Corprate Governencesumith, 241
Corprate Governencesumith, 241
Corprate Governencesumith, 241
Corporate governance is "the system by which companies are directed and controlled" (Cadbury Committee, 1992).
shareholders and other stakeholders; it deals with prevention or mitigation of the conflict of interests of stakeholders.
of interests include the processes, customs, policies, laws, and institutions which have impact on the way a company is controlled.
Corporate governance also includes the
relationships among the many stakeholders (external & internal) involved and the goals for which the corporation is governed.
holders, trade creditors, suppliers, customers and communities affected by the corporation's activities.
Internal stakeholders are the board of
directors, executives, and other employees. It guarantees that an enterprise is directed and controlled in a responsible, professional, and transparent manner with the purpose of safeguarding its long-term success. It is intended to increase the confidence of shareholders and capital-market investors
governance practices of modern corporations since 2001, particularly due to the high-profile collapses of a number of large corporations, most of which involved accounting fraud.
shareholders: Organizations should respect the rights of shareholders and help shareholders to exercise those rights. They can help shareholders exercise their rights by openly and effectively communicating information and by encouraging shareholders to participate in general meetings.
Interests of other stake holders: Organizations
should recognize that they have legal, contractual, social, and market driven obligations to nonshareholder stakeholders, including employees, investors, creditors, suppliers, local communities, customers, and policy makers.
corporate officers and board members. Organizations should develop a code of conduct for their directors and executives that promotes ethical and responsible decision making.
roles and responsibilities of board and management to provide stakeholders with a level of accountability. They should also implement procedures to independently verify and safeguard the integrity of the company's financial reporting. Disclosure of material matters concerning the organization should be timely and balanced to ensure that all investors have access to clear, factual information.
needs sufficient relevant skills and understanding to review and challenge management performance. It also needs adequate size and appropriate levels of independence and commitment
defines corporate governance as the "acceptance by management of the rights of shareholders as the true owners of the corporation and of their own role as trustees on behalf of the shareholders. It is about commitment to values, about ethical business conduct and about making a distinction between personal & corporate funds in the management of a company."
Cont
It has been suggested that the Indian approach is
drawn from the Gandhian principle of trusteeship and the Directive Principles of the Indian Constitution, but this conceptualization of corporate objectives is also prevalent in Anglo-American and most other jurisdictions.