VIRTUAL PROFILING AS A

NATIONAL DIGITAL
IDENTIFICATION SOLUTION: A
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF
MYSEJAHTERA AND SINGPASS
FOR SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL
GOVERNANCE
NOR IZHAM BIN SUBRI
KOLEJ UNIVERSITI ISLAM PERLIS
Introduction to Virtual Profiling
 National Digital Identification
Description
Unique Identifier National Digital ID systems assign a
Unique unique identifier to each citizen or
Identifier resident, which can be linked to their
biometric data (such as fingerprints or
facial recognition) and personal
information (Patnaik & Gupta, 2010).
Key Authentication They employ robust authentication
Components Mechanisms mechanisms, including two-factor
authentication (2FA), e-KYC and
of National cryptographic methods, to ensure the
Digital ID Authentication
security of digital transactions (Ali et al.,
Government 2020).
Authorization Mechanisms
Government National governments or relevant
Authorization authorities issue and manage these
digital IDs, ensuring their validity and
integrity (Martents, 2010).
 Virtual Profiling Potential
National Security and Identity Protection.

A B C D
Potential: Virtual profiling can be employed to monitor and safeguard
against identity theft and other cybersecurity threats. By analyzing patterns
of online behavior, financial transactions, and communication, governments
can create risk profiles that help detect and prevent fraudulent activities.

Benefit: Enhancing identity protection not only strengthens national

security but also builds public trust in digital governance systems. By
preventing identity theft and related crimes, governments can protect
citizens’ personal information, ensuring that the benefits of digital services
Public Health are not undermined by security risks.
C and Social
Services

National

A Security and
Identity
Protection.

Economic Resource
B Equity and
Income D Allocation and
Management
Distribution
 Virtual Profiling Potential
Economic Equity and Income Distribution

A B C D
Potential: Virtual profiling can analyze economic data, including income
levels, employment rates, and economic activity across different regions
and demographics. By creating detailed economic profiles, governments
can identify areas with significant income inequality or economic distress.

Benefit: This information enables the design of policies aimed at promoting

economic equity, such as targeted tax incentives, job creation programs, or
social welfare initiatives. By ensuring a fairer distribution of income and
opportunities, governments can enhance overall economic sustainability
Public Health and social cohesion.
C and Social
Services

National

A Security and
Identity
Protection.

Economic Resource
B Equity and
Income D Allocation and
Management
Distribution
 Virtual Profiling Potential
Public Health and Social Services

A B C D
Potential: Virtual profiling can assess public health and social welfare
needs by analyzing demographic data, health records, and social service
usage. This allows for the identification of vulnerable populations and areas
with higher health risks or social service needs.

Benefit: Governments can use this information to design more effective

public health campaigns, improve access to services, and address
disparities in health and social outcomes, contributing to overall societal
well-being.
Public Health

C and Social
Services

National

A Security and
Identity
Protection.

Economic Resource
B Equity and
Income D Allocation and
Management
Distribution
 Virtual Profiling Potential
Resource Allocation and Management

A B C D
Potential: By profiling regions or communities based on their resource
consumption patterns, virtual profiling can optimize the allocation of
resources like water, energy, and food. This could involve analyzing usage
data to identify inefficiencies or overuse and redirecting resources to areas
with greater need.

Benefit: Efficient resource management helps reduce waste, ensuring that

resources are distributed in a way that supports long-term sustainability
and resilience against shortages or climate impacts.
Public Health

C and Social
Services

National

A Security and
Identity
Protection.

Economic Resource
B Equity and
Income D Allocation and
Management
Distribution
 MySejahtera
Feature Description
Mobile application developed by the Malaysian government to manage and
Overview
contain COVID-19.

Users conduct daily health assessments by answering questions about well-

Daily Health Assessments being and COVID-19 symptoms. Collected data helps authorities monitor
health and identify cases.

Evaluates COVID-19 risk based on reported symptoms and travel history.

Self-Assessment Tool
Provides personalized recommendations for medical attention or testing.

Utilizes Bluetooth and QR code scanning for contact tracing. Records

Contact Tracing Technology
presence at locations and notifies users of potential exposure.

Provides real-time updates on COVID-19 cases, statistics, and news,

Real-Time Updates
keeping users informed about the pandemic in Malaysia.

Locates nearby COVID-19 testing centers and healthcare facilities.

Health Management Features Facilitates vaccination registration and tracking. Assists with travel
authorization and healthcare access.

Accessibility Supports multiple languages to ensure accessibility for a broader audience.

 SingPass
Feature Description
Digital identity and authentication system for citizens, residents,
SingPass Overview
and businesses in Singapore.

