INTRODUCTION-2

Introduction to Globalization
• It refers to the increasing integration of economies around

the world, particularly through the movement of goods,
services, and capital across borders. (WHO, 2020)
• Globalization is a turn to describe the changes in societies
and the world economy that are the result of dramatically
increased trade and cultural exchange. In specially
economic contexts, it refers almost exclusively to the
effects of trade particularly liberation or “Free Trade”.
Nature of Globalization
• It is a conglomerate of multiple units located in different parts of the
globe but all linked by common ownership.
• Multiple units draw on a common pool of resources such as
money,credit,information,trademarks,@control systems.
• The units respond to some common strategy.
• Product presence is in different markets of the world.
• Human resources are highly diverse.
• Transactions involving intellectual properties such as
copyrights,patents,trademark and process technologies across the globe.
Signs of Globalization
Trends associated with Globalization
• Increase in international trade at a faster rate than the

growth in the world economy.
• Increase in international flow of capital including foreign
direct investment.
• Increase in world production and output and consumption.
Anti-Globalization/Pro
Globalization
What is Anti-Globalization?
• Is a term used to describe the political stance of people and groups who
oppose certain aspects of Globalization in its current form.
• Considered by many to be a social movement ,while others consider it to
be an umbrella term that encompasses a number of separate social
movements.
What is Pro-Globalization?
• Supporters of free trade point out that economic theories that free trade
benefitting. In general, they claim that this leads to lower price, more
employment and better allocation of resources.
Advantages of Globalization
Advantages
• People can connect beyond the boarders through online communication.
• People can understand the norms of other culture.
• Through Globalization, Business can run globally and launch their
product worldwide.
• People can get social awareness about the culture conflicts around the
world.
• The possibility of war between the development countries decrease.
• It promotes world peace(By connecting people each other.
Disadvantages OF GLOBALIZATION
• Difference in perception can create conflicts.

• Widerring of gap between rich and poor countries.(Because most
of the rich countries are not communicating with the poor country
even in the era of globalization).
• It increase the level of unemployment in countries as jobs are
outsourced to other countries that play lower wages.
• As dominant cultures come to the forefront the ethical,moral and
cultural Idiosyncrasies of each country of the world are lost and
misunderstood.
Dimensions of Globalization
• Economic Globalization
• refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies through trade,
investment, technology, and the flow of capital across borders.
ex. A clothing brand in the Philippines sources its materials from China, has its
products manufactured in Vietnam, and sells to customers worldwide through online platforms. This
integration allows the brand to reduce production costs while reaching a global market,
exemplifying economic globalization.
• Political Globalization
• is the spread and influence of political ideas, institutions, and policies across
countries, often leading to global governance structures and international
cooperation.
ex. Leaders from many countries meet to discuss climate change, working together to find global
solutions.
Dimensions of Globalization
• Cultural Globalization
• refers to the blending and sharing of cultural values, ideas, and practices
across nations, often facilitated by technology, media, and tourism.
ex. People around the world enjoy American fast food chains like
McDonald's, making American food culture popular globally.
• Ideological Globalization
• the spread of ideas, beliefs, and values across different societies, often
resulting in a more homogeneous worldview on certain topics.
ex. Many countries now support the idea of gender equality, influenced by global
movements advocating equal rights for all genders
Qualities and Characteristics of
Globalization
4 Qualities of Globalization
• Create of new and the multiplication of existing social
networks that cross geographical boarders.
• Expansion and stretching of social relation(NGO’s)
• Intensification and acceleration of social exchanges and
activities (internet and jets).
• Increased consciousness of the world.
Some Characteristics of
Globalization
• Increased of exchange of goods, values ,symbols.
• New regimes or regulation (WTO,NFTA,etc).
• Worldwide growth of market oriented societies.
• Neo-liberalism as global ideology.
• Greater role for private sector.
• Changing nature of the state.
• Growing inequality.
• Collapse of time and space-speeding up of change.
• Impacts on both social and cultural homogenization and differentiation.
• The centrality of migration to global change a world slum.
• Global environment changes.

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Introduction to Globalization

• It refers to the increasing integration of economies around

• Increase in international trade at a faster rate than the

• Difference in perception can create conflicts.

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