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    Cam Therapies, Vitamins, Otc Student

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    Lynn Earnest
    This document provides an overview of over-the-counter medications, herbal and dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals, and enteral and parenteral drug administration. It discusses common OTC medications and issues with alternative treatments. It also reviews herbal supplements like St. John's Wort and potential drug interactions. Guidelines are provided for proper administration of enteral and parenteral drugs and solutions. Potential adverse effects and monitoring of parenteral nutrition are also summarized.

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    Cam Therapies, Vitamins, Otc Student

    Uploaded by

    Lynn Earnest
    57 views30 pages
    This document provides an overview of over-the-counter medications, herbal and dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals, and enteral and parenteral drug administration. It discusses common OTC medications and issues with alternative treatments. It also reviews herbal supplements like St. John's Wort and potential drug interactions. Guidelines are provided for proper administration of enteral and parenteral drugs and solutions. Potential adverse effects and monitoring of parenteral nutrition are also summarized.

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    This document provides an overview of over-the-counter medications, herbal and dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals, and enteral and parenteral drug administration. It discusses common OTC medications and issues with alternative treatments. It also reviews herbal supplements like St. John's Wort and potential drug interactions. Guidelines are provided for proper administration of enteral and parenteral drugs and solutions. Potential adverse effects and monitoring of parenteral nutrition are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    57 views30 pages

    Cam Therapies, Vitamins, Otc Student

    Uploaded by

    Lynn Earnest
    This document provides an overview of over-the-counter medications, herbal and dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals, and enteral and parenteral drug administration. It discusses common OTC medications and issues with alternative treatments. It also reviews herbal supplements like St. John's Wort and potential drug interactions. Guidelines are provided for proper administration of enteral and parenteral drugs and solutions. Potential adverse effects and monitoring of parenteral nutrition are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    OTC MEDS, Herbal & Dietary Supplements, VITAMINS and MINERALS, ENTERAL and PARENTERAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION

    NURS 2411 Elizabeth Pratt, MSN, RNC 2010


    1

    Over the Counter (OTC) Meds


    _____ of all medications used in the US Only _____ of the population will consult an MD before using Short-term use only Increases out of pocket expenses
    Insurance carriers dont cover the cost if no prescription required .
    2

    Problems with OTC and Alternative Treatments


    Mask the signs and symptoms of Interact with prescription drugs . Taken in greater than recommended dose -> Surgery clients should stop taking all herbal supplements 2-3 weeks prior to
    If not, bring herbal container for anesthesiologist

    Alternative Therapy Drawbacks


    Active ingredient not tested by the

    Incidental ingredients are unknown


    Patients do not always mention these therapies to their health care providers Prescription drug + alternative therapy =

    Controls for Alternative Therapy


    Herbal medications and alternative therapies are not controlled or tested by the FDA
    .

    Advertisement is not restricted because they are considered dietary supplements

    Off-Label Medications
    Definition

    The use of a drug for an indication that is not approved by the Occurrence
    Commonly takes place in groups of patients for whom there is little premarketing testing Used with
    6

    HERBAL SUPPLEMENTS
    Come from leaves, bark, berries, roots, gums, seeds, stems and flowers of plants Breastfeeding increase supply of milk by using
    Blessed Thistle Fennel Nettle Leaf

    ST JOHNS WORT
    Not FDA approved Used to help with depressed moods
    Anxiety and/or sleep disorders too

    Interacts with anticoagulants and digoxin May make Affects other antidepressants Increases sensitivity to
    8

    Garlic
    interferes with hypoglycemia therapy

    Cranberry
    decreases renal elimination of drugs

    Chamomile
    increases risk for bleeding w/ other anticoagulants

    BUT I DONT LIKE PILLS

    FOODS HAVE VITAMINS!

    Carrot - Enhances blood flow to and function of the eyes.

    Tomato - antioxidants to benefit heart and fight against certain types of cancers.

    Grapes - help heart and blood

    Walnut - looks like a little brain; helps develop neuron-transmitters for brain function.

    Kidney Beans Heal and help maintain kidney function.

    Celery, Bok Choy, Rhubarb contain 23% sodium as do bones; these foods replenish the skeletal needs of the body specifically targeting bone strength

    Avocadoes, Eggplant and Pears - target the health and function of the womb and cervix of the female. Woman eating one avocado a week balances hormones sheds unwanted birth weight prevents cervical cancers

    Sweet Potatoes - Balances the glycemic index of diabetics.

