Demonstration in Teaching

LESSON
10
DEMONSTRATION
IN TEACHING
• •
• DEMONSTRATIONS AS A
TEACHING STRATEGY
• The word demonstration means to give demos

or to perform the activity or concept. In the
demonstration method, the teaching-learning
process is carried in a systematic way.
Demonstration often occurs when students
have a hard time connecting theories to actual
practice or when students are unable to
understand applications of theories
In order to make the
success of the demonstration
method, three things are
necessary.
1. The object being displayed duringthe
demonstration should not be so small.
2. During the demonstration, clear language should
be used so that pupils may understand the concept
easily.
3. The pupils should be able to question teachers in order to
remove their difficulties.
CHARACTERISTIC OF
DEMONSTRATION
METHOD
1. The demonstration should be done in a simple way.
2. In this strategy, attention is paid to all students.

3. The goals and objections of the demonstration are very
clear.
4. It is a well-planned strategy.
5. Time is given for rehearsal before the demonstration.

What guiding principles must we observe in using
demonstration as a teaching-learning experience?
Edgar Dale (1969)
1. Establish rapport. Greet your audience. Make them feel at case by
your warmth and sincerity.
2. Avoid the COIK fallacy (Clear Only If Known). What is this fallacy? It
is the assumption that what is clear to the expert demonstrator is
also clearly known to the person for whom the message is intended.
3. Watch for key points. What are key points? Dale (1996) says, "they
are the ones at which an error is likely to be made, the places at
which many people stumble and where the knacks and tricks of the
trade are especially important"..
To ensure that the demonstration works, we ought
to plan and prepare very well before we conduct
the demonstration. In planning and preparing for
demonstration, Brown (1969) suggests methodical
procedures by the following questions:
1. What are our objectives?
2. How does your class stand with respect to these objectives. This is to determine
entry knowledge and skills of your students.
3. Is there a better way to achieve your ends? If there is a more effective way to
attain your purpose, then replace the demonstration method with the more
effective one.
4. Do you have access to all the necessary materials and equipment to make the
demonstration? Have a checklist of necessary equipment and material. This may
include written materials.
5. Are you familiar with the sequence and content of the proposed
demonstration? Outline the steps and rehearse your demonstration.
6. Are the time limits realistic?
To ensure that the demonstration works, we ought to plan and
prepare very well before we conduct the demonstration. In
planning and preparing for demonstration, Brown (1969) suggests
methodical procedures by the following questions:
1. Set the tone for good communication. Get and keep your audience's interest
2. Keep your demonstration simple.
3. Do not wander from the main ideas.
4. Check to see that your demonstration is being understood Watch your audience for signs
of bewilderment, boredom or disagreement.
5. Do not hurry your demonstration. Asking questions 10 check understanding can serve as a
"brake".
6. Do not drag out the demonstration. Interesting things are never dragged out. They create
their own tempo.
7. Summarize as you go along and provide a concluding summary, Use the chalkboard, the
overhead projector, charts, diagrams, power point and whatever other materials are
appropriate to synthesize your demonstration.
8. Hand out written materials at the conclusion.
What questions can you ask to evaluate your
classroom demonstration? Dale (1969) enumerates:
• Was your demonstration adequately and skillfully prepared? Did you

select demonstrable skills or ideas?
• Were the desired behavioral outcomes clear? · Did you follow the
step-by-step plan?
• Did you make use of additional materials appropriate to your
purposes- chalkboard, felt board, pictures, charts, diagrams, models,
overhead transparencies, or slides?
• Was the demonstration itself correct?
• A good demonstration is an audio-visual presentation. It is not enough
that the teacher talks To be effective, his/her demonstration must be
accompanied by some visuals.
• To plan and prepare adequately for a demonstration, v first determine
our goals, the materials we need, our steps, and rehearse. In the actual
conduct of the demonstration itself we see to it that we
1. get and sustain the interest of our audience,
2. keep our demonstration simple, focused and clear,
3. do not hurry no drag out the demonstration,
4. check for understanding in the process of demonstration,
5. conclude with a summary, and
6. hand out written materials at the end of the demonstration
STEPS OF
DEMONSTRATION
METHOD
Six steps in the demonstration
process.
1. Planning and preparation

• Proper planning is required for a good demonstration.
These following points should be kept in mind
• Through the Preparation of Subject Matter.

• Lesson Planning
• Collection of Material Related to The Demonstration.
• Rehearsal of Demonstration.
•In order to ensure the success of the demonstration, the teacher should prepare lessons
minutely and very seriously.
Six steps in the
demonstration process
2. Introducing the Lesson
•The teacher should motivate students and prepare them mentally for the demonstration.
•The teacher should introduce the lesson to students keeping in mind the following things.
•· Individual Differences
•· Environment
•· Experiences
•· The Lesson Can Also Be Started with Some Simple and Interesting Experiments. Very
Common Event or Some Internal Story.
Six steps in the
3. Presentation of subject matter
• In the demonstration presentation of subject
matter is very important.
•The principle of reflecting thinking should be kept
in mind.
•The teacher should teach the student in such a way
that their previous knowledge can be attached to their
new knowledge.
Six steps in the
•
. 4. Demonstration
• The performance in the demonstration

table should be ideal for the student.
• The demonstration should be neat and
clean.
Six steps in the
(5) Teaching Aids
∙ The teacher can use various
teaching aids like models,
blackboards, graphs, etc. During
the demonstration
Six steps in the
6. Evaluation
•In this last step, the evaluation of the whole
demonstration should be done, so that it can
be made more effective.
•
Refine the process if the instructional objective was
attained, teacher proceeds to the next lesson going
through the same cycle once more.
• Examples of Learning Activities:

∙ Reading
∙ Writing
∙ Interviewing
∙ Reporting or doing presentation
∙ Discussing
∙ Thinking
∙ Reflecting
∙ Dramatizing
∙ VisualiziNGg
∙ Creating judging
ADVANTAGES OF DEMONSTRATION METHOD
1. It helps a student in having a deeper
understanding of the topic.
2. It helps students remain active in teaching-
learning process.
3. It leads to permanent learning.
4. It accounts for the principles of reflective thinking.
5. It helps to create interest for topics among
students.
6. It helps in arousing the spirit of discovery among
students.
7. It imparts maximum learning to students.
DISADVANTAGES OF DEMONSTRATION METHOD
•(1) Students cannot benefit from direct and personal experiences as teachers carry out
the demonstration.
• (2) It can be costly as it requires costly materials.
• (3) It can be a time-consuming method.
• (4) It is not based on learning by doing.
•(5) This method does not provide training for the scientific method.
•(6) There is a lack of experienced teachers to carry out the demonstration.

It is the most suitable method for teaching secondary classes.
If a teacher feels that the demonstration is taking much time than
he would have to take the help of students. Similarly, a
small group of students can be invited to the demonstration table.
Students can also demonstrate the experiment. This might
help in removing objection regarding the unavailability of
learning by doing approach.

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LESSON

• The word demonstration means to give demos

2. In this strategy, attention is paid to all students.

5. Time is given for rehearsal before the demonstration.

• Was your demonstration adequately and skillfully prepared? Did you

1. Planning and preparation

These following points should be kept in mind

• Through the Preparation of Subject Matter.

• The performance in the demonstration

• Examples of Learning Activities:

•(6) There is a lack of experienced teachers to carry out the demonstration.

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