unknown.
version, edition or translation (Q3331189): specific version of a work, resulting from its edition, adaptation, or translation; set of substantially similar copies of a work	1,390	4,924	574,760	158,464,880	As of 2010, according to Google, there were 129,864,880 books (considering all editions separately).^[54] UNESCO estimates that 2.2 million new titles are published every year, so there are roughly 158,464,880 unique books (editions) in the world as of 2023.^[55]
codex (Q213924): book with handwritten content	156	192	449	449	Total number of codices is unknown.
incunable (Q216665): book, pamphlet, or broadside that was printed before the year 1501 in Europe	19	46	663	350,000	According to sources, there are 350,000 editions, around 1.5 million surviving copies, located in over 5,000 libraries worldwide.^[56]^[57] See also Incunabula Short Title Catalogue (29,777) and Universal Short Title Catalogue (350,000).
manuscript (Q87167): document written by hand	3,348	2,133	185,591	185,591	Total number of manuscripts is unknown.
discourse (Q190539): generalization of the notion of a conversation to any form of communication	201	64	3,944	3,944	Total number of speeches is unknown. See also oral literature.
fictional entity (Q14897293): entity that only exists in a work of fiction	25,415	4,430	122,362	122,362	Total number of fictional entities (characters, locations, events) is unknown.
magazine (Q41298): publication that is typically distributed at a regular interval	20,109	3,824	166,433	166,433	Total number of magazines is unknown. According to sources by country: China (9,000)^[58]
newspaper (Q11032): scheduled publication containing news of events, articles, features, editorials, and advertising	11,016	2,708	57,827	57,827	Total number of newspapers is unknown. According to sources by country: India (72,000)^[38] China (2,000)^[58]
poem (Q5185279): work of poetry, often composed of verses	3,545	1,215	123,877	123,877	Total number of poems is unknown.
play (Q25379): theatrical dramatic work intended to be performed by actors (in theatre, radio or recorded for TV)	7,672	2,300	26,221	26,221	Total number of plays is unknown.
literary award (Q378427): award for authors and literary associations	1,402	183	5,340	5,340	Total number of literature awards is unknown.
Total	105,609	26,156	44,064,455	251,870,808

Performing arts

performing arts are a form of art in which artists use their voices and/or their bodies, often in relation to other objects, to convey artistic expression. It is different from visual arts, which is when artists use paint/canvas or various materials to create physical or static art objects. Performing arts include several disciplines, each performed in front of a live audience.

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
musical instrument (Q34379): device created or adapted to make musical sounds	578	1,561	20,901	20,901	Total number of musical instruments is unknown.
album (Q482994): grouping of album releases by an artist usually released at the same time with the same title and tracks but in different formats for consumption (digital, CD, LP)	155,080	185	298,710	1,000,000	Total number of albums is over 1,000,000. The Freedb database holds information for around 1.5 million compact disc (many are duplicates), AllMusic database contains entries for 800,000 unique albums, Discogs database contains over 890,000 master releases (several versions of releases) and nearly 6.5 million unique individual versions of releases,^[59] Jamendo project contains over 50,000 free and open albums. Record-Rama collection holds 3 million albums and singles. New albums in USA: 75,000 (2010), 96,100 (2009), 106,000 (2008), 76,000 (2006)^[60] See also list of online music databases.
song (Q7366): musical composition for voice(s)	8,864	930	28,518	97,000,000	According to sources, there are 97 million songs.^[61]
Total	164,522	2,676	348,129	98,020,901

Visual arts

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
drawing (Q93184): visual artwork in two-dimensional medium	261	610	170,381	170,381	Total number of drawings is unknown.
painting (Q3305213): visual artwork, surface artistically covered with paint	9,321	23,133	967,593	10,000,000	Total number of paintings is unknown. According to Art UK database there are 213,000 artworks contained within the UK's national collection.^[62] See also Wikidata:WikiProject sum of all paintings.
photograph (Q125191): image created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface	220	180	80,222	80,222	Total number of photographs is unknown.
sculpture (Q860861): three-dimensional work of art	14,747	127,634	652,380	652,380	Total number of sculptures is unknown.
Total	24,549	151,557	1,870,576	10,902,983

Geography

Human geography

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
sovereign state (Q3624078): state that has the highest authority over a territory	214	198	221	221	193 member states of the United Nations and historical states.^[63]
first-level administrative division (Q10864048): administrative division directly subordinate to or under administration of a national government	4,733	889	5,660	5,660	Total number of first-level administrative divisions is unknown.
second-level administrative division (Q13220204): administrative division subordinate to or under administration of a first-level division	44,660	13,903	54,797	54,797	Total number of second-level administrative divisions is unknown.
third-level administrative division (Q13221722): administrative division subordinate to or under administration of a second-level division	67,854	23,997	159,866	159,866	Total number of third-level administrative divisions is unknown.
fourth-level administrative division (Q14757767): administrative division subordinate to or under administration of a third-level division	145,986	62,664	519,229	519,229	Total number of fourth-level administrative divisions is unknown.
fifth-level administrative division (Q15640612): administrative division subordinate to or under administration of a fourth-level division	38,861	25,430	752,938	752,938	Total number of fifth-level administrative divisions is unknown.
sixth-level administrative division (Q22927291): administrative division subordinate to or under administration of a fifth-level division	61	32	32,095	32,095	Total number of sixth-level administrative divisions is unknown.
micronation (Q188443): small, unrecognized country	102	42	151	151	Total number of micronations is unknown.
Total	302,471	127,155	1,524,957	1,524,957

Physical geography

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
continent (Q5107): large landmass identified by convention	48	21	56	56	Current continents and ancient or hypothesized ones.
canal (Q12284): man-made channel for water	1,229	2,966	65,117	65,117	Total number of canals is unknown.
cave (Q35509): natural void under the Earth's surface	1,690	3,334	19,712	2,400	World Caves Database includes 2,424 caves deeper than 300m (total height) or longer than 3km.^[64]
desert (Q8514): barren area of land where little precipitation occurs	184	111	2,680	2,680	Total number of deserts is unknown.
oasis (Q43742): isolated area of vegetation in a desert	53	27	184	184	Total number of oases is unknown.
forest (Q4421): dense collection of trees covering a relatively large area	1,589	2,265	28,256	28,256	Total number of forests is unknown.
glacier (Q35666): large persistent body of ice	3,106	865	9,527	100,000	Total number of glaciers is unknown. According to sources by country: Kyrgyzstan (8,000)^[65] United States (100,000)^[66]^[67]
hill (Q54050): landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in lower mountain ranges, smaller than a mountain	3,822	3,241	327,028	327,028	Total number of hills is unknown.
island (Q23442): piece of sub-continental land completely surrounded by water	13,966	7,556	214,514	100,000	Total number of islands is unknown. According to sources are approximately 45,000 tropical islands.^[68]
lake (Q23397): body of relatively still water, localized in a basin	16,683	16,498	333,525	1,000,000	Total number of lakes is unknown.^[69] According to sources by country: Belarus (11,000)^[70] Canada (31,752)^[71] Finland (187,888)^[72] Norway (450,000) Sweden (150,000)^[73]
mountain (Q8502): large natural elevation of the Earth's surface	29,303	22,015	521,836	521,836	Total number of mountains is unknown. Mountains Mount includes info over 100,000 mountains.^[74] According to sources by elevation: Above 8,000 m (14) Above 7,000 m (???) Above 6,000 m (???) Above 5,000 m (???)
mountain range (Q46831): geographic area containing several geologically related mountains	4,829	2,224	28,008	28,008	Total number of mountain ranges is unknown.
river (Q4022): larger natural watercourse	40,763	20,411	503,725	1,000,000	Total number of rivers is unknown. According to sources, there are 146,000+ in Africa^[75] and 104,000+ in Europe.^[76] According to sources by country: Azerbaijan (8,359)^[77] Brazil (25,000)^[78] China (20,000)^[79]^[80] El Salvador (300)^[81] Georgia (26,000)^[82] Guatemala (3,000)^[83] Kyrgyzstan (25,000)^[84]^[85] Nepal (6,000)^[86] Panama (500)^[87] Romania (4,000)^[88] Russia (120,000)^[89]^[90] Spain (1,800)^[91] Ukraine (71,000)^[92] United States (250,000)^[93]^[94] Venezuela (1,000)^[95]
sea (Q165): large body of saline water	146	46	232	150	Total number of seas is unknown.
volcano (Q8072): natural, surface vent or fissure usually in a mountainous form	1,105	952	2,815	1,500	According to sources, there are over 1,500 volcanoes worldwide.^[96]
Total	118,516	82,532	2,057,215	3,177,215

History

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
calendar day of a given year (Q47150325): specific date (day) of a given year in Gregorian or Julian calendars. See property "point in time" (P585).	5,501	38,286	201,303	201,303	Total number of calendar days is unknown.
event (Q1656682): temporary and scheduled happening, like a conference, festival, competition or similar	403,939	49,243	1,208,839	1,208,839	Total number of events is unknown.
events in a specific year or time period (Q18340514): facts and events ranged in chronological order	26,669	1,207	49,711	200,000	Assuming 200 countries and 1,000 years, there could be 200,000 articles. See also list of time periods, history by period, Category:Year lists and list of calendars.
disaster (Q3839081): hazard resulting in an event causing significant physical damage, destruction or death	11,196	3,343	19,489	19,489	Total number of disasters is unknown.
public election (Q40231): process by which a population chooses the holder of a public office	43,779	3,444	78,205	78,205	Total number of elections is unknown.
time of day (Q1260524): type of occurrence	16	22	87,900	86,400	A day can be divided into 86,400 seconds.
Total	491,100	95,545	1,645,447	1,794,236

GLAM

Glam is an acronym for "galleries, libraries, archives, and museums", although other versions of the acronym exist, such as LAM, which incorporates only libraries, archives, and museums. More generally, GLAMs are publicly funded, publicly accountable institutions collecting cultural heritage materials. (For books and publications, see #Literature)

An archive is an accumulation of historical records, or the physical place they are located. Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organization's lifetime, and are kept to show the function of that person or organization.

A library is an organized collection of information resources made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both.

