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    Momentum

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    tomadrenovac
    This document discusses momentum and impulse, including: - Defining momentum as the product of mass and velocity - Defining impulse as the change in momentum due to a force over time - The law of conservation of momentum, which states that the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant - Examples of applying these concepts to collisions between objects, explosions, and both elastic and inelastic collisions. It also discusses momentum and impulse in two dimensions and the concept of angular momentum.

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    Momentum

    Uploaded by

    tomadrenovac
    175 views17 pages
    This document discusses momentum and impulse, including: - Defining momentum as the product of mass and velocity - Defining impulse as the change in momentum due to a force over time - The law of conservation of momentum, which states that the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant - Examples of applying these concepts to collisions between objects, explosions, and both elastic and inelastic collisions. It also discusses momentum and impulse in two dimensions and the concept of angular momentum.

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    This document discusses momentum and impulse, including: - Defining momentum as the product of mass and velocity - Defining impulse as the change in momentum due to a force over time - The law of conservation of momentum, which states that the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant - Examples of applying these concepts to collisions between objects, explosions, and both elastic and inelastic collisions. It also discusses momentum and impulse in two dimensions and the concept of angular momentum.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    175 views17 pages

    Momentum

    Uploaded by

    tomadrenovac
    This document discusses momentum and impulse, including: - Defining momentum as the product of mass and velocity - Defining impulse as the change in momentum due to a force over time - The law of conservation of momentum, which states that the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant - Examples of applying these concepts to collisions between objects, explosions, and both elastic and inelastic collisions. It also discusses momentum and impulse in two dimensions and the concept of angular momentum.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 17
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are the concepts of momentum, impulse, conservation of momentum, different types of collisions such as elastic, inelastic and perfectly inelastic collisions.

    The different types of collisions discussed are elastic collisions, inelastic collisions and perfectly inelastic collisions. Elastic collisions conserve both kinetic energy and momentum, inelastic collisions conserve momentum but not kinetic energy, and perfectly inelastic collisions result in the objects sticking together with a common final velocity.

    Angular momentum is defined as L = rmv, where r is the distance from the axis of rotation, m is the mass of the object, and v is the linear velocity of the object. It is a measure of the rotation of a body.

    Impulse and Momentum

    9.1 Momentum and Impulse 9.2 Solving impulse and momentum problems 9.3 Conservation of momentum 9.4 Explosions 9.5 Inelastic Collisions 9.6 Momentum in two Dimension 9.7 Angular Momentum

    Collision

    The rapidly changing magnitude Of the force during collision

    Stop to think 9.1 Stop to think 9.2 Stop to think 9.3 Stop to think 9.4 Stop to think 9.5 Example 9.1 Example 9.3 Example 9.4 Example 9.6 Example 9.9

    P244 P247 P253 P255 P257 P245 P250 P251 P254 P259

    Momentum
    Fx(t) = max(t)= m(dVx)/dt

    d (mVx) Fxdt
    We define: Momentum = p mV Momentum is a vector Its x-component and y-component are

    px mVx py mVy

    Impulse
    From above:

    px pfx pix Fx(t )dt


    ti

    tf

    Impulse is equal to momentum change We define: Impulse

    Jx Fx(t )dt
    ti

    tf

    Quick think
    What is the carts change of momentum ?

    30kgm/s

    Ex.9.1
    px Jx 0.15kg (40 20)m / s
    3000N

    Momentum Bar Charts


    From

    px Jx pfx pix Jx

    Conservation of Momentum
    d ( px )1 ( Fx ) 2 on 1 dt

    d ( px)2 ( Fx)1 on 2 ( Fx)2 on 1 dt

    d [( px)1 ( px)2] 0 dt

    The sum of the momentum does not chang

    Ie. The sum of the momentum after the T Collision equals the sum of the momentum Before the collision.

    Law of conservation of momentum


    The total momentum of an isolated system is a constant. Interactions within the system do not change the system momentum.

    m1(Vfx )1 m 2(Vfx ) 2 ....... m1(Vix )1 m 2(Vix ) 2 .......

    Objects A and C are made of different materials, with different springiness, but they have the same mass and initially at rest. When ball B collides with object A, the ball ends up at rest. When B is thrown with the same speed and collides with object C, the ball rebounds to the left. Compare the velocities of A and C after the collisions. Is Va Greater than, equal to, or less than Vc.

    mBVB 0 0 mAVA

    mBVB 0 mBV B mCVC


    '

    Explosions
    An explosion, where the particles of the system move apart from each other after a intense interaction. Ex. Recoil. A rifle firing a bullet Before: the total momentum is zero After: The total momentum is

    mBVxB mRVxR
    From

    mB mBVxB mRVxR 0 VxR VxB mR

    Inelastic Collision
    If, after collision, the energy does not conserve, this kind of collision is called as Inelastic collision. Perfectly inelastic collision: A collision in which the two objects stick together and move with a common final velocity. Ex. Bullet embedding itself in the wood. The law of conservation of momentum for perfectly inelastic collision

    m1(Vix)1 m2(Vix)2 (m1 m2)Vfx

    Ex. 9.8 Momentum in a car cracsh

    (1) Find the deceleration from V1x to stop (2) Find the velocity V1x, using kinematics equation, this is the velocity after collision. (3) Find velocity of Volkswagen before collision using the law of momentum conservation

    Momentum in Two Dimensions


    Momentum conservation involve motion in a plane Each component of momentum is conserved

    ( Pfx)1 ( Pfx)2 ( Pfx)3 ..... ( Pix)1 ( Pix) 2 ( Pix)3 ...


    ( Pfy )1 ( Pfy)2 ( Pfy)3 ..... ( Piy)1 ( Piy) 2 ( Piy)3 .....

    Momentum in a 2D car crash

    Angular momentum Angular momentum is defined as L = rmv Law of conservation of angular momentu The angular momentum of a particle (or system of particles) in circular motion does not change unless there is a net torque.

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