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    Multidimensional Arrays: Ali Shakir Alahmed

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    Laween Mohammed

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    Multidimensional Arrays: Ali Shakir Alahmed

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    Laween Mohammed
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    3 views21 pages

    Multidimensional Arrays: Ali Shakir Alahmed

    Uploaded by

    Laween Mohammed

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    Duhok Polytechnic University

    Shekhan Technical Institute


    Information Technology Department

    Multidimensional Arrays

    Ali Shakir Alahmed

    2022–2023
    What is Multidimensional Array?
    • Multidimensional arrays have more than one
    dimension (2, 3, …)
    – The most important multidimensional arrays are the
    2-dimensional
    • Known as matrices
    • Example of matrix of integers with 2 rows and 4
    columns:
    0 1 2 3

    0 5 0 -2 4
    1 5 6 7 8
    Multi Dimensional Arrays Definition

    Arrays can have more than one dimension. For example, a two-dimensional
    array of four rows and two columns. It might have two, three, etc.
    dimensions.

    Duhok Polytechnic University 3


    Multi Dimensional Arrays Definition

    Int [,] A=new int [3,4]


    15 14 13 12
    [0,0] [0,1] [0,2] [0,3]
    10 3 5 6
    [1,0] [1,1] [1,2] [1,3]
    21 31 2 4 [2,0] [2,1] [2,2] [3,3]
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    int[,] A ={

    {13,14,15,16},
    {20,21,22,23},
    {31,32,33,34}

    };

    Console.WriteLine(A[0, 2]); 15

    }}
    Two-Dimensional Array: Declaration Example

    An example for declaration of two-dimensional array, which can use


    initial assignment values, such as:

    double[ , ] hillHeight = { { 1, 2, 3, 4 }, { 2, 3, 4, 5 }, { 3, 4, 5, 6 } };

    4 Columns
    Row 0

    3 Rows
    Row 1

    Row 2

    Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4

    Duhok Polytechnic University 6


    Two-Dimensional Array: Declaration Example

    Another example for declaration of two-dimensional array, is


    shown as below:
    int[,] intArray = new int[3,2] { { 1, 1}, { 1, 2}, { 1, 3} };

    Duhok Polytechnic University 7


    Two-Dimensional Array Initialization
    We initialize two-dimensional arrays in the same way as
    we initialize one-dimensional arrays. We can list the
    element values straight after the declaration:
    int[,] matrix =
    {
    {1, 2, 3, 4}, // row 0 values
    {5, 6, 7, 8}, // row 1 values
    };
    // The matrix size is 2 x 4 (2 rows, 4 cols)
    Accessing the Elements of a Multidimensional Array
    Matrices have two dimensions and respectively we access each
    element by using two indices: one for the rows and one for the
    columns
    Let’s examine the next example:
    int[,] matrix ={ {1, 2, 3, 4},
    {5, 6, 7, 8},};
    The array matrix has 8 elements, stored in 2 rows and 4
    columns. Each element can be accessed in the following way:
    matrix[0, 0] matrix[0, 1] matrix[0, 2] matrix[0, 3]
    matrix[1, 0] matrix[1, 1] matrix[1, 2] matrix[1, 3]
    Length of Multidimensional Arrays
    Each dimension of a multidimensional array has its own length,
    which can be accessed during the execution of the program. Let’s
    look at an example for a two-dimensional array:
    int[,] matrix = {{1, 2, 3, 4},{5, 6, 7, 8}, };
    We can get the number of the rows of this two-dimensional array
    by using matrix.GetLength(0) and the number of all columns
    per row with matrix.GetLength(1).
    So, in this case matrix.GetLength(0) returns 2 and
    matrix.GetLength(1) returns 4.
    Reading and
    Printing
    Matrices
    Printing Matrices – Example
    In the next example we will demonstrate how we can print two-dimensional arrays to
    the console:
    // Declare and initialize a matrix of size 2 x 4
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    int[,] matrix ={{1, 2, 3, 4}, // row 0 values
    {5, 6, 7, 8},}; // row 1 value}
    // Print the matrix on the console
    for (int row = 0; row < matrix.GetLength(0); row++)
    {
    for (int col = 0; col < matrix.GetLength(1); col++)
    {
    Console.Write(matrix[row, col]);
    } 1234
    Console.WriteLine();
    5678
    }}}
    Two-Dimensional Array: GetLength Example