A museum is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of scientific, artistic, cultural, or historical importance and makes them available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
archive (Q166118): agency or institution responsible for the preservation and communication of records selected for permanent preservation	1,796	2,128	22,171	22,171	Total number of archives is unknown. According to sources by country: Spain (34,000)^[97] United Kingdom (2,389)^[98]
library (Q7075): institution charged with the care of a collection of literary, musical, artistic, or reference materials, such as books, manuscripts, recordings, or films	4,316	5,939	103,094	72,000	According to OCLC, there are 72,000+ libraries in 170 countries.^[99] According to sources by country: Burundi (60)^[100] Canada (4,154)^[101] Croatia (232)^[102] Cuba (400)^[103] Czech Republic (6,245)^[104] Denmark (250)^[105] Finland (1,471)^[106]^[107] France (1,620)^[108]^[109] Germany (6,313)^[110] Greece (672)^[111] Hungary (3,518)^[112] Iceland (187)^[113] Latvia (998)^[114] Lithuania (1,478)^[115] Morocco (18)^[116] Netherlands (579)^[117] North Korea (200)^[118] Norway (1,108)^[119] Panama (40)^[120] Peru (200)^[121] Poland (9,230)^[122] Portugal (168)^[123] Romania (2,950)^[124] Russia (50,032)^[125] Sweden (324)^[126] Tanzania (16)^[127] Tunisia (200)^[128] Ukraine (21,857)^[129] United Kingdom (5,500)^[98] United States (139,000)^[130] Zimbabwe (76)^[131] According to sources by size: British Library (150,000,000 items)^[132] Smithsonian Institution (137,000,000 items)^[133] Library of Congress (32,000,000 items)^[134] See also list of national and state libraries, list of the largest libraries in the United States, list of libraries in the ancient world, list of destroyed libraries and list of digital library projects.
museum (Q33506): institution that holds artifacts and other objects of scientific, artistic, cultural, historical, or other importance	19,682	32,505	76,396	55,000	According to The World Museum Community, there are 55,000+ museums in 202 countries.^[135] About 17,673 museums in Europe, based on 2003 and 2008 figures.^[136] According to sources by country: Australia (1,019)^[137] Canada (2,400)^[138] Finland (280)^[107] France (1,000)^[108] Germany (4,000)^[139]^[110] Hungary (500)^[112] Iceland (50)^[113] Morocco (11)^[116] Pakistan (27)^[140] Peru (250)^[121] Poland (500)^[122] Portugal (300)^[123] Romania (400)^[124] Russia (1,000)^[125] Spain (1,400)^[141] Sweden (200)^[126] United Kingdom (2,500)^[98]^[142] United States (17,500)^[143] According to sources by size: Metropolitan Museum of Art (2,000,000 items) Tokyo National Museum (110,000 items) Louvre Museum (30,000 items)^[144] See also list of national museums.
collection (Q2668072): set of purposefully gathered physical or digital objects with some common characteristics	23,234	12,790	782,132	782,132	Total number of collections is unknown.
Total	49,028	53,362	983,793	931,303

Science

Astronomy

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
galaxy (Q318): large gravitationally bound system of stars and interstellar matter	2,512	4,551	2,459,296	2,459,296	Total number of galaxies in the observable universe ranges from 210^11 to 210^12.^[145]^[146]
star (Q523): astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity	5,200	482	4,485,183	1,811,709,771	Total number of stars in the observable universe ranges from 10^22 to 10^24. Only a tiny fraction have been described, about 1,811,709,771 in the Gaia Data Release 3 by the Gaia European space mission.^[147]
black hole (Q589): astronomical object so massive, that anything falling into it, including light, cannot escape its gravity	6	4	13	13	Total number of black holes is unknown.
pulsar (Q4360): highly magnetized, rapidly rotating neutron star or white dwarf	67	15	2,806	2,806	Total number of pulsars is unknown.
supernova (Q3937): star exploding at the end of its stellar lifespan	86	43	14,480	14,480	Total number of supernovae is unknown.
exoplanet (Q44559): any planet beyond the Solar System	1,525	226	10,098	10,098	Total number of exoplanets is unknown.
natural satellite (Q2537): celestial body that orbits a planet or other smaller body in turn directly orbiting a star	322	162	449	449	Total number of natural satellites is unknown.
asteroid (Q3863): minor planet of the inner Solar System; not a comet	28,725	2,118	248,628	248,628	Total number of asteroids is unknown.
comet (Q3559): icy small astronomical object	642	141	1,314	1,314	Total number of comets is unknown.
astronomical radio source (Q1931185): object in outer space that emits strong radio waves	351	420	391,408	391,408	Total number of radio sources is unknown.
Total	39,436	8,162	7,613,675	1,814,838,263

Biology

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
domain (Q146481): taxonomic rank (for "ordinary" organisms thus not viruses)	3	2	6	6	According to sources, there are 3 domains.
kingdom (Q36732): taxonomic rank	15	5	39	39	Total number of kingdoms is unknown.
phylum (Q38348): main taxonomic rank (under the rank kingdom)	166	21	322	322	Total number of phyla is unknown.
class (Q37517): taxonomic rank in biology	405	77	1,042	1,042	Total number of classes is unknown.
order (Q36602): taxonomic rank	1,612	351	3,696	3,696	Total number of orders is unknown.
family (Q35409): taxonomic rank (or a taxon at that rank) between order and genus	9,647	1,944	21,982	21,982	Total number of families is unknown.
genus (Q34740): taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, and viruses	101,734	19,474	273,301	273,301	Total number of genera is unknown.
species (Q7432): one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank	351,955	231,443	3,194,872	8,000,000	Acording to sources, there are 8 million species.^[148] More than 99% of all species, amounting to over 5 billion species,^[149] that ever lived on Earth are extinct.^[150]^[151]^[152]
cell line (Q21014462): immortalized eukaryotic cell clone, derived from a cell type of a eukaryote	94	35	153,648	153,648	Total number of cell lines is unknown.
gene (Q7187): basic physical and functional unit of heredity	12,171	418	1,266,301	1,266,301	Total number of genes is unknown.
protein (Q8054): biomolecule or biomolecule complex largely consisting of chains of amino acid residues	2,162	333	1,021,663	200,000,000	According to sources, there are 200 million known proteins across all life forms.
non-coding RNA (Q427087): class of RNA that is not translated into proteins	283	3	116,029	116,029	Total number of non-coding RNA is unknown.
Total	480,247	254,106	6,052,901	209,836,366

Chemistry and physics

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}	Image
chemical compound (Q11173): pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements	0	0	1,146,000	60,000,000	According to CAS Registry Number, there are 60 million chemical compounds^[153] (with a growth of 10 million in less than two years). See also list of minerals.
Total	0	0	1,146,000	60,000,000

Health

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
clinical trial (Q30612): human subject research in medicine	35	4	391,964	391,964	Total number of clinical trials is unknown.
disease (Q12136): abnormal condition negatively affecting organisms	4,765	1,459	12,527	12,000	According to sources, there are 12,000 diseases.^[154] See also Category:Animal diseases and lists of plant diseases.
drug (Q8386): chemical substance having an effect on the body	1,946	911	12,700	21,000	According to sources, there are 21,000 drugs.^[155]
Total	6,746	2,374	417,191	424,964

Mathematics

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
number (Q11563): mathematical object used to count, label, and measure	2,434	15,466	296,589	1,000,000	According to mathematics, there are ℵ₀ (infinite) numbers, integers and reals. Let's assume 1,000,000 notable numbers.
prime number (Q49008): positive integer with exactly two divisors, 1 and itself	201	1,206	127,550	1,000,000	According to mathematics, there are ℵ₀ (infinite) prime numbers. Let's assume 1,000,000 notable prime numbers.
integer sequence (Q2297602): ordered succession of integers, defined by a formula, recurrence, or property of its members	114	11	193	200,000	According to sources, there are over 200,000 integer sequences.^[156]
Total	2,749	16,683	424,332	2,200,000

Research

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}	Image
research project (Q1298668): project of one or more scientists, or of an organization in a scientific field	1,209	306	482,171	482,171	Total number of research projects is unknown.
Total	1,209	306	482,171	482,171

Society

A society is a group of people related to each other through persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or virtual territory, subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
human (Q5): any member of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo, from embryo to adult	0	0	11,297,772	108,000,000	Total number of notable biographies is unknown. As of March 2017, Wikidata included 2,653,023 male biographies and 530,490 female biographies.^[157] That is a gender ratio of 5:1. As of 2024, English Wikipedia contains 2,226,465 biographies. We could assume that in an average city with a population of 100,000 inhabitants there are 100 notable people: artists, scientists, writers, politicians, sportspeople and many more. If we agree with that, it means a 1 of 1000 notability rate. If the world population is about 8,000,000,000, we have 8,000,000,000/1,000 = 8,000,000 notable biographies of living people (BLP). Or given the fact that there are about 360,000 births per day,^[158] around 360 notable people are born each day. But we have to look into the past centuries too. The number of people who have ever been born is around 100,000,000,000.^[159] That gives us an estimate of 100,000,000 notable biographies (plus 8,000,000 BLP) in human history, but hardly there is information about that much people who lived in ancient times. Anyway, a rough estimate is over 108,000,000 notable biographies. Lists of people by occupation (cat) and nationality are desirable too. According to Wikidata, there are over 9,115 occupations (over 6,841 with an English label).^[160] See also Category:Obsolete occupations.
given name (Q202444): name typically used to differentiate people from the same family, clan, or other social group who have a common last name	12,419	23,355	115,265	115,265	Total number of given names is unknown.
family name (Q101352): part of a naming scheme for individuals, used in many cultures worldwide	67,694	190,812	650,867	650,867	Total number of family names is unknown.
business (Q4830453): organization undertaking commercial, industrial, or professional activity	113,373	74,009	568,686	568,686	Total number of business is unknown.
craft (Q2207288): field of work that requires particular skills and knowledge of skilled work	159	176	942	942	Total number of crafts is unknown.
organization (Q43229): social entity established to meet needs or pursue goals	no value	no value	4,251,973	200,000,000	Total number of organizations is unknown. According to sources, non-governmental organizations by country: India (3,300,000)^[161]^[162] Russia (277,000)^[163] United States (1,500,000)^[164] Assuming ~200 countries and an average of 1,000,000 organizations by country, we have 200,000,000 organizations.
position (Q4164871): social role with a set of powers and responsibilities within an organization	20,920	3,665	217,576	217,576	Total number of positions is unknown.
human language (Q20162172): set of all languages currently or formerly spoken, written, or signed by humans (excluding computer languages and mathematical/logically-formal languages)	7,102	87	8,596	6,900	According to sources, there are over 6,900 languages. Rosetta Project (Q1550475) is a permanent archive of 1,500 languages (13,000 microscopic pages of text) in a contemporary version of the historic Rosetta Stone (Q48584) to last from 2000 to 12,000 AD. See also list of constructed languages (Q33683), lists of extinct languages (Q175050) and list of constructed languages (Q33683). And wiktionary:Category:All languages for words in all languages.
religion (Q9174): social-cultural system	861	167	1,306	4,200	According to sources, there are 4,200 religions.^[165] pl:Encyklopedia Katolicka has over 40,000 definitions (it includes things like Fire in religion).
Total	222,528	292,271	17,112,983	309,564,436

Technology

technology is the making, modification, usage, and knowledge of physical tool, machine, techniques, craft, system, methods of organization, in order to solve a problem, improve a preexisting solution to a problem, achieve a goal or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures. Technologies significantly affect human as well as other animal species' ability to control and adapt to their natural environments. See also w:Category:Technology-related lists.