Single login for multiple government services. Enhances user

Single Sign-On (SSO) Capabilities
convenience by eliminating the need for multiple logins.

Uses two-factor authentication (2FA) with One-Time Password

Security Measures
(OTP) verification for robust account and data security.

Provides access to tax filing, healthcare, financial transactions,

Your Picture Here Access to Government Services
education, public housing, and more.

Enables businesses to interact with government agencies, file

Business Transactions
taxes, and manage licenses and permits.

Mobile version of SingPass for convenient access to government

SingPass Mobile App
services via smartphones.

Integration with Third-Party Can be integrated with non-governmental platforms for a cohesive
Services user experience.

Secure, convenient system for accessing government services,

Summary
simplifying interactions while ensuring strong security.
 MySejahtera vs SingPass
Aspect MySejahtera SingPass

Excels in health-related services and contact tracing; provides real- Demonstrates seamless service integration and user-friendliness; well-
Strengths
time health information during the COVID-19 pandemic. established digital identity system.

Weaknesses Limited range of government services beyond healthcare. May require continuous updates to meet evolving technological standards.

Can improve security measures by adopting more robust

Security Measures Employs strong authentication methods (e.g., two-factor authentication).
authentication methods.

Could benefit from enhanced user-friendliness, including simplifying

User-Friendliness Known for its user-friendly interface and ease of use.
the login process and navigation.

Potential to integrate a broader range of services, similar to Seamless integration of various government services, including tax filing,
Service Integration
SingPass. healthcare, and financial transactions.

Users suggest improving login processes and navigation for better

User Feedback & Preferences Generally positive feedback on user experience and service integration.
satisfaction.

Prioritizes data privacy and security, but regulatory framework may Strong emphasis on data privacy and security, with a well-defined regulatory
Policy & Governance
differ from that of Singapore. framework in Singapore.

Potential for expansion to include a wider range of services; faces Highly scalable and adaptable; serves as a benchmark for evaluating other
Scalability & Adaptability
technical and organizational challenges in scaling up. systems.

Can adopt successful features from SingPass, such as robust Inspired improvements in other systems like MySejahtera through
Technological Transfer & Innovation
authentication methods. technological transfer.

Provides insights and lessons for countries considering similar digital

Cross-Country Adoption Offers best practices for user-centered design and secure, scalable platforms.
identity systems.

Identified areas for improvement and growth, with potential to align Serves as a model for digital identity systems, offering valuable insights for
Conclusion
with SingPass's standards. other platforms.
 Findings
In conclusion, the comparative analysis between MySejahtera and SingPass
has provided valuable insights into the strengths, weaknesses, and potential
areas for improvement in both digital identity and government service
platforms.

The findings revealed that MySejahtera, as a specialized application

designed for pandemic management, excels in health-related services,
including health declarations, contact tracing, and real-time COVID-19
updates. However, it also highlighted certain limitations, particularly in offering
a wide range of government services beyond the healthcare sector.

On the other hand, SingPass, a well-established digital identity system from

Singapore, demonstrated strengths in user-friendliness, service
integration, and a mature regulatory framework. It served as a benchmark
for evaluating MySejahtera's maturity and effectiveness. Still, the analysis
uncovered opportunities for MySejahtera to enhance its security measures,
user experience, and service integration, drawing inspiration from SingPass.
Conclusion 3. Cross-Border Integration and
Cooperation: The analysis points to the
potential for cross-border integration of digital
Key Insights: identity systems, facilitating international
cooperation and trade. This is particularly relevant
1.Sharing Best Practices: The analysis for enhancing global connectivity and seamless
emphasizes the importance of sharing successful governance in a rapidly globalizing world.
strategies across nations to improve digital
identity and government service platforms. By 4. Scalability and Crisis Management:
adopting best practices, countries can enhance Addressing scalability challenges and learning from
the efficiency, inclusivity, and security of their crisis management experiences, as demonstrated
digital governance systems. by MySejahtera and SingPass, are crucial for
building resilient and adaptable digital governance
2.Global Cybersecurity and Data systems that can support sustainable global
Protection: The findings suggest that the governance.
insights from this comparison can help establish
international privacy and security standards. This Overall Implications:
is crucial for ensuring robust global cybersecurity The key point underscores how comparative analysis
and protecting citizens' data across borders. between digital identity platforms like MySejahtera and
SingPass can offer critical lessons for shaping
3.User-Centric Design: The importance of sustainable global governance. By focusing on
designing digital governance systems that efficiency, security, inclusivity, and international
prioritize user experience is highlighted. Engaging cooperation, these insights contribute to the
citizens through user-friendly platforms fosters development of resilient and citizen-friendly digital
greater participation and strengthens effective governance systems that are essential for global
governance.. sustainability
THANK YOU