    using System;

    class Program
    {
    public static void Main()
    {
    int[,] A = new int[,]{{10, 20, 30},{ 40, 50, 60} };

    for(int r = 0; r < A.GetLength(0); r++) Console Window


    { 10 20 30
    for(int c = 0; c < A.GetLength(1); c++) 40 50 60
    Console.Write(A[r, c]+ “ “);
    Console.WriteLine();
    }
    }
    }

    Duhok Polytechnic University 13


    Two-Dimensional Array: Sum and Average

    using System;
    class Pogram
    { Console Window
    static void Main() 123456
    { int[,] A={{1, 2, 3},{4, 5, 6}};
    Total: 21
    int total = 0;
    for (int r = 0; r < A.GetLength(0); r++) Average: 3.5
    { for (int c = 0; c < A.GetLength(1); c++)
    { Console.Write(A[r, c]+” “);
    total + = A[r, c];
    }
    }
    Console.WriteLine(“\nTotal: {0}”, total);
    Console.WriteLine(“Average: {0}”, (total/6.0));
    }
    }

    Duhok Polytechnic University 14


    Reading Matrix – Example

    • Create a matrix from the console


    int rows = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    int columns = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    int[,] matrix = new int[rows, columns];
    for (int row=0; row<rows; row++)
    {
    for (int column=0; column< columns; column++)
    {
    Console.Write("matrix[{0},{1}] = ", row,
    column);
    matrix[row, column] =
    int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); }
    }
    Reading And Printing a matrix on the console:
    In this example how to read a two-dimensional array from the console.
    First, we read the values (lengths) of the two-dimensions and then by
    using two nested loops we assign the value of each element (and in the
    end we print out the values of the array):
    using System;
    namespace ConsoleApplication6
    { class Program
    { static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Console.Write("Enter the number of the rows: ");
    int rows = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write("Enter the number of the columns:
    ");
    int cols = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    int[,] matrix = new int[rows, cols];
    Console.WriteLine("Enter the cells of the matrix:");
    for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++)
    {
    for (int col = 0; col < cols; col++)
    {
    Console.Write("matrix[{0},{1}] = ", row, col);
    matrix[row, col] =
    int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
    }
    for (int row = 0; row < matrix.GetLength(0);
    row++)
    {
    for (int col = 0; col < matrix.GetLength(1);
    col++)
    {
    Console.Write(" " + matrix[row, col]);
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
    }
    Find sum of Main diagonal of a matrix
    public static void Main()
    {
    int i,j,sum=0;
    int[,] arr1 = new int[5,5];
    Console.Write("Input elements in the first matrix :\n");
    for(i=0;i<5;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<5;j++)
    { Console.Write("element - [{0}],[{1}] : ",i,j);
    arr1[i,j]=int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); } }

    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    { sum= sum+arr1[i,i]; }
    Console.Write("Addition of the main Diagonal elements is :{0}\
    n",sum);
    Find sum of Second diagonal of a matrix
    public static void Main()
    { int i,j,sum=0,n,m=0;
    int[,] arr1 = new int[5,5];
    Console.Write("Input elements in the matrix:\n");
    for(i=0; i<5;i++)
    { for(j=0;j<5;j++)
    {
    arr1[i,j]= int.Parse (Console.ReadLine());
    }
    }
    // calculate the sum of second diagonals
    for(i=0;i<5;i++)
    { for(j=0;j<5;j++)
    {
    if (i+j == 4)
    { sum= sum+arr1[i,j]; }
    }
    }
    Console.Write("Addition of the second Diagonal elements is :
    {0}\n",sum);
    }
    }
    HOME WORK

    1-Find the sum of rows an columns of a


    Matrix?
    2-Print elements of rows an columns of a
    Matrix?

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