Inventions

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}	Image
patent (Q253623): monopoly granted on a new invention	5	44	274,028	140,000,000	Total number of patents is unknown. Patents databases: Espacenet (140,000,000) Japan Patent Office (???)^[166] United States Patent and Trademark Office (7,950,000)
Total	5	44	274,028	140,000,000

Software

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
application (Q166142): software program or group of programs designed for end-users	4,231	1,523	9,732	1,000,000	Total number of applications is unknown. According to repositories: App Store (550,000)^[167] Google Play (Q79576) (500,000)^[168] Ubuntu Software Center (Q70029) (30,000)
malware (Q14001): software that is intentionally hostile, intrusive, or damaging to a computer or network	205	9	302	1,000,000	According to sources, there are over 1,000,000 computer viruses.^[169]
Total	4,436	1,532	10,034	2,000,000

Transport

Topic	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
airport (Q1248784): location where aircraft take off and land with extended support facilities, mostly for commercial air transport	12,597	4,111	25,019	43,982	According to sources, there are 43,982 airports.^[170]
port (Q44782): maritime facility where ships may dock to load and discharge passengers and cargo	1,418	2,436	6,624	6,624	Total number of ports is unknown.
railway station (Q55488): railway facility where trains regularly stop to load or unload passengers and/or freight	57,155	72,794	151,819	151,819	Total number of train stations is unknown.
road (Q34442): wide way leading from one place to another, especially one with a specially prepared surface which vehicles can use	34,598	210,474	824,784	36,118,087	According to the CIA World Factbook, there are 36,118,087 roads in the world^[171]^[172]
Total	105,768	289,815	1,008,246	36,320,512

Special pages

Page type	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
Wikimedia category (Q4167836): use with 'instance of' (P31) for Wikimedia category	0	0	5,609,590	5,609,590	Total number of required categories is unknown.
Wikimedia disambiguation page (Q4167410): type of wiki page usually in main namespace (article namespace, ns=0) containing links to articles with similar names, and very little details only, use with P31 "instance of"	398,423	15,751	1,581,377	1,581,377	Total number of required disambiguation pages is unknown.
Wikimedia list article (Q13406463): page of a Wikimedia project with a list of something	234,058	28,747	522,770	522,770	Total number of required lists is unknown.
Wikimedia portal (Q4663903): pages on a Wikimedia wiki intended to serve as "Main Pages" for specific areas of knowledge or information, or for specific audiences and activities. Use with P31 'instance of' for them	787	10	6,046	6,046	Total number of required portals is unknown.
Wikimedia template (Q11266439): type of page in the Wikimedia system. Use with P31 'instance of' for template pages	377,845	5,862	1,019,845	1,019,845	Total number of required template pages is unknown.
Total	1,011,113	50,370	8,739,628	8,739,628

Datasets

Dataset	Enwiki^{[n 1]}	Commons^{[n 2]}	Wikidata^{[n 3]}	Estimate^{[n 4]}	References^{[n 5]}
IMDb ID (P345)	no value	no value	no value	30,998,431	As of 2024, this dataset includes 17,855,335 titles and 13,143,096 names.^[173]
Freebase ID (P646)	no value	no value	no value	7,451,019	This dataset includes 7,451,019 objects.
SIMBAD ID (P3083)	no value	no value	no value	17,094,596	As of 2024, this dataset includes 17,094,596 objects.^[174]
Internet Archive ID (P724)	no value	no value	no value	no value
Open Library ID (P648)	no value	no value	no value	no value
OCLC control number (P243)	no value	no value	no value	no value

Sister projects

Sister project	Content pages	Categories	Files/Images	Estimate	References
Abstract Wikipedia (Q96807071): Wikimedia project using Wikifunctions, Wikidata and various components focusing on extending and complement Wikipedia on all its supported languages (this is not a wiki)	no value	no value	no value	no value	See meta:Abstract Wikipedia.
Wikibooks (Q367): collaborative development of free textbooks	377,711	no value	no value	no value	See meta:Wikibooks.
Wikidata (Q2013): free knowledge graph hosted by Wikimedia and edited by volunteers	110,531,047	no value	no value	2,632,271,006	See meta:Wikidata.
Wikifunctions (Q104587954): Wikimedia project for maintaining an open library of reusable code	8,458	no value	no value	no value	See meta:Wikifunctions.
Wikimedia Commons (Q565): online repository of free-use image, sound, and other media files; part of the Wikimedia ecosystem	no value	no value	106,400,590	2,017,000,000	At least a picture of every notable person (8,000,000). At least a picture, sound recording and video of every species (3x8,000,000=24,000,000). At least ten pictures of every monument (10x590,104=5,901,040). At least a hundred pictures of every populated place (100x1,500,000=150,000,000). A PDF/DJVU file of every book in the public domain (15,846,488). At least a picture of every galaxy (2,459,296) and every star (1,811,709,771). See meta:Wikimedia Commons.
Wikinews (Q964): open-content online news written and edited by volunteers	1,752,046	no value	no value	no value	See meta:Wikinews.
Wikiquote (Q369): open collection of quotes that anyone can edit	325,927	no value	no value	no value	A page of every notable person. See meta:Wikiquote.
Wikisource (Q263): online library that collects open-content source material	6,067,559	no value	no value	1,584,648,800	A page of every book page. Assuming only 10% of 158,464,880 books are in the public domain and every book has 100 pages, it makes 1.5 billion pages. See meta:Wikisource.
Wikispecies (Q13679): open online species directory that anyone can edit	877,864	no value	no value	8,000,000	A page of every species (8,000,000). See meta:Wikispecies.
Wikiversity (Q370): Wikiproject focused on learning, teaching, research, service and ideas materials and activities	149,629	no value	no value	no value	See meta:Wikiversity.
Wikivoyage (Q373): free online travel guide that anyone can edit	135,628	no value	no value	1,500,000	A page of every populated place (1,500,000). See meta:Wikivoyage.
Wiktionary (Q151): free online dictionary that anyone can edit	39,772,549	no value	no value	no value	A page of every word in every language. See meta:Wiktionary.

Non-described entities

In 1584, the Italian philosopher and astronomer Giordano Bruno (Q36330) proposed an unbounded universe in *On the Infinite Universe and Worlds*: "Innumerable suns exist; innumerable earths revolve around these suns in a manner similar to the way the seven planets revolve around our sun. Living beings inhabit these worlds."^[175]

Non-described entities are those known to exist but we don't have direct information about them. Still, they would be notable if we acquire knowledge about them.

For example, total number of galaxies in the observable universe ranges from 200,000,000,000 (2*10^11) to 2,000,000,000,000 (2*10^12) but we don't have data about all of them.^[145]^[146] The same happens to stars, total number of stars in the observable universe ranges from 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (10^22) to 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (10^24). Only a tiny fraction (<0.00000000001%) have been described, about 1,811,709,771 in the Gaia Data Release 3 by the Gaia European space mission.^[147]

This is extensible to other astronomical bodies like planets and asteroids, which populate every solar system. According to this approach, the potential number of items for Wikidata is over 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (10^27).

At this scale, adding any human creation (like books, films, monuments) to the count, is irrelevant to the estimate. Furthermore, this estimate is only about the observable universe. Whether universe is infinite is still an open question of cosmology.

Non-notable entities

Non-notable entities are those known to exist but not included in Wikipedia/Wikidata for notability reasons. We can have information about them or not.

After counting galaxies and stars, one could think the next step are sand grains or atoms in the universe (10^80).^[176] But there are something better studied and even larger: numbers. Some numbers have their own Wikipedia article, but it isn't common or remotely exhaustive. We could hardly create and store an item for every atom in the universe, though definitely not for every number. But there is a solution, we could generate items for any number and its mathematical properties dynamically.

Despite many numbers can be seen as prosaic, among the most interesting ones are prime numbers. As demonstrated by Euclid (Q8747) around 300 BC, there are infinitely many primes. As of 2018, the largest known prime number is 2^82,589,933 − 1, a Mersenne prime with 24,862,048 decimal digits:

148894445742041325547806458472397916603026273992795324185271289425213239361064475310309971132180337174752834401423587560 ...
(24,861,808 digits skipped)
... 062107557947958297531595208807192693676521782184472526640076912114355308311969487633766457823695074037951210325217902591^[177]

According to this approach, the potential number of items for Wikidata is $\infty$ infinite.

