OVERVIEW OF

SAP BW
 

1. Agenda

2
Contents
Introduction to SAP BW

What is ERP?

Architecture Overview of SAP BW

What is the Data?

Difference between OLTP vs OLAP

What is Data Warehouse?

What is an ETL?

Layers of SAP BW

What is SAP BW?

Why SAP BW?

Data Marting and Data Mining

Data Warehousing Work Bench (DWW) Walkthrough

3
 

Data Warehousing and the

SAP BW Overview and
Concepts

4
SAP Business Warehouse

5
SAP Business Warehouse

6
Business Warehouse

/ SAC

7
Business Warehouse
Architecture

8
Business Warehouse
OLAP vs OLTP

9
 Close the Loop

Action

Common
Analytical
Transaction Applications
Analysis
Processing Meta Data

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Extraction Transformation
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

OLTP External Data targets

10
 Business Content
What is ERP

Financial Accounting Logistics

General Ledger Sales
General Ledger Sales
Accnts Receivable Controlling Human Resources
Accnts Receivable Purchasing
Purchasing
Accnts Payable Profitability Analysis Administration
Accnts Payable Profitability Analysis Administration
Inventory Management
Product Costing Inventory Management
Special Ledger Product Costing Training & Events
Special Ledger Training & Events
Production
Overhead Costing Production Time Management
Fixed Assets Overhead Costing
Fixed Assets Time Management
Profit Center Accnt Project Management
Profit Center Accnt Project Management Payroll Accounting
Payroll Accounting
11
Dataflow
Administrator Workbench

Central
CentralAdministration
Administrationand
andControl
Control
 Modeling
Modeling
 Reporting
ReportingAgent
Agent
 Business
BusinessContent
Content
 Monitoring
Monitoring
 Metadata
MetadataRepository
Repository

13
 OLAP Processor

Introdcution to SAP BW

What is ERP?

What is the Data?

What is the Business Intelligence?

Difference between OLTP vs OLAP

What is Data Warehouse?

What is an ETL?

Layers of SAP BW

What is SAP BW?

Why SAP BW?

Architecture Overview of SAP BW

Data Marting and Data Mining

Data Warehousing Work Bench (DWW) Walkthrough

Quiz1
1.OVERVIEW OF THE SAP BW IN HANA
OLAP Processor
2.Module One: Enterprise Structure Introduction to ERP INFO PROVIDERS
3.SAP, Data Warehouse Overview of BW, BI, Data Base 1.Info set
4.Overview of BW Architecture, Landscape Basic Modeling:
2.Virtual Providers
5.Create a valid Schema Multi-Dimensional Model – The Star
6.Schema (Classical Approach) 3.Re-Modeling
7.Multi-Dimensional star schema in BW (Extended star Schema) The OLAP Concept 4.Re-Partitioning
8.Differences between OLAP and OLTP Business Modeling 5.Open-Hub Destination
9.Info Object Catalogs 6.Data Marts
10.Info Objects REPORTING – BUSINESS EXPLORER
11.PSA 1.BEX Query designer
12.Info Area 2.BEX Report Designer
13.Application Component
14.Info Source
3.Visual Composer
15.Data Source 4.Functional Overview of Bex Query
16.Transfer Rules 5.Designer Reusable Query Elements
17.Update Rules 6.Query Controls with Variables
18.Transfer Structure 7.Calculated Key Figures
19.Communication Structure 8.Restricted Key Figures
20.Info Package 9.Formulae
21.Transformation
10.Structures
22.Data Transfer Process
23.Loading Transactional Data into BW info Cube Loading MD
11.Variable Definition in Detail
24.with TD into BW System BW and BI Comparisons Master 12.Characteristic values variables
25.data loading-new(BI) ETL process 13.Text Variables
26.Info cube & Types Courses for sap BW on HANA training 14.Formula Variables
27.Standard Info cube and Loading with new ETL Process 15.Hierarchy Variable
28.Generate Report with BI master and Transaction Data 16.BEX Analyzer
29.Manual Uploading of MD like Attributes, Text, Hierarchy 17.BEX WAD
30.Different Types of Attributes Transformations
ANALYSIS FUNCTIONS
RULE TYPES ROUTINES
1.Start Routine
1.Conditions
2.End Routine 2.Exceptions
3.Expert Routine 3.Reporting Drilldown
DTP (DATA TRANSFER PROCESS) 4.Drill down to DSO from Info Cube (RRI)
1.Standard DTP 5.Copying Queries from Cubes
2.Error DTP 6.Bex Analyzer Bex WAD Bex Report Designer
3.Direct Access DTP 7.Visual Composer Migration Objects from BW 3.x to BI 7.0
4.Real-time DTP
8.Transportation Extraction
DSO (DATA STORE OBJECT)
1.Standard DSO 9.Generic Data Extraction using MD/TD Tables
2.Write optimized DSO 10.COPA Extraction
3.Direct update DSO 11.Business Content Extractions using MD/TD
4.APD (Analysis Process & Design) 12.LO-COCKPIT Data Extraction
5.Update Methods 13.Delta types for Generic Extraction
6.Full updates 14.LO Extraction
7.Initialization 15.ASAP methodology
8.Delta Updates
16
17
18
 OLAP Processor

 Arbitrary drill-downs, horizontally, vertically, hierarchically

 Built-in functions for ...
... Aggregation: sum, count, count distinct, min / max,
first / last, average by period, ...
... Comparison: difference, ratio, percent,...
... Analysis: sort, cumulated sum, time series,...
... Stock value handling
... Financial: currencies, fiscal year variants,...
 Derived key figures
 More OLAP Goodies ...

