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    Chem 109 Presentation

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    Chem 109 Presentation

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    1 views18 pages

    Chem 109 Presentation

    Uploaded by

    nobel220907

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    NUCLEAR ENERGY: DISPELLING

    MYTHS , EMBRACING FACTS


    SUBMITTED TO : MD NAZMUL ABEDIN
    KHAN
    GROUP MEMBERS

    Nobel MD.Moholile Islam


    Ahmed Khan

    Israt Jahan Naima


    Nuclear
    energy
    INTORDUCTION
    Nuclear energy is the energy in the nucleus, or core, of an atom.
    It is the energy that released during nuclear reactions. These reactions can
    occur through two main processes nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
    Nuclear fission and fusion are two fundamental processes that release
    energy from atomic nuclei, but they operate in different ways.
    NUCLEAR ENERGY AND
    ITS VARIATIONS
    Nuclear energy is a powerful form of energy
    that is released from the nucleus of atoms.
    It can be harnessed in two main ways

    Nuclear Fission

    Nuclear Fusion
    NUCLEAR
    FISSION
    • Nuclear fission occurs when the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more
    smaller nuclei,along with a few neutrons and a large amount of energy. This
    process is used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity. In a reactor, a
    neutron collides with a uranium-235 atom, causing it to split and release
    energy in the form of heat. This heat is then used to produce steam, which
    drives turbines connected to generators, producing electricity.
    NUCLEAR FUSION
    • Nuclear fusion, on the other hand, involves combining two light atomic
    nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy in the process. Fusion is
    the reaction that powers the sun and stars. On Earth,achieving the
    conditions necessary forfusion is challenging and requires the fuel (usually
    isotopes of hydrogen like deuterium and tritium) to be heated to millions of
    degrees. The energy potential of fusion is immense, and it’s seen as a
    clean and sustainable energy source.
    USAGE OF NUCLEAR ENERGY

    RESEARCH & NUCLEAR


    ELECTRICITY DEVELOPMENT
    GENERATION WEAPONS
    • By using Nuclear energy ,
    • Nuclear energy is the basis of
    • The primary goal of research reactors can atomic bombs, which release a
    nuclear energy is to create produce neutrons for tremendous amount of energy
    a sustainable and clean scientific experiments and upon detonation.
    source of energy for to test materials for use in
    electricity generation nuclear reactors.
    MEDICAL SPACE
    APPLICATIONS EXPLORATION
    • Radioisotopes produced • Nuclear energy can provide a
    in nuclear reactors powerful and efficient means of
    areextensively used in propulsion for spacecraft.
    medicine for diagnostic
    and treatment purposes
    The usage percentage of Nuclear Energy
    COMMON MYTHS
    Myth #1 : Exposure to radiation only occurs from a nuclear power station
    • Radiation from the nuclear industry is actually much lower than what occurs
    naturally.

    Myth #2 : A nuclear reactor can explode like a nuclear bomb.


    • Nuclear bombs rely on a different type of nuclear reaction than nuclear
    reactors.

    Myth #3 : Nuclear energy is too expensive.

    • While the upfront costs of building nuclear power plants can be high, nuclear
    energy has relatively low operational costs compared to fossil fuels
    Myth #4 : There is no solution for huge amounts of nuclear waste being
    generated.

    • 96 % of this ​“waste” can be recycled.

    Myth #5 : Nuclear energy contributes to carbon emissions

    • Nuclear is a low-carbon energy source. It’s got one of the smallest carbon
    footprints.
    Common Facts
    • Global Electricity : Nuclear energy provides about 10% of the world’s electricity
    from approximately 440 power reactors.

    • Low-Carbon Power : It accounts for about one-quarter of the world’s low carbon
    electricity and is the second-largest source of low-carbon power,
    making up 26% of the total in 2020.

    • Research and Medicine : Over 50 countries utilize nuclear energy in about 220
    research reactors for the production of medical and industrial isotopes,
    as well as for training.
    • Country-Specific Trends : The role of nuclear energy varies significantly by
    country. Some countries, like France, get up to around 70% of their
    electricity from nuclear, while others aim to eliminate it completely.
    Visual Representation of Nuclear energy in Bangladesh
    The Ruppur Nuclear Power Plant, located
    in Bangladesh, works by utilizing nuclear
    fission to generate heat.
    This heat is used to produce steam, which
    drives turbines connected to generators,
    producing electricity.
    It will become an important driver of social
    and economic development of
    Bangladesh.(and make a sizable
    contribution to the country’s energy mix.)
    In 2018, Bangladesh’s power generation
    capacity reached 24,000 MW and by 2030
    the plan is to generate upto 40,000 MW .
    Reactor RBMK
    1000
    SOME BIG INCIDENTS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY

    • The Chernobyl disaster was a catastrophic nuclear accident


    that occurred on April 25-26, 1986, at the Chernobyl Nuclear
    Power Plant in the Soviet Union. The cause of the disaster was
    a flawed reactor design that was operated with inadequately
    trained personnel and triggered the worst nuclear accident of
    all time. The incident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
    near Pripyat, Ukraine led to the release of 400 times more
    radiation than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima during
    WW2.

    • Another similar incident was held on Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power


    plant (FDNPP) (Japan, March 2011)
    CONCLUSION
    Nuclear energy is a powerful and efficient source of electricity
    that can generate a large amount of power from a small amount
    of fuel.
    It is a low-carbon technology that has a significant role in
    reducing greenhouse gas emissions and combating climate
    change.
    However, it also presents challenges such as the risk of nuclear
    accidents, the disposal of radioactive waste, and the potential for
    proliferation of nuclear weapons.
    Therefore, while nuclear energy has immense potential, it must
    be managed responsibly and transparently to ensure safety and
    sustainability.
    THANK YOU
    VERY MUCH!

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