Destroyed knowledge

See Wikipedia:There is a deadline

Notes

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 Number of articles that currently exists in English Wikipedia for this topic.
↑ ^2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 ^2.11 ^2.12 ^2.13 ^2.14 ^2.15 ^2.16 ^2.17 ^2.18 ^2.19 ^2.20 ^2.21 Number of categories that currently exists in Wikimedia Commons for this topic.
↑ ^3.00 ^3.01 ^3.02 ^3.03 ^3.04 ^3.05 ^3.06 ^3.07 ^3.08 ^3.09 ^3.10 ^3.11 ^3.12 ^3.13 ^3.14 ^3.15 ^3.16 ^3.17 ^3.18 ^3.19 ^3.20 ^3.21 Number of items that currently exists in Wikidata for this topic.
↑ ^4.00 ^4.01 ^4.02 ^4.03 ^4.04 ^4.05 ^4.06 ^4.07 ^4.08 ^4.09 ^4.10 ^4.11 ^4.12 ^4.13 ^4.14 ^4.15 ^4.16 ^4.17 ^4.18 ^4.19 ^4.20 ^4.21 Number of articles/categories/items that should exists in English Wikipedia/Wikimedia Commons/Wikidata for this topic to consider these projects complete.
↑ ^5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 ^5.13 ^5.14 ^5.15 ^5.16 ^5.17 ^5.18 ^5.19 ^5.20 ^5.21 Notes, sources, references and other relevant information about this topic.