Hierarchies for interactivedrill-down

Tree-like structures on a characteristic’s domain
Structure defined in external hierarchy table (similar to
master data)  no realignment problem!
Flexible versioning on hierarchies

Variables
Determine set of data for a query at run-time
 which complex filters, which hierarchies?
Values for variables are calculated by the system or
entered by the user
Values for variables can be used as input for formulae

20
 Currency Conversion

• Convert during data load and/or

during analysis
• Based on ECCconversion rates Business Explorer
EUR
• Conversion per
• fiscal year / fiscal period convert
• calendar date / period OLAP
OLAP Processor
Processor
• conversion rate type EUR

• Mixed currencies within USD JPY

columns or rows Staging
Staging Engine
Engine
• multi currency aggregates can convert
be resolved by a simple dill-
down by units
NLG
DM
JPY
R/3 EUR LIT File
R
FF
21
 Aggregates

• Speedup query performance by providing

pre-aggregated views on InfoCubes
Aggregates are also stored in InfoCube star schema
• Fully invisible to the end-user
Created by administrator depending on InfoCube semantics and query
anticipation
Optimized by OLAP processor selecting best aggregate

• Built-in consistency
data package released for queries when aggregate update complete
• Zero downtime during load

22
 BW Data Model

Customer # Name Location Master

13970522 Brightview, Inc. Palo Alto data

Customer dimension
InfoCube
C Customer # Region …
13970522 west ...

P C T Quantity Revenue Discount Sales overhead Fact table

250 500,000 $ 50,000 $ 280,000 $

50 100,000 $ 7,500 $ 60,000 $
… … … ...

P Product # Product group … T Period Fiscal year …

2101004 displays ... 10 1997 ...
Product dimension Time dimension

23
24
InfoCube: SAP BW Design
• Central data stores for reports and evaluations
• Contains two types of data:
• Key Figures
• Characteristics

•1 Fact Table and up to 16 Dimension Tables

•3 Dimensions are predefined by SAP
• Time
• Unit
• Info Package

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 Info Cube Multi-Dimensional Analysis

Query Cache

Others
Govt Agencies
Institutions

Customer Retail
Group Whole sale South
Dept Stores West Regions
East

Furnishings

Bi-products
Glassware

Chemicals
Ceramics
Plastics

Division

26
 InfoCube: Example
East
South

Customer
group
Dept. Stores
Region
North

Wholesale
Retail

Glass- Ceramics Plastics Pottery Copper Pewter

ware

Division
27
 InfoCube: Multi-dimensional
Query Cache
Characteristics: InfoCube

analysis
Product group
Customer group
East
Region

Division
Customer
South

Area
group
DeptStores Company code
North

Wholesale
Retail Region
Glass- Ceramics Plastics
ware Period
Division Profit Center
Bus. Area

Analysis 2 Analysis 3 Analysis

of Ceramics of Plastics of Plastics division
1 division division and Southern region
East

East
South East

Region

Region
Customer Customer Customer
Region

South

group group

South
group
DeptStores DeptStores DeptStores
North

North

North
Wholesale Wholesale Wholesale
Retail Retail Retail
Glass- Ceramics Plastics Glass- Ceramics Plastics Glass- Ceramics Plastics
ware ware ware

Division Division Division

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 InfoCube: Characteristics
and Key Figures Customer
group
1 North
100 Plastics Character-
RT-0001 Retail Trade istics
Region

Sales 4,000,000
Hours worked 1,300,000 Key Figures

Division

 Key Figures are stored for a unique combination of Characteristic

Values
 Number of dimensions is degree of granularity / summarization
level of the dataset
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 What is an InfoObject ?
• The various OLTP data models are unified for BW
• Business objects / data elements become InfoObjects

ECC
OLTP BW Extractor

Table of cost centers

CO
KOSTL ... DataSource
Controlling InfoObject
for
Cost Center
“0COSTCENTER”

HR Table of employees
Human EMPLO COST_CENTER ...
Resources
InfoObjects are unique across
application components !
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Types of InfoObjects

• Characteristics:evaluation groups like “Cost Center”,

“Product group”, “Material”
• Have discrete values stored in their master data tables
(e.g. the characteristic “Region” has the values “North”,
“South”, ... )
• Special types of characteristics:
• Time characteristics like “Fiscal period”, “Calendar year”, ...
• Unit characteristics which comprise currencies and units of measure
like “Local currency” or “Sales quantity”
• Keyfigures:
continuously valued numerical fields like
amounts and quantities (e.g.: “Revenue” and “Sales
quantity”)

31
 Reporting Architecture

Analyzer
defines ...
Business Explorer

OLAP server
OLAP
Processor
operates on ... Query

Database Database
stores ... Star
Schema
Aggregates

stored in
InfoCub
e

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 Reporting
Architecture
Business Explorer
Analyzer stored in
shows ...
defines ...
Query View Excel Workbook

OLAP server

OLAP
Processor Query
operates on ...

Database Aggregates

stored in Star
Database Schema
stores ...
InfoCube
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Analyzer: Defining
Queries

34
 Analyzer embedded in Excel
• Business Explorer Analyzer ...
• ... implemented as an Add-in for Microsoft Excel
• ... links query rsults to cells in Excel workbooks
(e.g. multiple queries within same worksheet)
• ... offers all navigation features of OLAP-Processor via mouse-click,
context-menus, toolbar etc.

Workbooks
as container All rendition and
presentation End-users build
for queries on existing Excel
(store, e-mail) features of
Excel available and MS Office
know how
THANK YOU