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    Passive Voice

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    adara17
    This document discusses the formation of passive voice across different English tenses. It explains how the passive is formed by using some form of "be" plus the past participle of the main verb, followed optionally by "by" and the agent. Examples are provided to illustrate how to transform sentences from active to passive voice in the simple present, present perfect, past, and other tenses. Various combinations involving infinitives, gerunds, and modal verbs in passive voice are also covered.

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    Passive Voice

    Uploaded by

    adara17
    135 views24 pages
    This document discusses the formation of passive voice across different English tenses. It explains how the passive is formed by using some form of "be" plus the past participle of the main verb, followed optionally by "by" and the agent. Examples are provided to illustrate how to transform sentences from active to passive voice in the simple present, present perfect, past, and other tenses. Various combinations involving infinitives, gerunds, and modal verbs in passive voice are also covered.

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    This document discusses the formation of passive voice across different English tenses. It explains how the passive is formed by using some form of "be" plus the past participle of the main verb, followed optionally by "by" and the agent. Examples are provided to illustrate how to transform sentences from active to passive voice in the simple present, present perfect, past, and other tenses. Various combinations involving infinitives, gerunds, and modal verbs in passive voice are also covered.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    135 views24 pages

    Passive Voice

    Uploaded by

    adara17
    This document discusses the formation of passive voice across different English tenses. It explains how the passive is formed by using some form of "be" plus the past participle of the main verb, followed optionally by "by" and the agent. Examples are provided to illustrate how to transform sentences from active to passive voice in the simple present, present perfect, past, and other tenses. Various combinations involving infinitives, gerunds, and modal verbs in passive voice are also covered.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    PASSIVE VOICE

    Active: S+V+O

    Passive: S + Be + PP(V3ed) + by +O (tense) EX: My father planted this tree last year. This tree was planted by my

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE


    The Simple Present Tense Active: S + V(s/es) + O

    Passive: S + am/is/are + PP + by + O EX: He reads books every day.


    Books are read (by him) every

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE

    The Present Continuous Tense

    Active: S + am/is/are + V-ing + O Passive: S + am/is/are + being +PP + by + O

    EX: He is writing a novel at the moment.

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE

    The Present Perfect Tense

    Active: S + Has/Have + V3ed + O Passive: S + has/have + been +PP + by + O

    EX: He has just finished a novel. A novel has just been finished (by him).

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE

    The Simple Past Tense

    Active: S + V2ed + O Passive: S + was/were + PP + by + O

    EX: He gave Tom a book. A book was given to Tom (by him).

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE


    The Past Continuous Tense Active: S + was/were + V-ing + O

    Passive: S + was/were + being + PP + by + O

    EX: He was writing a letter at 8.00 yesterday. A letter was being written (by him).

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE

    The Past Perfect Tense

    Active: S + had + V3ed + O Passive: S + had + been + PP + by + O


    EX: He had finished his homework before 8.00 yesterday. His homework had been finished (by him) before 8.00 yesterday.

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE

    The Simple Future Tense

    Active: S + will/shall + V + O Passive: S + will/shall + be + PP + by + O

    EX: He will finish the homework. The homework will be finished.

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE

    The Future Continuous Tense

    Active: S + will/shall + be + V-ing + O Passive: S + will/shall + be + being + PP + by + O

    EX: Tom will be cooking lunch at 10.00 tomorrow. Lunch will be being cooked by Tom at 10.00 tomorrow.

    TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE

    The Future Perfect Tense


    O

    Active: S + will/shall + have + V3ed +

    Passive: S + will/shall + have + been + PP + by + O

    EX: By the end of next week, he will

    have written 10 letters to her. By the end of next week, 10 letters will have been written to

    Modal Verbs can be used in either the present or past forms. Active: S + MV (not) + V + O

    MODAL VERBS (MV) IN PASSIVE VOICE

    Passive: S + MV (not) + Be + PP + by +O EX: We cant solve this problem.

    This problem cant be solved.

    PASSIVE VOICE WITH CAUSATIVE FORM


    Active: S + Has/Have + O1 + V (BI)+ O2 S + Get + O1 + V (toinfinitive) + O2 Passive: S + Has/Have/Get + O2 + PP EX: My father had Tom wash his

    OTHER INFINITIVE COMBINATIONS IN PASSIVE VOICE


    Verbs of liking/loving/wanting/wishing + Object + infinitive form their passive with the passive infinitive. Active: S + V + O1 + to-infinitive + O2 Passive: S + V + O + To Be + PP EX: He wants someone to take photographs. He wants photographs to be

    Such verbs as have/let/make/hear/see/watch/feel/ observe are used in the following passive structure:

    Active: S + V + O + V (BI) Passive: S + To Be + PP + toInfinitive EX: The gravity makes things drop
    down.
    Things are made to drop down by the gravity.

    OTHER INFINITIVE COMBINATIONS IN PASSIVE VOICE


    With advise/beg/order/recommend/urg e + Indirect Object + Infinitive + Object, we have two ways of making the passive voice. <1>Active: S + V + O1 + to-infinitive + O2 Passive: S + To Be + PP + to-

    OTHER INFINITIVE COMBINATIONS IN PASSIVE VOICE


    With advise/beg/order/recommend/urg e + Indirect Object + infinitive + Object, we have two ways of making the passive voice. <2>Active: S + V + O1 + to-infinitive + O2 Passive: S1 + V + that + S2 +

    OTHER INFINITIVE COMBINATIONS AFTER THE PASSIVE VERB


    After acknowledge/assume/believe/cl aim/ consider /estimate/feel/find/know/report/ say/think /understand , we use the infinitive construction. Simple Infinitive: if the time in the infinitive passive is the same as

    <1>Active: S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + (O) Passive: It + To Be + PP + that + S2 + V2 + (O) EX: People said that he was jealous of her. It was said that he was jealous of her.

    <2>Active: S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + (O) Passive: S+ To Be + PP + to + V+ (O) EX: People said that he was jealous of her. He was said to be jealous of her.

    Perfect Infinitive: if the time in the

    infinitive passive is earlier than that of the main active verb. <1>Active: S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + (O)

    Passive: It + To Be + PP + that + S2 + V2 + (O) EX: People say that he was jealous of her.

    <2>Active: S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + (O) Passive: S+ To Be + PP + to have + PP + (O) EX: People say that he was jealous of her. He is said to have been jealous of her.

    OTHER GERUND COMBINATIONS IN PASSIVE VOICE


    With advise/insist/propose/recommend /suggest + Gerund + Object Active: S + V + V-ing + O Passive: S + V + that + S + should be + PP EX: He recommended using bulletproof glass.

    OTHER GERUND COMBINATIONS IN PASSIVE VOICE


    Active: S + V + O + V-ing Passive: S + V + Being + PP + by + O EX: I remembered my father taking me to the zoo. I remember being taken to the zoo by my father.

    Active: S + V + To-inf + O Passive: S + V + To Be + PP + by + O EX: She started to learn English 5 years ago. English started to be learnt 5 years ago. Active: S + V + V-ing + O Passive: S + V + Being + PP + by +

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