References

↑ "10,000,000,000,000,000 bytes archived!". Collections Team blog. Internet Archive. October 26, 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2012-10-27. On Thursday, 25 October, hundreds of Internet Archive supporters, volunteers, and staff celebrated addition of the 10,000,000,000,000,000th byte to the Archive’s massive collections.
↑ "Mirroring Wikimedia project XML dumps". Meta-Wiki. 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2013-05-20. All dumps currently hosted: about 27TB and growing, as of Jan 2012.
↑ "Editing will temporarily pause for a failover test". Wikimedia Blog. 2017-04-18. Retrieved 2017-04-18.
↑ "Special:Statistics". English Wikipedia. 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2024-09-10. Content pages: 6,880,775
↑ "Special:Statistics". Wikidata. 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2024-09-10. Content pages: 113,766,108
↑ "Vivian Maier".
↑ "The Archive". 2009.
↑ "Usenet Archive of UTZOO Tapes". 2001-12-11.
↑ "A Dream to Preserve TV News, on the Road to Realization... with Your Help". 2013-11-22.
↑ "Using the British Library". Archived from the original on 2014-10-18. Retrieved 2015-02-24. The British Library is the UK’s national library and one of the world’s leading research libraries. Our collection of around 170 million items includes some of the most iconic treasures from a variety of cultures and includes books, manuscripts, maps, newspapers, patents and sound recordings.
↑ 2012 At A Glance
↑ "Russian State Library". Official library website. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
↑ "Annual Report of the National Diet Library. Trends of the past year". 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-07-15.
↑ "National Library of China - Visit Us. Overview of Library Collections". 2010. Retrieved 2012-09-28.
↑ "BnF - ABC of the collections: N for Numerous". 2011-06-23. Archived from the original on 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2015-02-24.
↑ "History of the Aquarium". Vancouver Aquarium. 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 2013-05-20. When the Vancouver Aquarium opened in 1956, there were five aquariums in North America, of which Vancouver was the fifth. Today, there are approximately 48, only two of which are in Canada. Worldwide, the number of aquariums has grown to over 200.
↑ https://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bridges-Final.pdf
↑ https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Artikel/StB/bruecken-zahlen-daten-fakten.html
↑ https://www.czso.cz/csu/xc/infrastruktura-silnicni-dopravy-k-1-1-2016
↑ "Lista de plazas de toros". Retrieved 2024-02-13.
↑ "Is it Worth a Dam?". Environmental Health Perspectives. 1997. Archived from the original on 2006-05-17. Retrieved 2013-05-20. Worldwide, some 40,000 "large" dams (over 15 m high, according to the International Commission on Large Dams) and about 800,000 smaller ones have been constructed.
↑ "Ranking Web of World Hospitals". Cybermetrics Lab. 2015. Retrieved 2015-02-24. The new edition is built from data collected in January 2015 for more than 16 500 Hospitals websites from all over the World.
↑ "How many hotels in the world are there anyway? Booking.com keeps adding them". Dennis Schaal. 2013-05-22. Archived from the original on 2013-05-22. Retrieved 2013-05-22. Booking.com says it offers 202,842 hotels globally. STR Global estimates that there are 187,000 hotels, offering 17.5 million guest rooms, around the globe. Other less-than-scientific guesstimates put the number of hotels around the world at around 400,000, with an additional 100,000 or so if you include B&Bs and hostels etc. In a similar vein, one of the global distribution systems informally uses 500,000 as a guide to the number of hotels in the world, although this number would exclude hostels, guest houses and motels.
↑ "The Lighthouse Directory". Welcome to the Lighthouse Directory, providing information and links for more than 24,400 of the world's lighthouses. Unknown parameter |acessdate= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
↑ lists of cathedrals
↑ "Catholicism: How many physical Catholic churches are there in the world?".
↑ "How many churches are there in the world?".
↑ "Fun Fact: There are more churches (450,000) in the USA than there are convenience stores (146,341), fast food restaurants (160,000), and hotels/motels (46,295, not counting casino hotels) combined (352,636 total)".
↑ "How Many Mosques Are There in the World?". Retrieved 2014-08-06.
↑ "How many Mosques are there in the world?". Retrieved 2014-08-06.
↑ "US has more prisoners, prisons than any other country". Retrieved 2014-01-18.
↑ "SkyscraperPage.com". 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2013-05-20. 93,962 Structures (2013), 89,160 Structures (2012), 72,609 Structures (2010)
↑ "Stadiums in the United States". World Stadiums. 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2012-05-28. Retrieved 2013-05-20.
↑ "Ranking Web of World Universities". Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.
↑ "Zoos by Country 2024". Retrieved 2024-02-13. The American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) reports a staggering 10,000 zoos worldwide, reflecting the global popularity of these wildlife sanctuaries.
↑ ^36.0 ^36.1 "IMDb Database Statistics". IMDb. 2024-02-10. Archived from the original on 2017-02-04. Retrieved 2017-02-04. Titles: 17,855,335; Names: 13,143,096
↑ ^37.0 ^37.1 "How Many TV and Radio Stations are There?". Federal Communications Commission. 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2013-05-21. As on March 2011: 14,728 full power radio stations: 4,778 AM, 6533 FM, and 3,417 educational FM. There are 859 Low Power FM stations. 1,774 full power TV stations: 1,022 UHF commercial, 360 VHF commercial, 285 UHF educational, and 107 VHF educational. 10,595 translators and booster stations. 2,172 low power TV stations.
↑ ^38.0 ^38.1 "The wonder that is media". Paranjoy Guha Thakurta. 2013-05-21. Archived from the original on 2012-05-25. Retrieved 2013-05-21. There are over 72,000 publications currently registered with the Registrar of Newspapers of India. At present, over 700 TV channels have been permitted by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting to uplink or downlink from the country.
↑ "Croissance du nombre de chaînes et de plates-formes de télévision européennes malgré la crise". Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel. 2010-01-13. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2013-05-21. Plus de 245 nouvelles chaînes de télévision ont été lancées en Europe en 2009 ; ce qui mène à la fin de l’année 2009 à un total de 7 200 chaînes de télévision européennes.
↑ "How many radio stations are there in the world?". Wiki Answers. 2013-05-21. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2013-05-21. There are about 44,000 radio stations worldwide.
↑ ^41.0 ^41.1 Jinha, A. E. (2010). "Article 50 million: An estimate of the number of scholarly articles in existence". Learned Publishing. 23 (3): 258–263. doi:10.1087/20100308. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-23.
↑ "ScienceOpen". Retrieved 2024-02-12. 91 million publications, 25,000 journals, 32 million authors.
↑ Scholia Statistics
↑ "Internet Archive Scholar". Retrieved 2024-02-12. This fulltext search index includes over 35 million research articles and other scholarly documents preserved in the Internet Archive. The collection spans from digitized copies of eighteenth century journals through the latest Open Access conference proceedings and preprints crawled from the World Wide Web.
↑ "Europe PubMed Central". Retrieved 2024-02-12. Research articles (34.974.606)
↑ "IET Inspec". Retrieved 2024-02-12. It contains over 20 million records of research literature from hundreds of trusted global publishers.
↑ "Compendex on Engineering Village". Retrieved 2024-02-12. 10.3M+ papers from 150,000+ conference proceedings.
↑ "PubMed Central". 9.7 million articles are archived in PMC.
↑ "About IEEE Xplore". Retrieved 2024-02-12. IEEE Xplore contains more than 6 million documents and other materials from some of the world's most cited publications in electrical engineering, computer science, and related sciences. The content in IEEE Xplore comprises: Over 1.5 million research articles, Over 4 million conference papers, Over 14,000 technical standards, Over 66,000 books and book chapters, Over 500 online educational courses. Approximately 25,000 new content items are added to IEEE Xplore each month.
↑ "arXiv.org". Retrieved 2024-02-12. arXiv is a free distribution service and an open-access archive for nearly 2.4 million scholarly articles in the fields of physics, mathematics, computer science, quantitative biology, quantitative finance, statistics, electrical engineering and systems science, and economics.
↑ "Dictionary" search on Open Library (Q1201876)
↑ "Encyclopedia" search on Open Library
↑ http://encyclopedie.uchicago.edu/
↑ "Books of the world, stand up and be counted! All 129,864,880 of you". Google Books. 2010-08-05. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2010-08-05. After we exclude serials, we can finally count all the books in the world. There are 129,864,880 of them. At least until Sunday.
↑ How Many Books Are In The World?
↑ "Incunabula Short Title Catalogue". 2013-05-21. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2013-05-21. The database records nearly every item printed from movable type before 1501, but not material printed entirely from woodblocks or engraved plates. 29,777 editions are listed as at January 8th 2008, including some 16th-century items previously assigned incorrectly to the 15th century.
↑ Universal Short Title Catalogue
↑ ^58.0 ^58.1 China.org.cn - Mass Media (Template:Webarchive)
↑ "Discogs - search". Discogs (Q504063). Retrieved 4 November 2015.
↑ Business Matters: 75,000 Albums Released In U.S. In 2010 -- Down 22% From 2009
↑ There Are 97,000,000 Songs In This World...Template:Dead link
↑ "BBC - Your Paintings". BBC Online (Q747860). BBC (Q9531). Retrieved 4 November 2015.
↑ "United Nations Member States".
↑ "Caves of the world". 2013-05-26. Archived from the original on 2013-05-26. Retrieved 2013-05-26. Number of caves = 2424; Caves deeper than 300m = 1075; Caves longer than 3kms = 1628
↑ "Kyrgyzstan Glaciers". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Glaciers, (8000 of them – one source says 8208), and permanent snow cover some 8100 square kilometers - about 30% of the total land area of the Kyrgyz Republic. The glaciers themselves cover about 4% of the surface area of the country.
↑ "How many Alaska glaciers? No easy answer". Archived from the original on 2014-07-27. Retrieved 2014-07-27. Not long ago, a glaciologist wrote that the number of glaciers in Alaska "is estimated at (greater than) 100,000." That fuzzy number, perhaps written in passive voice for a reason, might be correct. But it depends upon how you count.
↑ "Alaska's Glaciers". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. 745 Feature records have been selected from GNIS.
↑ island (Q23442)
↑ "Which country has the most lakes?".
↑ "Belarus Overview". Archived from the original on 2013-08-08. There are more than 20,000 rivers and creeks and about 11,000 lakes in Belarus.
↑ "The Atlas of Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-04-15. 31,752+larger than 3 km² (2-3 million in total)
↑ "Lakes in Finland". Archived from the original on 2013-05-17. There are 187,888 lakes in Finland. Lake is here defined as a body of standing water larger than 5 ares (500 m2). 56,000 over 10,000 m²
↑ Data available for 150,000, only 75,000 with name, 57,000 in sv:Kategori:Listor över Sveriges insjöar
↑ "Mountains Mount". 2012-05-30. Archived from the original on 2012-05-30. Retrieved 2013-05-26.
↑ "Cartographic river drainage databases". Archived from the original on 2013-05-18.
↑ "More than half of Europe's rivers fail ecological targets, report finds".
↑ According to unknown sources there are 8,188 rivers less than 25 km, only 24 rivers over 100 km.
↑ "National Aquaculture Sector Overview - Brazil".
↑ "China - Geography and population". FAO.
↑ "28,000 Rivers Disappeared in China: What Happened?".
↑ "El Salvador - Physical Features".
↑ "HYDRO ENERGY".
↑ "Hydropower, indigenous peoples' rights and popular resistance in Guatemala" (PDF).Template:Dead link
↑ "Water and hydropower Resources of the Kyrgyz Republic".
↑ "Воды". Archived from the original on 2013-05-18. 2,044 over 10 km
↑ "Nepal River Conservation Trust". Archived from the original on 2012-03-05. The latest data shows that Nepal has got over 6000 rivers and streams which have got hydropower potential.
↑ "Panama - Geography". Nearly 500 rivers lace Panama's rugged landscape. Mostly unnavigable, many originate as swift highland streams, meander in valleys, and form coastal deltas.
↑ "Inland fisheries of Europe". In addition to the dominating Danube, Romania has over 4,000 rivers having watersheds larger than 10 km2 and a total length exceeding 60,000 km.
↑ "Russia:: Rivers and Lakes". Among its 100,000 rivers, Russia contains some of the world's longest. Four of the country's five longest rivers—the Ob-Irtysh, Amur, Lena, and Yenisey—are in Siberia.
↑ "Russia - Water report". Archived from the original on 2013-11-07. There are 120,000 rivers over 10 km long. Their total length within the Russian Federation equals 2.3 million km
↑ "Spain - Rivers". Of the roughly 1,800 rivers and streams in Spain, only the Tagus is more than 960 kilometers long; all but 90 extend less than 96 kilometers.
↑ "FAO Fishery Country Profile - UKRAINE". Ukraine has about 71,000 rivers, with a total length of 248,000 km. Among them, 3,212 rivers have a length of more than 10 km and total 73,700 km in length.
↑ "River Facts". Archived from the original on 2011-08-07.)
↑ "Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Rivers". 2,000,000+ including small streams
↑ "Venezuela - Rivers". The Orinoco is by far the most important of the more than 1,000 rivers in the country.
↑ "How many volcanoes are there in the world?". Archived from the original on 2012-05-25.
↑ "Censo-Guía de Archivos de España e Iberoamérica". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.
↑ ^98.0 ^98.1 ^98.2 "Libraries, Archives, Museums and Publishing Online Statistics Tables". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.
↑ "OCLC President's Report". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-08-07.
↑ "Burundi - Libraries and museums". There are 60 public libraries in Burundi, with the largest in and around the capital. Libraries in Bujumbura include the Public Library, which has 27,000 volumes; the library of the University of Burundi, with 192,000 volumes; and a specialized collection at the Department of Geology and Mines. The French Cultural Center in Bujumbura holds 33,000 volumes.
↑ "How many libraries are in Canada?". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.
↑ "Croatia - Libraries and museums". In 1995, the country reported having 232 public libraries with a combined collection of 4.6 million volumes.
↑ "Cuba cuenta con más de 400 bibliotecas públicas en todo el territorio nacional, incluidas las situadas en las montañas".
↑ "Czech Republic - Libraries and museums". In 1997, the Czech Republic had 6,245 public libraries with 53.7 million volumes and 1.4 million registered users.
↑ "Denmark - Libraries and museums". As of 2002, there were 250 free public libraries throughout the country with 892 points of service. That year, the public libraries had a total of more than 31.4 million volumes.
↑ "Finland - Libraries and museums". There are about 400 research and university libraries in Finland, most of which are small. In 1997 there were 436 central public libraries and 1,202 branch libraries.
↑ ^107.0 ^107.1 "Report on the situation of libraries, museums and archive". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. In Finland there were 439 public libraries having 1006 branches and 370 research libraries with 465 branches in 1996. The total number of library units was 1471. The total number of museums in Finland is 280, of which 139 are cultural history museums, 71 special museums, 55 art museums and 17 natural history museums.
↑ ^108.0 ^108.1 "France - Libraries and museums". In 1997 there were 1,620 central public libraries with a combined total of more than 89.8 million volumes. There are more than 1,000 museums in France.
↑ "FYI France".
↑ ^110.0 ^110.1 "Germany - Libraries and museums". As of 1997, Germany had 6,313 public libraries with 149 million volumes in total. Germany has more than 4,500 state, municipal, association, private, residential, castle, palace, and church and cathedral treasures museums, which annually attract over 100 million visitors.
↑ "Greece - Libraries and museums". In 1997, there were 672 public libraries with a total of 9.1 million volumes
↑ ^112.0 ^112.1 "Hungary - Libraries and museums". As of 1997, there were 3,518 regional public libraries located throughout the country. There were over 500 museums (about 70 in Budapest) and many zoological and botanical gardens.
↑ ^113.0 ^113.1 "Iceland - Libraries and museums". There were a total of 187 public libraries with combined holdings of 1.9 million volumes in 1997. Iceland has more than 50 museums.
↑ "Latvia - Libraries and museums". In 1997, the country counted 998 public libraries housing 14.9 million volumes.
↑ "Lithuania - Libraries and museums". In 1997, there were 1,478 public libraries in the country.
↑ ^116.0 ^116.1 "Morocco - Libraries and museums". Of the 18 public libraries in Morocco, the largest is in Casablanca, with almost 360,000 volumes.
↑ "Netherlands - Libraries and museums". In 1997 there were 579 main public libraries with a combined collection of 41.5 million books.
↑ "Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (DPRK) - Libraries and museums". The DPRK has more than 200 public libraries, the largest being the Grand People's Study House in P'yongyang, with 20 million volumes.
↑ "Norway - Libraries and museums". Norway's 1,108 public libraries had 20.5 million volumes in 1997.
↑ "Panama - Libraries and museums". There are more than 40 other public libraries and branches.
↑ ^121.0 ^121.1 "Peru - Libraries and museums". There are nearly 200 public libraries in Peru, the largest of them in Callao, Arequipa, and Lima. More than 250 public and private museums.
↑ ^122.0 ^122.1 "Poland - Libraries and museums". In 1997 there were 9,230 public libraries, jointly holding almost 135 million volumes. Of the more than 500 museums in Poland...
↑ ^123.0 ^123.1 "Portugal - Libraries and museums". In 1997 the country had 168 public libraries with 4.8 million volumes. There are some 300 museums in Portugal.
↑ ^124.0 ^124.1 "Romania - Libraries and museums". In 1997, the country had over 2,950 public libraries holding a total collection of 50.5 million volumes. Romania has some 400 museums.
↑ ^125.0 ^125.1 "Russia - Libraries and museums". In 1995, the country counted 50,032 public libraries, holding in total 983.4 million volumes. Russia has over 1,000 museums.
↑ ^126.0 ^126.1 "Sweden - Libraries and museums". In 1997, Sweden had 324 public libraries. Sweden has about 200 museums.
↑ "Tanzania - Libraries and museums". The Tanzania Library Service was established in 1964. It maintains the National Central Library in Dar es Salaam (656,000 volumes), 16 public libraries, school library service, and a rural extension service.
↑ "Tunisia - Libraries and museums". The collections of Tunisia's approximately 250 public libraries hold over 2.7 million volumes.
↑ "Ukraine - Libraries and museums". In 1995, there were reported to be 21,857 public libraries operating in Ukraine with an overall stock of 336.7 million books.
↑ "Library Copyright Alliance". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-23.
↑ "Zimbabwe - Libraries and museums". There were more than 150,000 registered public library users using 76 public libraries holding 1.1 million volumes in 1989. In 1990, 100,000 people visited Zimbabwe's 11 museums.
↑ Books, manuscripts, journals, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, videos, play-scripts, patents, databases, maps, stamps, prints, drawings. 14 million are books, 3 million recordings. See also British Library Sound Archive (Q4970294).
↑ "About the Smithsonian". Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.
↑ "Carl Malamud Answers: Goading the Government To Make Public Data Public". Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.
↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". The World Museum Community. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.
↑ "The Cost of Digitising Europe's Cultural Heritage". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-09. There are approximately 17,673 museums in Europe, based on figures submitted between 2003 and 2008
↑ "Arts and Culture in Australia: A Statistical Overview, 2010". According to Museums, Australia, 2007-08 (cat. no. 8560.0) there were 1,019 museums operating from 1,276 locations in Australia at the end of June 2008. These locations included 768 social history museums, 425 historic properties and sites, and 83 other museums.
↑ "Interesting Facts About Canadian Museums". Canada has more than 2,400 museums, which have more than 24,000 paid employees and 55,000 volunteers, and receive nearly 54 million visits annually.
↑ "Museums in Germany – where history and culture are brought to life". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. The 4,000 or so museums in Germany serve as worlds of discovery and use exciting concepts to explore art and history, technology and architecture, literature and the natural world.
↑ "How many museums in Pakistan?".
↑ "Visit museums in Spain".
↑ "Frequently asked questions". Museums Association. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. It is estimated that there are about 2,500 museums in the UK, depending on what you include. Over 1,800 museums have been accredited by the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA).
↑ "How many museums are there in the United States?". American Association of Museums. Archived from the original on 2012-07-10.
↑ "Atlas database". Louvre museum. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.
↑ ^145.0 ^145.1 Astronomers were wrong about the number of galaxies in universe
↑ ^146.0 ^146.1 How many galaxies are in the Universe? A lot more than you'd think
↑ ^147.0 ^147.1 Gaia Archive
↑ How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?
↑ Kunin, W.E.; Gaston, Kevin, eds. (31 December 1996). The Biology of Rarity: Causes and consequences of rare—common differences. ISBN 978-0412633805. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
↑ Stearns, Beverly Peterson; Stearns, S. C.; Stearns, Stephen C. (2000). Watching, from the Edge of Extinction. Yale University Press (Q255147). p. preface x. ISBN 978-0-300-08469-6. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
↑ Template:Cite news
↑ Newman, Mark. A model of mass extinction. 1997. Journal of Theoretical Biology 189: 235–252
↑ "CAS REGISTRY Keeps Pace with Rapid Growth of Chemical Research, Registers 60 Millionth Substance".
↑ Measuring Diagnoses: ICD Code Accuracy
↑ "How many drug targets are there?". 1,357 unique drugs: 1,204 are 'small-molecule drugs' and 166 are 'biological' drugs
↑ Approximate number of entries in the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
↑ Biographies by gender in Wikidata
↑ "Worldometers - real time world statistics".
↑ How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth? (Template:Webarchive)
↑ Occupations in Wikidata
↑ "India: More NGOs, than schools and health centres". OneWorld.net. July 7, 2010. Retrieved 2011-10-07.
↑ Template:Cite news
↑ Template:Cite news
↑ Fact Sheet: Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the United States
↑ "Adherents.com". 2013-05-23. Archived from the original on 2013-05-24. Retrieved 2013-05-24. Adherents.com is a growing collection of over 43,870 adherent statistics and religious geography citations: references to published membership/adherent statistics and congregation statistics for over 4,200 religions, churches, denominations, religious bodies, faith groups, tribes, cultures, movements, ultimate concerns, etc.
↑ In 2005, it received 427,078 patent applications, 11,386 utility model applications, 39,254 design applications, and 125,807 trademark applications; it registered 122,944 patents, 10,573 utility model rights, 32,633 design rights, and 97,939 trademark rights in the same year.
↑ "App Store's 25 Billionth Download Comes From China with 'Where's My Water? Free'". MacRumors. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.
↑ "Google Play About To Pass 15 Billion App Downloads? Pssht! It Did That Weeks Ago". TechCrunch (Q1022366). 7 May 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
↑ Darren Pauli, Viruses Expected to Hit 1 Million This Year, Computerworld-Australia, Apr 6, 2008. (Template:Webarchive)
↑ Total Number of Airports by Country on ChartsBin (2010 data)
↑ "The World Factbook — COUNTRY COMPARISON :: ROADWAYS". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-08-23. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
↑ SIC 1622: BRIDGE, TUNNEL, AND ELEVATED HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION - Of the more than 600,000 bridges in the United States, 45 percent are under the financial jurisdiction of state governments, and 38 percent are controlled by county authorities.
↑ IMDB stats
↑ SIMBAD
↑ Brake, Mark (2013). Alien Life Imagined: Communicating the Science and Culture of Astrobiology (illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-521-49129-7.
↑ Atoms in the Universe
↑ "51st Known Mersenne Prime Discovered".