    Figs -Increase the mobility of male sperm and the numbers of sperm to overcome male sterility.

    Olives Assist the health and function of the ovaries.

    Oranges, Grapefruits, and other Citrus fruits - Assist the health of the breasts

    Onions and Garlic - clear waste materials from bodys cells and produce tears.

    Vitamins Uses
    Treat vitamin deficiency Dietary supplements Specific therapy

    Most common adverse effect


    GI upset

    Assess patients general condition

    Vitamin Patient Teaching


    Avoid OTC preparations that contain the same vitamins Notify MD if unable to tolerate vitamins due to GI upset Teach patient which medications cannot be taken at the same time with a specific vitamin Recommend dose to be takenotherwise client might guess

    17

    VITAMIN INTERACTIONS
    E & K CF patients check with MD prior to use
    Antacids reduce absorption of vitamin

    B12, B6, & C


    Tobacco and alcohol reduce vitamin absorption B6 with oral contraceptives = depression ? PMS

    Iron
    Alcohol increases iron use Full glass H20 to prevent constipation

    C - use cautiously if prone to kidney stones

    MEGADOSING
    Used for Health promotion/maintenance
    Patients with cystic fibrosis

    Treating various illnesses


    Cancer patients

    A drug
    B3 in large doses decreases triglycerides

    Risk toxic accumulation


    19

    ENTERAL DRUGS
    Oral
    Sublingual Buccal Liquid Capsules/Tablets Nasogastric or Gastrostomy Tube Rectal

    Give on empty or full stomach?


    20

    So before you give


    Special assessments
    i.e. Lanoxin take 1 minute apical pulse prior to admin.

    Swallowing difficulties
    Crush one tablet at a time (if it can be)
    Exception: Enteric , sustained-release, or long-acting drugs

    Mix in small amount soft food (if not NPO) Clean the crushing device Proper position

    Excess liquid in cup do not pour back in medication bottle


    21

    Use calibrated oral syringe for liquid medications Med through tube confirm correct patient position and verify tube placement
    If med to be given on empty stomach stop tube feeding for usually 30 minutes prior to administration Amount of fluid for flushing.30 mL

    Rectal Meds
    Contraindications: rectal bleeding/diarrhea Dont divide dose Left side with privacy/lubrication Pt. can request self-administration (remind patients to remove the wrapper)

    22

    Parenteral Agents
    Purposes: - provide replacement fluids, sugars, electrolytes, and nutrients to patients unable to take them orally - provide ready access for administration of drugs in an emergency situation - provide rehydration - restore electrolyte balance ***Remember*** Prior to diluting any drug solution, check drug guide for compatibility to avoid precipitation or inactivation of drug.

    PN contraindications
    Patient with known allergies to any of the components

    PN cautions
    Patients w/ unstable cardiovascular status
    May cause cardiac overload

    Patients w/ unstable fluid and electrolyte status


    Negative reaction to sudden changes

    SOLUTIONS
    Dextrose
    provides calories and fluids

    Saline
    hydration 0.9% NS to prime blood tubing and dilute medications

    Parenteral Nutrition

    Use Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) to Administer


    Essential proteins Amino acids Carbohydrates Vitamins and Minerals Trace elements Lipids Fluids

    PN Adverse Effects
    IV site irritation or infection Extravasation of fluid in to the tissues Fluid volume overload and vascular problems Electrolyte imbalances Protein aggregation
    Pneumothorax, air emboli

    Nausea Gallstone development

    PN IMPLEMENTATION
    Monitor IV or central line
    d/c site if signs/symptoms of infection or extravasation occur

    TPN Administration guidelines:


    Solutions in fridge till ready to use Check for precipitates prior to using Change bag after Use filters

    PN Assessment/Evaluation
    Insertion site Skin hydration Orientation and Affect Height and Weight Pulse, BP, Respirations CBC w/ diff Glucose levels

    PN ADMINISTRATION
    Comfort Measures
    Tubing under pillow to decrease

    Teaching Plan
    what to expect adverse effects follow-up tests required notify MD.

    D/C PN only after alternate source of nutrition has been established.

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