Bibliography

Academia

Nielsen, Finn (2010). Wikipedia is not the sum of all human knowledge: do we need a wiki for open data?
Nielsen, Finn et al. (2017). Scholia and scientometrics with Wikidata

Documentaries

Resnais, Alain (1956). Toute la mémoire du monde.
Deepspeed media (2013). Internet Archive.
Haak, Bregtje van der (2014). Digital Amnesia.
Levie, Françoise (2002). The Man Who Wanted to Classify the World.
Moledo, Leonardo (2009). El conocimiento como bien social y la Biblioteca de Babel.

Essays

News

Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense (The Atlantic)
Wikipedia Is Nearing "Completion" (Slashdot)
Wikipedia's 5 million articles still cover less than 5 per cent of all human knowledge (Telegraph)

Other

External links

Wikidata project and its query service

[column_enwiki-16] 1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 Number of articles that currently exists in English Wikipedia for this topic.

[column_commons-17] 2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 ^2.11 ^2.12 ^2.13 ^2.14 ^2.15 ^2.16 ^2.17 ^2.18 ^2.19 ^2.20 ^2.21 Number of categories that currently exists in Wikimedia Commons for this topic.

[column_wikidata-18] 3.00 ^3.01 ^3.02 ^3.03 ^3.04 ^3.05 ^3.06 ^3.07 ^3.08 ^3.09 ^3.10 ^3.11 ^3.12 ^3.13 ^3.14 ^3.15 ^3.16 ^3.17 ^3.18 ^3.19 ^3.20 ^3.21 Number of items that currently exists in Wikidata for this topic.

[column_estimate-19] 4.00 ^4.01 ^4.02 ^4.03 ^4.04 ^4.05 ^4.06 ^4.07 ^4.08 ^4.09 ^4.10 ^4.11 ^4.12 ^4.13 ^4.14 ^4.15 ^4.16 ^4.17 ^4.18 ^4.19 ^4.20 ^4.21 Number of articles/categories/items that should exists in English Wikipedia/Wikimedia Commons/Wikidata for this topic to consider these projects complete.

[column_references-20] 5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 ^5.13 ^5.14 ^5.15 ^5.16 ^5.17 ^5.18 ^5.19 ^5.20 ^5.21 Notes, sources, references and other relevant information about this topic.

[1] "10,000,000,000,000,000 bytes archived!". Collections Team blog. Internet Archive. October 26, 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2012-10-27. On Thursday, 25 October, hundreds of Internet Archive supporters, volunteers, and staff celebrated addition of the 10,000,000,000,000,000th byte to the Archive’s massive collections.

[2] "Mirroring Wikimedia project XML dumps". Meta-Wiki. 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2013-05-20. All dumps currently hosted: about 27TB and growing, as of Jan 2012.

[3] "Editing will temporarily pause for a failover test". Wikimedia Blog. 2017-04-18. Retrieved 2017-04-18.

[4] "Special:Statistics". English Wikipedia. 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2024-09-10. Content pages: 6,880,775

[5] "Special:Statistics". Wikidata. 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2024-09-10. Content pages: 113,766,108

[6] "Vivian Maier".

[7] "The Archive". 2009.

[8] "Usenet Archive of UTZOO Tapes". 2001-12-11.

[9] "A Dream to Preserve TV News, on the Road to Realization... with Your Help". 2013-11-22.

[bl_ff-10] "Using the British Library". Archived from the original on 2014-10-18. Retrieved 2015-02-24. The British Library is the UK’s national library and one of the world’s leading research libraries. Our collection of around 170 million items includes some of the most iconic treasures from a variety of cultures and includes books, manuscripts, maps, newspapers, patents and sound recordings.

[11] 2012 At A Glance

[rsl-12] "Russian State Library". Official library website. Retrieved 20 November 2010.

[ndl-13] "Annual Report of the National Diet Library. Trends of the past year". 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-07-15.

[14] "National Library of China - Visit Us. Overview of Library Collections". 2010. Retrieved 2012-09-28.

[15] "BnF - ABC of the collections: N for Numerous". 2011-06-23. Archived from the original on 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2015-02-24.

[21] "History of the Aquarium". Vancouver Aquarium. 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 2013-05-20. When the Vancouver Aquarium opened in 1956, there were five aquariums in North America, of which Vancouver was the fifth. Today, there are approximately 48, only two of which are in Canada. Worldwide, the number of aquariums has grown to over 200.

[22] ttps://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bridges-Final.pdf

[23] ttps://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Artikel/StB/bruecken-zahlen-daten-fakten.html

[24] ttps://www.czso.cz/csu/xc/infrastruktura-silnicni-dopravy-k-1-1-2016

[25] "Lista de plazas de toros". Retrieved 2024-02-13.

[26] "Is it Worth a Dam?". Environmental Health Perspectives. 1997. Archived from the original on 2006-05-17. Retrieved 2013-05-20. Worldwide, some 40,000 "large" dams (over 15 m high, according to the International Commission on Large Dams) and about 800,000 smaller ones have been constructed.

[27] "Ranking Web of World Hospitals". Cybermetrics Lab. 2015. Retrieved 2015-02-24. The new edition is built from data collected in January 2015 for more than 16 500 Hospitals websites from all over the World.

[28] "How many hotels in the world are there anyway? Booking.com keeps adding them". Dennis Schaal. 2013-05-22. Archived from the original on 2013-05-22. Retrieved 2013-05-22. Booking.com says it offers 202,842 hotels globally. STR Global estimates that there are 187,000 hotels, offering 17.5 million guest rooms, around the globe. Other less-than-scientific guesstimates put the number of hotels around the world at around 400,000, with an additional 100,000 or so if you include B&Bs and hostels etc. In a similar vein, one of the global distribution systems informally uses 500,000 as a guide to the number of hotels in the world, although this number would exclude hostels, guest houses and motels.

[29] "The Lighthouse Directory". Welcome to the Lighthouse Directory, providing information and links for more than 24,400 of the world's lighthouses. Unknown parameter |acessdate= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)

[30] sts of cathedrals

[31] "Catholicism: How many physical Catholic churches are there in the world?".

[32] "How many churches are there in the world?".

[33] "Fun Fact: There are more churches (450,000) in the USA than there are convenience stores (146,341), fast food restaurants (160,000), and hotels/motels (46,295, not counting casino hotels) combined (352,636 total)".

[34] "How Many Mosques Are There in the World?". Retrieved 2014-08-06.

[35] "How many Mosques are there in the world?". Retrieved 2014-08-06.

[36] "US has more prisoners, prisons than any other country". Retrieved 2014-01-18.

[37] "SkyscraperPage.com". 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2013-05-20. 93,962 Structures (2013), 89,160 Structures (2012), 72,609 Structures (2010)

[worldstadiums-38] "Stadiums in the United States". World Stadiums. 2013-05-20. Archived from the original on 2012-05-28. Retrieved 2013-05-20.

[39] "Ranking Web of World Universities". Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.

[40] "Zoos by Country 2024". Retrieved 2024-02-13. The American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) reports a staggering 10,000 zoos worldwide, reflecting the global popularity of these wildlife sanctuaries.

[imdbstats-41] 36.0 ^36.1 "IMDb Database Statistics". IMDb. 2024-02-10. Archived from the original on 2017-02-04. Retrieved 2017-02-04. Titles: 17,855,335; Names: 13,143,096

[fccstats-42] 37.0 ^37.1 "How Many TV and Radio Stations are There?". Federal Communications Commission. 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2013-05-21. As on March 2011: 14,728 full power radio stations: 4,778 AM, 6533 FM, and 3,417 educational FM. There are 859 Low Power FM stations. 1,774 full power TV stations: 1,022 UHF commercial, 360 VHF commercial, 285 UHF educational, and 107 VHF educational. 10,595 translators and booster stations. 2,172 low power TV stations.

[indianmedia-43] 38.0 ^38.1 "The wonder that is media". Paranjoy Guha Thakurta. 2013-05-21. Archived from the original on 2012-05-25. Retrieved 2013-05-21. There are over 72,000 publications currently registered with the Registrar of Newspapers of India. At present, over 700 TV channels have been permitted by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting to uplink or downlink from the country.

[44] "Croissance du nombre de chaînes et de plates-formes de télévision européennes malgré la crise". Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel. 2010-01-13. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2013-05-21. Plus de 245 nouvelles chaînes de télévision ont été lancées en Europe en 2009 ; ce qui mène à la fin de l’année 2009 à un total de 7 200 chaînes de télévision européennes.

[45] "How many radio stations are there in the world?". Wiki Answers. 2013-05-21. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2013-05-21. There are about 44,000 radio stations worldwide.

[50Mjournalarticles-46] 41.0 ^41.1 Jinha, A. E. (2010). "Article 50 million: An estimate of the number of scholarly articles in existence". Learned Publishing. 23 (3): 258–263. doi:10.1087/20100308. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-23.

[47] "ScienceOpen". Retrieved 2024-02-12. 91 million publications, 25,000 journals, 32 million authors.

[48] Scholia Statistics

[49] "Internet Archive Scholar". Retrieved 2024-02-12. This fulltext search index includes over 35 million research articles and other scholarly documents preserved in the Internet Archive. The collection spans from digitized copies of eighteenth century journals through the latest Open Access conference proceedings and preprints crawled from the World Wide Web.

[50] "Europe PubMed Central". Retrieved 2024-02-12. Research articles (34.974.606)

[51] "IET Inspec". Retrieved 2024-02-12. It contains over 20 million records of research literature from hundreds of trusted global publishers.

[52] "Compendex on Engineering Village". Retrieved 2024-02-12. 10.3M+ papers from 150,000+ conference proceedings.

[53] "PubMed Central". 9.7 million articles are archived in PMC.

[54] "About IEEE Xplore". Retrieved 2024-02-12. IEEE Xplore contains more than 6 million documents and other materials from some of the world's most cited publications in electrical engineering, computer science, and related sciences. The content in IEEE Xplore comprises: Over 1.5 million research articles, Over 4 million conference papers, Over 14,000 technical standards, Over 66,000 books and book chapters, Over 500 online educational courses. Approximately 25,000 new content items are added to IEEE Xplore each month.

[55] "arXiv.org". Retrieved 2024-02-12. arXiv is a free distribution service and an open-access archive for nearly 2.4 million scholarly articles in the fields of physics, mathematics, computer science, quantitative biology, quantitative finance, statistics, electrical engineering and systems science, and economics.

[56] "Dictionary" search on Open Library (Q1201876)

[57] "Encyclopedia" search on Open Library

[58] ttp://encyclopedie.uchicago.edu/

[59] "Books of the world, stand up and be counted! All 129,864,880 of you". Google Books. 2010-08-05. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2010-08-05. After we exclude serials, we can finally count all the books in the world. There are 129,864,880 of them. At least until Sunday.

[60] How Many Books Are In The World?

[61] "Incunabula Short Title Catalogue". 2013-05-21. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2013-05-21. The database records nearly every item printed from movable type before 1501, but not material printed entirely from woodblocks or engraved plates. 29,777 editions are listed as at January 8th 2008, including some 16th-century items previously assigned incorrectly to the 15th century.

[62] Universal Short Title Catalogue

[chinaorgcnmassmedia-63] 58.0 ^58.1 China.org.cn - Mass Media (Template:Webarchive)

[Discogs_releases-64] "Discogs - search". Discogs (Q504063). Retrieved 4 November 2015.

[newusalbums-65] Business Matters: 75,000 Albums Released In U.S. In 2010 -- Down 22% From 2009

[66] There Are 97,000,000 Songs In This World...Template:Dead link

[BBC_your_paintings-67] "BBC - Your Paintings". BBC Online (Q747860). BBC (Q9531). Retrieved 4 November 2015.

[68] "United Nations Member States".

[69] "Caves of the world". 2013-05-26. Archived from the original on 2013-05-26. Retrieved 2013-05-26. Number of caves = 2424; Caves deeper than 300m = 1075; Caves longer than 3kms = 1628

[70] "Kyrgyzstan Glaciers". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Glaciers, (8000 of them – one source says 8208), and permanent snow cover some 8100 square kilometers - about 30% of the total land area of the Kyrgyz Republic. The glaciers themselves cover about 4% of the surface area of the country.

[71] "How many Alaska glaciers? No easy answer". Archived from the original on 2014-07-27. Retrieved 2014-07-27. Not long ago, a glaciologist wrote that the number of glaciers in Alaska "is estimated at (greater than) 100,000." That fuzzy number, perhaps written in passive voice for a reason, might be correct. But it depends upon how you count.

[72] "Alaska's Glaciers". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. 745 Feature records have been selected from GNIS.

[73] sland (Q23442)

[74] "Which country has the most lakes?".

[belaruswater-75] "Belarus Overview". Archived from the original on 2013-08-08. There are more than 20,000 rivers and creeks and about 11,000 lakes in Belarus.

[76] "The Atlas of Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-04-15. 31,752+larger than 3 km² (2-3 million in total)

[77] "Lakes in Finland". Archived from the original on 2013-05-17. There are 187,888 lakes in Finland. Lake is here defined as a body of standing water larger than 5 ares (500 m2). 56,000 over 10,000 m²

[78] Data available for 150,000, only 75,000 with name, 57,000 in sv:Kategori:Listor över Sveriges insjöar

[79] "Mountains Mount". 2012-05-30. Archived from the original on 2012-05-30. Retrieved 2013-05-26.

[80] "Cartographic river drainage databases". Archived from the original on 2013-05-18.

[81] "More than half of Europe's rivers fail ecological targets, report finds".

[82] According to unknown sources there are 8,188 rivers less than 25 km, only 24 rivers over 100 km.

[83] "National Aquaculture Sector Overview - Brazil".

[84] "China - Geography and population". FAO.

[85] "28,000 Rivers Disappeared in China: What Happened?".

[86] "El Salvador - Physical Features".

[87] "HYDRO ENERGY".

[88] "Hydropower, indigenous peoples' rights and popular resistance in Guatemala" (PDF).Template:Dead link

[89] "Water and hydropower Resources of the Kyrgyz Republic".

[90] "Воды". Archived from the original on 2013-05-18. 2,044 over 10 km

[91] "Nepal River Conservation Trust". Archived from the original on 2012-03-05. The latest data shows that Nepal has got over 6000 rivers and streams which have got hydropower potential.

[92] "Panama - Geography". Nearly 500 rivers lace Panama's rugged landscape. Mostly unnavigable, many originate as swift highland streams, meander in valleys, and form coastal deltas.

[93] "Inland fisheries of Europe". In addition to the dominating Danube, Romania has over 4,000 rivers having watersheds larger than 10 km2 and a total length exceeding 60,000 km.

[94] "Russia:: Rivers and Lakes". Among its 100,000 rivers, Russia contains some of the world's longest. Four of the country's five longest rivers—the Ob-Irtysh, Amur, Lena, and Yenisey—are in Siberia.

[95] "Russia - Water report". Archived from the original on 2013-11-07. There are 120,000 rivers over 10 km long. Their total length within the Russian Federation equals 2.3 million km

[96] "Spain - Rivers". Of the roughly 1,800 rivers and streams in Spain, only the Tagus is more than 960 kilometers long; all but 90 extend less than 96 kilometers.

[97] "FAO Fishery Country Profile - UKRAINE". Ukraine has about 71,000 rivers, with a total length of 248,000 km. Among them, 3,212 rivers have a length of more than 10 km and total 73,700 km in length.

[98] "River Facts". Archived from the original on 2011-08-07.)

[99] "Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Rivers". 2,000,000+ including small streams

[100] "Venezuela - Rivers". The Orinoco is by far the most important of the more than 1,000 rivers in the country.

[101] "How many volcanoes are there in the world?". Archived from the original on 2012-05-25.

[102] "Censo-Guía de Archivos de España e Iberoamérica". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.

[ukglam-103] 98.0 ^98.1 ^98.2 "Libraries, Archives, Museums and Publishing Online Statistics Tables". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.

[104] "OCLC President's Report". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-08-07.

[105] "Burundi - Libraries and museums". There are 60 public libraries in Burundi, with the largest in and around the capital. Libraries in Bujumbura include the Public Library, which has 27,000 volumes; the library of the University of Burundi, with 192,000 volumes; and a specialized collection at the Department of Geology and Mines. The French Cultural Center in Bujumbura holds 33,000 volumes.

[106] "How many libraries are in Canada?". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.

[107] "Croatia - Libraries and museums". In 1995, the country reported having 232 public libraries with a combined collection of 4.6 million volumes.

[108] "Cuba cuenta con más de 400 bibliotecas públicas en todo el territorio nacional, incluidas las situadas en las montañas".

[109] "Czech Republic - Libraries and museums". In 1997, the Czech Republic had 6,245 public libraries with 53.7 million volumes and 1.4 million registered users.

[110] "Denmark - Libraries and museums". As of 2002, there were 250 free public libraries throughout the country with 892 points of service. That year, the public libraries had a total of more than 31.4 million volumes.

[111] "Finland - Libraries and museums". There are about 400 research and university libraries in Finland, most of which are small. In 1997 there were 436 central public libraries and 1,202 branch libraries.

[finlandcordis-112] 107.0 ^107.1 "Report on the situation of libraries, museums and archive". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. In Finland there were 439 public libraries having 1006 branches and 370 research libraries with 465 branches in 1996. The total number of library units was 1471. The total number of museums in Finland is 280, of which 139 are cultural history museums, 71 special museums, 55 art museums and 17 natural history museums.

[francenations-113] 108.0 ^108.1 "France - Libraries and museums". In 1997 there were 1,620 central public libraries with a combined total of more than 89.8 million volumes. There are more than 1,000 museums in France.

[114] "FYI France".

[germanynations-115] 110.0 ^110.1 "Germany - Libraries and museums". As of 1997, Germany had 6,313 public libraries with 149 million volumes in total. Germany has more than 4,500 state, municipal, association, private, residential, castle, palace, and church and cathedral treasures museums, which annually attract over 100 million visitors.

[116] "Greece - Libraries and museums". In 1997, there were 672 public libraries with a total of 9.1 million volumes

[hungarynations-117] 112.0 ^112.1 "Hungary - Libraries and museums". As of 1997, there were 3,518 regional public libraries located throughout the country. There were over 500 museums (about 70 in Budapest) and many zoological and botanical gardens.

[icelandnations-118] 113.0 ^113.1 "Iceland - Libraries and museums". There were a total of 187 public libraries with combined holdings of 1.9 million volumes in 1997. Iceland has more than 50 museums.

[119] "Latvia - Libraries and museums". In 1997, the country counted 998 public libraries housing 14.9 million volumes.

[120] "Lithuania - Libraries and museums". In 1997, there were 1,478 public libraries in the country.

[morocconations-121] 116.0 ^116.1 "Morocco - Libraries and museums". Of the 18 public libraries in Morocco, the largest is in Casablanca, with almost 360,000 volumes.

[122] "Netherlands - Libraries and museums". In 1997 there were 579 main public libraries with a combined collection of 41.5 million books.

[123] "Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (DPRK) - Libraries and museums". The DPRK has more than 200 public libraries, the largest being the Grand People's Study House in P'yongyang, with 20 million volumes.

[124] "Norway - Libraries and museums". Norway's 1,108 public libraries had 20.5 million volumes in 1997.

[125] "Panama - Libraries and museums". There are more than 40 other public libraries and branches.

[perunations-126] 121.0 ^121.1 "Peru - Libraries and museums". There are nearly 200 public libraries in Peru, the largest of them in Callao, Arequipa, and Lima. More than 250 public and private museums.

[polandnations-127] 122.0 ^122.1 "Poland - Libraries and museums". In 1997 there were 9,230 public libraries, jointly holding almost 135 million volumes. Of the more than 500 museums in Poland...

[portugalnations-128] 123.0 ^123.1 "Portugal - Libraries and museums". In 1997 the country had 168 public libraries with 4.8 million volumes. There are some 300 museums in Portugal.

[romanianations-129] 124.0 ^124.1 "Romania - Libraries and museums". In 1997, the country had over 2,950 public libraries holding a total collection of 50.5 million volumes. Romania has some 400 museums.

[russianations-130] 125.0 ^125.1 "Russia - Libraries and museums". In 1995, the country counted 50,032 public libraries, holding in total 983.4 million volumes. Russia has over 1,000 museums.

[swedennations-131] 126.0 ^126.1 "Sweden - Libraries and museums". In 1997, Sweden had 324 public libraries. Sweden has about 200 museums.

[132] "Tanzania - Libraries and museums". The Tanzania Library Service was established in 1964. It maintains the National Central Library in Dar es Salaam (656,000 volumes), 16 public libraries, school library service, and a rural extension service.

[133] "Tunisia - Libraries and museums". The collections of Tunisia's approximately 250 public libraries hold over 2.7 million volumes.

[134] "Ukraine - Libraries and museums". In 1995, there were reported to be 21,857 public libraries operating in Ukraine with an overall stock of 336.7 million books.

[135] "Library Copyright Alliance". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-23.

[136] "Zimbabwe - Libraries and museums". There were more than 150,000 registered public library users using 76 public libraries holding 1.1 million volumes in 1989. In 1990, 100,000 people visited Zimbabwe's 11 museums.

[137] Books, manuscripts, journals, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, videos, play-scripts, patents, databases, maps, stamps, prints, drawings. 14 million are books, 3 million recordings. See also British Library Sound Archive (Q4970294).

[138] "About the Smithsonian". Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.

[139] "Carl Malamud Answers: Goading the Government To Make Public Data Public". Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.

[140] "Frequently Asked Questions". The World Museum Community. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07.

[141] "The Cost of Digitising Europe's Cultural Heritage". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-09. There are approximately 17,673 museums in Europe, based on figures submitted between 2003 and 2008

[142] "Arts and Culture in Australia: A Statistical Overview, 2010". According to Museums, Australia, 2007-08 (cat. no. 8560.0) there were 1,019 museums operating from 1,276 locations in Australia at the end of June 2008. These locations included 768 social history museums, 425 historic properties and sites, and 83 other museums.

[143] "Interesting Facts About Canadian Museums". Canada has more than 2,400 museums, which have more than 24,000 paid employees and 55,000 volunteers, and receive nearly 54 million visits annually.

[144] "Museums in Germany – where history and culture are brought to life". Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. The 4,000 or so museums in Germany serve as worlds of discovery and use exciting concepts to explore art and history, technology and architecture, literature and the natural world.

[145] "How many museums in Pakistan?".

[146] "Visit museums in Spain".

[147] "Frequently asked questions". Museums Association. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. It is estimated that there are about 2,500 museums in the UK, depending on what you include. Over 1,800 museums have been accredited by the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA).

[148] "How many museums are there in the United States?". American Association of Museums. Archived from the original on 2012-07-10.

[149] "Atlas database". Louvre museum. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.

[numberofgalaxies-150] 145.0 ^145.1 Astronomers were wrong about the number of galaxies in universe

[numberofgalaxies2-151] 146.0 ^146.1 How many galaxies are in the Universe? A lot more than you'd think

[gaia-152] 147.0 ^147.1 Gaia Archive

[153] How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?

[Book-Biology-154] Kunin, W.E.; Gaston, Kevin, eds. (31 December 1996). The Biology of Rarity: Causes and consequences of rare—common differences. ISBN 978-0412633805. Retrieved 26 May 2015.

[StearnsStearns2000-155] Stearns, Beverly Peterson; Stearns, S. C.; Stearns, Stephen C. (2000). Watching, from the Edge of Extinction. Yale University Press (Q255147). p. preface x. ISBN 978-0-300-08469-6. Retrieved 30 May 2017.

[NYT-20141108-MJN-156] Template:Cite news

[Newman-157] Newman, Mark. A model of mass extinction. 1997. Journal of Theoretical Biology 189: 235–252

[158] "CAS REGISTRY Keeps Pace with Rapid Growth of Chemical Research, Registers 60 Millionth Substance".

[159] Measuring Diagnoses: ICD Code Accuracy

[160] "How many drug targets are there?". 1,357 unique drugs: 1,204 are 'small-molecule drugs' and 166 are 'biological' drugs

[161] Approximate number of entries in the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences

[162] Biographies by gender in Wikidata

[worldometers-163] "Worldometers - real time world statistics".

[164] How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth? (Template:Webarchive)

[165] Occupations in Wikidata

[166] "India: More NGOs, than schools and health centres". OneWorld.net. July 7, 2010. Retrieved 2011-10-07.

[167] Template:Cite news

[168] Template:Cite news

[169] Fact Sheet: Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the United States

[170] "Adherents.com". 2013-05-23. Archived from the original on 2013-05-24. Retrieved 2013-05-24. Adherents.com is a growing collection of over 43,870 adherent statistics and religious geography citations: references to published membership/adherent statistics and congregation statistics for over 4,200 religions, churches, denominations, religious bodies, faith groups, tribes, cultures, movements, ultimate concerns, etc.

[171] In 2005, it received 427,078 patent applications, 11,386 utility model applications, 39,254 design applications, and 125,807 trademark applications; it registered 122,944 patents, 10,573 utility model rights, 32,633 design rights, and 97,939 trademark rights in the same year.

[25Billion-172] "App Store's 25 Billionth Download Comes From China with 'Where's My Water? Free'". MacRumors. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.

[Google_Play_About_To_Pass_15_Billion_App_Downloads-173] "Google Play About To Pass 15 Billion App Downloads? Pssht! It Did That Weeks Ago". TechCrunch (Q1022366). 7 May 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 22 May 2012.

[174] Darren Pauli, Viruses Expected to Hit 1 Million This Year, Computerworld-Australia, Apr 6, 2008. (Template:Webarchive)

[175] Total Number of Airports by Country on ChartsBin (2010 data)

[176] "The World Factbook — COUNTRY COMPARISON :: ROADWAYS". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-08-23. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)

[177] SIC 1622: BRIDGE, TUNNEL, AND ELEVATED HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION - Of the more than 600,000 bridges in the United States, 45 percent are under the financial jurisdiction of state governments, and 38 percent are controlled by county authorities.

[178] IMDB stats

[179] SIMBAD

[180] Brake, Mark (2013). Alien Life Imagined: Communicating the Science and Culture of Astrobiology (illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-521-49129-7.

[181] Atoms in the Universe

[182] "51st Known Mersenne Prime Discovered".

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